PART 1: CLOZE VOCABULARY

From the words listed below, choose the ones which best fit the space, A, B, C or D.
PARROT RUSTLING
Parrots and macaws have become so (01)......... that special varieties of these birds
are (02) ......... up to 9,000 each on the black market in Britain. Macaws from
Brazil cost from 1,000 and parrots from Australia can cost 7,500 a pair.
The demand for parrots, cockatoos and macaws has led to a (03)......... increase in
thefts from zoos, wildlife parks and pet shops. London and Whipsnade zoos are
among the many places from which parrots have been stolen. Some thefts have not
been (04)......... in an effort to prevent further (05).......... Parrot rustling, as it is
known among bird fanciers, has increased rapidly in Britain since 1976 when
imports and exports of (06)......... birds became (07)......... controlled.
Quarantine controls, (08)......... with the scarcity of many types of parrots in the
wild in Africa, Australia, Indonesia, and South America, have caused a shortage of
birds which can be sold legally under (09).......... This has sent prices to (10).........
levels.

Working at night and equipped with wire-cutters, nets and substances to dope the
birds, the rustlers are prepared to (11)......... serious risks to capture the parrots
they want. At Birdworld, a specialist zoo, thieves (12)......... two parrots after
picking their (13)......... through an enclosure containing cassowaries, The
cassowary is a large flightless bird, related to the emu, which can be extremely
(14)........., and has been (15)......... to kill humans with blows from its powerful
legs.

01. A. costly B. extinct C. outlandish D. rare

02. A. raising B. reaching C. lifting D. fetching
03. A. acute B. peak C. sharp D. high
04. A. published B. publicised C. advertised D. told
05. A. happenings B. incidents C. acts D. activities
06. A. unusual B. uncommon C. exotic D. strange
07. A. tightly B. hardly C. toughly D. grimly
08. A. coupled B. doubled C. attached D. accompanied
09. A. warranty B. guarantee C. licence D. law
10. A. unknown B. unheard C. record D. highest

11. A. sustain B. assume C. take D. make

12. A. thieved B. robbed C. misappropriated D. stole
13. A. way B. road C. path D. lane
14. A. aggressive B. fighting C. bad-tempered D. rough
15. A. heard B. known C. considered D. able
PART 2: CLOZE USAGE

Complete with one word only in each space.

HEALTH AND CIGARETTES
In many Western countries, girls are more (01) ............. to smoke than boys. It's
the girls who want to look "tough and grown-up." The result is that (02) .............
lung cancer in American men has fallen (03) ............. the first time in 50 years,
the disease is (04) ............. in women. The decrease in the disease among men is
attributed to a decrease in smoking among men (05) ............. the government's
first warning of a (06) ............. between cigarettes and disease in 1964. On the
other hand, lung cancer is now expected to overtake breast cancer (07) .............
the principal fatal cancer among women. (08) ............. your son or daughter is a
non-smoker, there is another good (09) ............. for rejecting a smoker as a lifelong mate. Smokers don't just ruin their own health by (10) ............. up. They are
a menace to (11) ............. Second-hand smoke is lethal. As the 18th report on
smoking by the United States Surgeon General (12) ............. it: "Involuntary
smoking is a (13) ............. of disease, including lung cancer, in healthy nonsmokers." (14) ............. to the report, at home, the children of parents who smoke
(15) ............. the effects in their respiratory systems. Smokers make their own
kids sick.
PART 3: ERROR RECOGNITION

Most but not all of the following lines contain one error. There may be a spelling or
punctuation or grammatical mistake, a word may be wrongly used, or the line may
contain an unnecessary word. Underline the error. If a line is correct, tick ( ) it.
STEEPLECHASING

01. Steeplechasing early began in the eighteenth century as a sport among the foxhunting

02. gentry. In those days, they raced through the countryside to a place marked by
a
03. distant church spire, or steeple. It was a reckless and dangerous sport. By
1830,
04. it became a part of formal racing, and is today an established winter sport. The
05. courses, which there are over 40 in England and nearly 30 in Ireland, have
06. artificial barriers in place of the real ditches, walls, streams and hedges. From
07. October to March, hundreds of steeplechase jockeys, professional and amateur,
08. risk life and limbs. Of all the races in the steeplechasing calendar, the most
09. popular is the Grand National, run over a distance of ten kilometres and forty
10. high jumps. Everyone in the country takes an interest to it and most people
11. seems to buy a sweepstake ticket, or put a pound or two on the horse they
think
12. will win. In some years, where the going is especially bad, as
13. much as three-quarters of the horses will not finish the race.
PART 4: WORD FORMATION

Complete with a word formed from those in the list.

