2014 Sixth International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation

The Research and Implement of the Intelligent Parking Reservation Management

System Based on ZigBee Technology
Cui Shiyao, Wu Ming, Liu Chen, Rong Na
School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan,
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China
ise_cuisyy@163.com
Abstract With the rapid development of economy and the
improvement of city modernization level, traffic congestion
and parking have become serious social problems due to
the explosive growth of the per capita amount of vehicle. So
this paper put forward the design and implementation of
smart parking system trying to solve the parking problem.
The bottom part of this system is composed of ZigBee network
which sent pressure information to PC through a coordinator
and then update database. The application layer can quickly
get the parking information through the Internet, and use
advantages of Webservice to gather all the scattered parking
information to bring convenience to the people who want to get
a parking position.

Figure 1. The system composition principle

Keywords- ZigBee ;Webservice; android; Database

I.

III.
A.

The application of intelligent parking planning

This design idea develops an application which is able to
reserve parking spaces in a smart phone, after running the
APP, click "chewei" button on parking reservation interface
can create a new tracking, then the real-time Service read
database data in the background and get parking information,
the parking space real-time state is mapped to mobile phone
screen, click on the button which shows "kongxian" to
reserve parking space. And users can check and cancel order
through button of "dingdan",
Based on these ideas, android intelligent parking
applications development diagram is shown in figure 2: on
the smart phone hardware platform, develop intelligent
parking application based on the Android mobile phone
operating system. We can divide the development into the
following steps: (1) Design application UI. (2) Design
database. (3) Interface translator (4) Achieves Service
services. (5) Improve and implement programs. (6) Package
software, sign the application and app released

INTRODUCTION

Parking problem becomes more and more universal

among most cities in our country, this not only disturbed
most motorists and the broad masses of pedestrians, at the
same time also caused great impact on public transport and
urban order. However, drivers still cannot achieve parking
information in time in the case of there have enough parking
space, lead to the parking big but useless". Difficulty in
obtaining parking space has caused extensive concern of the
society from all walks of life, researches on how to solve the
parking problems have great relationship to the people's
quality of life and the establishment of a harmonious society,
so obtaining parking information timely and publishing the
empty parking space information is of great social
significance.
II.

INTEGRATED DESIGN

The system composition principle is shown in figure 1,

consists of a mobile client and server side parking lot. Client
request parking information to server through webservice
interface, then parking lot server queries the database and
return the parking information to client through web -service
interface. The mobile clients keep real-time update status, to
insure the accuracy and the validity of the transient
information in the process. The parking lot internal server
not only implement information scheduling and parking
places state information acquisition, but also have a
independent management function, besides it is able to make
summary of parking information, parking reserved, dynamic
management, and other specific functions, to realize the
digital and intelligent of the parking lot.
978-1-4799-3435-5/14 $31.00 2014 IEEE
978-1-4799-3434-8/14
DOI 10.1109/ICMTMA.2014.182

THE CLIENT SYSTEM DESIGN


Figure 2. Development of block diagram

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B. The design of the smartparking application system

What the system mainly used are Android Application
Layer, Application Framework Layer, Common Function
Library, Android Runtime Environment and the Linux
kernel layer. We have used various components of the
Android
API
interface
to
develop
GPS
intelligent navigation system and web server interface,
besides, the kernel layer provides the corresponding
underlying drivers.

A. Design and implementation of the hardware

1)
CC2530 introduction
CC2530 is an IEE802.15.4 compatible system on chip
which Integrated enhanced 8051 core and combining the TIATACK protocol stack can set up its own wireless
communications network easily.
2)
The coordinator node
The design thought of this system coordinator node: We
choose Shenzhen JLX electronic companys Production
JLX12864G-086 which powerful and stable display as
Liquid crystal display module. The part of serial port were
using virtual serial port which integrated by the XWWKCC2530A module and driven by FT232 to establish a
reliable connection between RS422/RS485 and USB. And it
has the advantages of long distance transmission and good
anti-interference performance. The two modules are
composed of coordinator node structure diagram like what
figure 5 showed.

C. Design for interface and function

An Activity is an interface of the phone's screen. So the
Activity can be one of the most basic module of Android, an
Android application that we can think that is composed of
multiple Activity interaction, this can be mutually jump
among Activity. Different activity can achieve different
functions. The application of intelligent parking system
mainly include Logo interface, the host interface, GPS,
parking reservation interface, order query interface.

Figure 5. The coordinator node design

Figure 3.

3)
The acquisition node
Hardware architecture of acquisition node is showed as
the figure 6.

Function and interface design

D. The experimental results and effect analysis

Intelligent parking system is based on the Android
operating system which has the advantage of framework has
nothing to do with the development platform. In the design
of the system, take full the advantages of Android system
which is easy to transplant and has high efficiency into
consideration ,besides, use the Android system interface API
module, making the system whether the development
efficiency or operation efficiency both have a larger increase.
IV.

Figure 6. The acquisition node design

THE STRUCTURE DESIGN OF THE PARKING SYSTEM

The whole structure of the Parking System is showed as

the figure 4.

