LM35 TEMPERATURE SENSOR:

The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose output
voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. The LM35 thus has an
advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in Kelvin, as the user is not required to
subtract a large constant voltage from its output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling. The
LM35 does not require any external calibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies of
C at room temperature and Cover a full -55 to +150C temperature range. Low cost is
assured by trimming and calibration at the wafer level. The LM35's low output impedance, linear
output, and precise inherent calibration make interfacing to readout or control circuitry especially
easy. It can be used with single power supplies, or with plus and minus supplies. As it draws only
60 A from its supply, it has very low self-heating, less than 0.1C in still air. The LM35 is rated
to operate over a -55 to +150C temperature range. A digital thermometer can be easily created
by using LM35 temperature sensor and can be interfaced any microcontrollers.
Interfacing LM35 Temperature Sensor with 8051 Microcontroller:
This Digital Thermometer Design can be integrated by using the 8051 microcontroller and
analog to digital converter IC ADC 804 and interfaced with AT89s52 microcontroller and the
output can be displayed on any output device may be computer monitor or any LCD display. The
sensor used for this design is the LM35 which output an analogue voltage per centigrade Celsius.
A circuit amplification is done between the LM35 and the microcontroller.
ADC 804 ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER
The ADC804 is an analog to digital converter which is used to convert analog signals to digital
so that any microcontroller can sense the signal and works accordingly. Resolution of this IC is 8
bits and works with +5V. If input voltage 5V then converted digital output is FF.
GSM
GSM is widely used mobile communication architecture used in most of the countries. This
project demonstrates the interfacing of microcontroller 2 with HyperTerminal and GSM
module. It aims to familiarize with the syntax of AT Commands and their Information Response
and Result Codes. The ASCII values of characters in the Information Response, Result Codes
and their syntax can be monitored by an LED array. For the basic concepts, working and
operation of AT commands and GSM module refer GSM/GPRS Module.
The project explains interfacing of the AT89S52 microcontroller with the GSM
module and the HyperTerminal. HyperTerminal is a Windows application. The AT commands are

sent by the HyperTerminal to the GSM module. The Information Response and/or Result Codes
are received at the microcontroller and retransmitted to the HyperTerminal by the controller.