PJ6640 A17 A Sample Lexicon of Pan Arabic Ernest T Abdel Massih Sample Lexicon of Pan Arabic Mdp.39015001787368

A sample lexicon of Pan-Arabic / Ernest T. Abdel-Massih.
Abdel-Massih, Ernest T.
Ann Arbor : Center for Near Eastern and North African Studies, University of Michigan, 1975.
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Ccpypl9h-t Q
1975 byq neu.t T. Abde-Ma sis-U
AUZ ~g hises e ed
No pwt o j th o book ay be tPepdace~d in n
4~o Am withouwkittenpe~mjzsLcn c the auwthfrai.
fbiw7tLg o~ Cong~e6z Car~d WNubeAr: 75 - 18985
ISBN Numbed.: C-932098-1O-X
Second Ptr-&ztLng June 1979

Thud P ~v~g Jcanaax y 1981

Nl
"
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Fonewo d .d .....
Ackanow edg eexn ..tt..6
Irutcducton...0.000
LEXICON
......
INDEX TO LEXICON..
Table. o 6 Ca g'uLes
Categot.La. Lush65 0
NOTES
.00..
EngL,~.h
En'hiez
.,
. . . .
. . . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
109
171
113
151

iv
FOREWORDV
The. pnepwwaLovt o this Sam ple.Lexicon waA 4appo'L ted by the.
Un&' eitvs L yo6 Mchigan Centers 6 onN eats. EatVn and Nort~th Axcan
Stuct~.aats patst o jt gene/,a2 p/ogtwxn o6inets eacch and tr aini.ng on
the . Zcnguxtge/s and cuttw'CA o6 the .ae.z.We. Zookz owwLd to the.
continukaton o6 the. pwtject wiith the. addtiton o6 A Cate.9oi& Lexicon
o6 Pan-M zb Lc, Volu'me. 1: Ca ego' Leis 1-40, and, uwt ma te2 y, to the.
comp-Pemote. work, A Compiehensive Lexicon o j Pan-A'tctb_'c. We. axe.i-
debte~d to a/sZ-utance 6xom the. Un~vet't&&tq of Michigan and the Unite~d
States O{ Lce. o4 Education iLn accomp~%sW ng the. wo-fz to date..
W.V. S choig enx
V12&e~ ton, Ce~n-en bon Nea.xEa~te/n
and No-Lth A6'iucan StudA&S
The. Uve.vs&t y 06 Michigan

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
2 wish to thankz a)Zthous e who have hetped -in pttepalu n9 the &na~e mano.-
4 cA p~t o j the s4tudy. I am i~ndebted to the Ho'wx~ce H-. lacfiham S chool o j &adate
StuiLes and to the Centt S oI New't Ears 'tn and No-'Wi Ajt Lan Sta-ZeA at the
Un-ive-k&tq o jfMichigan, both o j whom aw~arded me -'eseatch gpi tut to -s appoAt.t the
j.etd wordh and the anaL ys&&6 o j the data. The rte seafcch t 'epotcted he'te ways a-&so
a4&&~uted by a gtran~t awiarded byj the Joint Commnittee o jthe Neaup. and M Ldd~e East
o the Soc a Science Res eatch Council and a )te, eaitch gttan-t awatded byj the
Ameiulcan Phto~s o ph-Lea! Societyi, whixich ae here g'u te~wCey acfanoweedged.
I am g'wztejuL to Ptwon~'. K. ALn Lthet, who ass then V-L'tecto'z. o~
the Centerit. -tNeat .EasLetu'i and Notrth A6'uican S-td.{ens a-t the Un~&etot g o6
Michig~an 64Zncetze~y -sppo-tted and eneowtcaged the /teeatch since -t6 ea.&et
.tag ens.
To P o~eoot. W-&P1iam D. Sehotgvt, p-'tezen~t VLtecto' o6 the Centet ot.
Neut Eastern and Notth A1~r,Lan Stu~d eis a-t the Un~v etas -tq o6 Michig an, I owe a
.sp ecLae deb-t o6 gttatttude. Pito 6e s 4on.S cho-4g etc.hats whoee- heatrted&g .uppo't ted
and enco wtag ed the Le s eaxzh {)uom the ve'Ly beginning. The Cen-teit de6'tayed the
co4o-&6 o typing and pubfJ-6 hang the man.rwAipt.
In addition, I wZ-ush to exp'tes4my1' thanzs to Ptco~eszof tz.'nu~t N.
McCaWAs, Cha -Pzman o6 the Vepatr nen t ofj Nea-'r. Eastvt.n StudLi6 at the Wn~eusLty
o j Michgan, and to Pt. A. Fwth y &h4g, Cwutttac Coons eot, Embas4 y'o jthe Ahtab
Repubic o6 Egypt, 6ot .theii't con4-t'wc ve itema!Lkv5, Zni~ght~u2obisevaton-s, and
enco wrag emen-t dwlr.ng the wo tfz on ~this -study. ThankA cate du~e to P/Lo 1es oIL
Waltace M. rwin, ChaiWtman o6 the P epaIti nent o j ktab.Lc, School o j Languat~ges
and Ltng u.s Lcis , Geortgetown Univ euZtqy, jot h o va &abee g g&enstdonAs and gt ea t
ZLntve6-t in the studyJ.
Thanks aire due to myj colleague PIzo 6e6so r. Raft- M. Rammuny, to Mxt. Saud
A-Ruhailqy, a g' aduto te stdent at the UnLve4 .t t o6 Michigan; 2 am indebted ~to
them jo-t theix he4p Zn checki-ng ~the PalsL n~an and Saudi eq wLva envtts . I
wooed tiLfe to than Mt. Mohammed Gutrteitee2, a g'Ladttate -stden-t at the Univet -Lty,
o j W a s h ngton, 4 or. his gr'eat h etp width ~the Motoccan A-'abLc vo cabu~eat ya-t an

vi
eat.Len'cstage o j the n ens ech .(1968-1971).
I am g iea~tyij-ndebted ~to Mt. Hatin L3. B&s hay~, Ph.V. codiLda-te
att the Uin Lv eit z4 tg o6 Michigan, bon chi&s devotiion, corscetiusn
grcea-t heap, and ceatvi ty duiu~ng the woict on the study; he aZlso ass-
zumred the. xbontLow6 e66o'n-t o6 ptzoo~uzead&cg the mccnwsc-zupt. I owe ac
-specLJ debt o6 g'cati~tude to Cecile Abde2-MasiJc 6bonchen vatuab~e heap
with the 6yieed wo-'cf and the 6 4etd data, son.c hen c4 exIuw ont on the
/stucdy#, son .arwetLvig my J nwnecab~e que16tcows , and botc hen patience,
en cowcag ern enrt and deep and eastan dLng .
I wo u~d tUe to expn'e~s my ,1nceIne thanks to M4. Susan Haxtvz,
Ph.D. candidate at the LU&'ie'v6-&tg o6 Mi'chigan, don. hetc dedi~cation to
~the studyi; hen't comments, eorvuttuctive tiemavs, and ccectv-ty wer'e ca
grceat heap thrcoughout the wot.. am gca-teuZ. to henc bon hen. patience
in typing the EngZ~sh and phonetic s~ectiLonso6 the /studyj; hen. hetp~jwtne&s
and dependabibt ty throucghout the wo'ii on thi&s 4tudy care deepP q app'cec z-ed.
In addition, than-s cate duce to M s. Sandy CoLnson bon,. h&L he ep
with the EngL?,s h typi~ng. To the A'cab-.c typi&t, Mr. JamczfiBs ha ab e,
who devoted h-im'se2e6to the task, I woud PJfze to expu's myg LIati~tude.
Eunest T. AbdeL-Ma'sLth
Ann Arbonc, MichiLgan
Jwuj', 1975

vii
INTRODUCTION
A.
Putpos>e. 064the. Study
The. pw'Lpo4 e 064 the. p'Le~s ent .tudy .us .to p'Le envt the. 'eadv L with a %6~s
06j basic high-{9Leqaencq 4spofze~n Axabc wox'~dosacmpansib e .i~n 6o.'in m tModexn
L~teiua~q Mab~Lc - wO'Ldi tlat aw.wi.deeq and Ct e aA y xecog n~zab.Ie with max imum
app1Lcabl tty tht oughow t the. Mrab coonttueA and ax'e thou exceLten meatus 06
commun ca tLo n 6o'L the.ws ex . The pxe.6enwt b&oC Lnceude s 5, 40 5 woa'rd (o6 whi.ch
5, 300 axe. compaiibte with Moder~n Lte'wt~q A'ab-ic) , 'epes enti ng -t4--W0
catego4uLes (Co~eoa'us; The. Ph y Lca eWoarned; Mank ind, Se~x and K..i bhi p; Mea2s, Fooces ,
vtuZnk and Co okling Utem t &, etc .) L.n a~ephab etLca o Tde}L accorLding to the
EgntUsh ent'zieA.
ThW e.66c'ut -us paw'ot 0 a much YJxgVLxVL tidy tha~t wileLpiroduce, among
other h.ng, A Caego'r iaL& Lexiconl o Pan-ArtabiiLz: VoLwrie I (Catego'ue! 1-40)1,
VotumeI i (Categour ie 41-80) , Vofeume III (Categotr~4eA 81-120) ; az we.Ui ats A
CornpLehen~n ue. Lexicon o Pan-ktrab~ic. The atte' wi2l be. a computeriuze~d d Lc-
ti onafu, -nc-&tcirtg aLZ 06j the. wo&'Wi n the 120 c e~g ot'uiens 06jthe. thr'e~evo~wne~s
mentione~d above., aAvuang ed atphabe t~zatty ,i~n 6ve pars t: Par/ut One.: Mode.rn
Lt tetar'Ly A'abic - Edcaccte~d Va ect - EngVush; Pa/u t Two : Educa-ted d &at~c t -
Modexn Li tevaxy kxab~ic - Engt&&6k; Pa/ut Three.: ngLLzh - Educatedd l2Za-ect -
M od ern Li t ea/Ly A'rab-Lc; Paxt Fouts: CW w'a, Eth no - and S o .Lo - ing uiistic Notes 6;
Paut F cve.: L cngLLvtic Lexicon.
B. Bac~zg'uoand Noes
In the. Lazt twenty yeats oxr. o, a grteat deaL 0o6 ftea t e ha's bee~n
p ubLe s h ed b y kxabz a~ well ad b y W enster'n 64cho&'a~ o n the eme./g ene.o06 a new Ln-
gw&~ot Lc phenomenon .in Wze. AVab WJo ld, nareey that o06 "EL evat e~d Educa-te~d A'Lab-c, "
1. d
i I rJ II ~l
tJ1,"aY6 o %e6e/uLe~d to as
"Eduaated SpolFze~n A1ab Lc,"~ c
"The. Midd e. Language.,"

viii
rI
t " ..L
I I
,~a
, "LJwIich
Us -the. common .gang tag e o6 educa-ted A-~cb4 a-2U o vvi. the Ahab Wo'u2d .
Thus
tevLatutce te2M us tha-t th-'waghowt the Mhab woaned, and
pac't curq i Egypt, thie -isa tendency among edkucated Attab4 to uw e
a .gangauag e which -vs a mbc-twie o f "Mo d e'n LiteluLhy kM ab-c, "
II ~ ~ ~
i it *-J ~~-~!,L~& pau sa,2. 6 otuw, and cettaLn
eatwte,.s {om the educa-ted dLa~ec-t. Theis e 6 eatLUAvLVcy, o6j cowixs e, with
the bacfzgtLoand o6 the 46pecdze, the deree o6 6~attmaLity, the na-tul~e o6 the
,situation, etc. Thus mixtuiie o6 "M od elcn Li te'La-'y AttabL&' and the " ELe-
vated Educated V La-ee c t"?hais been t etvied to Li the bite'uttwce ad In tet'L-
ktcabic, I1n teiL-Common Atcabi e, Middt e Language, and Pan-ktcab-.e. Thus 4vtady
em peo y sthe teutmn"Pan--Attab.Lc' - " e ____
.._I d
,J 1 i
acus cured by T.F. MtcheZZtLi hs CoP~ogu a- t A'abic: The Living Language o~
Egypt (London: Eng-PJs h LUnivv-' u tesP'Le,, 1962) - with e tta Ln modL&Lca-
ti onu : Lm-&t-ig the ups e o6 the teamn to I spoken k~abk'c woltd-s compat ib~e with
-he.-U Modelcn Li te'ta-y Altabic coLuntVLpa-'L-t6.
M~itche-PJwutteJ, :
A~s a o4po (ken mediumw, Zt L6 an exam pLe o 6 tha-t palz.ado x known to Lng u-6-t&6
azs a Scht 6p'tache and mnigh-t aptly be named Pan-AlLabic. (p. 10)
The educa-ted Egyptiatn, -then, upse4 Pan-A'ab 'c to ta, on a-s wide a tiange
o6 topic ,6 at the p-teo en-t -taote and degr'ee o6 unLi(catLon o6 the w tten
Lang uag e aLows, to eq ux'%&j fteitate I taq~u, SaacL-&~, M on'occanA , and
even Euto pean6s. (p. 11)
Pan-Ataib c "& the ntAu wt o6 the 46ptead o6 educa-tion a (L ov e'tc the Ahawb
Wotd, o6 -tecen~t nctkeaA ed contac-t among A'tab4 o6 dieLen-t coun-txieAs, and o6
the manyj oppo'Lw
"~tes 6o'L daly commwnication on vats Touts LeveL6. It .Us al&so
the %u tetit o6 the 4Lnce Le de-4Ute o j the 'uaLe o and Leadeu o6 the mode'tn Atab
W o-t.d to 'teach the macx4es Li the Pt"-6 peeche- Li thus ve/Ly Lmpo'r tan~t e~a - the
elca o6 Aiuab conventions~ and o6 mutwual unde' standLng th oagh the common
Language, Pan- A-tab Lc .
Thus phenomenon ceea-'Ley dernon Wta eA tha-t, with the -sp/tead o6 educa-tion
and with inc eatsed in teL-A'tab contact,;the educated A'Labs have teaC Lzed the
im po'tance o6 e~eeva ting theirt daly speech to the Lev e2 o6j Modtn Li te1'tcy
Atab c, which .us the o JLciaL Language o o vvt 12 5 m Z&o n Alkab.s, the Lan-
guage o6 the 'tLch ktab hettitage, and the mean~s 06 commn-unication among the
educated membepi o6 a-C2 the Artab count~is. Thus phenomenon is hete
'teieted to as the "Ceats4Lciza .tLon o6f the Atab-ic Via-Lect6"

ix
It has been notwed in the. tte.'wtw'te. that Egyjpt.vs the. p!ace whetce the
newly e~m etgingPan - Aab.Lc
be.ing used, a~thcug h
.i~ n e.ita bLqyd ev e.op.Lngin
the. /Les lo Jthe. Atab WoaTtld as we.).2.A 6n th et t t-eniento 7lP'w 6. &bitcheZL wilt
be. Leevan-t.in T[hus connection*
Egppt, cw'zr.ab~j place~d azs 4he .v-s cwt Zy, poLt ic.aZ~y, G eagoph Lcaq,
and demo tphlcaZtj, and with the consciousnes of 'own LangLage' t~ha~t ,o
mnanyj o4hen peoupleenjoy, has a
pen d doppot n~itq to give theZead in
-thus6 I to e matter to the tIeAst o4 the. Axab worned. The . awrhov a "v&e gi~am-
maxus, dl c io naz~ee, and o Ithe -&aw-giving bookfs mw t be. witte~n and comnpiled
by Egyptians heme.Lves, JtsItheyq atone. atemays5tx6o theax own LangLuage.
(p. 12)
W-tchett a z o xema'th4 :
* .-hexe axe. 4~Cn6 tha-t an Egyptian wxZ..tte~n Langage s /stcaggt?~ng to
emer/ge.; the dialogue o6 some p~aguiZgh t, jot eexample., -us de etibexateey con-
tuued to con~aorrn to bothA w-4tte~n and cooqLaL wsage.. (p. 11)
Sa2ih J. Attoma, Zn "Language Edation in /the A'wb Coan txeA and the
Role o /the A cadern Ve o, " CUqA1t T Lends Zn Ling u. tie~ 6 (The HagLue.: Mouton 9
Co., 1970), wtteA that I btaJm Anus, a Leading Egyptian Zng u%&t, Zn hLs
Muss tagbwt Al- Lug ha Al- ' At'abl y a AL- Mws h.aa, C ao, a 960 utute o -the I n-
t-Commo n rbic Languag e.;the. iciantoZa t o n u mine.), pte~sen-tthe Zanguage o
eduated Egypt an s asthe. po4.Z.b~e Jw:CwzeLe.anguag e.jotsaP l krab co un t-ez . Au
cites -oeveIxal ac tox4 6avotr (ng 4such devielopments :
a) Egup-t isthe Zaxge t 4zng~e A/Lab county Zn population;
b) 1t enjoy poYV%,Lcal and cu% tw'LZprestige no-t equaie~d by tha-t of o-theA'
A/Lab coaunt tens;
c) Egyptian krtabtc xep'eze~n t6othe. spokaen vaxtety mot wI deb'qyuwse~d Zn -Ct.L-
a-tule., moviZes, adlo ptwygamw and whcen. modes of exptz~es4Zon. (p. 692)
The newy eerxging .Language 4 Zndeed a b~eo-Zng o' ktab4 as we.Z as
box non-naiv'e/students of Atablc. In the 6oPumet'IZnstance., Pan-A-'.ab~c can be of
grFeat se Zn ihe. ptepatat o n o J Arabic Zanguatgetextbooks oatziUetxacy pxo -
tLamo5 and e.lemenitary -4choos , as wellZ at Zn the pxepaxat On oJ textbooks jot
the. entiWee. eeme~n tcuuy eri7ng -stage. C errtalnl y thierxeaxegte~a t educa-tonal
bene.cit6 ox a c vast gxzade pupil who begln4 - s chooL by Leading and wx-tZ~ung words-
tha-t axe. Zdentcal with the. spofze~n anguage. he. aes at home.. Pan-A-tablc can be.,
and has been, /5acce-&/ wuly u e~d Zn mass media, Zn Znter- --Mab communication Zn
ihooZo, un ve6LitZe-s, co n~exence4o, conventons5, and otherx ga/iht x~ng4 o J educa-

ted Arazbs. In thi-s connection, we.is houed rem emb errthe.Imp olrtan-t tole tha-t the.
Egyp-tian wqLve.-tgets Zn g enetxa, and AL-Azhax UnZ'ivutq Zn pa'tticuweax, play
in the. ktab and l4Ltam-Lc Wot&Lds: the jone,'.us the. centteA of highvL
edLcation jot handeds o6 krab sttde~nfz {iom va'u ou, Arab couti&eAs; the
toatte'i ,usthe. most iimporutant Izslami~c center Ln the wod.
Fo'r-non-na~tive. tuden /sattending A/Lab univ et. t ters onL 4studyitg
A'Lab~4> and ideawtedd sLedck a-t -he'Lhome . ivvtLtieu6, Pan-Akabic Lothe
kfund o j Zanagaage which can pt an end to rcu~inLn~Rangu~age 1nW/t'La-
t 1o nis. TiLme. and tie again, wse.have. ob4 e~iwe~d our. students' paiLn u.L
di-6 appo4intmenut at d Iscovetuing .he~.-.nabi&btty to communicate with Anacb4
whops e. d t&at~c t6 the~y have not /tudied.
W'Jth 'Le-tpec t to the. Za teA poicnt, Mictche L atzeA t:
The. ueston may 'Leaonab~y be. pose~d as to whiLch 6okcrn o4 Arabic the jo'-
eign ZeaIcneIL4ihou~d iSLPt ~be taught and the. k ght an~swVLtn the cWVrtekt
.Ltuat o n .vs undoub-ted ey Pan-ktab~c . Sut the./e.4tenLhe. may wish to Lear'n
one. o6 the. many fUvcin9 6o-4in6 o4 ktabc and the queztion again cvs es, whichi?
In the. ab~sence o any i~ndication ao to the parrticutatL coakvty rmos4t ikely
~to -Lnteineut him,, the-'e can be no doubt abowt the ants we&L. Egyptian 6-Z sm
COie. seen and the. Egyptian rLadio heatd in evue. y Ar~ab countiig and Egyptians5
teach i~n .ochoo&6 {nom Kwait to Libya; Lt .o hwndt y 4w'LpruSn9, ;Che'Le.60'e.,
tha~t the. Egyptian co22oqwu~aZ -us much b e tteniL known than any otherL. In ad-
d,t ion, ithats advanced jw'rthetui. than othvL ,cottoqwiawtsaong the -wad to
2Lnuusttc .independence., jotLther~'e exxAto a ceay 'ecogn-czab(e no/tinto
which educate~d Egyp-tian wage co n6 oumo. Standa~ds axie . et i~n Eg~ypt by
~the cw~twted c2az s s i n Caito. (p. 12)
S.A. Hanna and* N. G/Leus , in the.it Beginniing krabi~c (Leiden: B.J.
B/Wi2, 1972), Zn~joit~m us:
. . . by cjani.the. Zang e.4-t kab counts y .us Egyp-t and the Lang e/s t Mtab cen-
-te . us Ca&Lo. The. eduate~d -peech o6 Ca-1-'Lo may the'ejoLe be. consdeied
pat-ccuiwaty Ly /.6ccan-t /Lom ithe pount o vi~e~w o6 the Eng-Po h sh peaFze-L who
.vs .too king 60/L a means o j communica-tion with a maximum appYicabLfJty
-th~'o ugh out the. krab co untu'LteA. (p. 3)
The. seame authotu/Lepot:
In June. 1965, A'rab-~c teache/Ls /Lep/Le4 entcing j otiiLteen Am-e.can un tustA-tA
ag/Lee~d dui-ng a wo'dztshop tha-t -L -pokae~n kab-. -us to be taugh-t, Ca iAene
A/Lab-cc -us p/Le.ie.t}Le~d. (p . 4, n. 1)
An -cmpottaknt iole in the. development of th-U new phenomenon al&C oven~
the Aab Wlotd ./s bei~ng playe~d by t ad-Lao, TV, the pne., and, mo4st pankt c cauai-

