Homework #2 (Due 2/18, Wednesday)

1. A single-phase 50-kVA, 2400/240-volt, 60-Hz distribution transformer is used as a step-down transformer at the
load end of a 2400-volt feeder whose series impedance is 1+j2 . The equivalent series impedance of the
transformer is 1+ j2.5 referred to the high-voltage (primary) side. The transformer is delivering rated load at
0.8 power factor lagging and at rated secondary voltage. Neglect the transformer exciting current.
(a) Find the voltage at the transformer primary terminals.
(b) Find the voltage at the sending end of the feeder.
(c) Find the real and reactive power delivered to the sending end of the feeder.
2. Three single-phase transformers, each rated 25 MVA, 38.1/3.81 kV, are connected Y- with a balanced load of
three 0.6-, Y-connected resistors. Power base is 75 MVA and voltage base (base VLL) on the high voltage side is
66 kV. For the following questions, you need to understand the table with four connections shown on page 29 of
lecture note #3.
(a) Explain why 66 kV is chosen as the voltage base (base VLL) for the high voltage side.
(b) Which is the voltage base for the low-voltage side, 3.81 kV or . kV?
(c) Find the per-unit resistance of the load on the base for the low-voltage side.
(d) Find the load resistance RL both in and in per unit referred to the high-voltage side.
3. The below figures show a three-phase generator rated 300 MVA, 23 kV supplying a system load of 240 MVA, 0.9
power-factor lagging at 230 kV through a 330-MVA 23/230Y-kV step-up transformer of leakage reactance 11%.
Neglect the transformer exciting current and choose base values at the load of 100 MVA and 230 kV.
(a) Find IA, IB, and IC in per unit with VAN as reference.
(b) Find Ia, Ib, and Ic in per unit.
(c) Find the transformer reactance in per unit.
(d) Find Van both in per unit and in actual value.

4. Two transformers are connected in parallel to supply an impedance to neutral per phase of 0.8 + j0.6 per unit at
a voltage of V2 = 1.0
per unit. Transformer Ta has a voltage ratio equal to the ratio of the base voltages on
the two sides of the transformer. Ta has an impedance of j0.1 per unit on the appropriate base. The second
transformer Tb also has an impedance of j0.1 per unit on the same base but has a step-up toward the load of
1.05 times that of Ta (secondary windings on 1.05 tap). The below figure shows the equivalent circuit with
transformer Tb represented by its impedance and the insertion of a voltage V.
(a) Find the load current ILoad if the switch S is closed.
(b) Find the loop or circulation current Icirc if the switch S is open.
(c) Find the transformer Ta current ITa (= 0.5*ILoad - Icirc) and the transformer Tb current ITb (= 0.5*ILoad + Icirc).
*The superposition principle is applied.
(d) Find the complex power transmitted to the load through each transformer of Ta and Tb using V2, ITa, and ITb.