CHM 2046 Chapter 16 Homework

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Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____

1. One of the reactions that is used to produce gaseous hydrogen commercially follows. A proper expression for
the rate of this reaction could be ____.
H2O(g) + CO(g) H2(g) + CO2(g)
a.
b.
c. k
d.
e.

____

2. In the following reaction,

A + 3B AB3
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

= 0.89 mol/Ls. What is the value of the rate of the reaction at this time?

0.30 mol/Ls
0.89 mol/Ls
0.30 mol/Ls
2.67 mol/Ls
0.22 mol/Ls

____

3. Consider the exothermic combustion of coal. Which of the following could increase the rate of reaction?
a. using smaller pieces of coal
b. increasing the concentration of oxygen
c. lowering the temperature
d. both (a) and (b) are correct
e. choices (a), (b) and (c) are all correct

____

4. Which response below is not an example of how the nature of reactants affects the rate of reaction?
a. Graphite burns faster than diamond under equal conditions.
b. Coal dust burns faster than large chunks of coal.
c. Magnesium reacts faster in higher concentrations of HCl(aq).
d. Calcium reacts faster in water than magnesium.
e. White phosphorus reacts explosively on contact with air; red phosphorus does not.

____

5. Which of the following reactions would be expected to be the slowest?

a. Ag+(aq) + Cl(aq) AgCl(s)
b. H+(aq) + OH(aq) H2O
c. Iron rusting
d. Pb2+(aq) + CrO42(aq) PbCrO4(s)
e. H+(aq) + CN(aq) HCN(aq)

____

6. The gas phase reaction A + B C has a reaction rate which is experimentally observed to follow the
relationship rate = k[A][B]2. The overall order of the reaction
a. is first.
b. is second.
c. is third.
d. is zero.
e. cannot be determined.

____

7. Consider the following rate law expression: rate = k[A][B]2. If the concentration of A is tripled and the
concentration of B is reduced by half, what is the resulting change in the reaction rate?
a. The rate is increased by 3/2.
b. The rate is reduced by 3/4.
c. The rate stays the same.
d. The rate is doubled.
e. The rate is reduced by 1/2.

____

8. The gas-phase reaction

2NO + 2H2 N2 + 2H2O
has the following rate law expression, rate = k[NO]2[H2]. If the [NO] is halved and the [H2] is tripled, what
change in rate is expected?
a. decrease by 3/4
b. increase by 3/4
c. increase by 3/2
d. decrease by 3/2
e. stays same

____

9. The half-life for the reactant A in the first order reaction below is 36.2 seconds. What is the rate constant for
this reaction at the same temperature?
A B
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

52.2 s1
0.0276 s1
0.0191 s1
18.1 s1
0.00832 s1

____ 10. The rate constant for the second order reaction below is 2.79 L/mol min at 48C. If the initial concentration
of NO2 is 1.05 M , what is the half-life?
2NO2 N2O4
a. 20.5 s
b. 10.3 s
c. 0.341 min

d. 176 s
e. 14.9 s
____ 11. The decomposition of dimethylether at 504C is first order with a half-life of 1570. seconds. What fraction of
an initial amount of dimethylether remains after 4710. seconds?
a. 1/3
b. 1/6
c. 1/8
d. 1/16
e. 1/32
____ 12. Consider the following first order reaction.
A2B AB + A
If it takes 87 seconds for the concentration of A2B to be reduced from 2.2 M to 0.12 M, what is the value of
the specific rate constant?
a. 0.0334 min1
b. 2.01 min1
c. 2.01 s1
d. 18.3 min1
e. 3.51 103 s1
____ 13. Cyclopropane rearranges to form propene in a reaction that is first order. If the rate constant is 2.74 103 s1,
how long would it take for 85.6% of the cyclopropane to rearrange if the initial concentration was 0.460 M?
a. 51.0 s
b. 62.0 s
c. 707 s
d. 2.74 103 s
e. 3.83 104 s
____ 14. At 300 K the reaction below obeys the rate law Rate = k[NOCl]2 where k = 2.8 105 M1s1.
2NOCl 2NO + Cl2
Suppose 1.0 mole of NOCl is introduced into a 2.0-liter container at 300 K. Evaluate the half-life of the
reaction.
a. 2.6 103 seconds
b. 3.6 104 seconds
c. 2.4 104 seconds
d. 1.1 103 seconds
e. 4.0 104 seconds
____ 15. At a certain temperature the reaction below obeys the rate-law expression rate = (1.14 103 M1s1)[B]2. If
5.00 mol of B is initially present in a 1.00-L container at that temperature, how long would it take for 2.00
mol of B to be consumed at constant temperature?
2B C + D
a. 224 s
b. 87.5 s
c. 46.0 s