Zy, by RadiLo Canto, Egyptian (ims and theeadling Egyptian new papelus , Al-
Ahitam and AL-Akzhbwt%. The. pttezoent -tudy aoi Pan-A'tab-Lc LncLade4, thvnejlo-'e.,
not onmy spoke~n educate~d Mab-Lc, but a o -&it~s wrLtte~n (printed) 6 oitmos , such
ass -4ho'vt o'ie/, p~ay~s, newelpapetus , and the. med-a.
xi
WhiIte Pan-Arab Lc has Long been tcecogn.Zzed byj A'ab~s and W estetan schot&vtus
ass the mo t signai{,canvt 6 o'w7 o6j A'abiLc, nothing o6 ptac cat importtonce has6 been
pubf..zhed on it; -indeed it hats 4s caIcce~g been /stcd-ied. The Le/Latwe te L6 w
that. in tvL- diac ec toeeducated Atab is ,- "a rma -tt whichthas t ec e,Lued Ltteat-
tention 6t'wm densctt ptive tnwLeots n g enettat and AtabLs5i.n piuticu~aO (H.
&&znc, Con-t butioras to A'tab-Lc LngwLt&cs, Hoavawtd Unive~zity 'Pt'ez, 1960) ;
and that "vvuj y 6ew s4chot as have been c~oncetned with the CtasLca2 Mrabi&z
Lang uage a s wsed oiuzLL y ot with the I nt e/tr e ao noshLp o6 C i1s&ca2 and Colic o-
qwia e n actu~al speech ztonhs" (C.A. Fetguwon, op. Cit. , p. -i .Z) . FW'rthey:
"Spokzen CZ scaL Ata&ic., to whiLch Ltittt e spec46ic attention ha~s been devoted,
hays c evta in conv evt ionos o6 its own, whiLch di, jetc tom the p'tet.'t ,ions o6 the
cixuzz-LcaZ ytcammari anus "CR. Hatef, op cit., p. 3).
At the M~dcL e Earsterm Stacdies5 Asso cti.Lon C o njetenc e at Pato Amato ~i
Augut, 1973, on the "State o+C the t 4 n M-ddt e a.te'n Stdi.&, " the - L2 d
andeir. which the tPopicoj the p'te4ent 4tadqy 6aL.Lz kec e~Lved top pt-io-'utq. The pa-
pet on li nguut Lci tatted g~otto-dnem c. 4taci m s athe ntes etch o6 h~gherst
p'ri orty, mentioning 4pec L caLty the study o6 the 'Leg Lona2 standca-'d ciatec 's
o6 ktab Le. and th e ,'t ntezptay with L~itevuv yq tab~ic, thent ta-tw6 n.cni.ety,
etc. It was noted that nothi~ng o 4 4abstfance had been pub~Z hed on Al.
White CLtassica2ektcabLc, " I
I, " the Language
o j the HoLtj Ko'an, and Zt6 tuLn, Mo dean LiUtetcuvty Akwb-c, "
l, I,
the o Wi..c~aLeLtang uag e o j the Atab W ot'r2d, alte te at ive ey uni o.'ntmhtoughou t the
ktab coun tt Zez, Atabic diazlects -s how cet a in dLijeLenceus{tom one Ah'ab count'uj
to anothvtL and ace, inLnwn, d{Y66tent jtcom Modern LUttuvtcy A'abic. Howevt,
the phonofog.caf. and mo'tphotog.Lcat diUvteene4 betw~een Mode'tn L-itetcan'y A/ritb.Zc
and one ot 'ev etaLo6 the d-&zitect6 can be s~tated in te'unz o6 a 4 hott debsctAp-
tLon and a 4se t o6 'we. In addition, the 4yntaxL of L tex'vq A/Lab-&c and that
o j the coL~oqw.La&, ace, joitunateJt~', Zatgety paxattet. ThLus btr ng4 wa to the
co nctusiio n cdawn by a numb eft o j chotts: the cI.iej 40wutce o j cL4{ Lc1Ltq Ln
the artea o6 Pan-Ak~abLc ties not iLn pho notog.Zca e and motpho togicaZ-zsyntac t Lc
dt66e'tence6, bautathet -Ln LexiLca i6etenets. It 6oLtow6s, theteote, that
the p/Time concern og the ptesent 4tudy mnut conceivt.te on the Llexcca2levet,
'tathei than on any of the othert eveLo .

xii
C.
The. Pt'eent Study
Pt~e.m inn y p! anninq an'd wo'iJz on the. pte~ent study began -i 196E
w-&#h a i~e~v Lew o j a gt~eat deal o 6 .&to a-tw'e on the. topic, and with ct%5-
cus&1ov4 wth educate~drna-tive. 4 pexdaekito de.tehrminethe. vatiC-i d~ty o6the.
pizo je~ct. HoweveAc, ac tut wortz on ~the. pilot p'w je~c t, o6j whi~ch thi&s Sam ple
Lexicon -is a te swbt, be.gan -in the.sp/piLng o6 1973.
The. ptceent Sample. Le~xcon us but a vetLq 6ma2Y po'Lton 06 the Pan-
At'~ab Lc ptwjec t. The. mai3n objective. o46he. study, whe~n comnpleted, ,Ls to comnpl~e
A Categ o'ti Lexicon 04 Pan-ktcab Lc and A Comp zhns.ve Lexi&~con 01 Pan-kLab.LcL,
t'e.j evLe~d to in "A" above.. The. Cate~gotu ia2e Lexicon wi.CL be. aAvan e~d ctccwixl cng
to its 120 cawtegoiteA (e.g. Agucwttw e., Co~ov, c othng, Cooking, Vtv~nk45,
Educa-tion, Enttainment, etc.) and its appwox ima-te2 y 360 4ub - ae~g otL~en
(e.g~. 6ot'L Agtucitte.: Fatrming, F~eLd, FPoweius, F'wtzS, Nut4, Sp-Lce.- , Seedsk,
TooZt, VegetabJ.e. , etc.). e6eiLence. wlt& be. made. in the. Cornp!Lehen6-ve Lex.iicon
to the. c atego.'uj n whiZch a wor'd s Lo s i4.ied .
The. advantagets o, choo-&Lng Educate~d Egyptian Ahab-Lc act 'Lep'Le2 e~nttng
the. not'un o6 an Educa-te~d Spa fae~n Aiab 'c idiLom have. been d i,cuss'se~d -n "6" above:
i&t is the.J6o-'un o6j A-'abc that U w.LdeLyj and cfieca q -'e cog n -zabLe wi.th max&-
mum appL-Lcabi&tj tk htoaghowt the. Atub cou~nt e s, and ,Us thw6s an exce&Vent
means o6jcommunication 6otL the. use m
In the .summer o06 1974 (June. 18 - Augs-t 27), 1 wenvt to Egyipt n
wrtdvL to tape.tecoILd 6i.&cL data, to o bpse.ve and %Lecot d sages 06 E everte~d
Educated Egyptia'n AMab Lc, and in aitde!!.tostudy it~s deg'Leeo 06 cWze.-cna tLwn
and acceptaibZ&ty in Egyptian soc-Le.ty.
A La-g enumb e. o06 recoir-dting 06
Rado Caw& ob-'oadcaMAz wetre. made., coveir.Zng ~the. pe.t.Zod 06 June. 19 - ALLuut
25, 1974.
R~adiLo Ca-&ro has bee~n ire.6etizre~d to by is4cho~curv6 as an exceiuen-t
PLepe-oentat iv e. 06 Pan - A'LabLc . RPchatd HwV ureL no-tes :
Log-Lca2Lq, there. ax-e. exce.Zent breats o vt 6o'L choo4-. nng the.ups ag e. 06jthe.
Egy'ptian, 6/oadcabtLng Ser-vice. ass a .'re.ie.6entactveva'r iZety 06 'poze~n
C& s~o-LcaL A'abic. Pw/Ie.L2j in teu o06 quantity, 'r-dAco bir-adca.st6piwbabL~y
make. up the. bwtiz o06 /pokae~nCLa~sLcaLe kr-ab Lc which occurl in the. A-'ab
-WoirLd, and Egyp-t is bh 6wrc the. Leadetx in bir-ad catJng ac tv.i ties among
the A'rab nations5. (c;-xcit., p. 4)
The . 6ieLd /%ecow&Zdfng cov er-ed a g/'reat va'r--e-ty j 0 to p Les : J6ea twke
ptwgtr-amo on women, hour w-iv-,chid-en, students, LaborLets, and czut tow-

xiii
i Se wvuie otded. Aside 1jiwm news ptwgtwxns and ptwgams o6 newu~s commentaJLyJ,
,spec -aZ 4ea tWLeis wve tape~d 4uch ad "Atownd the St'teet Com'n," "Science and
Li, "PopPe and Summrse," "Open Meetng," "The S.to'rg o6 a FZb," "A New
Book,"1 "The Wlo td o6 S po trJco, " "Out ChLed/Len Ab-'wad," "With younig Peo p-ee, "
"Just a Coapee o6 olcd, " "Good Mo/L'ting, " "The L stevte, Mai2, " "A MedaJ. Ir.
thus Citzen," "A Song and a Sto/Ly, " "The Va-'rietq Magazine, " "The A-Ut Maga-
zine, " "Peope in Sinac," "Wicthi the VoLung L etaw)y F-cgw'Lez," "F'ti{idcy S/w-cceps,"
"S eAmo n4 ," "The Hfoieq Kowan, " "Swunday Se'w~ice/s, " "The Ptie44 TaYef, " "The Woul~d
PPies4," etc.
The above 'Leco'd~ing4 we'ie peayed Soi. a nurnbet. oiSeducated Egyptians6
IteplLesekt cng vatt~ow6 waeki o j iiZe : unvuve L4 ty .4tadents Zn a. numnb etc o 6 6-eed5,
eng neeto, ZawqeAus, 4chot aiu6, admi t a toes, e-tcz. The pwtpo4 e heice was to en-
gage the/ e peope Zn conve'usatiovas concenning a. ce'-a 'top'c (one {~tzom the
-ages) and ob.6 ve -te,L 4,peesh, pa Zficu a01-iyon the Zexic . Leve~.. (I aw,- un~e
tha-t spofzen Educated A'Lab-ic. va/tne6 {tim one set o6j eu2-tt co nd3JY-o n6s to ano -
the>., out. jiwm one Znd~iv~idua eto anothe'ri. Vatria.tio nos and s pec ca2e usages6 wVie
noted.
Topics and s~emantic ca teg o'u ie wer'e then tabula-ted and LexkcaL -items
wei .e e2Zec ited Zn pw iuaIL contex-ts. FoiL exampee, 16 coLo'us, "tted, " "g/teen, "
and "blue" o erccwved Zn a digs cowt'o e, o-th e'L eo to sw&/e e ic,&ted by asking
/Jpea atfze questons that wowed jtwmpt .they.i P~eA pon6 es . In connection with co-
Lotu6, JettL Znvtance, 6Zeed no-teAsshow that the ma. j o'u ty o6 non-bays-.c coLotus
we'Le s ppYe ied by iSemae speafavi m.
Viw ctsZ~o nos w4th educa-ted g y ptLan4 Zn Ca -Pro and Aexandu is co ncvxn~ng
newvspapeu Ieveaied the irnpo'rt nt act that these peopLe arsLe a.tt,~acted by Lea-
twxe co&unnvs - dail~y oiL weekly - morLe than by anythZig eLe Z.1n the news papVL.
Appatcen tty, eofunnA have .the ZL own tylW t i e.a t ac ttono6. Because o6 the tim-
ted space o 6 the column, the w'u teI s es a moit~e ne axed, mo'r-e 4iptLi Sed 5tyee,
and (keeps to the basic and most {keqaente- wsed vocabuaiq. The WI teJL 'Zoncen-
t'w teA on conveying an .idea, withot puwtaming any bwtcden on thje -'teadecaL ax IsCU
s~tyle ote vocabwury .us concvtcned. The ijavoIL-teo o many ZL the 6eatwtre eoCumn
Fita "
Amin
" "An Idea, " by the g& eat wtu t&, Pizo jes6sso'. ALL
. The column indeed qtaaLL5Les a~s an exee Len-t ex-
ampLe o6 ptact~cae ModvtLn L tvAy/Pan-A-tab~ic.

xiv
The. 4tady o65 neLaJpapeA co~ewnAis 6 gIeat nte/Le/st in tThus con-
nection. Manvy o6 my Egyptian { lends have toed me tha-t the p!esence. o6 a
nwmb eL o4 e. eLten-t jeautwze.co~amnzt in the. Ca-&w news pape.i A2- Akzba-'has
prmn p-ted many eduica-te~d 'eade.us o AL-Ah tam to /Lead AL-Atahbat'L ass wee2L. I ways
toed, int fac-t, that many Lead A-Akhban .i6They have. the tim ne01 on~ey one
news 6pate}L. O6 the Zatvs 6eatwe. cotw-nn4 (numbeing moane. than
wenty) , I
wZ&& mention o ofy a 6 ew: Fk~a, "An Idea," by ALL Ain; Maua -L , "S~tua Lio nos, "
by Anus ManP T,; Ma QaL2 wa daft2, "In a Nut heUf, " by Ahinad At -Saw-il; Nahw
a~T-JPn, "TowacvwLi Lght," by Mohame~d Zafa- Ab de -Qade.n; and, 6-Lna-e&ty, Kae bna
MiLn AL-Man i'&, "A Wo-'Ld 6/win the Editon, " by Moita~a AmiLn. At-Akam o 6eue
6e.We.-k6 ea tu-e. co~umnA than do ens AL-Afahbaui&, p'wbab-e-y ten, a~tZ o6 which arse. ex-
c e.-Cent. A nwrmb en o6 them an e. e~x e~m e.y po pa~ea'. To mentilon a 6 ew : Min
Ghay ' Unwan, "Without a T{tt e.," and SabahtAt-Khan~, "Good Mon'tunng, " by Kama-e
c2-Matakh, fad~ith aL-Nwas, "Peop1e'4 TaJl," by AUL f-amdL af-Gamma!; and, o6
cou' oe.,the. exce.Ltenvt co~w-nnzs o6 I hisan Abd At- Qaddw s.
Thus phenomenon has Zed me to co-tect a!L o6 A&-Akzhbai'4 6eatw'Le.
co2-umnzs 6o-'r the pe o d June 19 - August 27, 1974, as~ weLLass a gneat numb el
o6 At-Ahyramr'- eatw~e. co~wnris.
The academic2 yeaA 1974-1975, my zsabbwti ca e yeahvz, was devoted .to ths
4-Ldy . in 6pate o6 the. 6ac t tha-t the -e-&e '.-twne v -idcate4 tha-t Educa-ted
Egyptian k~ab~ic u a .6uwLtable bao-s s on' Pan-A'wbic, thus ie./seaLch did not
p!Loceed on the. ba4-&s o6 /such an a~osw-ption. in May o6 1974, 1 wo/'dze~d with a
4sampee. of 300 bas~Lc high-neqaency woandcs, chteckilng the. compatibZUty ( =
-&im-~au~y)o6 Edate~d Egyptilan A~b~i c with Modertn L~te caxy A'Lab-i c on one.
hand, and the. cornpa-tkb- lLty ( = .6ii&nLty and/ott itecognLzabiL-&! ty) with Syrian
(-teptten~vtilng Eaistetrn Aihab Lc) and Mo-'zaccan (tepLes entiLng Westertn ktabic) on the.
others hand. Ot o6 300 won'td6 (with onVy a modticum o j 4t'actute wo'td-e), 293
Egyptilan wor'ds wve. cornpatilbte. with Syr.uiLan and 289 with Mo'taccan. Speaki-ng
06 st6tc en-unnthis connection, we. mnight m-entilon that the.SampLe Lexicon
a atotaL 06 5,405 wottd6 06 whiZch 5,300 Educated Egyptian A-tab-ilc wanr-ds a'te
compatibLe. with Mo de.-tn Li te/Lwtuy kt.b-c, and an avvt.age. o6 5,278 ate compatible
with th~e. Lnv eisti gated eduacte~d dite~ci (S y/Lo- Lebano -Pateo tiLn Lan, Saudit,
Kuwaiti, and Moto ccan) .
The. 6-LnaL anaey.6-i6 wtiL, o6 coutuse., der.'-Lbe those. pa'L-tcuLl/

xv
jea uttes o j pho no.og y, mo'qvho2og y and syntax that chaxacte'kz e EduLca-ted Egyjp-
tian and d .L ,ngw~ush ,t jiwm Mode-tn Ltetiwaq kAtab.c and OIhVL Atcab.Lc dLatects .
The ma jotILij eces, howeveA, wU&P.cetctain-q be -i the Lexicon, whiLch cones e-
qaen y qw~ be ~the mo4st c aciaL waLea to be obise'a'ed i the deetopmen~t of Pan-
Atab.Zc. I would tikfe, theiejo-'e, ~to go Lnto /s ome detail with -'iegaiLd to the
&ea nen tof this asspect ofthe t)Leaevc..
The 4e2ecton o j a -%It iLep'Lesenv-ting ~the most appiLop'it ate ex~caZ
-&term ways an inpotait j-&ut ztep . A .&g&st was Leqw&ed which iepties en ted an
o' '&ztZv.Lew o j the Language, -Lnc~dng the macj o-uty ooj ba's-Lc and h-Lg h- Jieqauen-
c y vo cabw uj -y tems 4uZ ta'Le jo1% c2atss4 Lca Lo n -i sev e kt wtw'aL ca teg o't-LeA,
e.gj. Agtucw~twie, Paxte to o4 the Body, C~othing, Co~o'us, Food, Geogt aphy,, KiLn-
.shiLp, etc. A Lust cormbinving . eve-'iae ex ustLng Lsto ways then compiled {tom the
vo cabutavxq .Lemn s Lnctaded -i the jottowc ng :
a. The F . H .Ak&t- LL
The Bas.Lc Vocabu ~'jo the A'cbLc Pit-maiy Reazding
(Vamasc ws , 1953). 10,164 wo/'i4,: a s t a t , U-teaZ an azu 4o 4 ete
A'iazb.L& /eadet ws ed iLn e~Pementtwiqy .ochoob L i Egyjpt, Lebanon, S ypi-Za, ItLaq
and SaudiL krttb-La, showi-ng j/LeqLuency o o ccwtrtence .
b. The M$. &'z L2 Lst, The Bas-Lc WoiLd L&usts o the AMabLc VaLty New4pape't.
(Je/wvsaLem, 1940). 5,9g81 wog.c so new6 pape-'i ktxtb-.c coZPec toe e-ieeni
1937 and 1939, 4howiLng {9LeqLuen(2q obi occwtuience.
c. E'cneo -t N. McCcv'~ws and RafLi M. Rammunq, " Wotd Count o j temen-tanq Mode4n
LL tV'.a/'y A'tab-Lc Textbook&'" (Cen-te' jo Re-/sea-'c~h on Language and Language
Behav-Lot, Ann APiboti, 1968). A ewnL at~AveL&s~t o j aU.wo-td-s ocewvi-ng in
eleven e~ementatiy Modevin LLtetLyu kab-Lc textbooks used iLn the United
Staters, with Eng&Uh mean-Lng.s; ovvt. 3,500 woizd6, 4how.Lng 6/LeqLuencf o j
o ccLVL/ence.
d . Mohamnmad Qand t2tAt-&Bat , W a hdat aLe- am-th 2 at- ' cure.a cZa- bi,2ad
a.2-'a'ab Lyya (Common Pi oveiubb -in the A'iab Coavv'x e ) (Ca &w: 1968).
1, 055 p)Love!Lb-6 commonly w ed in te A'iab cow1-ti-e. The book -cs divided
.into eight topees: advice, moiwafs, economiLcs, WO)Ldis o
isdom, pouP-t, c4,
wa/uv~ing46, and edartion (a LC,-U5t o6j 3, 000 woiL&6 wasl compiied j u~m thus
WOtdz - ieqLuencq o6 o cczwvienie shown).
e. A List o6 aUL the wo/cLs that o ccwV~ed -Ln the j ea twube columirn F-LkMc, "An
Idea," by, Pe en.o'. AUAmiLn. (F'iom the Egyjptia~n newespapeA A2UAJ hban. ,
June 19 - kugwtst 27, 1974). This -is an ex-t~'eme~q populater dai2c,' column,
one whiLch .us -'ead byj almo~t evetj educa-ted Egyp-tian. An avetrag e column

