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Key Structure
What will you be doing tomorrow?
A. Read these sentences are carefully. Pay close attention
to the verbs in italics.
Now
I am writing letter now.
We are decorating this
room.
He is working in the
garden.
She is getting ready for the
party.
Are you washing your
car?
They are playing football.
Tomorrow
I shall be writing letter
all day tomorrow.
We shall be decorating
this room tomorrow.
He will be working in the
garden tomorrow.
She will be getting ready
for the party.
Will you be washing your
car tomorrow?
They will be playing the
football.
We can say :
o Hell be arriving in a
minute.
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week.
o Shell be meeting you at
the station.
Exercise
Change the form of the verb in italics so that they tell us what
will be happening.
1. I am ironing the clothes.
2. The train will arrive in a few minutes.
3. Well see you in the morning.
4. We are watching the match.
5. He is correcting copybooks.
Special Difficulties.
Read these questions and answer. Pay close attention to the
position of the apostrophe (`) in each answer.
Whose is this car? It is Toms. it belongs to Tom.
Whose is this handbag? It is Susans. It belongs to
Susan.
Whose is this hammer? it is the workmans. It belongs
to the workman.
Whose are these copybooks? They are the students
copybooks. They belong to the students.
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3. GOOD NEWS
The secretary told me that Mr. Harmsworth would see
me. I felt very nervous when I went into his office. He did not
look up from his desk when I entered. After I had sat down, he
said that business was very bad. He told me that the firm could
not afford to pay such large salaries. Twenty people had already
left. I knew that my turn had come.
` Mr. Harmsworth, ` I said in a weak voice
` Dont interrupt, ` he said.
` Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra
100 a year!
Comprehension Prcis and Composition
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Key Structure
He said that. He told me
`I am busy he said
He says that he is busy.
He said that he was busy.
He told me that he was busy.
` I never work On Sunday, she said
She says that she never works on Sundays.
She said that she never worked on Sundays.
She told Mr. Harmsworth that she never worked on
Sundays.
I have just finish work, Mr. Jones said.
Mr. Jones says that he has just finish work.
Mr. Jones said that he has just finish work.
Mr. Jones told his wife that he had just finished work.
`I broke that plate, he said.
He says that he broke the plate.
He said that he had broken the plate.
He told me that he had broken that plate.
`Mr. Jones will see you now, she said.
She says that Mr. Jones will see you now.
She said that Mr. Jones would see you now.
She told me that Mr. Jones would see you now.
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B.
C.
Exercise
Supply any of the above words in the sentences below:
1. We shall use the spare room in our new house as a ..
2. Smith works in a lawyers.
3. She felt very . before the plane took off.
4. I can only . To pay 5 a week rent.
5. Since his illness he has been very . He is always losing
his temper.
4. A POLITE REQUEST
If you park your car in the wrong place, traffic
policeman will soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets
you go without the ticket. However, this does not always
happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. During a
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We can say :
5. ALWAYS YOUNG
My aunt Jennifer is an actress. She must be at least
thirty-five years old. In spite of this, she often appears on the
stage as a young girl. Jennifer will have take part in a new play
soon. This time she will be a girl of seventeen. In the play, she
must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. Last
years in another pay, she had to wear short socks and bright,
orange-coloured dress, if anyone ever asks her how old she is,
she always answer, `My dear, it must be terrible to be grown
up!
Comprehension Prcis and Composition
1. Is your aunt Jennifer an actress or a nurse?
2. Is she over thirty years old or she is under thirty years old?
3. Does she often appears on the stage as a young girl or not?
4. Will Jennifer act the part of a girl of seventeen in a new
play or not?
5. Does she ever tell anyone how old the really is or not?
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Key Structure
Must
Study these sentences:
A. Instead of Saying
o I must leave now
We can say :
Or :
Or :
C. Instead of Saying
o I, personally, think he is a fool
o I, personally, think he is mad
We can say :
He must be a fool
He must be mad
He must be over forty
C.
We can say :
Or :
Or :
o He possesses a lot of
Or :
money
Or :
o Does he possess a lot of
money?
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C. Instead of Saying
We can say :
7. SOLD OUT
`The play may begin at any moment, said.
`It may have begun already, Susan answered.
I hurried to the ticket-office. `May I have two tickets
please?` I asked.
`I` m sorry, weve sold out, the girl said.
`What a pity! Susan exclaimed.
Just then, a man hurried to the ticket-office.
`Can I return these two tickets? He asked.
`Certainly, the girl said.
I went back to the tickets office at once.
`Could I have these two tickets please? I asked.
`Certainly, the girl said, ` but they are for next
Wednesdays performance. Do you still want them?
` I might as well have them, I said sadly.
Comprehension Prcis and Composition
1. When was the play going to begin?
2. How many tickets did you ask for?
3. Were there any left or not?
4. Were Susan and you disappointed or not?
5. Who hurried to the ticket-office just then?
6. How many tickets did he return?
7. Where they for that days performance, or were they for
next Wednesdays performance?
8. Did you buy them or not?
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Key Structure
Can and May
Study these uses of can and may:
A. Instead of Saying
We can say :
B. Instead of Saying
o Perhaps he will come Or:
tomorrow.
We can say :
He may come tomorrow.
He
might
come
tomorrow.
He may have telephone
last night, but I`m not
sure.