d. 73.0 s
e. 58.5 s
____ 16. Compounds A and B react to form C and D in a reaction that is found to be second-order overall and secondorder in B. The rate constant at 30C is 0.622 liter per mole per minute.
A+BC+D
How many minutes does it take 4.0 102 M B (mixed with excess A) to be reduced to 3.3 102 M B?
a. 1.4 min
b. 3.6 min
c. 5.0 min
d. 6.4 min
e. 8.5 min
____ 17. Which of the following statements regarding collision and transition state theory is false?
a. Reactants must collide to form products.
b. All reactant collisions result in product formation.
c. Activation energy is always positive.
d. Reactant molecules must absorb energy to form the transition state.
e. Reactant collisions must be oriented properly to form products.
____ 18. Which statement is false?
a. If a reaction is thermodynamically spontaneous, it may occur rapidly.
b. A fast reaction may be thermodynamically spontaneous.
c. If a reaction is thermodynamically spontaneous, it may occur slowly.
d. If a reaction is thermodynamically spontaneous, it must have a low activation energy.
e. Rate of reaction is a kinetic quantity rather than a thermodynamic quantity.
Exhibit 16-1
Given the following potential energy diagram for the one-step reaction
X +Y Z +R

____ 19. Refer to Exhibit 16-1. The activation energy of the reverse reaction is equal to ____.
a. "d"
b. "c" plus "d"
c. "c"
d. "a" plus "c"
e. "d" minus "a"
____ 20. Refer to Exhibit 16-1. The point "b" represents ____.
a. the energy of the mixture when half of the reactants have been converted to products
b. the energy of the transition state

c. the number of moles of transition state that must be formed

d. the energy of the forward reaction
e. the energy of the reverse reaction
____ 21. Given the following potential energy diagram for the one-step reaction
X +Y Z +R

The arrow "c" represents the ____.

a. net energy of reaction for the forward reaction
b. activation energy for the forward reaction
c. net energy of reaction for the reverse reaction
d. activation energy for the reverse reaction
e. energy content for the reaction
____ 22. Which of the following statements about reaction mechanisms is false?
a. A reaction can have more than one possible mechanism.
b. A reaction mechanism must be consistent with the experimentally observed rate law.
c. The slowest step in the reaction mechanism is called the rate-determining step.
d. Reaction mechanisms involve complex reaction steps.
e. Reaction mechanisms are difficult to prove.
____ 23. A reaction mechanism will usually be
a. the only possible explanation for the reaction.
b. difficult to verify experimentally.
c. generally obvious from the balanced chemical equation.
d. obvious from a consideration of the balanced chemical equation.
e. obvious from a consideration of the reaction rate data.
____ 24. Suppose the activation energy of a certain reaction is 250 kJ/mol. If the rate constant at T1 = 300 K is k1, and
the rate constant at T2 = 320 K is k2, then k2/k1 = ____. (The universal gas constant = 8.314 J/molK.)

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

3 1029
0.067
15.0
525
3 1028

____ 25. The specific rate constant, k, for a reaction is 2.64 102 s1 at 25C, and the activation energy is 74.0 kJ/mol.
Calculate k at 50C. (The universal gas constant = 8.314 J/molK.)

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

0.832 s1
71.9 s1
0.266 s1
1.08 s1
0.0265 s1

____ 26. The rate constant, k, for a first-order reaction is 1.20 102 s1 at 45C and the activation energy is 98.2
kJ/mol. Calculate the rate constant for this reaction at 95C.
a. 1.87 104 s1
b. 7.72 101 s1
c. 6.06 102 s1
d. 1.40 103 s1
e. 2.02 105 s1
____ 27. For which of the following hypothetical rate laws would the units of the rate constant have the general form
Mtime?
a. rate = k
b. rate = k[A]
c. rate = k[A]3
d. rate = k[A]2
e. rate = k[A]4
____ 28. For a reaction to take place, the molecules that are reacting ______.
a. must have more energy than the products
b. must have less energy than the products
c. must be able to reach the activation energy
d. must be in considerable numbers
____ 29. In a reaction coordinate diagram, reacting molecules are most unstable ______.
a. at their initial position
c. right after they collide
b. when they are about to collide
d. at the transition state
____ 30. The reaction of ICl with hydrogen : 2 ICl + H2 I2 + 2 HCl

is first order in ICl and second order in H2. In an experiment to determine the rate law, the rate
constant was determined to be 2.24 M-2s-1. Using this value for the rate constant, the rate of the
reaction when [ICl] = 0.314M and [H2] = 0.179M would be:
a. 1.26 x 10-3 Ms-1
b. 2.25 x 10-2 Ms-1
c. 3.95 x 10-2 Ms-1
d. 2.23 x 102 Ms-1
e. 2.52 x 10-1 Ms-1