cork&-c-&t6 oo6 abowt 250 woz4~ds: thus y-Le~di a total o j about 16,000 WO-Lds
({inequency j o6 ccw vence shown).
~.ChtLes Feuig ws on and Ma jed SaiLd, Lex-Lca2 V atLants -LiA-'zab-Lc V-a ec-to
xvi
(Waigton, .C., 1958). A comp ehens-.ve L-st of 280 .items, with
eqwvc~anc e4 in Mo dean Li tvwLan
kcab. ctand the Egyptian, SyptZan, I nq Z
and Monawcca~n d-aec t.
g. The. Mo'uA%' Swadelszh wan'd &,szt, "TowxvncL- GteateIn Accuacyjn Le~xico4ta.-
tis Vati,"ng," (Itevrna tiona.Z Joannao oA ke/'tccan Lin u &6tics 21,
1955, pp. 121-38).
200 watt s Iep'.e1entiivlg niveXv5aZ ctw~54-cL&~UL.
. ejnt Lc. a/ ears: patscto 06 the. bodyj, nwV l af.A, e.tc.
h. A Z~t of coZZoqwia2 wotid. (about 7,000) :taife.n ma-Ln.Cy {rm: Richanid
S. Hfaiu. eLL2, A Vict~oncvinqo6M oxoccan Ariabic (G eoIr g e~own Univ ety~&~
PI e s6, 1966), Kat2 Sto ways e,'i and Moazhtcvr.AnZ, A V c ionma.y o S .k-can
A~'i~abc, GeaoIg e.own UnLv eitu& y Press, 1964), and the. twbo vo cabuE'cai-q
i&sts (LEXICON) at the end 06 E'uiei/t T. Abde Z-Mas~h, An intitoductLion
to Mowaccxtn A'ab.bc, 1973, and An lnjio dac t io n to Egyptian A'iabic,
1974 (Center d oni Ne.. Eatteit-n and Notcth Atucan StWI.eA, The. UniveAii-
.sZ-ty, oiyMichigan)lj.
Woitf on the. above. mater i.a.P ygZ&de~d about 26,000 wo'id6 o0J whiZch only
15,000 we.'i.e. comp i2e~d (Modeiicn Lite'VLWq.ya.c - 5ngfJush) into a. maustet'i..Wt.
The. choice.o06 the. 15,000 wo'i~d~ wall base~d on: (a.) my juj~dgemne~t aus to wh thv'i
a cvtrta .Zn wantd -us a. "basic" and "high- Ine.aencyj" woind (.tb e26 whicch atedi.e.c--
-cuLt to d e.6-Lne. and can o n~y be. d ete~m cn ed in the.JSwtwi e.by1 worth on a v enL4y
huge. nurb nb o 06textuaZ mateiuZaL6through
compter zed z a-t ZtLc4J ; (b)
checking my judgements with edu~cate~d na-tive .6pea.ze/.S o6 A'irtbic heri~e n Ann
Atbo'i., and (c) techeck ing the. 6Ze2d ;a p ens Jon ooccwvr-ience. and -'ie.OccuA/i.e.lce
o6J 4erZe c~te~d tems.
The. next 6ep wa-cs to ZdentL jqyapp-'iox-nateiq 120 rmain categ oL~e4 and
360 sb- catego'i~eA pe t inernt to A-iabLc .Zanguage., pe~opi2eA, 1 e., and thought.
Onf-q th-t tq-two categoies we/i~e. -et~cte~d Jon'i wodza on the. pitot pwaj ~c t, which
/L~ets uwte~d Zn the. 5,405 wo-'idts 06 thL/s Sample. Lexiccon. Only woli.& that o ccuu id
.ttie~e. timeA0oi.mrnie.ontpe. Zn a. d 4scoiows e.nvo'v ing a. cvi.tar-n to pic, cO.werie.
mentione~d bytwo sp eake.us otheui.iha~n the. pewson Zitexv iewe~d dut-'i.Zng a . -hoa.t
d6scw&Z4on 06 a. ceiuta~n topic, and had hig~h Jiequency o6 occutrience on the
master. J6t, we/ie. ZncZLde~d Zn -tht Samp.2e.Lexicon.
The. wo-'id6 06 -GtsASwnp Pe. Lexicon axie. aiitang ed Zn alphabetica2lo-aident
accoing to the. Engf6 h e~n t iLe-o. Eng&6sh e~n 't iez~ werie. Ieco-ide~d on the. Le.6t
hand coInne/i.o06 5 x 7 caw'ds. FoxL each entry.j txo ca-id'.s we.ie. made., one. Joni.the
peie.s ent wodz. (Zn which a U 5 ,4 05 d5 w i e.xeZn a2phabe.,t cat oIxde-i on cauid s

beats Ln9 the. numbero.06 the. categoryqZn which the. ent'.y u ca6ZZred) , and one
xvii
itut a 6wtwte. pubs ica ion o6 the. CenltVL jolt~ Neawt. Ea tetow and NottthWi AtLcan
StdieAs, The. Un-&vz~tq tof Michigan, iLn 1976-1977, A Categotua,& Lexicon o
Pan-At.abLc: Vo(ie. One - Ca egtue 1-40, o6 whiZch 32 categotuL.e ate -Lnceuded
iLn the pn eierr t zstudy.
Modem LtLte'uW yq Maczb-eq u qvaien to were t cot~de~d on he iPJht-kand e.o'-
ne2L o j the ca/Ld6, and wve. ve,ui ie~d tom Hans W ehvL, A 1&ic iona'Lq o4 Modern Wtut-
teni A/LhZ&Ze (Coi'ie2 Un-&'t Ltq Pt'e, 1966) ; M. Z. MaciLna, A'a4- Enq h V 'Lc-
ti
(Pockfet Books, 1973) ; AF-Mnjid Victionah'uj(8th Lt, 1956); and Mays' ud
J~btn, AL-RZa 'Ld &-c tinaty (Se'wt, 1964). Egyptian Atah~Le So'Lm6 Weie /Le.CO1L-
de~d b e ow the Eng!J h. A tjp is t e ntit j o the p'&s en~t Samp. e Lexicon (on a
5 x 7 cw~d) .us Th own hVLe (31 to Jeeta to ~the ca-te~go /L jn whiZch .the envt' y ways
ca.S44i.ced; V = yens; .e. Egyjptian AMab~ic io-twn L6comnpatible with ModeILn L &tL-
atLq Akctbi4-c) :
31'
abblLev.ate, -to ~
A typ-Lca a.ent'qo~ the jotr thcorm~ng tgI dy, A Ca ego'v at Lexicon o j Pan-
AiLa b-c (on a 5 x 7 civ~d) Los4 hown a, 6Of.2ow4 (MLA = Mo d e~n LitteLVLq Aabic.;
S LP = S yiw - Lebano -Pa2eti t n, an; SA = Saud. Aab-.c; KA = KuwaiLti ktab~ic; MA =
Mo'woccan Ahabic; S = zin"La"i y, 1R = Lecogn~zabL&&U; ,ii S -us !Y, no need to
check R; R .u checkaed onlyq.i. S L~ N, .i. e. no) :
31
abb/Lev is te., to
xasa/.ix taaL
MLA
SLP
SA
KA
MA

xviii
The. punpose. o the. above cazvig ement -us to teco/td Ln jo w atLoYL
ve.u,4ax/LtJ 1oth&e. compwte.V zaf on of the. p'wjec~t Ln -&t3 j nat ztage.
PeAte ,nenvL - i~o'naLon teco' de~d on the . ct and ptrLinte~d n the p/LeA enkt
Samp'e Lexcon b&s :(a) i.owe.Po o6 th~e &pe~ec t, e..j.:
write, to
katab/kitaaba
(i) - (u)
and (b) cwutw'rxzaeno-te.4, e .c_.:
don't worry
fadaak
#14
Note #14 = Restricted usage; said when someone breaks something
or loses something. Literally: May it be your ransom,
or, let it be a sacrifice for you.
ThevLe. WLe . to 6aCC 0/LhS ito be co n ide1e~d -in co mp t.LzLng the dcta o6
tche. 6o Jhcor-ng A Cacego't-La2 Lexicon o Pan-Anab-Le, and tche LnaZe wo'il, A
Compieheno~ve Lexicon of Pan-An'zab.Lc:
(a) ~o6 Educate~d Egypti.an toc ModeI~n LitCIuvL y Aiabic
(b) Recogn.zab y cgo j Educate~d Egyptian by educate~d zpeafae'zso6 other
cit~ce. tzs o j kab-Lc.
The. oLow-Lng tab~ee. L utha-teA ceinicwin nportart a~pec tcs iche
6cnczL cornpLJ.te./L Lust:
__________
1Recog nizabLitty
S'
!1 ~
Icu
.v'
misaa?
'iaaw-(z
eieu
eehq
I C/) /)
u II It II It
v v vYY
w v VVY
cJ d
S0.
1.
2.
4.
5.
6.

3.
e.veningL
,see., to
need, ito
who (mss4)
what?
4t' engich
may sa?
)La?aa
?a'iwaz
ma, maa~a
c'aa{4&J
N NN
yyy
NNN
yVN
y yVyy
y y yy
xix
COMPATIBIL ITY
Note that "CcmpczfLbZt, " azs~Lde ywm 4emaintic &im-&ttq, -'t ets to
~the 4o t ow.Ltg :
(a) lI .vimz4 o4 Modet vi LZte 'aiity A'rabic Livd the d ec ts, the Educatedl Egyp-
-tian jo'tm.saxe &im~it tc tothe McdeitnvLL &tzavtyq oitni, butt axte nvot veceu-
4izat~eqphcviemica2Ziey Lde.tiaiJ. Rwue n the accompanvyZig gctrnmtt w-2
aiccoun~t box .a i exenvce4S. lIexam'ple.#6, sot.intanvce, ~denviwe-
a 4ematntic ddtjexece, joit Moro~ccan / 2a1~ya/ meaLns6 "ij-Ute..if
(b) Reccgn~zctbii %tqmeansv6 that the.Egyptin 6citmz do nott ex%t ithe. othet.
dLaLects,butt te. omp eheai b~eto zspeit.6 of theose. dtcz-~c tsbeccwe
they LVte.& mivt o Modernt.viLttcvy Ara~b-Lc, cit.because o6 the. it zenvce
of Egyptian Cu tot asmedia.
Thug ai V (= yens) avider .Siniia tZLtqdenvoteAsthe exstenvce. ciS an Ltem
wch-us Le.Xicaz~2qideni&clwith the Eg yp ian .Ztem, but nvot nece. ai~2 pho-
viemicL iq-dent~icat. A "Y" wtdeit.RecogruLzabiJJ..tq ymeanzvuthat the Egypt~in 6oit
.us 4scmiCt. to (or .detu&ve~d im) Modern t.viLtvxaxty Axit a n Lvd thexite~icte itcocgvize~d
byj nonv-Egyptiani4pe.Wzvi, cit. that the. Scun hays 4pitead thtt.ughot the. Aracb
Woit~d v-i ctd o Ca tio and diuss er.-Lon~tcv o j Eduxcte~d Spoklen Egyptian, o&r.v-i
the. Egyjptiani movALe-scand vnewpaper . -v. e. N = vnc, and ""= nvi6"znLvd
nc ixccgvnLitiLt i: nviexample 6, Mortcc /civ/6i151L/ meains$ "{6-~e .
Iteims c the. Maytvt.List aiUCbe. puviche~d oncvi mpwtt. catrdos Livd je~d
-Ln.to the. IBM 360/370 Vap~e.x Ccmputer .a.t the. Un~ve4'ty o&t cj Michiganv. The. data
wi2U tlhen be. pr'tgwramme~d with FORTRAN IV, SNOBOL 4, and ASSEMBLER pitogtxamm-Lig
Ling uaig e/swi'th 4 e~ve.taL 'tes-uYtt~ng Zexica ptunte~d out by the. cuwpwte.'r, howinvg
100% (dowy to 0%) ccmpa cbL-&tq betweenviEgyptiaannLvd L~te'ta ti.aktLb-Lc, S yxo c-
Lebaivi-Pat~e t&ii, Saudi, Kuw~aZ ii d/Cit. Monot ccaiviAtctb-ce, Livd the. e-the-t. dcia-
Ze~c t6; MdeLA Ltte-tat.q Ait.bLc wori.ds icompartible wi&h Egyjptianv, Sqito- Lebain-
Paea At viazn, Saudi, Kui~~4t ivind Mo cccnctviktbce, Livd the. othieris xlee .t L
the. gcal o6 thus istudy,'tc emb ae. al&e o the. maijoCt. educate~d d.&ztec to 4 0 the.
The. prcgtramn wiLU.aiLou.& the. jcZ~ow~ig :
(Li) A~phaibetL c Z c sj, Lca L cnio0j alUethe. we.'tds invtoc the. puinc~paY1 caY
t-rLw'tacteterien6 Livd 4ab-categoieA t .eimte~d tCo abve..
(b) I nc~j6vi o id-Y"tovia2 -.i 6e-'mattLoni(e.2_. g ammatLc a2 viCte. W ensteutn
Zcoan wcithds, jemaP e. angaige., 6a s e. cogvniteAs, pettin ent ethicLivd
46oc oL&vgIXA-tc .vn6oimtfWvi, e.tc.).
Although this stud!# .us ma&iy cevicern~ve~d with .simZi~t-Ltties a theAr thanv
withl d-ciivjeece6 , t -s vetuq itnpcitctantto hav'~e. Licomputtert. 'iZtowut o j aZZ wcir-d
xx

that arte . icmpatcbte ia &itthe.vaiwetie4s ciSjA'.cb-Lc. uvde.rt. cvi-deitatCi. Thus
Ls mot heip~u2e: Modern LttenAw'yutj bJc mcaj be con~Lde'ted the jofw one mus
upse 6soIL max,'mwun common app cabti %ty. Ano-thVL Jntpo/xtakt &z t woultd consis{At
o6 wotW4~ compa t~b-e in czQ&e dLta~ec t6 bwt not n Mod&'r~n L- te~a&q yrMb.Lc. The
nimpo)Etcance oj6fdha,&o t ens .-n the jct tha~t thZ6 s can imz~tcnce in whi ch
tle ,ite-d La~ecta i n L4the Pan-AabiLc jozrm, a though t .us-incompcz-tbZe
with Modelin L~iteiwitj izyAbic.
Amiong the pe Brtent data to appeac int the a.naLe ana I&&L6 wZZZ be
icndAicatons o4 the 6oZiow4Lng: LW = Loan Wontd (E = EngfJzh, Ft'L = Ftench, I =
LtaLeian, P = PeisLz n, T = Tuxfzus h, etc.) ; FS = Female Speech, NL = Notes e)zy
Language, * FC = FaZs e Cognate (e.g~. / ca tjc/ Ln Mono ccczn AInab-Lc mecLntg " J. e"
whetiea,s in Mo detnn Lttevuaiy ArabLc cand the ma j ot ciS Cohe d-&azec t6s it mean -6
"good hearth; tgoi") . A 4epcvate h /ection o6j ciuwJ~J, ethnic, and o c o-
Wng wL t~c no-tees will be -Lnc2Luced.
The Linguistic Section (Phono~ogqy-Mo'rzphotogqy) o6 the {&-na2 tdy wC2
be o j gtteat npot ance -to those Lte fed in ktcab-Lc Lingw6tLcS cand d i.lec toCogqy.
Am-ong the .n~o'ation p-4nted out willL be:
1. /q/ - // lea Lo nh4p.
Lipsts o45 aZZ wo'Wct with /q/ iLn Mo denn Li.ttAy
inwb~Lc that have /?/ -in the dialect, e.g. "%cay,,to" (
J LU" - ?aaL) ;
WO)d6s tha-t mwus have /q/in-Li the d~atec t, e. ~. "Koran, sthe"
r -1 - .ew'?aaczn) ; wotzdck that can hav'ee & th en' /q/ on'./?/,
e. .'"ecst, the" (,~~~J
LXa4q -.ZILcut?) ; a L&&St o65 wond ud 6Lch as
"tzema~n, to" (p L/ Lt/~-~ -b-?4baqaa?) (neveii ba?cza?) ; "centtuny"
( --------- - q atn)~ and "h o'n (anial) " ( c-- - ?aun).
2. e - - - t, e.jc.: "three"
( d ---- - toa-&za to)
"t~rto i.t " ( --J - .4a2Luws)
3. 6 - z-4, e. g.:
4. 6 - d - z, el.:
"'s ~nvi
5. z, e.g.:
6. v, e~. :
7 . p , e. .
"o pp'ieA6, to,, ( r-
"gotd"
- za.Lam )
.-- - dahab )
- zanb )
"%ce ur-eam"
&&iPQa"
(C -
"PatcPuL6
- Yiaat )
.)
-vi~L~z )
'-pcDt6s)
8. A 1&!st ozi aP~ v eth-so ccuting iLn the stu&dy.
9. A 14.t o6 a U nouns occwvr..ng -i the tudy~.

xxi
10. A 1& t o4 at adjec kv. occwfvr t 9 -in the studyi.
11. A &&t o f ale cdve.bTh4 occwu A ng tinthe. study.
12. A Ztst o 4 al tpiepo4i4Zon4s occurtZng iLn the 4tadq.
13. A AP t o4 allconjutnc ttonos occwtLng -i the. stu~dy.
14.. A e&t o64 aU Form I ven/s4 in Moder i tetvuiq abic and .the dciaeects
thcat have LdervutLca2 LmpeA4~~c t stem vowe.2z, e.g. (a) - (a), (iL) - W
(u) - (ui).
15. A &&uSt o4 Foam I vetb-s n Modern L-t eaty Aiiabic and the.dcLa2eec t/ tha~t
have dZ v 4en-t cmpe.jec t .stem voweo , e.gq. (.i) - (u), (tL) - (a) .
16. A -&&zt o4 vedb that wse a Fot-'un n the educate~d d a.Le.c t tha~t L&s di'-
4e&en~t 6/wintha~t use~d i Mo denn viL~tVtcat A'ab-Lc., e-.~:
banktapt, to become
" vr-W l(IV) - 6aPt/ta iVL
(II).
In th tz pat ti-cwevL -istance., one. can have.Asat t es on the vatidtq t, o
,uch statemen-tsas"For'm IV .cis on the. decLLne ithe d a eects; -t Ls
be.Zng ieptace~d byjFour n d cUa e~c t A and by Form y n d -Licfate~cZt8."
17. A %&st o j vePb4$ co-exstin9 -i Mode.'Ln L~te'a'Lg Arabic and the d-a e~c t6
who-se 'Les pectLve, .6fandatd, ve.'ibaL noun pa tetn4w~e no-t commonZyus ed,
.bt wate . e.ace~d byj patte'Lns whiLch atre.4-tandcurd G/ot theAr vetch 4o/uV, e...
ina-v~ o { , t o (( CJAF) L 9 J / 9 - gauw-iLz/gawaaz) .
18. A t~&Lt o6j v eitbb, n Egyptian Mtab.Lc that uw6e. ve.tba~t nowuns o v' eItb JoiunoS
othert. than the v e~b~sthe~y ate .e Lasted wi.th, e.2_.:
bath, to take. a
-u i mm/hmu
19. A &st 06 all&e.da ee~taZ wo ~k z4 howing accw/swt,cve endiLng, e~. "-Lrten-
tLo natLty" (
1,,
ahan) ; "at
y~" (
.. - -i'amdan) ; "herto! ?(:
L'~J
- tab Tan) .
20. A 1,Ut o j wotisAwith the ducie endiLng ( C L- een) ; e..j.:
to~s
-~J I - i~lozteen) .
I-t .us hope~d W-at wotifa on tht~&s s1tuidy w Lt continue anid tha-t A
Sample. Cate9ot'iL Lexicon: Ctego/tiLeis 1-40 (appiox tmwte.Zy 9, 000 wo/Ws) wit
be. pubClshe~d Ln 1976 - 1977.
The. publication o6 A Compt'ehernuive Lexion of Pan-
A-iab-Lc (a ephab etcaL. and -i 120 categotcLe1 and 360 46ub - categ o/u ie4 , w-ith co mp e~te
no-tes and app end c es) -us a&s o anticipated.