He might have telephone
last night, but I`m not
sure.
We can say :
I` m sorry.
Weve sold.
Exercise
Change the form of the verbs in italics.
1. I havent seen him for three years.
2. There are not many people here.
3. He doesnt understand what youre saying.
4. She did not tell me she had not seen you.
5. I shall not stay a moment longer.
8. ONE MAN IN A BOAT
Fishing is my favorite sport. I often fish for hours
without catching anything. Some fishermen are unlucky.
Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am
even less lucky. I never catch anything not even old boots. After
having spent whole mornings on the river. I always go home
with an empty bag. `You must give up fishing! my friends say.
` Its a waste of time. but they dont realize one important
thing. I`m not really interested fishing. I am only interested in
sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all.
Comprehension Prcis and Composition
1. What is the the writers favourite sport?
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
TENSES
16 BENTUK WAKTU KALIMAT POSITIF
1. PRESENT TENSE
a. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE ( Waktu sekarang sederhana
)
Rumus:
A. Subject + To Be ( am/are/is) +
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B. Subject + Verb + .
Contoh kalimat :
1) Dalam kalimat nominal.
She is a new people here ( Dia adalah masyarakat baru
disini).
He is at office every morning ( dia berada dikantor tiap
pagi )
2) Dalam kalimat verbal.
They got to Hawai every holiday ( mereka pergi ke hawai
setiap liburan )
She goes to Bireuen every Saturday ( dia pergi ke Bireuen
setiap hari sabtu )
He plays Tennis every morning ( dia bermain tenis setiap
pagi ).
b. PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE ( Waktu berlangsung
sekarang )
Rumus :
Subject + Tobe ( am/are/is ) + Verb I + ing
Contoh dalam kalimat :
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( waktu berlangsung
Rumus :
Subject + To Be ( was/were ) + Verb I ( ing ) + .
Contoh :
o When he visited me, I was playing football ( ketika dia
mengunjungiku, aku sedang bermain bola )
o I was speaking English all time last Sunday ( aku sedang
berbicara b.inggris sepanjang waktu minggu lalu ).
c. PAST PERFECT TENSE ( waktu sempurna lampau )
Rumus :
A. Subject + Had + Been + ..
B. Subject + Had + Verb III + ..
Contoh :
He had been at garden ( dia telah berada dikebun )
I had played football when my nice cried ( saya telah
bermain bola ketika kemanakanku menangis )
The taxi had stopped before she come ( taksi itu telah
berhenti sebelum dia datang )
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( waktu berlangsung
Rumus :
Subject + shall/will + be + verb (ing) +
Contoh :
I shall be playing football at nice tomorrow afternoon
( saya akan sedang bermain sepak bola pukul Sembilan
besok sore )
Mr. Achmed Annur Elfairuzy will be going to Bandung
next year ( tuan Achmed Annur Elfairuzy akan ( sedang )
pergi ke Bandung tahun depan )
He will be studying French at one next Friday morning
( dia akan sedang belajar B. Perancis pukul 1 jumat pagi
mendatang ).
c. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE ( waktu sempurna akan
datang )
Rumus :
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Contoh :
I shall have been diging here for three mont by August
2005. ( aku telah menggali disini selama 3 bulan menjelang
bulan Agustus 2005.
She will have been seeking his darling for two mount by
June 2010. ( dia akan ( sudah ) mencari kekasihnya dua
bulan menjelang bulan Juni 2010).
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Should/Would
Have
Been
..
Have
Been
Should
You
They
He
Would
She
It
B. Verbal :
S
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Should/Would
Have
Verb I ..
I
We
Should
You
Come
They
He
Have
Would
Make
Ride
She
It
Contoh :
I should be here last Monday. ( aku seharusnya akan ada
disini senin lalu)
They would go a horse yesterday ( mereka akan pergi
dengan naik kuda kemarin )
He would be play volley ball last year ( dia akan bermain
volley tahun lalu)
b. PAST FUTURE CONTINOUS TENSE ( waktu akan
sedang terjadi diwaktu lampau )
Rumus :
Subject + should/would + be + verb (ing) +
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Contoh :
o We should be playing to you at one oclock last night.( kita
akan sedang membicarakan padamu pukul 1 malam lalu)
o She would be seeing to cowboy film last Sunday ( dia akan
sedang menyaksikan film cowboy minggu lalu )
c. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE ( waktu akan sudah
selesai )
Rumus :
A. Subject + should/would + have + been + .
B. Subject + should/would + have + verb III
A. Nominal
S
I
We
You
They
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Should/Would
Should
Would
Have
Been
..
Have
Been
He
She
It
B. Verbal
S
I
We
Should/Would
Have
Should
Paid
You
They
He
She
Verbal
..
Have
Would
Rung
Sawed
Said
It
Contoh :
I should have been at garden if you had bibden.( saya akan
sudah berada dikebun jika engkau memohon kepadaku )
He would have gone if he had met his darling.( dia akan
sudah pergi jika dia telah menjumpai kekasihnya).
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S
I
We
Should/Would
Have
been
Verb
(ing)
Should
You
Have
been
They
He
Would
She
It
Contoh :
Mr. Achmed Annur Elfairuzy would have been walking
here for seventeen years. ( Tuan Achmed Annur Elfairuzy
akan sudah bekerja disini selama 17 tahun ).
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