The pressure sensors are commonly used resistance

strain sensor, capacitive, piezoelectric pressure sensor. We
choose the high cost performance resistance strain pressure
sensor used in the system. A/D analog-to-digital conversion
chip we selected HX711 which has integrated regulated
power supply and the on-chip clock oscillator and so on
better than other chip. So it has the advantages of high
integration, fast response speed, strong anti-jamming etc.
Acquisition node should be connected to the pressure sensor
module in order to gather information of the pressure. The
amplifying circuits amplify and integrate the signals from all
the pressure sensors as the analog signal strong enough, and

Figure 4. The Parking System

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then the A/D chip convert analog signals into digital signals
processing and transmitting by the terminal nodes.
4)
The realization of the function between nodes
Coordinator node will wait for the terminal node join
network after it has set up Star Network. Once the terminal
node join network it will send Information that collected by
pressure sensor to the coordinator deal with at regular time.
And the time interval is 10s. The coordinator will timely
analyses what it received and control liquid crystal display
the information of parking space. At the same time it will
hand those information in PC machine through the serial
port help it using those information to update the database.
And due to the website call to the database to refresh
interface all the time so the user can through the liquid
crystal or search the Internet access garage parking space
information. The parking space monitoring flow chart is
showed as figure 7.
Epigynous machine will deliver signal of reserve to
coordinator when someone booked parking space A through
mobile clients or the garage control terminal received
information of reserve and press the reserve button. After
that coordinator will update what LCD screen display and
send those information to Terminal a make the terminal node
(TN) which is in charge of control the parking space flash
red in order to show this one has been reserved. And the
same applies to cancel parking space. When someone
cancels the reservation the LCD screen display will be
updated and the red will also be put out. Parking reservation
service flow chart is showed as figure 8.
5)
The realization of Hardwears function
The pressure sensor module is installed in the router
node and terminal node of ZigBee network in this system.
And the acquisition node have installed in a position of a
parking
space.
Of
course
multiple pressure
sensor modules can be controlled by a acquisition node. The
pressure sensor will send information of pressure to routing
node and terminal node which in charge of control once a
car parked in a parking place. And the acquisition node
which has received will package that information and
transmit to the coordinator through the ZigBee wireless
network. Coordination control LCD screen update garage
parking information and at the same time, through the serial
port to upload information to the database to update the
database of the parking information. So we can monitor
parking state at any time. The structure diagram is showed as
figure 9.


Figure 7. Parking real-time monitoring flow chart

Figure 8. Parking reservation service flow chart

Figure 9. Parking space monitoring structure diagram

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statement, DataAdaper is mainly responsible for generated

and filled with DataSet and DataTable after the Command
object
execute the SQL statement , While DataSet is
mainly responsible for the access and update data.
System administrators can look over a series of
information about parking space such as the current state of
parking spaces, parking state change history, parking
fee information and so on after he passed the authentication
login. Especially can reserved parking spaces for specific
users.

B. Internet Information Server Internet

IIS is a server which developed by Microsoft can
provide Web, FTP and Gopher services. It not only can take
advantage of every function of Windows XP Server but also
can publishing information on the Internet. IIS provide
ISAPI to extend the functions of Web server, and it can also
realize the rapid development of Web program through
ASP.NET. In addition, IIS also includes Microsoft Index
Server that can achieve the full text of the Web site
content retrieval and analyze site access conditions. Because
of the management function of IIS is based on Windows
XP Server, so it can make full use of the security service and
directory service what Windows XP Server provides. Its
Security model is based on NTFS security mechanism can
fully guarantee the security of IIS based Web site.

V. CONCLUSIONS
This paper studied on the smart parking system and came
up with a complete method to realize in view of the parking
problem. The system can not only help people more
convenient parking but also can make
management of
parking lot more intelligent. The test analysis result is
showed as Table 1. Further more, it has the advantages of
simple, convenient and economic practicability, at the same
time, can implement large-scale promotion and application
and can bring great economic benefits.

C. Database
Parking spaces is an essential part of parking system, so
we should set up the parking information entity to save every
parking spaces detail information. The parking
information entity attribute graph is showed as figure 10.

Figure 10. The parking information entity attribute graph

Table 1. Test analysis diagram

In order to Increase the security of the system, the

parking systems managers must through the authentication
in the login module when they want to enter
the administrator interface. So its necessary to create a
administrator entity to save managers information. The
administrator entity is showed as figure 11.

REFERENCES
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[2] Li Gang.Crazy Android lectures. Beijing: the book concern of
electronics industry, 2011. (In Chinese)
[3] He Yujie. Principle and application of database tutorial (Second Edition)
[M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2007. (in Chinese)
[4] Wang Xiaoqiang. ZigBee design and implementation of wireless sensor
network [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2012. (in Chinese)
[5] Chen Jianyuan. Sensor technology [M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry
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[6] Wu Qiang, Zhang Jie.Web design and development [M]. Beijing: the
book concern of Qinghua University, 2011(8). (in Chinese)
[7] Duan Keqi.ASP.NET based tutorial. Beijing: the book concern of
Qinghua University, 2009. (In Chinese)

Figure 11. The administrator entity attribute graph

D. The backstage management design

The background management interface of this parking
system
mainly uses ADO.NET
database
operation technology. And in the use of ADO.NET we
mainly used four objects that Connection Command
DataAdaper and DataSet. Connection is mainly responsible
for connecting
to
the
database,
Command
is
mainly responsible for generating and executing the SQL

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