xxii
V. How .to LLps e the Sunpte. Lexicon
The. p'L&$sent 6tudq asume -s a tanowLedge aiS Modenai n Lito.-'wJy A'zab-Lc; with
thus fznoweedg e the uw6Veh.ccn deiuve maximum b ene {mo&t iS/am the .hex ~on . Fot in -
iomration an the phono~eogqycand moLphotog y of EgyIp-tianlAhab-,c the. teacden -us
/Le~ieVLe.d to EPnut T. Abde1-Mas5Zh, An Int'.odactLon to Egyptian k~ab-c,
Centex. iPn Nea/L EasVen and No ith A6, Lczv Stucdies, The. Un~ve.IT-Ztq o4 S-Mch-
gan, 1975.
AU L tingz cie. w a~'JXng ed ass6j o 2tow :
c~a te~go/anJy kgYJ h
nubr
.0,1
Egyptian
aILb Lc
(o-' vwm b e )
Modetn
LteILW~q
At'cb-.c
A ijew po Lnts cvte. ete~d he/Le. o'ithe. coven Le.nv
ce of the !Leacdext:
G(
I r I FL) JITI1 VI LL)(
cztego/iy - ng&hj
32
A'gbypc
Impeiect
write, to katab/kitaaba
Mode/in
ALczbiy
(i) - (u)
'~
(Heheie.mpeiije~c t vowe.Z (i) ijo/i Eg ypi cn and (u) ijolt LL et'i~y jAhab-,c;
Note. tha-t aU& ve. ate. g~o44e~d thwl: write, to (no-te. lto"l a4 moadzi") .
(2) Nouni.s
ins
mP
11
accountant inuiaasib -uin
minms
.--. U
(A~e&e .e vst cngzs oiS nouns and add ec tLv e s ate. io i mayscw&Lne. nouns6 when not
ioe2owe~d by in o'i f) (See. 3 beo~) .
(3) MascwPLne.noauns (in) and iGem &Ln ne no uni, (f) aie.Lusted.dbihs :
ins
(-)inp
inms
11
chemist (f) kiinyaa?iyya -aat
11
chemist (in) kiiyaa?i -yyiin-
C.,I
;.-
Take. note. o6 the. JoPowig: (a) .6 diens (and p~&uw~a,6 )
(b) Egyjptian A/iab-Lc pho no~og-Lca2 /ige. o iS One. Long V owe2 Onej in a
wotid; tun casie. oiSJ two ong vowe z the. 41("U t vowel -us Ahotrten ctts :
kucmqaa2Zy ya~aat - - - - > knqa? yyaa t
(4) VezbaL nounsat ue. LPtete~d ate i the. verib:
oppress, to
zal am/ uln
/5;
Thus,.v "app/i,64tn" Ls not unc2ude.gin thusZex.Lceon.
(5) No ants o6 uninty
jasmine, Arabian
full , a -aat

24
(To be. uead: CoZ~e~cve. noun , noitn o6Sanity - pZu/iae. 0icount).
Note. EngZUsh ent'iiq 1jassm-ne., kiab,Lan:" the. conven-tion o4S /i/angemen~t
by kIeyq wo'id -z ioftowe~d th/ioaghowt the. Lexicon.
xxiii
(6) Co~oru
ins
fs
2p
black
2f s
is
iswid ,sooda -suud
PteaSe. note.: iswid = /2.iswid/. No waInd in Egyptian iAtab Lc be~g 'n,6with
a tvowel. In thep3z ent syfstem, /#i-/, c. e.. -nit&aZ /./ = /2i/ . The
gZo tta2 estop /?/ appeatv. 4nitiZaZtq n t tiud y onyj when Lt co't-tei-
ponc~s to McdeAn LZite,tq ykwabc /q/ 6
. Medi-&ty of 1Snaq /2
coIvze6pon& 6eitht Cto /q/ of /2/ in Modetn L~tetczg yAtcbec. The~ bes~t
exmpeu axe: "penciX'e"
- ?aLam
"pain"Ca7a
Ceta o n (n s ba) cco'tox have. onlyj one. U&Zting jot mi s, f s, and p :
orange (color)
burtu?aani
L.
(7) NweaL3 - 10
seven (f)
sabS~a (sabas)
Note. hat (saba?) Lo the. s ot'tene~d 6 o-rn wue~d iconsruct-z, e ..c.
",seve~n g9t6."
Note. that nametitaY61-20 cite.ai2eL4 ted; mptets o6 eo mpc undo6 Ju m 21
on au ite.Zted.
(8) Lttvtcancez in Egyptian A'wbic
Ut te.t anceA cate .e s te~d acc ct~ng to nowimae /peech (e~Ce&-o n o6 /4i- /,
c6~scms c ,on of IZI o J.de
e. toa t~ce., he.lp inrvowe4 i e.tc.) . Foxt
th 4v matteAr the. teadet L.usite.ge.vte~d Co Ex'nest T. Abde-Ma4h, An Into-
duc t on to Egyptian AitabLc, Centexot Newt Eau ter'n and North A~tu~an
Stu ed4, The. UnLvet6Ltq o J Mchigan, 197.5
ExamnplesJofow:
27 five to nine
tis Sa a xamnsa (< tis Sa illa xamnsa)
27 night, last
illeela linadya (<illeela ilmacdya)
27 seven thirty-five
31 journalisin, the
s ab Sa wnu wxamsa (< sab Sa winu I wixans a)
is*sa~aafa (< ilsaFiaaf a)
(9)Cs L1e.o 6 ( ) o t c~cit41jcatLo n ats UjoZtow46:
32
free (gratis)
full, to becoine (food)
28
floor (building level, story)
10
floor (ground)
6,13
fly (insect)
No.te.: In the. Zat exampee., 'SLq" ways c~a-s~44c4e~d in.two ctego/t/re6,

# 6 (An ema &z and Ins ~c ts) and #$13 (Health and Vi earsens) .
(10) Aephabe ,t za.tLon
The. JoLow~ng z6wnp e. enemy
p'te.sen-te~d in ox'dextCo 1&Ct'tate the.
4 sten2 o a~phab tizaftio n wse~d 4ithus Sampe. Lexicon:
xxiv
activity
actor
act (play)
actress
act, to
actual
The ~JoZow-Lng 'w~eeA axe obwwe~ed:
a. AU&&punctuwation .us -gnoxed (such ass the dazhe,5 in mo-then-
Zn-Law] ; a ephab etLzw t con .us baus ed so ee upon the ac tua e 6pe2e-
-&Lng o Jthe entty .
b. A commct within an en-try
ndicattes tha-t evet.x-t-ng JoZ~ow-ing the
comma s -to be -'Lead be6oLe the Zt LaL wood o Jthe e-Wtq.
c.. Hyphena-ted en-t z a we pxLezen-ted ass 4o~&ows: 1gf es, sn-
d. in oxdex to Ja4a
te the Loca t- io n o4 a pax-ticwLoJL en-tAy,
mult pt e-woxd en tc'te s a/Le a.2phab e tJz ed accoxd~ng to thecxr
Frey word. Example: 1]asm'ne, Atcab~an."
(11) Index
St~avtz tcs on co mpa-tibZ&&tgyo4~ Egyptian Mkw.c and Mo de xn Litexaxq
A'abic &withiLn each o6 the 32 categotieb o th% Sam e eicnate
4hown on pp. 111-112.
Pages 113-150 W&L~t a-CL oJIeTEigY-fsk
entL-es .Zn a ephabeLicaLe oxdvr. by categoxq jot the convenience o Jthe
'Leaden.
(12) ABBREVIATIONS
ana-t
anatoricaCe
adj
adjectiv-e
b'
bxLohe'L
conj
conjLuncton
duaa
da
dauqhte'L
dem
demon,/,t'at 'e
6em~nine
aJa-thvr.
gn
g-tammaA.
zit
C te-'a t y
mays cuJine
ma-th
malheiatL cs
mo/chexi

mo
xxv
noun
peJ1 c 2
p'nep
p'rcpo6Zticn
1tespcnse
/50
40Yn
'6.0.
someone
,s . 4 omethig
SYMBOLS
Gott owed by 'icvt Lant jotmu
**
d-La~eA2,ta& wo a
o~2owed by t'el bcz nourn
6oUowed by p! w'La~ 6 o'n
6ot~2owed by 4 em 'ne io/u
iot2owed by noun oiSjannty
tn&icatA-cmp VLa t cvQ 6o/u,
command, oan.exhortative
icnctude4 LddtionaL .Znionaton

xxvi
13. Key to Lte~a'wAra~cbi3c A~phcbet
anvd Co'ur~es pond Lng Eg ypt~anz AI/bic SyjmbUo
Lit e a,Ly u)bic2 -
Eq ypt~Za
L teILWLq k'tb~ic --
Eg yptai't
a, ( a), aa
aa
an (finally)
(p in f or-
eign words)
t or s
(z in for-
eign words)
d or z
r or r
r-
9~.(~
05
z ord

(v in for-
eign words)
y or 2
1 or
u, UU, 0
00, w
i, ii, e
ee, y
doubling
(bb)
absence of a
vowel after a
consonant
1wve
cr
2 3
10
(Y Cyo '-)
(1975, 346)


LEXICON

31
abbreviate, to
13
abcess
26
ability, to have
19
ablution, ritual
(Islam)
19
ablutions, to
perform (Islam)
25
14
abolish, to
abortion
about
(concerning)
14
above
32
absent
32
absent, to be
14
absolutely
14
absolutely
16
Abu Dhabi
17
academy
18
accident
14
accidentally
30
according to
14
according to
14
according to
20
account
11
accountant
11
accountant,
certified public
20
account, current
32
account for, to
32
accounting
(subj ect)
20
account, savings
32
accusative case
(gr)
31
accuse of lying,

to
ixtasar/ixtisaar..................""
I/
xurraag - xarariig ... ............ -
?idir/ ?udra
(a) -(i)""""""
Swdu........................................
Iava/layy
dms
(i).................. fWJ I /
J1I
ighaad - tas?iit ""..................i.I J-LI
an . . . . . . . . . . . . ...........
foo? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
yaayib -iin-0U
yaab/yiyaab
(i) - (i)............u
mut1aqan ...............
Lii j-"
Gialal1?itlaaq...........................L(j &L I
abu zaby.................................
I~-f
magma c Li lmi......................... Ls
Fadsa - Fiawaadis.......................
mus adaf atan ...................
L.
bunaa?an Gala........................... i
C_;L,-.
F i ba i................................... 14
Fiisaab-aat............................
. 1
muhiaasib-iin..........................
mufiaasib qanuuni........................,. 6,,
fiisaab gaari......................".." *
'ilmilmufiasba............................ .
Fnsab tawfiir............................
kazzib/takziib........................... }5,/ ,
ittaham/ittihaam....................." LI/
i'?aad/i..iyaa............................ I / j.
faamid - Fiawaamid.........."".".
macarif " ............ ..... ....
I,
-A
qIX.
ma'iluum "" " " " " " " " " " " " . ""
nasaat -aat....................................-
mumassil -uin "............""""""
fasl -fusuul.............................
31
27
22
16
16
32
32
17
17
11
actual
A. D.
Adam
add, to
Aden
Aden (city)
adjectival
clause
adjective
adminis tration
administrative
administrator
f i g i .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . s -
milaadiyya................ ............... a
aadam .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,
gamai/gamsi
(a) - (a) . . . . . . ...
'iadan ...........................
..... vJ
madiini t Ladan.................
"'
guma wa f iyya .. . . . . ... . ..........
si fa -aat.......... ..
mas la Fia - mas aali . ....... .
idaari .. . . . . . . . .
mudiir idaara .."....
.i w
... ,i
cS
26
26
ICI

...........
admiration
admire, to
adolescent
adopt, to
adornment
adorn, to
32
adverb
28,31 advertisement
31
advertise, to
18
aeroplane
25
affairs
(matters)
26
affect, to
31
affirm, to
26
afraid, to be
Africa
14,27 after
14
after (conj )
19
afternoon
prayer (Islam)
14,27 again
14
against
27
age
31
agency
31
agency, news
31
agenda
31
aggression
agility (slender
build)
31
agreement
31
agree on, to
25
agree, to
18, 23 air conditioning
31
aircraft carrier
18
air- line
17
air mail
17
air ministry
18
air pocket
18, 28 airport
18
air-route
18
air transport
18
air travel
alcoholic
beverage
alcoholic
beverages
32
algebra
16
Algeria
16
Algerian, an
16
Algiers
alimony
14
all
30
all bounty is
from God
13
allergy
31
allies, to become
31
allocate, to
24
allspice
25
ally
25
ally, to
24
almonds
19
alms
19
alms at the end
of Ramadan
19
alms giving
(Islam)
alms (Islam)
30
alms, please! #1
22
alone
32
alphabet, letters
of the

19
14
also
19
altar
14
although
14
although
14
although
14,27 always
26
amazed
26
amazed, to be
14
amazing
25
ambassador
25
ambassador
extraordinaire
32
ambition
takyiif ilhawa...... .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . .... JI .5_:
fiaamilit ta?iraat.....................
.C
L..
sarikat tayaraan........................ v
S,.
bariid gawwi............................
.. '--
wizaarit ittayaraan.....................
J dj1
matabb hawaa?i......................... .
mataar -aat............................ ... I
inallgawwi ............................
JiWI
issafar bilgaww..............
muskir -aat.................I-
masrubaat rooFiiyya...................... .
cilm itlgab .............................
ilgazaa?ir -~ ilgazaayir ........
gazaa?iri -yyiin.......
1 ,..
._ I 1
,1
........ . . ... . ... . . .- c5 )--1
madiinit ilgazaa?ir................," r J I
a ,...
nafai~a kul........................ ".....
il?arzaa? Tala llaah
hiasasiya.................................
d 1I
*1
16
Amman
14
among
31
analysis
32
analytic
32
18
18
analyze, to
ancestor
anchorage
anchor, to
anchovy
14
and
14
and soon
30
and so on (etc.)
13
anesthesia, local
13
anesthetic, an
11
anesthetist
13
anesthetize, to
13
anesthetize, to
19
angel
26
anger
14
angry
26
angry, to be
animal
animal, savage
24
aniseed
31
announcement
31
announcement
12
announcer (f )
12
announcer (in)
19
announcer of
prayer (Islam)
25
announce, to
31
anonymous
32
answer
32
answer
32
answer, to
ant
anthem, national
32
anthropology
13

32
antibiotics
antimony
13
antiseptic
26
anxiety
26
anxious, to
become
10
apartment
28
apartment buil-
ding
31
apologize, to
19
apostle
19
apostolic
19
apostolic bene-
diction
taan..................... ............. .
Faltahliil
s alaf - aslaaf ."."..""...."...
."
marsa - maraasi "."""""""....
...
risi/rasayaan (i) - (u) ". . . ". . . "., /
ans uuga............. ..... . ..... ....
wa . wa ............ ".................
ilaahaxmriigaa....."......"."...
dJ-IL.I
bing mawi i...................
bing .."".............
".........
duktoor taxdiir"""""."".........
bannig/ tabniig............ ...........,...../
xaddaff taxdiir.......................... .. 1 ;/ .
malaak -malayka ....... "...............
yidib /y adab (a) - (a)..... . ". . . . . .
hiayawaan -aat... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . ..
wa hi - wuhuus............ ... ""......"" ..3 9
yansuun " . . ." . . . . . . " . . "
17
appoint, to
18
approach, to
14
approximately
14
approximately
apricot (color)
apricot paste,
dried
24
apricots
1,27 April
19
apron
Aqsa Mosque in
Jerusalem
16
Arab, an
31
Arab cause, the
16
Arab countries,
the
Arabic food,
variety of #2
32
Arabicization
32
Arabic language
ciayyintacyiin....................
?arrab (min) /?urb.......
.)~i
Fawaali .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .I
Gala wagh itta?riib.................. " .s.JI1& ,
mi smis i . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . .
amar iddiin..............................(.:Y.~. J
. v .v
nasmis ,a -aat
""""""""
abriil........... .................
maryala - maraayil.................
ilmasgid i l aqa................... .
i _
..
,s., .ts '
. ,,,,r.,o...1
32
16

Arabic speakers
Arab League, the
16
Arab Nation, the
16
Arab Republic of
Egyp t
16
Arab World, the
16
Arab World, the
32
11
archaeology
architect (in)
32
architecture
31
argue, to
31
argue with, to
32
arithmetic
arm
31
armament
10
armchair
31
29
armoured
armpit
armspan (measure ;
= .68 meters)
31
arms race
31
arm, to
11
army officer,
non-commissioned
14
around (place)
31
arrest, to
31
arrest, to
'?arabi - ciarab................. ..-
ms
il?adiyya 1Scaabiyya.............4 """"" ~..J
idduwal ili'arabiyya
......." " "" "J.Jf
kisk..................... ...................S
taciriib ".. ... . . . . . . . . . . .
",;
illuya llarabiyya................... . ...JF .&.JI
il'?arab i
19
asceticism
14
as far as
14
as for
26
ashamed, to be
10
ash tray
19
Ashura (Islamic
feast)
Asia
14
as if
32
ask, to
14
as (like)
14
as long as
14
as long as
31
assault
25
assembly
25
assembly, general
32
assistant
professor
31
Associated Press
32
associate
professor
17, 31 association
14
as soon as
14
as soon as
14
as soon as
26
astonished, to be
26
astonishment
14
at (chez)
Atlantic Ocean
32
atlas
30
at least
23
atmosphere
25
25
25
attache
attache, air
attache, commer-
cial
tional
attache, educa-

25
25
attache, military
25
attache, naval
25
attache, press
25
attache, titular
31
attack, to
25
attack, to
30
at the most
31
attitude
31
attitude, hostile
17
attorney general
26
attraction
30
at your service
21
audible
12
audience
fiima yaxtass bi "-""""""
am~ma ... f a- ammia .....*"loI
xigil/xagal
,,; ..... .....
.. "L.I
(a) - (a).....................
taffaayit sagaayir "".....................
Sauura ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . """ "" "" """ ,
asya .........................
L..
ka?ann........................S
s a? al /su?aal (a) - (a)........J
./jU
ka .zayy .. ... . . . . . . . . . ..e
taalama.................................
.a lz
madaam....................................I.J , U
huguum ......"." ... ." .".".."."" "
gamc iyya -aat........................1~
i lgamciyya 1 Gamma..........
.. Jj
"
ustaaz musaacid................... Js L...JL-:. I
it?assosyeetid press........................ ,,,~ I
ustaaz muaarik............"""."...Q,
gamiiyya -aat ......................I
U.I
32
authoress
31
authorities,
local
31
authorities, the
17,25 authority
17
authority,
legislative
17
authority,
military
25
authority,
umlimite d
17
authorization
18
automobile
23
autumn
22
average
14
awful
mu?allif a-aat
issultaat ilma~alliyya............. "..W...I cLLU 1
issultaat................................
LLW
sulta -aat.......................... .a
issuita ttasrii'?iyya "" """
JI
sulfta askariyya........................"A " " "
tafwiid mutlaq """"""""""(-O 9"
tarxiis..............
utomobiil -aat............................- c-
ilxariif.................................
mutawassit
A jJI
"f""""""""""""
'
faziiV - fuzaai .............................- -
baby
bachelor
back (anat)
bacteriology
26
bad
32
B.A. (degree)
30
bad, very!
18
baggage
16
Baghdad
16
Bahrein
12

32
bait
baken, oven-
baklava
31
#3
balance (e .g. of
power)
29
10
balance, to
balcony
bald, to become
29
bale, a
12
ball
12
ballet
31
balloting
24
bananas
20
bank
20
bank, credit
11
banker (f )
11
banker (in)
28
bank (finance)
20
bank, land
mortgage
29
banknotes
29
b ankrup t
ti fl - atfaal................."""JujI -
a'?zab ciaazib - ?uzzaab.........
dahr - duhuur .... ................
; I-
ilm ilgarasiim.......................J
.I
w iis radii? -uin................."o " orL.J, I S
zift.ns.............................. ,. ...
baydaad""""".....""""".""""""..."
ouafs...................................
,-
filfuadn............................~.. iJ (.
29
bankruptcy
29
bankrupt, to
become
25
banquet
19
baptism
19
baptismal font
19
baptize, to
28
bar
11
barber
bare
24
barley
31
barrel
31
24
base, a
basic
basil, sweet
basin (sink)
basis
12
basketball
9,12 bathing suit
bathrobe
10
bathroom
10
bathroom
10
bathroom tissue
bath, to take a
31
battalion
31
battalion
12
battery
31
battlefront
27
B.C.
beak
24
beans, black-eyed
24
beans, fava
24
beans, green
bear
beard
beast of burden
beating a dead