John Lennon
Lennon, if he is a symbol of anything, is a symbol of (01) .......... , of play. He
believed you could change the world. If you made the right gesture, a (02) ..........
might take place. His life has become a myth, and high claims are made for him. He
said that the Beatles were better known than Jesus Christ, which seemed to
Christian (03) .......... a (04) .......... and (05) .......... thing to say, but he was
probably right. The (06) .......... thing is that, by his violent death, he seems
himself to have been elevated from musician, from supreme exponent of rock and
roll, to the rank of prophet, shaman, myth. His wife, Yoko Ono, still serves as the
(07) .......... of the myth, the keeper of the relics. She says: "He certainly wasn't a
person who kowtowed or tried to preserve himself by shutting up. It's a very
precious thing, I think, very (08).......... : this man who said it in a way for all of us.
People identified with him because he said the truth, especially the truth they could
not say."
01. CHILD .......................

02. TRANSFORM ......................

03. CHURCH ......................
04. SENSE ......................
05. RESPONSIBLE ......................
06. IRONY ......................
07. MAID ......................
08. COURAGE ......................

Northern Ireland
For thirty years Belfast, the capital city of Northern Ireland, was divided, torn by
(09) .......... riots, blasted by car bombs, patrolled by armoured cars. A whole
(10) .......... grew up in the city knowing nothing else but what the Irish
(11) .......... call "the troubles". The place suffered not only from violence, but from
poverty, low (12) .........., lack of incentive, lack of a future.
The young complained of (13) .......... by the police and security forces. But the
(14) .......... by terrorists, Catholic or Protestant, could be much worse. The
example is given of one 15-year-old Catholic boy with 85 offences behind him. He
fled from Northern Ireland after being told that the IRA was waiting at his home.
Six cushions had been laid out in his sitting room in(15) .......... for a (16) ..........
shooting - elbows, knees and ankles. This was a country where the concepts of law
and order no longer had any meaning.
09. SECT ......................
10. GENERATE ......................
11. EUPHEMISM ......................
12. EXPECT ......................
13. VICTIM ......................
14. HARASS ......................
15. PREPARE ......................
16. PUNISH ......................

PART 5: APPROPRIATE REGISTER

Read the formal letter. Then fill in the gaps using the most appropriate word(s).
Use no more than two words. Do not use any words from the formal letter.

LETTER FROM HOTEL TO CLIENT

Dear Mr Canelli
Thank you for your enquiry about the availability of accommodation and conference
facilities during the last two weeks of October.
We have one conference room, the Alexandra, available in that period. The
Alexandra will accommodate from 30 to 50 delegates, depending on how many
attend.. You can see a photograph of the room on page four of the enclosed
brochure. Naturally, fax and telex services, as well as secretarial assistance and
translation service, are available.
I note from your letter that you expect 25 to 30 delegates to go to the meeting and
will require an equivalent number of double rooms. We advice booking a higher
number of rooms in case more decide to come than you expect. Since the hotel has
300 double rooms, all with twin beds, we can usually offer rooms on six to four
weeks notice during the off-peak season. If less than four weeks' notice is given,
difficulties may arise.
For a group booking such as yours, we offer a business terms discount of 40 per
cent of the total, excluding service charge and VAT, conditional on a minimum stay
of five consecutive nights being booked.
Yours faithfully

Jim,
Here's the hotel's answer. How does it (01)......... you? The brochure has a
(02)......... of the room taken with a wide-angle lens, (03)......... it is probably a lot
smaller than you can (04)......... from the photograph. A lot will depend on the
number of people who (05)..........
The discount sounds good, but as we (06)......... want three nights it won't
(07)......... to us. Perhaps you could get (08)......... them and see if they'll give us
some sort of (09)..........