30
horse #4
26
beautiful
14
because
14
because of
31
become known, to
(news)
31
become, to
10
bed
10
bedroom
bee
beef
beer
14, 27 before
14
before (conj)
14
before (place)
iflaas ,tafliis
f allis I/tafliis
.0 0/
~W
ma?duba - ma?aadib................
U(,o- , (,U,
tacmiid -. imaad """"""""=""
macmudiyya . . . . . . . . . . . .
camid/ aciid imaad ..............y
baaa -................................- 9 U
Siala?-u..............................
siciir a -aat....................... -4
L,
barmii l- b arami il..................J 1 r _
qacda - qawaa'iid................
asaasi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
,,,1..
ri fiaan "....".".......................
,"1
f 1 o o - a fiw aa ....................... .1 - .>:
asaas - usus. """"""""".
kurat issalla............................J, JJ d
mayo oh -aat..............................- d l.
,I-,,.................~ ..I
16
19
19
31
10
31-
28
26
14
14
14
31
14
31
30
13
12
14
19
19
18
14
14
31
20
20
22
32
32
30
12
19
5,7
21
12
32
11

beige
Beirut
believer, true
believe, to
believe, to
bell
belligerency
bell, to ring the
belly
belly
beloved
below
belt
benevolent
beside
besiege, to
best
be, to
better, it is
better, to become
bet, to
10
13
bleeding
13
bleed, to
blender (appli-
ance)
19
blessing
19
blessing
19
blessing of God
19
bless, to
13
blind
31
block, to unite
in a
blond (complex-
ion)
73,13 blood
13
blood circulation
13
blood, loss of
13
blood pressure
blouse
blow, to (wind)
31
blow up s.th.,
to
blue
blue, light
blueness
25
blueprint
25
blueprint
blue, to become
18,28 boarding house
17
board of direc-
tors
31
board of editors
31
boast of, to
12,18 boat
boat
12
boat, fishing
18
boatman
12

18
boat, sailing
bodily
body
boil, to
31
bomb
20
bond (commercial)
bone
32
book
12,28 booking office
18
booking office
28,32 bookshop
20
borrow, to
32
botany
8,13 bottle
31
bottleneck
naziif
"""
nazaf/nazf
xallaat -aat
(i)-(i)
baraka -aat................................-
ni ?ma - ni Tam ..........c..;
riz? - arzaa?.......................F"'Is,
baarik/baraka....."........
" -.
a - 4,qL-
a'ima - imyaan ...............u1.,.o
itkattil/takattul..............""""". J . /JS
as?ar ,sa?ra -su?r
- , r. 'G s-
datumda.a.iyy.............................
naziif ...............
day t damm
. .J:
........................b
biluuza -aat........................... (-
habb/hubuub
nasaf/nasf
(i) - (u)..................../
(i) - (i)..............
,z "
11
12
25
12
box, to
boy
boycott, to
boy scout
bracelet
braid, to
brain
bran
32
branch
brassiere
14,26 brave
bray, to (donkey)
bread
bread , French
bread, loaf of
bread, rich crisp
30
break a record,
to
breakfast
break wind
noiselessly, to
break wind
noisily, to
breast
breast-feed, to
breathe, to
23
breeze
31
bribe
31
bribe , to
10
brick
bride
bride and groom
bridegroom
18
bridge
28
bridge
brief

25
bright (color)
18
bring, to
12
broadcasting
17
broadcasting
corporation
12
broadcasting
station
12,31 broadcast, to
20
broker
13
bronchial catarrh
13
bronchitis
10
broom
broth
brother
brother, full
brother-in-law
laakim/mulakma........................~y /
walad - awlaad...............................- J
?aatiL/mu?atca.....................U""" a
5i
kassaaf - kassaafa................... t.,;5 _91Lw.
iswira - asaawir............J
dafartadi............ ......................./
nuxaala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
far - furuuL
sutyaan -aat...........................I ll .
s ugaa T- sug caan ......".""v
, _l
nahha?/tanhii?............................./
Le es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
tees a4rangi..............................' K) 9-
riyiif - iryifa.....................L~
?ar?uusa - ?ara?iis
""""""
darab irraqam ilqiyaasi """
fitaar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.,las_
-a.; it
sJf
12
32
B.S. (degree)
19
Buddha
19
Buddhism
19
Buddhist
31
buffered zone
10
buffet
bug, bed-
bugs
10
build, to
10
bulb, electric
8,24 bulgur
bull
31
bulletin
31
bullets
24
bunch (e ..&
grapes)
17
bureau (office)
burnoose
burp, to
18
bus
32
business admini-
s tration
(subject)
11
businessman
25
28
14
14
11
14
20
20
20
30
30

12,28
24
18
17
businessmen
bus station
busy
but
butcher
but for
butter
butter, cooking
butterfly
buttermilk
buttocks
button
buyer
buying
buy, to
by God
by the way
cabaret
cabbage
cabin
cabinet, the
b akaloryo os........................
, - .-
buuzi yii....... ..........................-I
mantiqa aagiza ....... " ......... d
..-"r
13
31
cable, to
cabobs
cage
16
22
27
Cairo
cake
calculate, to
calendar
calf (animal)
32
calligraphy
31
call, to
19
call to prayer
(Islam)
19
call to prayer,
to (Islam)
14
calm
camel
camel, she-
12
camera
12
camp
13
cancer
25
candidate,
nominated
10
11
candle
candy dealer
canine tooth
31
cannon
17
canonical court
19
canonical law of
Islam
24
28
cantaloupe
canteen
cap
cap (hat)
capital
20
capital (finance)
18
captain
31
capture, to
18
car
24
caraway
24

28
caraway, black
carbonated
beverages
24
cardamom
10
cardboard
12
cards, playing
14
careless
26
care, to take
31
caricature
carmine (color)
24
carnation
11
carpenter
10
carpet
abraq............................Wc J-I
kabaab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
c L)-
?afas - i?faas """."""""""""""""."I
ilq aahira ................................ tdi
keek -kaFk ,a -aat....................
- I ac W.S
Fasab/Fiisaab (i) - (i)..............
natiiga - nataayig.........................-
i gl - uguul
>
..,.
Jg
xa t t -xutuut.......................... . ..>...Ja.
naada/nidaa?..........................r f _ /
azaan......................................
uII
azzin/azaan
6V l /
haadi - hadyiin........................
gamal - gimaal .....".... ""......... J u .. -
naa?a -aat......................
kami ra -aat............. .....1yI ,. - 5 . 'c.)I
14
30
case, in any
11
cashier (f )
11
cashier (f)
11
cashier (in)
11
cashier (in)
29
cash, in
12,28 casino
cat
13
catarrh
19,28 cathedral
19
Catholic
24
cauliflower
25
caution, to
27
cease, to
10
ceiling
31
celebrate, to
24
celery
cell (anat)
31
censor
31
censorship
31
census
23
centigrade
29
centimeter
17
centralization
27
century
13
cerebrospinal
meningitis
25
ceremonies, mas-
ter of
14
certainly
20
certificate
(savings)
32
certificate
(school)
10,32 chair
chairman

32
(dep artment)
17
chairmanship
32
chalk
25,31 challenge, to
20
chamber of
commerce
champagne
29
change money, to
29
change, small
(money)
12
channel (T .V .)
19
chant the Koran,
to
32
chapter
19
chapter of the
Galaku11 Faa1...............""*"** "* JU ...JS. Lc
amiini t xazna....................... m.z
sarraf a .. . . . . . . . . . . . . ." 'teI ,
aiiin xazna....................
sarraaf
na?dan . na?di .............
f,
kazinu -haat..................c aL,.. J LS -1.JL
?utt -?utat..................lzbLi..mssL
z uk aam 00 00
0 00 0..... ..."...
katidra?iyya -aat.................... -a1
katuliiki ............
?arnabiit , a-aat.............
- .'
F az zar /tahfz ii r...... ........../
itwa??af /tawa??uf t .........../"" "" 7
t.La,_
battal/ tab tiil
s a? f.- su?uuf.........................
iFitafal bi/iFitifaal "JL""$"..." .I/
karafs ... . .. . .. . .. . ... . .. . . . . .
15
25
charge'
d'aoff a ires .
29
charge (selling
& buying)
31
charge, those in
19
charitable
17,25 charter, a
19
chaste (f)
19
chaste (mn)
19
chastity
28
chat
18
chauffeur-
20
cheap
20
14
check
cheek (anat)
cheerful
cheese
11
chemist (f)
11
chemist (in)
32
chemistry
24
cherries
12
10
chess
chest (anat)
chest of drawers
chew, to
chicken
chicken, fried
chicken, roasted
11
chicken seller
17
chief of police
17
chieftain (f )
23
32
chieftain (in)
child
chilly
chin
Chinese language

17
chocolate
13
cholera
19
Christ
19
Christian
19
Christianity
19
Christmas
193,28 church
19
Church of the
Nativity
19
Church of the
Resurrect ion
cigarette
12
cinema
12
cinema-goers
24
cinnamon
ilqaa?im bi?acmaal ...........J""""" J L . U
sukuk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ilmas?uliin """"" """ " """ v 9 J
xayri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L
misaaq - mawasiiq................ "
caf iif a-aat............................ -
Tiffaiif .-....ffaa ........................ ass
dardis /dardasa
sawwaa? -u......... ......................... ,.,.
seek -aat...................................... s .
xadd - xuduud " " " " """ " " " J
marih -iin
gibna .
kimyaa?iyya -aat........................- a
kiinyaa?i -yyiin...................... ...
cillmilkimya.
kireez .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "
suvenn.ra-aa.............................. ,
16
24
28
28
32
31
32
31
31
32
32
32
13,14
21
citrus fruits
city
city hal
civil engineering
civilization
civil law
clarify, to
classified ads
class room
class (school)
class (school)
clean
13
cleanliness
10,13 clean, to
23
clear
23
clear, it is
(weather)
19
clergy
11,19 clergyman
17 clerk (f )
clerk (in)
14
clever
20
client

17
43,23 climate
31
13
wrap
cling to, to
clinic
cloak-like woolen
27
clock
27
clock, alarm
10
closet
10
close, to
clothes
clothing
4,23 cloud
cloud
24
cloves
12
clown
28
club
12
club, night
11,18 coachman
31
coalition (adj)
coat
coca cola
cock
cocoa
codfish
32
co-education
31
co-existence,
peaceful
8,24 coffee beans
30
coffee, please!
coffee pot
coffee (powdered)
coffee (prepared
beverage)
17
coffee with
ample sugar
coffee with cream
(milk)
coffee without
sugar
coffee with sugar
(correct amount)
29
coin, small
(Iraq & Jordan)
14
cold (adj) (body
temperature)
4,14 cold (adj)
21
(things) (for
23
persons: unemo-
tional)
13
cold (illness)
23
cold, it is
(weather)
4,23 cold (n)
coldness
13
cold, to catch
13
colic
13
colic, renal
collar
32
colleague (f)
32
colleague (m)
32
collection
31
collective (adj)
17,28 college
32
32
College of
Agriculture
32
College of Arts
32
College of Busi-

ness Administra-
tion (commerce)
32
College of Den-
tistry
32
College of Eco-
nomics and Poli-
tical Science
32
College of Edu-
cation
32
College of Engin-
eering
32
Arts
32
College of Fine
College of Law
13,32 College of Medi-
cine
32
macy
32
College of Phar-
College of
Science
32
College of Veter-
inary Science
?ahwa sukkar ziyaada .. .....
Li
?ahwa billaban.. *~.. **............. .
?ahwa bilhaliib
?ahwa saada
.................
aJ L.
?ahwa sukkar mazbuut...*********** =--
fils ** * * * * * * *-** * * * * *
bardaan
baarid
.......*........................
** . . .. ** . .. . .* . . . .
bard . . . . .. . ........
itta?s baarid ~ "" " * * ** * **"
ilgaww baarid
bard * * * * * ** * * * * * * . . . . .
Jl
18
18
32
31
2,21
2,21
31
12
30
30
18,31
collide, to
colloquial lang-
uage (dialect)
cologne, eau-de-
colony
color
colored
color , to
column (news-
paper)
comb
comb, to
comedy
come in, please.
come on.
come, to
32
comma
31
commandos
31
commentary
31
commentator
31
commentator,
31

economic
commentator,
political
31
comment on, to
25
comment, to
20
commerce
20
commercial (ad j)
20
commercial
register
11,17 commissioner
11,17 commissioner of
police
31
commitment
25 ,31 committee
31
commit, to
(crime)
31
commodity
31
common market
31
communications
media
31 comuniqu
31
communique
19
Companions of the
Prophet (Islam)
17
company
(commerce)
20
company, trading
31
compare with, to
18
compartment,
train
23
compass
26
compassionate
26
compassionate
tasaadam/tasaadum......................L,- /
.a:
19
14
compassionate
32
compass, pair of
31
compel, to
31
compensate , to
17
competence
32
competition
25
competition
27
complete, to
31
complete, to be
or become
complexion
32
compose, to
32
composition
20
compound interest
32
comprehensive
32
compulsory
32
computer
26
conceited
32
concept
25
concerned with,
to be
25
concerning
12
concert
12
concert
12
concert hall
30
condolences #5
30
condolences #6
25
condolences, to
express
25
conduct, to (e..g.
plebiscite)
confectioner
25
conference
26
confused, to be
25
congratulate, to
25
congratulation
30
congratulations
#7
30

11
congratulations,
a thousand!
30
congratulations
(lit: blessed)
30
our
congratulations,
12
conjurer
19
conscience
31
conscience, world
19
consecration
19
Consecration
(part of Mass)
31
conservative (adj)
31
conspiracy
Fianuun Fiinayyin .. . .. ... . . .. v
bargal - baraagil............................
agbar cgala/igbaa;.................~.
awwad/tacwiid...............-y--
kaf aa?a.....................................' a'f-i
t an aaf us -mun a f s a............
munafsa -aat ""........................- 1j
xalas/taxliis ..........
tamm/tamaam (i) - (i)""""".
basra "" " " " " . " " . . . . . . . .
allif/ta?liif.""""..................... / J1
ribh imurakkab
L- -
igbaari -ilzaami....................l3, I
ilcaql it?iliktirooni......... " ...~JIJJ
mafhuum - mafahiim............U.-
ihtaam bi/ihtimaam............."""
bisa?n... . .. .. .. ... . ........ .. .. . . .....
20
25
25
25
20
13
13
31
12, 32
30
13
20
30
31
13
19
25
25,28
31
11
11
23
25,931
25
17
20
31
19
19
32
19
17
26
24
24
31
25
13
20
31
31
31

17
consul general
consult with, to
consul, vice-
consumer
contact lenses
contagious
contain, to
contest
continent
continue, to
(lit: not to
cease to)
contraception
contract
contrary, on the
contribute, to
convalescent
convent
convention
conversation
convoy
cook (f)
21
cotton
13
cough
13
cough syrup
4,13 cough, to
17,25 council
25
counselor
25
counselor of
legation
22
counting
28
countryside, the
22
count, to
31
coup d'etat
8, 28 course (food)
17
court, criminal
28
courteous, to be
17
court of appeal
17
court of
cassation
17
court of law
19
court, religious
(Coptic)
19
court, religious
(Islam)
10
courtyard
couscous
cousin (fa br da)
cousin (f a br so)
cousin (fa si da)
cousin (fa si so)
cousin (mo br da)
cousin (uo b r so)
cousin (mo si da)
cousin (mo si so)
26
covenant
cow
cowardly

25
co-wife
craving for food,
to have a #8
14
14
crazy
crazy (visionary)
cream (dairy)
cream (paste)
19
create, to
19
Creator, the
(God)
20
credit
20
credit, on
29
creditor
20
credit, to sell
or buy on
19
creed, Christian
dawa lilku.................................W
kJfaR ./ku ..a (u).-.(u...................... " -
magliasaa- mgis.......................LY
mustasaar ilmufawwadiyya
./
t~~
""I ,"""
add . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
irriif.....................................
cadd/ cadd
,J I
(i) - (u)..................
inqilaab -aat............................
sanf- asnaaf.........................."
/ js
1 - . :sI
A I
'
ma Fikami t "ilg inayaa t.................... ' " L. L,...JI1 L.S
gaamil/mugamla.................
maFikamit il?isti?naaf...............L
maFikamit inna?d.. ......" ......" I "J
wil?ibaraam
maFikama - maFiaakim..................."
ilmaglis ilmilli....................
L.JI
i lma kama s sar iyy a...................d" -AJ:Is . .0J
22
25
31
25
25,31
14
19
19
28, 31
31
31
13
14
24
26
21
24
32
24
10
10
30
12
13
13
29
29
29
29
29
12
14
32
19

10, 12
10
17
13
13
crisis
crisp
critic
critical time
criticize, to
crocodile
crook
cross (n)
cross, sign of
the
cross, to
crossword puzzle
cross words
crown, gold
(dental)
crow, to
cruel
crushed wheat
crust, a
cry, to
cry, to (weep)
cucumbers
culture
cumin
23
24
15
31
16
30
21, 23
23
12
12
12
26
25
26
24
27
27
15,27
19
19
27
15
27
19
16
13
11
11,17
26

32
20,29
29
29
13
263,31
1,27
17
31
31
31
dahlia
daily
daily (e.g .
newspaper)
dairy products
dam
Damascus
damn
damp
dampness
dancer (f )
dancer (in)
dance, to
danger
danger=seriousness
daring
dark (color)
darkness
dates (food)
dates, pressed
(food)
24
31
decline, to (e.g.
invitation)
19
decorated litter
#9
ictazar can/ictizaar............. " I s l / us
.. s I
31
17,25
32
32
31
31
32
32
32
4,23
27
27
25
25 ,34
14
14
25,31
31
17
19
19
decorate, to
decoration
deco ration
(medal)
decree
dedicate, to
deer
defeat

deduce, to
defeated, to be
define, to
definite article
definition
degree (tempera-
ture)
delayed, to be
delay, to
delegate, to
deliberation
delicious
delightful
demand
demand, to
democracy
demon
demon, female
ilmaFmal issar'
zayyin/ tazyiin
ziina -aat
wisaam - aws im,
jif
* 00 *0 00 00 0&
I J.... Z.J I
... ... ... ... ... I -
a .. . . - Q_:9 / r -
marsuum - maras iim "--"-" " "
ahda/ihdaa?........................ICI /7
is tantig/is tintaag """"
yazaal
.. .. ... .. ... .
haziima - hazaayim
inhazam/inhizaam
. I/ .- .,
" ""1 "
.11- - r
..
lL--csJ
25
25
17
25
32
32
11
11
32
10
31
26
deputy
deputy
deputy..
(vice- ... )
derived
derive, to
dermatologist (f )
dermatologist (in)
dermatology
descend, to
describe, to
desert
desire, to
manduub -uin.................
naa?ib - nuwwaab
naa?ib ...
"""""""
. . .. .. .. .. . .
.._
mustaqq
is tagq/is tiqaaq......................
duktootit amraad
LJ.z.s:.I / -:~
""" "
& .o rI - -5
gildiyya
duktoor amraadI gildiyya
tibb il?amraad
""&J"""
""*....."" "
ilgildiyya
(i) - (i)
/9J

nizil/nuzuul
wasaf/wasf
(i) - (i).................../
sahiara - sahiaari......................
caaz (u)
../
riyib/rayba
(a) - (a)
maktab - makaatib
yi?is/ya?s
"""".""..
(a) - (a)
mudammira -aat......................
taf siil - ta fas iit.................(J--
tafaahum
- 'I .,
. .../
- }
inf iraag... . . . . . ........
haamid - amaad.... . . . . . . . . . . .....
tawwar / t awiir............................J..../
hiammad /t a frm ii.....................
10, 32 desk
26
despair, to
31
destroyer (ship)
31
de tai l
31
detente
12
developer, film
31
develop, to
12
develop, to
(film)
31
deviate, to
31
deviation
19
devil
31
devote, to
19
devout
19
devoutness
23
dew
16
Dhahran
13
diabetes
32
13
dialect
diamond
diarrhea
..../
yI rI(y S.
a.:,, LJ I (! 2I h
26
10
dining room
10
dining table
10
dining table
13
diphteria
32
diploma
25
diplomacy
25
diplomat
25
diplomatic
25
diplomatic corps
25
diplomatic corps
25
diplomatic
immunity
25
diplomatic pouch
25
diplomatic
privileges
direction
23
directions
13
directions for
use
14
directly
11,17 director
32
12
director, movie
17
directress
3,31 direct, to
29
dirhem (North
African coin)
13
dirt
14,21 dirty
25,31 disarmament
31
disaster
31
discover, to
13
disease
13
diseases, con-
tagious
diseases,

13
venereal
14
disgusted
26
disgusted, to
feel
dish (plate)
dish (plate)
10
dishwasher
32
dismiss, to
12
dismount, to
(horse)
13
dispensary
(clinic)
32
dissertation
17
district
12
dive, to
22
divide, to
19
divine
19
divine fore-
ordainment
divorce
divorce, to
13
dizziness
oodit akl
".......
sufra - sufar
tarabeezit akl
*****
diftirya"""""""
dibloom -aat
diplomaasiyya
diplomaasi -yyiin
diplomaasi
issilk issiyaasi
"""""*
""""""
** ** *
**
**
*****....
Ray?a diplomaasiyya .....
Fiasaana diplomaasiyya ....
27
13
dizzy, to
be come
32
doctorate
11
doctor (ear, nose
and throat)
11
doctor (general
practitioner)
11
doctor (M.D.) (f)
#10
11
doctor (M.D.) (f)
11
doctor (M.D.) (in)
#11
11
doctor (M.D.) (in)
13
doctor, medical
(f) #12
13
doctor, medical
(in) #13
11
doctor (Ph.D) (f)
11
doctor (Ph. D) (in)
31
document
14
do ... ? does .. ?
did ...?
dog
12
dog, gun
16
Doha
29
dollar
19
dome
25, 31 dominateg to
donkey
18
do not enter
(traffic sign)
30
don?'t mention it:
(lit: forgive-
ness)
30
don?'t mention it!

(lit: forgive-
ness)
30
don't!' (no need
to!)
30
don't worry ! #14
30
don't worry !
(general usage)
10
door
10
doorman
10
doorstep
13
dose
31
do, to
22
double
dough
28
downtown, the
drain, a
12
drama
daax/ dooxa
(u) - (u)
d. J/ J
duktoraah " "" """"
" "". J,1S
wi hangara
mumaaris 1 aam..............................0?U
r LO-
duktoora -aat
ci0.
US
tabiiba -aat
""""
duktoor - dakatra
"""""
""""""""""""
tabiib - atibbaa?
doktoora - dakatra
doktoor - dakatra
..........
- d 9'
duktoora -aat........................i _ -
:5
28
11,18
18
18
13
13
14
21
32
16
14
14
27
L/,
27
10
10
31
10
dress, evening
dressmaker
drinks
drink, to
driver
drive, to
driving permit
drops, eye

drops (medica-
tion)
drowsy
drunk, to get
dry
dual (gr)
Dubai
duck
due to
dull (distaste-
ful person)
during
dusk
dusk, at
dust
duster, feather
dust off, to
duty (obligation)
dwell, to
dwell, to
dye, to
f us taan sahra...................9
xayyaata -aat.................
mas rubaat.............................'
s irib /surb (a) - (a) " "'
'1
sawwaa? -iin............................."C" j k3K
saa?/siwaa?a (u) - (u) " "" /"c
ruxitqgiyaada """...".............il 'J
nu?at li]S'een........................... -jJ j j
nu? at
......................
.i.
nacsaan -iin """ " """""'"
sikir/sukr (a) - (a) """""/
gaaf
mu ayy .....................
29
31
editorial
31
editorial
31
editorial section
(office)
31
editorial s taf f
31
editor-in-chief
11,31 editor (mn)
31
edit, to (to
write)
32
educate, to
32
educational
psychology
32
education
(pedagogy)
32
education
(subj ect)
26
effect
31
effective
26
effective
31
effectiveness
6,8
24
egg
eggplant
eggs, boiled
eggs, fried
eggs, to lay
egoism
16
Egypt
16
Egyptian, an
29
Egyptian pound
22
eighteen (f)
22
eighteen (mn)
22
eight (f)
22
eighth (f)
22
eighth (mn)
22
eighth, one-
22
eight hundred
22
eight (mn)
27
eight o'clock
27
eight p.m.
22
eighty
14

26
either ... or
elbow
31
election campaign
17
elections
17
electoral
district
10
electric
32
electrical
engineering
10
electricity
17
elect, to
iftita~iyya -aat
maqaal if titaafi
?alamn ittaFriir
Fay?it ittaFiriir
ra?iis ittahriir
mu Farrir -u n
Farrar/tahriir
LS . I J
... .. ... .. u J 1 L7
... ... .. ... ./
a b b a / t a r b i y a " " " "/"" "
film innafs ittarbawi "I" " " " L
ilm ittarbiya................... .. 1-J
il ittarbiya """""""
asar -asaar """"""" """ C
faTaal
mnu?assir .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I _. r 1
30
22
eleven (f )
22
eleven (mn)
27
eleven o'clock
22
eleventh, the (f)
22
eleventh, the (mn)
32
eloquence
25
embarrassing
25
embassy
31
emigrant
31
emigrate, to
16
emirate
26
emotion
25
emphasize, to
17
employee (f)
17
employee (mn)
22
empty
22
empty, to
32
encourage, to
32
encyclopedia
22,27 end
12
end, the (movie)
27
end, to
31
endure, to
31
enemy
engagement
11
engineer, civil
11
engineer,
electical
11
engineer,
electronic
11
engineer (f)
32
engineering
11
engineer (in)
11
engineer,
mechanical
engineer,

18
railroad
32
English language
12
enlarge, to
(photograph)
31
enquire, to
32
enroll, to
12
entertainment,
place of
10,18 enter, to
31
enthusiasm
18
entrance
25
entrust, to
14
25
envious
environment
envoy, special
fii daas ar..............................,z
Fidaasar.............................
Fiicdaaar........."""".".".......... ..... l-3..J
ilFiidaasar........................... . ... iL Jf
il1FiidBaas ar..........................
l -UJ I
b a la a ya .................... ........
A-
mufirig . . . . . . . . . ..... ....
sifaara -aat..............""""..........-
muytarib -uin ..........
"._
haagir/hi gra..................... ..A{
j:,
/ 'z
imaara - aat.............................. " " (:, 'd - .L.I
aatifa - C lawaatif .- ...
akkid/ta?kiid.......................
L / S
muwazzafa -aat..................
-ity~
muwazzaf -inn...........................-
f aariy .,faadi .........................V
farray/tafrii
""""""""".,/
sag....asii 1 ".. .. .. .. .. .. .. ......./
31
26
31
14
14
14
31
31, 32
31
20
14
32
28
16
err, to
escape, to
especially
especially
especially
espionage
essay
essence
establish, to
estates
etc.
ethics (subject)
etiquette
Euphrates, the
Europe
evacuate the
bowels, to
yilit/yalat (a) - (a) ".... LJt /
hirib/harab (a) - (a) """"-
. / ,.

xusuusan bil?axas................... > t,_, (,
xassatan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '- l
la s iyyama . . . . . . . . . . . . -a_ ,
gas uus iyy a . . . . . . . . . . . . a.... ,
maqaal - maqaala -aat .-" ...
Lit.. J L -.o
gawhar - gawaahir....................
assis/ta?siis............................f l maaka """"""""""" .,S
ila aaxirihi................................ .i
ilm il?axlaa?...............................
himugamalaat............................."" 0L..iI
ilfuraat....................................FIJI
uruppa .................................. . , I
itbarraz/tabarruz """"""/
Eve
14
even i f
14
even if
27
evening
12
evening enter-
tainment
27
evening, every
19
evening prayer
(Islam)
22
even (number)
31
event
31
event
19
Eve of the Major
Feast
19
Eve of the Minor
Feast
30
ever and ever
14,22 every
14
everyone
31
evidence
19
evil
'
32
30
example, for
14,30 excellent
32
excel, to
14
except
14
except
14
except
14
except
25
exchange of views
32
exclamation point
30
excuse me !1#15
30
excuse me: 1#16
31
execute, to
31
exempt from, to
32
exercise
20
exhibited
articles
28
exhibition
18
exit
20
expense
32
experiment
25,31 expert
32
explain, to
31
explode, to
31
exploit, to
31
explosion
20
export goods
20
export, to
31
exposed to, to be
32
expression
(language)
32
express, to
25,31 express, to
(idea)
express train
31
external
31
extinguish, to
13
extract a tooth,
to
13

18
extraction (den-
tal)
31
extract (writing)
14
extremely
31
extremes, to go
to
31
extremist
eye
eyebrow
13
31
eye inflammation
eyelash
eyewitness
masalan ".........."1""...""."".""."""
mumtaaz -iin........................
itfawwaq/tafawwuq
.9 -
""""""
'
illa..........................................J1
siwa
veer
..................
S9~
. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .
,s
ma cada....................................1JJI
tabaadul irra?y..................
.. ...-J'J',t-e
calaamit ittaScaggub........................I
biadiznak
nfiz/anfiiz......................... -- -I us
a'ifa min/i'ifaa?..................LinI
tamriin - tamariin.................
ma crudaat
L._,
.............
ma'?rad - macaarid...................L
L)
xuruug
nafa?a -aat...........................
tagriba - tagaarib
xabiir - xbara
"
e _-
..-
.r
, L1 z
33
f ace
31
face, to
31
facilitate, to
31
fact
17
faculty, academic
32
Faculty (College)
31
fail, to
fair sex, the
19
faith
14
faithful
26
faithful, to be
14
faithless
18
fall, to
29
falsify, to
family
family
family of
14
famous
19
fanatic
30
fancy that~
14
far
18
fare
28
farewell, to bid
24
farmer (f)
24
farmer (in)
24
farmer (in)
13
far-sightedness
fashion
fashionable
27
fast (adj)
27
fast (clock)
19
faster (one who
fasts)
19
fasting
19
fasting during

Ramadan
19
fast, to
14
fat
31
fate
19
fate and divine
decree
30
fate and divine
decree, by
father
father-in-law
father, step-
fat, to become
8,10
faucet
26
fault
31
favor (merit)
26
fear, to
.vv . V V
wiss - iwsaas
waagih /muwagha
sahhil /tashiil
Fia?ii?a - Fia?aay
hay?it ittadriis
kulliyya -aat"
fasal/ fasal
imaan """""""
muxlis -uin
axlas /ixlaas
xaayin -uin
"
wi?i 'ciwu?uu'i
zayyif/tazyiif
usra - usar
aa?ila
Leela
(a) - (a) ..... '/ J$
(a)-_(a) .....
9 /
34
29
feddan (square
measure)
17
federation
20
fee
21
feeling
26
feeling
26
feelings
21
feeling, sense of
26
feelings, human
21,26 feel, to
21
32
feel, to
fellowship
felt
female
32
feminine (gr)
24
fenugreek (grain)
31
feudalism
13
fever
13
fever heat
14,22 few
field
field (agricul-
ture)
18
field path
25,31 field (sphere,
range)
22
fifteen (f )
22
fifteen (in)
22
fifth
(f )
22
fifth
(in)
22
fifth, one-
22
fifth
31
fight, to
(military)
24
figs
figs, Indian

24
figure (body of a
person)
24
filberts
17
file
13
fill a tooth, to
28
filled up (bus)
13
filling (dental)
12
film
12
film, color
12
film, detective
12
film, romantic
12
film, silent
12
film, talking
14
finally
faddaan - fadadiin N
- - Iu
af diva
ittiFaad..................................
rasm - rusuum
"l
""""
iFisaas -aat """""
sucuur
""."""
masaaScir
"""
"""
Fassit illams """"
ilmasaa'iir il?insaniyya
sacar bif
(u) - (u)
su~uur
fuss/i Fisaas (i) - (u)
hiss
.. "" ." ""I
.L
" " ."
-J
..
minhia - minaF " """ " "" ".
guux
unsa
. ... . . . . . . . . . . .
35
27
11
11
10
28
28
19
18,28
22
173,25
22
22
22
6,8
finish, to
f ire
fireman
firemen
fireplace
fire station
fire station
first-born
first chapter of
the Koran
first class
first (f)
First Lady
first (in)
first, the (f)
first, the (in)
fish
12
fish, broiled
12

6,11 fisherman
fish, fried
12
fishhook
12
fishing
12
fishing tackle
fish, mullet
fish of the Nile
12
fish, to
fish, to
22
five (f)
22
fivefold
22
five hundred
22
five (in)
27
five o'clock
27
five o'clock
sharp
29
five-piaster
(Egyptian note
or coin)
29
five pound note
22
five-sixths
25
flag
31
18
fleet (n)
flesh
float, to
4,23 flood
28
floor (building
level; story)
10
floor (ground)
10
floor rag
31
flour
31
flourish, to
24
flower
36
12
23
32
14
30
12
12
29
31
19
31
31
-7
25
25
32
32
14
19
26
17
14
25
30
14
22
31
10
22
22
22
27
22
22
22
22
22
27
22

22
focus, to
fog
folk (as in
folktale)
food
foods
foods tuff
fool (dim-witted)
fool s.o., to
football
foot (human)
footlights
foot (measure-
ment)
forbidden
forbid, to
force, by
forced to, to be
forefathers
forehead
foreign
37
31
freedom
31
freedom of the
press
31
freedom of
thought
19
freedom of
worship
32
free (gratis)
freeze, to
18
freighter
18
freight train
32
French language
14
frequently
24
fresh (e.g. vege-
tables)
15,27 Friday
19
Friday prayer
(Islam)
19
Friday sermon
(Muslim)
fried ground
bean patties
furriyya
Fiurriyyit issaFiaafa
hurriyyit ilfikr
Fiurriyyit ilcibaada
maggaani
****
it gammid/tagammud
markib na?1
?atr budaaca
**
illuya ifaransiyya
ilfraransaawi
miraaran
****
taaza
-d -'9 L

.s
a ,. I1
-~
(-S
-,
~J-JI
ilgum a *********************.*
salaat ilgumia '"""""""""""""
"d. t..o.,-)L
I uo."ti G
xutbit ilguma
falaafil - .tamiyya ****
28
28
31
14
14
30
8,24
11,24
14,22
31
10
10
10
10
38
29
12
12
12
31
18
10
11
10
11
13
13
24
10
18
18
13
32
17
32
14
14
5,27
28
14
32
14,32
32
11
32
32
gallon
game, final
tional

game, interna-
game (match)
gang
garage
garbage
garbage collector
garden
gardener
gargle (mouth-
wash)
gargle, to
garlic
garment
gas, butane
gasoline
gas station
gastric trouble
gas (vapor)
general assembly
generalize, to
generally
generally
generation
generosity
generous
genitive case
(gr)
genius
geography
geologist
geometry
German language
galoon -aat
""'""""'""""""'"*
39
30
give my greetings
to ...:
31
give, to
26
glad
30
gladly
gland
glass, a
13
glasses, eye-
13
glasses, sun-
26
14
glory
gloves
glutton
goat
19
god
19
God
19
God bless him
#17
30
God is generous
30
God is great
30
God knows best
#18
30
God protect, may
30
God provide for
you #19
30
God provide for
you #20
19
God's 99 attri-
butes (Islam)
30
30
God willing
God willing
gold
gold (color)
9,11 goldsmith
30
gone with the
wind (vanished)
good (adj) (f)
14
good (adj) (in)
31
good as, to be
so

14
30
good boy
30
good bye (by
person depart-
ing)
30
good bye (by
person remain-
ing)
19
good deed
19
good deeds, the
30
good evening #21
14
good-for-no thing
(person)
19
Good Friday
s al lim Giala ... " .......
..
'iata/'atiyya........................ .L. I / .L~I
far Aaan -uin """-""""
bikull suruur..............................
yudda -yudad.......................-
1.
as
kubbaaya -aat......................XIJSI -
nacdara tibbiyya....................
...,U_.
naddaarit saws........................:.
magd.......................
, JS
~l
.......
gawanti .. . . .. . . . . . . . . .
sarih-uin.........................
mi~za -miciiz.......................
ilaah -aaliha......................
_ - JI
allaah.....................................
aJJ1
saJla llaahu Valayhi "."*- LW.,
& .J! &JI
was allam
aljlaah kariim
"""""""""""
du
40
19
30
good (n)
goodness, my!
xeer
"
30
good night! #23
30
good night! #24
30
good night! #25
19
good omen
14,26 good (person)
20
goods
goose
19
Gospel, the
10
go out, to
18,31 go, to
27
go to bed, to
(sleep)
17
government
17
governmental
17
government
circles
11,17 governor
17
governorate
19
grace of God, the
32
grade (level -
school)
32
grade (level-
school)
32
grade (mark -
school)
30
gradually
32
graduate, a
32
graduate, to
24
grain (of a..)

81,24 grains (cereal)
grain (seed)
32
grammar
32
grammar (subject)
32
grammatical
29
gramme
granddaughter
grandfather
grandmother
grandson
25
24
grant
grapes
grater (utensil)
grate, to
18
grease, to
30
great!
19
Greater Bairam
(Muslim feast )
14
32
greedy
Greek language
green
green, dark
ukuuma -aat
"""""
Fhukuumi """""""""
dawaa?ir ii Fukuuma
a.c SJ I -(.
mu~faafiz -uin "
muhiafza -aat...............-
J9 -
L.
naSi im al laah.................J
saf f -sufuuf..................
fasi - fusuul
daraga -aat
tadriigiyyan
xirriig -uin
"""""'"
41
30
30
30
28
28
26
11
11
31
31
31
25
24
21
25
18
31
20
16
16
16
7,13
31
11
32

11
green, to become
green, to make
greeting, a
greetings, our
greetings (said
to one returning
from trip)
greet, to
greet , to
grey
grey, dark
grey, to become
(hair)
grill, to
grinder, meat
grind, to
groan, to
grocer
groom (horses)
group (crowd)
grow big, to
grow, to
guarantee
guarantee, to
guard, honor
guava (fruit)
guess, to
guest, invited
guide, a
guide, to
guild, chairman
42
29
half-pound (E-
gyptian note, =
50 piasters)
10
hall
19
Hanbalitic (Is-
lamic Sect)
hand
31
handbill
27
hand (clock)
27
hand, hour
(clock)
handkerchief
handmade
27
hand, minute
(clock)
31
hand over, to
27
hand, second
(clock)
29
handspan
10
hang, to
31
happen, to
31
happen, to
26
happiness
19
happiness
14,26 happy
30
happy birthday
30
happy blessed
day! #26
30
happy day!
(hello!) #27
30
happy holiday!
#28
30
happy holiday!
#29
30
happy holiday!

#30
26
happy, to be
26
happy, to make
30
happy to meet
you! #31
30
hard working per-
son, a
16
hare
Hashemite King-
dom of Jordan,
the
14
26
hateful
hate, to
hat (European)
26
hatred
30
have a safe trip!
#32
30
#33
30
have a safe trip!
have a speedy
recovery! #34
14,20 have (possess;
non-verb)
xamsiin ir **''""*
saala -aat ** * * * * * ** * *
Ranbali ** * * * * * * * * * * * .
iid - ideen ********.......
mansuur -aat
""**
***
La?rab- La?aarib *****......
Ta?rab issafaat
c. Ls Li_
mandiil - mandadiil
sinaaga yadawiyya
ra?rab idda?aayi?
43
14
he
head
13
headache
32
headmaster
32
headmistress
17
headquarters
31
headquarters
13
health
13
health, excellent
13
healthy
21
hearing, sense of
heart
21
hear, to
30
hearty congratu-
lations.
4,23 heat
23
heater
23
heater, electric
19
Heaven
30
Heaven forbid:
#35
30
Heaven forbid!
#36
30
Heaven forbid!
30
Heaven forbid!
19
Heavenly reli-
gions
29,21 heavy
32
Hebrew language
huwwa
raas - ruus.......................-)
(9
sudaa'T
naazir - nuzzaar.......................,tJ. Bbl-.
nazra -aat........................... -
markaz il?idaara.........................IJ' jr

maqrarr-aat............................ v I -
siFFia mumtaaza.........................ud
saliim...................................... L
Fassit issami ......................... JI 4I.L
?alb - ?uluub..................
9-Li-
simiS/samai (a) - (a)
--
tahaniina lqalbiyya. """""" ............ 22
Farr - Riaraara ". " " " " . ""
.I
daffaaya -aat...................... cI - d.
daffaaya kahraba....................L rLrZ
is sama . . . . . . . . . . . . . .l
balid issar Laleek..................... L-. ._4JI
biS~iid Lannak . " " . " " " . " .
la samaF allaah
la ?addar allaah -
allaah la y?addax
il?adyaan issamawiyya
"""""''
d_1J IJ I
9 1. .J 1
20
25
19
30
30
v L, )'/ I
heel (anat)
heir
held, to be
(meeting)
hell
hello #37
hello #38
ti?iil
illuya l cib riyya-
""'"""'
_.
44
32
Higher Institute
for Home Econo-
mi cs
32
Higher Institute
for Music
32
Higher Institute
for Physical
Education
32
high school
hill
32
historian
32
history (subject)
26
hit, to
19
hold sacred, to
25
hold, to
(meeting)
27
holiday, public
27
holidays, legal
19
holiness
19
holy
19
Holy Books
19
Holy Ghost, the
19
Holy mosque, the
(in Mecca)
19
Holy scriptures,
the
ilma Vhad ilticaali
L 5 J WJ I .. J I
littadbiir ilmanzili
ilmachad il~?aali..........."
i-o J--U JWLJ I ~
lilmusiiqa
ilmashad it Saali
L L,, I J I I J
littarbiya rriyadiyya
madrasa sanawiyya...................
. _
L.; ...,
tall - tilaal........................J""z
mu?arrix -un..........................
44

ilm ittariix...................
darab/garb
(a) - (i)
?addis/ta?diis.......
..............
"""""
...._/
Lt4gLLZLs
ca?ad/ ca?d -.
(i )
caqad/ aqd
cutla -aat
"""""
ayyaam il'iutlaat
i rrasmiyya
qadaasa
?adaasa
muqaddas -uin
""
ilkutub issamawiyya
irrooF ilqudus
"
ilmasgid ilFaraam
- (i)
,%.. s /
.mss
..... .... .... i _-
" "" """ "" """
\n -
LJ41
ilkitaab ilmuqaddas................... . ! L IJ
19
32
31
32
14
27
26
26,28
25
26
31
y/
45
horseshoe
13,28 hospital
28
hospitality
13
hospital, mental
19
Host
31
hostilities
31
hostility
14,21 hot (weather)
23
28
hot
hotel
18,28 hotel
23
hot, it is
(weather)
23
hot wind
27
hour
10
house
12
houseboat
11
houseboy
11
houseboy
10
household uten-
sils
14
how?
14
how many?
14
how much?
14
how much? (price)
14
how often?
19
humanity (human
beings)
humidity
12
humor
22
hundred, one
22
hundred thousand,
one
14
hundredth, the
hungry