We had better (10)......... our minds pretty soon because they want to know four
weeks in (11)........., and as we plan the conference over Easter they are sure to be
rather (12)......... booked.
PART 6: STRUCTURE AND MEANING

Complete with the correct phrases from the list.

THE CASE FOR VEGETARIANISM

(01)........., the vets themselves are (02).........: (03)......... wished to remain

anonymous. He said, "I hardly eat any meat these days, especially not in
restaurants. In my opinion, it is not a wholesome product any more, (04).............
I don't trust many of the producers or slaughterers I know. There is no effective
(05).........." Thus, a meat inspector on an poultry line has three to five seconds to
examine each bird and judge (06).......... One vet (07)......... admitted that if a
tumour is found it is cut out but the rest of the carcass is passed as (08)..........
(09)......... that the consumer is forcing change. Thus Gallup poll findings suggest
that three million Britons now eat no red meat. In the past five years, three new
anti-meat magazines (10)..........

A involved in meat inspection

B have been launched
C whether or not it is healthy
D speaking up
E sometimes rather worried
F plans for the future
G at least much of it isn't
H ready for eating
I means of policing
J fit for human consumption
K start up
L as far as meat is concerned

M moreover
N one who reported
O it would seem
PART 1: CLOZE VOCABULARY
Check your answers.

01. D. rare

02. D. fetching
03. C. sharp
04. B. publicised
05. B. incidents
06. C. exotic
07. A. tightly
08. A. coupled
09. C. licence
10. C. record
11. C. take
12. D. stole
13. A. way
14. A. aggressive
15. B. known
PART 2: CLOZE USAGE
Check your answers.

01. likely, liable

02. while, although

03. for
04. rising, increasing
05. since, after
06. link, connection
07. as
08. If
09. reason
10. lighting
11. others
12. it
13. cause
14. According
15. show
PART 3: ERROR RECOGNITION
Check your answers.

01. Omit early, or place after began.

02. Use across instead of
through.
03. correct
04. correct
05. Needs of before which.

06. Use obstacles instead of

barriers.
07. correct
08. Phrase takes singular
limb.
09. correct
10. in
11. Use plural seem to agree with most people.
12. Use when instead of
where to indicate time.
13. Use many instead of
much to indicate number.
PART 4: WORD FORMATION
Check your answers.

01. childhood
02. transformation
03. churchmen, church-goers
04. senseless
05. irresponsible
06. ironic, ironical
07. handmaiden
08. courageous
09. sectarian

10. generation
11. euphemistically
12. expectations
13. victimisation
14. harassment
15. preparation
16. punishment
PART 5: APPROPRIATE REGISTER
Check your answers.

01. strike, look to, sound to

02. snap, shot, snapshot (NOT photo),
picture
03. so (NOT and)
04. tell (NOT see), make out
05. turn up (NOT come), take part (NOT participate), show up
06. only
07. apply
08. back to, on to
09. reduction, deal
10. make up
11. advance
12. heavily (NOT fully)

PART 6: STRUCTURE AND MEANING

Complete with the correct phrases from the list.

THE CASE FOR VEGETARIANISM

(01)........., the vets themselves are (02).........: (03)......... wished to remain

anonymous. He said, "I hardly eat any meat these days, especially not in
restaurants. In my opinion, it is not a wholesome product any more, (04).............
I don't trust many of the producers or slaughterers I know. There is no effective
(05).........." Thus, a meat inspector on an poultry line has three to five seconds to
examine each bird and judge (06).......... One vet (07)......... admitted that if a
tumour is found it is cut out but the rest of the carcass is passed as (08)..........
(09)......... that the consumer is forcing change. Thus Gallup poll findings suggest
that three million Britons now eat no red meat. In the past five years, three new
anti-meat magazines (10)..........

A involved in meat inspection

B have been launched
C whether or not it is healthy
D speaking up
E sometimes rather worried
F plans for the future
G at least much of it isn't
H ready for eating
I means of policing
J fit for human consumption
K start up
L as far as meat is concerned
M moreover
N one who reported

O it would seem