22
hungry, to become
6,12 hunter
12
hunting
12
hunt, to
12
hunt, to
23
hurricane
27
hurry, to
27
hurry , to (rush)
husband
10
hut
13
hygiene
32
hygiene (subject)
19
hymn
19
hymn
19
hypocrisy
19
hypocrite, to be
musa "f ..-yaat ..................... . . 9
karam iddiyaaf a.......................
L. J 1 ,
mus ta f a "lmagaz iib """""""""
?urbaana - ?arabiin
"""""
a ..JI
C), . -O.
'adaa? udwa anlu
'iudwaanvI
harr ..................................
s uxn.....................
funduq - fanaadiq.....................-JL**L-.S--
lukana-aa................................
saa'ia -aat.........................
,L~
1_
' ...cA - d~..
beet -buyuut
awwaama -aat........................
4.
xaddaam -iin.................. I
1-
sayyaa1 -uin........................ L
-_ ' ,
adawaat manziliyya
izzaay # 0 0 0 0 0
"""""""""
46
14
30
19
31
17
I am very glad
ice
ice cream
icon
idea
identity card
14
idiot
14
idio ti c
14
idiotic
19
idol
19
idol
14
if
14
if
14
if (contrary to
fact)
30
if only (would
God)
19
I (form of
modesty)
19
I (form of
modesty)
ignorance
25
ignore, to
13
ill (f)
32
illiteracy
32
illiterate
13
ill (in)
13
illness
13

32
ill, to become
31
illustrated
31
imagine, to
32
imagine, to
11
Imam (Moslem
prayer leader)
31
imitate, to
14,27 immediately
19
immortal (adj)
14
impatiently
32
imperative (gr)
31
imperialism
14
impolite
20
imported
20
imports
20
imports and
exports
20
import, to
14
impossible
14
impossible, it is
ana .. . . . . . . . . . .
ana saeciid giddan """"""""""""
t alg . . . . . . . . . . .
zilaati " - " " " " "
ayquuna -aat .""" " """"
fikra -afkaar """""""
bitaa?it tali?ii? """"""" ,
isaxsiyya
abiit - Lubata """
"o
ahbal-hubl ."""""""
mahbuul -mahab iil ....
sanam -asnaam """00"""""""""
wasan -awsaan........
47
31
impossible, to be
14
in
31
in accordance
with
30
in addition to
14
inadvertently
25
inaugurate, to
19
incense
19
incense, to burn
29
inch
31
incident
20
income
25
increase
increase, to
30
indeed~
32
index
32
Indian language,
East
13
26
14
31
Indian Ocean
indigestion
indisposed
individual
inexperienced
infantry
infant, suckling
13
infection
19
infidel
19
infidelity
31
infiltrate, to
22
infinity
13
inflammation
26,31 influence
influenza
31
inform about, to
25
information
31
information (pub-

13
licity & conmu-
nications)
17,28 information of-
fice
31
inform ... of, to
31
infringe upon, to
14
in front of
32
ingenuity
20
inheritance
20
inherit, to
13
injection
13
inject, to
32
ink
in-law (f)
istafiaal/istihcaala
00a"
:u -.. J I/
f i..........................................c--
bunaa?an Lala.........................."j- -
bil?idaafa ila........................s J I L4i:,)
Lala yaof la.............................&L9 c-J-
dauin/tad..in......................... --
baxxar/tabxiir.......................
/ .,
buusa -aat........................... ,I -
Fadsa - Rawaadis............c-,J)
daxi
.... ..... .... ...
-I
Jm
izdiyaad
izdlaad/iyaad. ....................... JI /
fihris rf ihr is t - ""
c .-
fahaaris
illuy a lh indiyy a......................& rr- I l1
ilhindi
ilmufiiit ilhindi ......."""
Sus r h adm . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ -err-lI1 @I
48
14
in spite of
14
in spite of
20
installment
20
installments, by
20
installments, to
pay in
14
instead of
14
instead of
32
Institute of
African Studies
32
Institute of
Public Health
32
institute (scien-
tific)
12
instrument,
musical
20
insurance
20
insurance, fire
20
insurance, life
20
insured
21,32 intellect
14
intelligent
14
intelligent
25
intend, to
14
intentionally
311,25 interest
20
interest
(finance)
31
interest in, to
take an
25
interfere in, to
31
interim
31
internal
32
internal medicine
(subject)
25

25,31 international
International
Bank for Recon-
struction and
Development
31
international day
31
international
news
32
interrogatives
(gr)
12
interval, theatre
intestines
28
introduce, to
32
introduction
21
intuition
4,23 inundation
Giala rraymmnn........................ , ---JL
birraym min.........................i- . Jl _L
?ist - a?saat "" " " " " " " J .. _ b. s
gala a?saat..........................L...21 l
?assat/ta?siit.............
/AZ
badal......................................... J
b adal min . . .. . . . . . . . . .
machad iddirasaat ' """
--
il?ifriqiyya
maThad issif Fa 1?amma ""4 ""
JIa
4-1-4
machad - macaahid
* 000 900 & " - tV
aala musiiqiyya
ta?miin
"""""""
""""""""
"".
ta?miin did itlFarii? """""""""""
ta?miin Sala l Fiayaah ....
mu?amman Laleeb
zihn - azhaan
"""""""
""""""""
49
14
in view of
25, 28 invitation
25
invitation,
official
28
invite someone,
to (hospitality)
25,28 invite, to
20
invoice
20
invoice
19
invoke a bles-
sing, to
19
invoke evil, to
13
iodine, tincture
of
16
Iraq
16
Iraqi, an
10
11
iron
iron, curling
ironer
iron, to (e.&g
garment)
32
irregular (gr)
32
irrigation engi-
neering
19
Islam
19
Islamic
19
Islamic law
19
Islamic world
island
25,31 issue
31
issued, to be
(published)
31
issue (of paper
or magazine)
30

25,31 issue, to
it doesn't
matter! #40
30
it's a great
pleasure to me
30
it's o.k. #41
14
it's possible
that
nazaran i........................... ....J I1J;.
dacwa ".. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . o
da~wa rasmiyya . . ..... ..
a.a., o.
ista~aaf /isticaaf a
*0 . /~ $ .~
datia/daScwa
(i) - (u)
""""
fatuura - fawatiir.................." '
kasf Fisaab..............................
datia li-
d J /
L..j
,,, - dj - l
.,, L ..5
(i) - (u)..................J" )L~,
datia Lala
sabyit yuud
cis cup .............
Ls.
il'?iraaq ..ilSiraa? ..........""" ""0 "" ; J
iraaqi iraa?i -yyin """"""
- : . s .-
makwa - makaawi....................L
makwit issa~........................."""""
makwagi -yya 00 ...................... / VC
kawa/kawy
(i-(i
""""""
s aaz . ................................ . :
handasit irrayy "
..." ....""""".sJj ~wJ "
it?islaam """""""""""""""""""""""".
is laami . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
issariica /1?islamiyya """""""
ilScaalam it?islaami """""-
giziira - guzui
""""""
?acdiyya - ?adaaya """""""
50
jaw
14
jealous
26
jealousy
16,19 Jerusalem
19
Jerusalem (third
holy place)
19
Jesus
18 ,31 jet aircraft
19
Jew
jewel
9,11 jeweler
jewelery
19
Jinn
17
job
joint (anat)
12
joke
12
jokes, to crack
26
joke, to
26
joking
16
Jordan
16
Jordan Rivers the
31
journalism
31
journalism,
science of
31
journalism, the
11,31 journalist (f)
31
journalistic
11,31 journalist (in)
31
journalists
31
journalist's
union
31
journalists'
union, head of
jovial (likeable)
26
joy
19
Judaism

14
11,17 judge
juice
juice, orange
1,27 July
30
jump in the
lake, let him
12
jump, to
18
jump, to
1,27 June
32
junior high
school
19
jurisprudent
(Islam)
f akk """""""""
yayyaar -uin ""
yiira
"""""""
il?uds """"""""
taalit ilhFarameen
" ". "" "" "" V9 -
J I J tm
yasuuT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
naf faasa -aat........................- ,( al9:
yahuudi - yahuud """"""
gawhara - gawaahir """""
. _u
- a
gawahirgi -yya ..................... "
mugawharaat "" " " " " " " " " " "
ginn
waziifa - wazaayif..............
u;
mafsal - mafaasil........................
nukta - nukat..................... .......-
nakkit/tankiit........................
/ .5
mazaFi/maz f (a) - (a) "7
mizaaFi .Fiizaar . " " " " " " " " . "
51
19
Kaaba, the
19
Kaaba, the cover-
ing of
19
Kaaba, the (holy
shrine, Mecca)
29
Kantar
18
keep right
(traffic sign)
29
kerat (weight)
kettle
kettle, electric
10
key
16
Khartoum
19
Kibla (Islam)
#42
kidney
kill, to
29
kilocycle
29
kilogram
29
kilometer
29
kilowatt
32
kindergarten
31
kindle, to
26
kind (person)
17,25 king
16
kingdom
26
kiss
26
kiss, to
26
kiss, to
8,10 kitchen
knead, to
knee
19
kneel in prayer,
to
knife

12
knob, radio
28
knock at, to
32
knowledge
32
know, to
ilbeet i1faraam....................... IJ.-J1 ~J1
ilkiswa sariifa............."""""
ilkaiba .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . d
"J
_I
?intaar - ?anatiir ""*.." ....
ilzam ilyimiin................... ......
'
ifJj i '
?iraat - ?arariit....................L,IJ
y allaaya -aat.........................-
., jJ
"l
yallaaya kahraba """"""".
a ,J,
muf taa h- maf atii Fi ...............!
ilxartuum .............J.1
qibla
.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
kilwa -kalaawi........................ " y," d y--
?atal/?atl
(i) - (u) ...../
kilusaykil ""...............,..
kilu . kilugraam """"""
kilumitr
.L,_
ki luwaat.............................. .!.9,, '
;oodit il?atfaal
"""""..
asa/is caal
L*
/J~
safuu? - sufa?a"
malik -muluuk............d
L -
I.
mamlaka - mamaalik
boosa -aat................................ -a..
bass/boos
(u) - (u)/
b aas /boos...................../
matbax -mataabix
Cagan/'iagn
c-
"............. lL
i) - (i)............v s/
rukba -rukab..................".............
rakac/rakia
(a) - (a) ...../
.,
52
13,32
18
4,12
10
20
20
20
18
28
32
22
19
27
27
14,27
27,28
32
7,26
12
11
17
11
11
13
14,32
31
31

25,31
253,31
32
32
20
20
28
16
laboratory
lace
lad
ladies' (lava-
tory)
ladle, a
ladle, to
lake
lamb
lamb (meat)
lamp
land
landlord
landlord
landlord
land, to
land (world)
lane (street)
language
lass
last
last meal of the
day in Ramadan
53
16
Lebanon
32
lecture
32
lecture, to
24
leek
left (direction)
lef t (direction)
leg
legal age, to
reach
19
legal opinion
(Islamic law)
25
legation
19
legitimate
lemonade
24
lemons
20
lend, to
12
lens
19
Lent
24
lentils
14
less
32
lesson
20
let for rent, to
30
let's~
31
letter (mail)
32
letter of the
alphabet
31
letters to the
editor
24
lettuce
30
let us.. .
25
level (n)
14
liar
31
liberal
31
liberation
31
liberty, depri-
31

vation of
liberty of the
press
11
librarian (f )
11
librarian (in)
28,32 library
28
library, public
32
library science
16
Libya
16
Libyan , a
lice
lick, to
lick, to
26
lies, to tell
7,28 life
12,18 lifebelt
lubnaan
..............
muira aat .................. ............. .
siaalirmuh..........................~ .../
rimal -.igee.............................,
balay/buluuy
(u) - (u) .....J0
J U.
fatwa - fataawi """""""
msfaww iyya.-aat............................l -
asiir lamuun........................
v~
lamnuun ,a -aat..................."" I
sallif/tasliif.....................
""""""
d c j9.J
,A
Ladasa -aat... .. ... . . .. . . . .. . . .... ....-
issiyaam ilkibiir................."""""
Tads , a-aat.......................
a?all ..................................
VI
dars - duruus..... .. .. .. .. .. .. ..........
aggar li/igaar........................
Y4 la
.1... ................./G
... ,_;/ r
~i
54
4,23
21
14
30
26
26
24
32
32
32
lightning
light (weight)
like (as)
like father,
like son #43
like, to
liking
limes
line
linen
linguistic
linguistics
bar?
.. . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . .
xaf iif
. .. . .. . .. .. . ..
_.,s
ka -zayy
ibn ilwi z z 'awwaam............. ........ !
hiabb /Fiubb
(i)
Ji CJ-4
.........
,./ ,
Fiubb
lamuun , a -aat... ... ... . . . ........
satr - sutuur
...................J-
ki ttaan.....................................
u Ls
luyawi...................................."
ilm illuya
L ."
..............cl .~J I
a&J
illasniyyaat

bawasal/wasl (a) - (i)................
..o / J00
as ad - us uud............................ .
siffa - safaayif............................-
afimar safaayif . ruuz................
L- Jo.,
saa?il - sawaa?il........................" " J~I - J. L
xamra - xuxnuur....................
mustami -iin..........................9
istamaS/istimaa
.....-
""""""
biar f iwaa ........ ..................... . JL.q
lining
link, to
lion
lip
lipstick
13,32 liquid
liquor
12,21 listener
12,21 listen, to
30
literally
14
literally (to the
letter)
32
literary
32
literary
criticism
32
literature
14
little
29
litre
liver (anat)
livestock
7,10 live, to
10
living room
loaf of bread
20
loan
20
loan, to take
_.r
55
20
12
20
12
21
12
26
30
26,31
26
14
26
26
26
14
14
18
13
24
20
lose, to
lose, to (game)
loss
lottery
loud
loudspeaker
love
love is blind
love passionate-
ly, to
love, to
loving
luck

luck, bad
luck, good
luckily
lucky
luggage
lumbago
lunch
lung
lupine
luxury
xisir/xusaara (a) - (a) '
xisir/xusaara (a) - (a) """""""""
xusaara . .. . . . . . . . . .
yanasiib .. .. . . . . . . . . .
aali .. . . . . . . . . . . . .
mukabbir soot "" " "" " """""
Fubb ...........................
it iubb a ima 66000". . . . . . . . . """ ""
Sisi?/cis? (a) -(a) " " " " . .
d, L
/.. c
/.
JL~
jCS~
Fiabb / Fubb
(i)
. / "z,
muFiibb -inn """..............-"
nasiib "..............................
suu? ilFiazz.................. . . . . . .....~
zuni a............................. JsnitazI
1iFusn ilFiazz.......................... .A JI (~
maFizuuz -iin .9...... . ......w (.j9
luaagu......................................Y
rimbaaat............. ...........
yadaa.h
...........................I t
--
56
male
14
malicious
19
Maliki (Islamic
school of
theology)
24
mallow, Jew's
(vegetable)
13
28
malnutrition
manager
man (as vs.
woman)
31
mandate
31
maneuver
24
mango
man (human being)
mankind
32
man of letters
32
manuscript
14 ,2 2 many
32
map
10
marble
1,27 March
mare
32
margin
31
Marines , the
8, 20 market
28
20
market, black
maroon (color)
marriage
married, to get
marry off, to
31
martial law
31
martyr
masculine (gr)
mash, to

32
11
mason
19
Mass
31
massacre
12,18 mast
24
10
12
mastic
mat
matches
match (game)
material (cloth)
32
mathematics
12
matinee
12
matinee
25
matters of the
hour
10
mattress
22
maximum
zakar - dakar
virriir - asraar.............................-
malki.......................................(5SJU
muluxiyyad--
suu? tayziya " " " " """ " " "
mudiir -iin
raagil - riggaala """""""
UL j --
intidaab
mungawr-a...............................-.:.
ins aan.....................................
ba diib-udab............................
maxtuut -aat...........................
1.
..... .-
I-.-
xariita - xaraayit .................." " . . -
ruxaam
maaris...................................
faras ..haw................................-
. U
.r
b:
57
30
may itc
good!
30
may nolr
you! I
17
mayor
8,28 meal, a
do you much
(food)
harm befall
#45
haniyyan
ls
la ba?sa Laleek...........................
umda - 'cumad ...........................
akla -aat """""............................zI _- JSl
wagba -aat ".........I
a9
Faqiir - Fuqaia....................... ..-
xasiis -uin -xusasa """"""-.A
igraa? -aat............................-
ardabb - aradibb
....-
meal, a
14
mean person
14
mean person
31
measure (action)
29
measure, dry
(Egypt)
29
measure, dry
(Egypt)
29
measure, dry
(grains)
29
measurement
29
measure , square
(1/24 feddan)
29
measure, to
29
measure, to (dry;
for grains)

6, 8 meat
meat balls, a
variety of
meat, canned
meat, ground
19
Mecca
19
Mecca pilgrim
11,18 mechanic, a
32
mechanical
engineering
31
medal
31
mediate, to
13
medical
32
medical science
13
medication
13
medicine, forensic
13
medicine
(medication)
13
medicine (science)
19
Medina (in Saudi
Arabia)
32
meditate, to
16
Mediterranean,
the
25
meeting
28
meeting
25
meeting, summit
28
meet, to
31
meet :with, to
24
melons, musk
23
melt, to
31
member
31
membership
membrane
58
men, for or
pertaining to
13
meningitis,
cerebrospinal
18
men's (lavatory)
menstruate, to
menstruation
31
mention, to
11,20 merchant
11,20 merchant,
commissioned
19
Merciful and Com-
passionate, the
(God)
19
Merciful, the
(God)
19
mercy, to have
30
mere ink on pa-
per (insignif i-
cant )
11
messenger
19
messenger
(religious)
32
metaphor
23
meteorological
station
29
meter, cubic
10
meter (e.&.. elec-
tric, water)
29
meter (measure-
ment)
29
meter, square
31
method
32
metonymy (indi-
rect speech)
Metro (transpor-

18
tation)
13
microbe
22
middle
27
Middle Ages, the
31
Middle East News
Agency
16
Middle East, the
rigaali
LSJL
it6wmma lmuxxiyya "
a 5 ,:_ aJ Ij
ssawkiyya
rigaal ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jl
Faadit......................................_
zakar/zikr
(u) - (u)
" .....7
taagir - tuggaar "............ .......
komisyongi -yya
c j9
irra Frmaan irra Eiiim """""....
I~
irra Fmaan
raFiam/raFima (a) - (a)
"""..
Fibr iala wara? "" """""""
saa~i - su~aah "...
rasuul - rusul
......
"""""""""
i st i Saar a . . . . . . . . . . . . .
,1..:,,,
mafiattit i1?arsaad """"""
ilgawwiyya
mi tr muka c ab.... .. .. .. . . ..........
Saddaad -aat................I _J-
mitr - amtaar """""""""
")L~I --)*
mitrmaba i................................._'te_
mttii .-.uru.........................~
i4
gursuuma - garasiim................. I
59
31
mine (explosive)
32
minerology
22
minimum
17
minister
17
minister of
agriculture
17
minister of air
17
minister of com-
merce
17
minister of com-
munications
17
minister of
economics
17,22 minister of
education
17
minister of
finance
17
minister of food
rationing
17,25 minister of for-
eign affairs
17
minister of
higher educa-
tion
17
minister of
industry
17
minister of
information
17
minister of
justice
17
minister of labor
17
minister of muni-
cipal and rural
affairs
17
minister of na-
17

tional guidance
minister of
planning
17
minister of
public health
17
minister of
public works
17
minister of re-
ligious endow-
ments
17
minister of
social affairs
17
minister of the
interior
17
minister of the
navy
17
minister of the
youth
17
minister of war
17,25 minister
plenipotentiary
17
ministry
17
ministry of
agriculture
layam - alyaam
"
film ilmataadin
innihaaya ssuyra
waziir - wuzara
waziir izziraaa
waziir ittayraan
waziir ittigaara
waziir ilmuwasalaat
r l 1 I - Al
os
60
17
ministry of air
17,20 ministry of com-
merce
17
ministry of
communications
17
ministry of
economics
17,32 ministry of
education
17
ministry of
finance
17
ministry of food
rationing
17,25 ministry of
foreign affairs
17
ministry of
higher education
17
ministry of
industry
17
ministry of
information
17
ministry of
justice
17
ministry of labor
17
ministry of muni-
cipal and rural
affairs
17
ministry of na-
tional guidance
17
ministry of
planning
17
ministry of
public health
17
ministry of
public works
ministry of

17
religious en-
dowments
17
ministry of so-
cial affairs
17
ministry of the
interior
17
ministry of the
navy
17
ministry of the
youth
17
ministry of war
24
mint
22
minus (arith-
metic)
31
minutes of a
meeting
27
minute (time)
19
miracle
19
miracle
9,10 mirror
14
miscarriage
miser
wizaarit ittayaraan
wizaarit ittigaaraa
wizaarit ilmuwasalaat
- J
****** ** 2 I J 1)
wizaarit il?iqtisaad ***********
J Lo-: -9 I d J I J .9
wizaarit ittarbiya
*****
..pJ
d "_;J
witta'liim
wizaarit ilmaaliyya
d_~) I9
".............
_ _JL.Jl
61
14
miserable
14
miserable
25
mission
25
mission, chief of
25
mission,
diplomatic
25
mission,
educational
31
mission (task)
4,23 mist
26
32
mistake
mistake, to make
mixer, electric
(food)
mix, to
31
moderate
19
Mohammed the
Prophet
19
Mohammed the
Prophet
19
Mohammed the
Prophet
moistness
molar
molasses
27
moment
19
monastery
15 ,2 7 Monday
20,29 money
20
money (capital)
29
money.,
counterfeit
20
money order
(postal)
19
money, ready
monk

29
monkey
19
monk's cell1
25
monopolize, to
25 ,31 monopoly
1,27 month
27
27
27
month, last
monthly
month, next
month, present
moon
23
moonlight
23
moon, the
26
morale
14,22 more
baa?is - bu?asa.........................'L .-L
ta'?iis - tu'casa.........................L~-:;- -
bicsa -aat....................
ra?iis ilbiicsa " " " " " " " " "
-1
b i sa diplomaasiyya.................... a 1. L-1--r e
b i cs a to cliimiyya
"..." "..."".".
G.a
muh imma -mah aaml_.-'t-o
sabbuura .dabaab
""""'"""
-a
yalta -aat aylaat.......................... " . "" .- -
yilit/yalta
(a) - (a) """""-""
dLJ /7ILLs
xallaat -aat ........................... -
xalat/xalt (u) - (i) """"""""""
muSctadil -uin """""'''''
innabi muhammad ""'
rasuulu llaah """"""'"
V.9, -
/ .L,
d-ii I
" "
62
16
13
20
19
19
19,28
19
14
14
32
31
18
18
12
7,18
18
12
28
19
11,19
24
32
22
13
16
28
12
12
12
32
19
24
13

28
Morocco
morphine
mortgage, to
Moslem judge
Moslem, to become
mosque
mosque
mosquito
mostly
mostly
mother
mother-in-law
Mother's Day
mother, step-
motive
motorcycle
mountain
mount, to
mount, to (horse)
mouse
mouth
move s.th., to
move, to
63
8,10
24
28
31
14
17
17
16
16
31
14, 30
26
26
26
14
14
31
14
16
nail (finger)
naked
nape
napkin
narcissus
narrate, to
narrate, to
narrow
nation

nation
nationalism
nationalism, Arab
nationalize, to
natural
naturally !
nature
nature, delicate
nature, of
delicate
nature (person)
naughty
naughty and
crafty
navel
navy
nearby
Near East, the
difr -dawaafir...........................
iryaan ... . . . . . . . . . . . . v , s
?af a ...................................... Lii_
fuuta - fuwat....................... .~ys
nargis .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fiaka/Fikaaya (i) - (i) "
rawa/riwaaya
(i) - (i)
"
CS./
/ ..
dayya? ....................................
umma - umam
"""""""
dawla - duwal
.0
J j-
qawmiyya -aat......................
ilqawaiyya lcarabiyya
""""""
'
..
tamimfa' ii.............................. .
tabcan .bittabc
mazaag latiif
""""""
"""""""""..
latiif ilmazaag -"."""""
4Ltbia .............
64
14
neither ... nor
nephew (b r so)
nephew (si so)
7,13 nerve (anat)
14
nervous
nervous system,
the
nest
6,12 net, a
25
neutral
31
neutral
25,31 neutrality
25
neutrality, posi-
tive
14,27 never
30
never: (i.e., a
likely story)
1146
14.27 new
31
news
31
news
12,31 newscast
31
news commentary
31
newspaper
31
newspaper
31
newspaper
12
newsreel
12
news, the
31
news, today's
31
news, tomorrow's
19
New Testament,
the
19
New Year
14
nice
14
nice
nice

14
niece (br da)
niece (si da)
27
night
28
nightclub
27
night, every
nightgown
nightingale
27
night, last
19
night on which
the Koran was
revealed
10
nights taned
27
nighttime
11,28 night watchman
16
Nile, the
la ... wala
'"
ibn il?axx
ibn il?uxt
...
"""
casab - acsaab
asabi -yyiin
"
ilgihaaz il~asabi
""""""f""""""s"""
0 0.L4"
sabaka - abak............................-
d-.
mu~aayid -uin............................-
Gala 1 iyaad..........................1 ;.
hiyaad "...............................
Fiiyaad igaabi................... ......,,1 j1.:
abadan......................................f 1
gidiid -gudaad """""""""'
xabar -axbaar.........................L..i- -
naba? -anbaa?......................_ =- _
nasrit il?axbaar....................."""'"i
65
22
nineteenth, the
(f)
22
nineteenth, the
(in)
27
nine to five
(time)
22
ninety
22
ninth (f)
22
ninth (mn)
22
ninth, one-
22
ninth, the (f )
14
no
28
no admittance
14
noble
14
noble origin, of
30
no call for that,
there is
30
no effect, of
(agreement)
21
noise
14
no matter what
31
nominal
25
nominate, to
32
nominative case
(gr)
31
non-aggression
pact
25
non-alignment,
policy of
25
non-intervention
30
nonsense
27
noon
19
noon prayer
(Islam)
18
no parking (traf-
16

fic sign)
north
North Africa
northern
nose
13
nose drops
18,30 no smoking
18
no standing
(traffic sign)
32
notebook
32
notebook
14
not (followed by
imperfect)
14
not (followed by
non-verbs)
14
not (followed by
ittisactaasar " """" "-""
ittisa'?taasar " """" """"
. -JLiI
U .J I
tis ca lla xainsa
~ ...~tl a~-L06
tis ciin .. .....................
...
tas'ia .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . .
t aasi T ......
.......
tus c1 ..............
ittasica ...........................
lala? .. . . . . . . . . . . . .
mamnuui1 idduxuul """""""."""""
nabiil -nubala
000&0#9
asiil - usala ...............".
mafiis daa~i li balaas ....................J
1.Li
sIJ 4
66
32
32
1,27
27
32
32
22
22
19
11
11,13
11
11,13
32
24
8,13
noun
novel
November
now
nuclear physics
number
number
numerous
nun
nurse (f )
nurse (f )
nurse (in)
nurse (in)
nursery school
nutmeg
nutrition
ism -asmaa?.....................-
riwaaya -aat .. ..............-
.,I
r. I-
n uvimb ir .. . . . . ... . . . . . .

dilwa?t -dilwa?ti """""""""""
ittabiica nnawawiyya................. : I
raqam - araam........................L, ( -
adad - adaad """"""""
adiid .kitiir """"""""S
rahba - raahiba -aat.............
tamargiyya -aat.......... " ...................- ..
mumarrida -aat..............................-
tamargi -yya ........................ ..-
mumarrid -un............................
madras it iada ana.... .. .. .. .. .. . . ....
gooz ittiib...........................0
tayziya
12,18
19
19
31
32
31
32
31
31
28531
25
17
14
31
1,27
30
30
31
J -Cs
.s
67
25
official
representative
31
of ficial,semi-
25
official speech
14
of (particle of
belonging) (f)
#47
14
of (particle of
belonging) (in)
#47
mumassil rasmi """" """"""
sibh rasmi " " " " " " " " " " " "
xitaab rasmi -""" " " "" " " "
bitaait - bituu' """"""
-.. LIZ.~**
bitaai - bituuc
14,27
31
of ten
oil
oil field
31
oil, olive
oil (petroleum)
oil, vegetable
13
ointment
29
oka (weight)
24
okra
27
olden times, in
old man
27
old (people)
19
Old Testament,
the
14,27 old (things)
old, to become

(age)
old woman
24
olives
31
Olympic games ,
the
16
Oman
omelet
31
omit, to
19
Omniscient, the
(God)
14
on
14
once in a while
14
on condition that
22
one (f )
22
one (in)
27
one o'clock
22
one of a pair
27
one thirty (time)
18
one way (traffic
sign)
24
onions
30
on the subject
of
31
on the point of,
to be
8,10 opener
8,10 opener, can
10
open, to
25
open, to
(inaugurate)
12
opera house, the
a Fyaanan ...............
l>
zeet - zuyuut............................:,-' - --
Fiaql bitrool -J~.- """"
J Js
9.
68
31
13
11
11
31
31
11
14,31
26
32
14
31
24
32
31
17,25
171,31
19
19
19
11
11
19
29
30
14
8,10
14
14
18
20
20
20
20

26
operation
operation
(surgical)
ophthalmologist (f)
ophthalmologist (in)
opinion
oppress, to
optician
optimistic
optimistic, to be
optional
or
oral (e.g. exam)
orange7(-olor)
oranges
orator
order, to
organ (anat)
organization
organization
origin
ornament
ornamented
ornament, to
69
31
19
19
31, 32
13,26
13
13
10
11
10
22
10,17
28
16
16
16
19
Pacific Ocean
pact (treaty)
pagan
paganism
page
pain
pain
painful
paint
painter
paint, to
pair, a
pajama
palace

Palestine
Palestine
Liberation
Organization
Palestinian, a
palm (hand)
Palm Sunday
ilmufiiit ilhaadi
mcahda-aat..................."
wasani -yyiin "" " """"
ilwasaniyya
saof ha-aat .. . . . . . . . ..
alam -alaam
waga - awgaaT """"""""
mu?lim .. . . . . . . . . . .
dihaan . . . . . . . . . . . .
na??aas -uin """"'"""""""
dahan/dahn (i) - (i) """"
gooz .. . . . . . . . . . . .
biiaama-aat """"""""
qar- qusuui """""""""
6 - -4'
filistiin "" " " " " " " " " " " " "
munazzamit ittaF~riir " &".. .w, y~~J L-1
ilfilistiiniyya
filistiini -yyiin
kaff - kufuuf
""
Fadd issacaniin
Fiadd izza caf
v9 - "5
32
paper
31
parachute
19
paradise
19
Paradise
70
32
parts of speech
25,28 party
25
party, dinner
25
party, evening
18
passenger
18
passenger
18
passenger boat
18
passenger train
26
passion
19
Passion Week
32
passive (gr)
17
passport
17
passport office
12
pass the time,
to
12
27
paste
pastime
past, in the
pastry
pastry, Arabic
#50
pastry, Arabic
#51
32
past (tense)
pasture, a
pasture, to
patch, to
(garment)
14
patient
13
patient,: a
26
patient, to be
11,19 Patriarch
19
patriarchate
31
patriotic
31
patriotism
pavement

28
paw
20
pawn, to
20
pay, to
31
peace
31
24
peacemaker
peach (color)
peaches
peacock
pearls
24
pears
24
peas
24
peas, chick
32
pedagogy
28
pedestrians
11
pediatrician (f)
11
pediatrician (in)
aqsaam ilkalaam """""""
"" f Ir
fiafla -aat..............-~W
Fhafli t 'asa................LA
LLi
Fafla saahira.......................""
raakib - rukkaab........................ - .I
musaafir -uin...........................-~
baaxirit rukkaab .. ... . . . .. . . . .......J
?atr rukkaab... . . . .. . . . .. . . .. . ... LL
usbuu it i?alaam........................"'"'~
maghuul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J." -
gawaaz safar.... .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . ....
idaarit ilgawazaat...................C" JIJI lI ,JI W
itsalla/tasliya .............. f1L
maciguun - ma'cagiin """"
.w
v,
tasliya - tasaali................JL..
filmaadi -zamaan """"""""
f itiira - fataayir
UI
71
32
pen, fountain
13
penicillin
peninsula
penis
17
pension
people
51,17 people (of a
nation)
24
pepper
24
pepper, black
24
pepper, green
24
peppermint
24
pepper, red
22
per cent
22
percentage
21
perception
12
performance,
continuous
12
performance,
evening (movie>}
12
performance,
movie
perfume
14,30 perhaps
30
perhaps
31
periodic
32
period
(punctuation)
27
permanent
14
permanently
permanent wave
(hair)
permission
17
permit, a
17
permit, to
16
Persian Gulf, the
32
Persian language

31
?alam Fibr............... .......".. .'
p ins iliin....................
?dib aiia..............................
"
nassaa -a... ..........................I - U....L'l
saicb - suuub
--"" "
filfil ,a -aat " """'""'J~L
f il f il i swi d.. . .. . . . . ...................JS"J' J
f ilf il axdar """"""""""0"""
ni cnaaT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,...
f ilf il aFimar... ... .. ... . . .. . . . .......J-9
f ilmiyyasI
nisba mi?awiyya.....................d--
idraak
...............................
card mustamirr................
Fiafla masaa?iyya " " " "
a_,'.1. ,,...o
'd.,.l
card .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
itr - Vuuur
rubb ama
lacal la.... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . ....J
dawni ...............
nu?ta - nu?at.......................................4 " " " J
daa?im ..daayim """"""""""""""""""""""""
daa?iman dayman............................L--K
permanant...............................c.U
izn
"""".."".""."".""....".."".."""..
tasriih -aat
sarraA/tasriih ...................
ilxaliig ilSarabi """""""
illuya lfaarisiyya.................""
ilfarsi
saxs - axaas.........................
. L$J
....
72
12
photographer
12
photograph, to
32
phrase
32
physical
education
32
physical exercise
32
physics
32
physiology
29
piaster (Egyp-
tian coin; =
1/100 pound)
pickles
pickle, to
10,12 picture
19
piety
pig
pigeon
pigeon, fried
19
pilgrimage to
Mecca
19
pilgrimage to
Mecca #52
19
pilgrim's guide
in Mecca
13
pill
10
pillar
10
pillow
11,18 pilot
24
12
pin
pine nuts
ping-pong
pink
31
pioneer
19
pious
19
pious person
31
pistachio

24
pistachio (color)
pistol
pitcher
pitcher (jug)
26
pity
plain, a
planet
24
plant
24
plantation
24
plant, to
plate (dish)
plate (dish)
18
platform
18
platform ticket
12
play, a
12
player
misawwaraati -yya
sawwar/taswiir
"- ''"
c9
"""""r
/j.
'ibaara -aat........................-
ittarbiya rriyadiyya " ' " "&" "Jd
riyaaj a
.. .... ..... .
?irs ?irs saay - ?uruus """'
mixallil..
... ...... . .
J .o
xallil/taxliil """""""
/ J--1
s uura -suwar...... .. .. .. .. .........-
tadayyun.....................C-'~-
xanziir - xanaziir "
"
_ -
--
hiamaama - Aamaam................." " "- "
Fiamaam mi fiammar..........................j"
L".
rc
Ai g9 d gga
umra r::Gr:
G. .. . . . . . . . .
mu tawwi f
Fabba -aat - ubuub ""
0 aud-acid -. --
73
26
26
25
17
17
24
32
22
13
32
32
32
32
31
25,31
13
13
17
28
11
28
11
11,28
17
28
17
17
17
28
25 ,31
10
14
25
32
31

31
25,31
24
14
19
31
12,18
28
11,18
please s.o., to
please s .o. , to
plebiscite
plenary session
plumber
plums
plural (gr)
plus (arithmatic)
pneumonia
pocket
poem
poems, collection
of (by one poet)
poet
poetry
point at, to
point of view
poison
poisoning
police commis-
sioner
policeman
74
20
possession
20
possess, to
14
possible
14
possible, it is
30
possibly
17
postal
administration
17
postmark
17,28 post office
27,31 postpone, to
potato, baked;
stuffed with
meat
24
potatoes
pot, clay
pot, cooking
pot, earthen
18
pothole
pot, tea
(non-china)
poultry
29
pound (currency)
29
pound (monetary
unit, Lebanon)
29
pound (weight)
pour out, to
pour, to
13
powder
17
power, executive
14
powerful
17
power, judicial
17
power,
legislative
practical
30
praise be to God
30
praise the Lord

32
for your safety
#55
26
praise, to
19
prayer
19
pray for, to
19
pray, to
19
preach, to
31
precaution
14
precisely
32
predicate (gr)
31
predominate, to
26
prefer, to
pregnant
pregnant, to
become
5,7
pregnant, to
become
31
preliminary
17
premier
imtilaak .............*............. y -
imtalak/imtilaak ******** **""
mumkin
**...................
min ilmumkin """ ***" " " ""
rubbama ** * * * * * * * * . . . * L
maslahit ilbariid ...".............. I -L
xitm ilbariid ~ ********t
xitm ilbusta
maktab ilbariid ~ "......
ilbusta
aggil/ta?giil
*************
kubeebit bataatis
*.......*
bataatis ...........................
?idra - ?idar **
***
,Ja- - d
.."
75
32
preparatory edu-
cation (junior
high)
13
prescribe, to
13
prescription
19
present given on
a feast day
32
present (tense)
27
present time,
at the
32
present, to be
17
presidency
17,25 President
25
President-elect
17
presidential
palace
17
presidential
palace
17
president,
university
31
press
31
press (adj)
31
press campaign
31
press conference
23,31 pressure
31
pretend, to
14
pretty
31
prevent, to
14
previously
20
price
26
pride
17
prime ministry
17,25 prince
17
prince, crown
17,25 princess

25,31 principle
17
printed matter
32
printing house
12,32 print, to (pic-
ture, book)
31
prisoners of war
31
prisoner, to take
31
private
18
private car
32
private school
32
prize
31
probable
31
procession
11,12 producer
11,32 professor (f)
11,32 professor (in)
20
profit
ittacliim iti Sdaadi
... .. . rs I -z LI
wa?af/wa,5fa (i) - (i) """
rusitta -aat "" " "" " " " " " "
cidiyya .. .. . .. .. . . . . . .
x9,
b-,
x0.
cL,3
ilmudaari
. . .. . . . . .. .
,,.
filwa?t ilhaadir.................. JI
JI
dilwa?t
Faa/ Ruduur (a) - (u)
/ " , ,o
ri?aasa . . . . . . . . . . . . . .a~1
ra?iis - ru?asa........................L.,
irra?iis i lmuntaxab "
daa irriyaasa.........................
ilqasr ilguinhuuri
I ' ,,..,. ,.
76
31
prominent
28, 31 promise, to
17
promotion
12
prompter
32
pronoun
32
pronounce , to
25,31 propaganda
20
property
19
prophet
19
prophetic tradi-
tion (Islam)
19
Prophet's jour-
ney, the 1156
19
Prophet's jour-
ney, the #57
19
22
Prophet, the
proportion
propose to a
girl, to
32
prose
19
prostration
19
protect, to
(act of God)
19
Protestant
25,31 protest, to
25
protocol
25
protocol, chief
of
32
protractor
26
proud
26
proud, to be
32
proverb
31
p rove, to
17
province
17
provincial

council
31
provisions
14
prudent
19
Psalm
31
pseudonym
11
psychiatrist
32
psychiatry
32
psychology
puberty
31
public
13
public health
13
public health,
ministry of
32
publisher
31
publish, to
31,32 publish, to
19
pulpit
baariz -uin................................
wacad/wa'id
(i) - (i)
0000#0/
tar?iya -aat..............................-
s.:
mulaqqin -iin.............................
damiir - dainaayir....................
iaf az/af z
(u) - (u).................." J~.J ~1/ LJ
dicaaya -aat..........................ci -
milk -amlaak..................
.."......
nai-aniya........ ........................-
it?israa?
ilmi Sraag
,I .,
innabi . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
nisba -nisab """""""""
xatab/xutba (u) - (u)................. b
xutuub a
nasr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
77
19,31
32
32
32
20
18
31
31
punish, to
pupil (f)
pupil (in)
purchased goods
purse
push, to
put on, to
(garment)
put, to
put,3'to
aaq ibl/'iq aab
0 00. . . . . . 00 00
UJC
cz,
tilmiiza -aat
""
tilmiiz - talamiiz
"""'""
."0
tal amza
mus tarayaat
kiis - akyaas
dafaiidaf c
libis/libs
FHat/Fiatt
wadac/wads'
(a) _-(a) ....
(u) -(u) . . . . .

(a) - (a) .. . . . .
L.Z / I
t c / to
16
17
31
22
17
29
17,25
32
32
28
14
30
10
32
Qatar
qualifications
quality
quantity
quarter of town
quarter-pound
(Egyptian note;
= 25 piasters)
queen
question
question mark
queue
quickly
quiet, be!
quilt
quote, to
qatar ............................
78
18
rail
18
railroad
18
railroad travel
18,28 railway station
43,23 rain
4,23 rainbow
23
raining, it is
4,23 rain, to
18
24
19
raise, to
raisins
rain
Ramadan (Muslim
month of fast-
ing)
31
range (extent)
range, gas
rarely
rat
17
ration card
razor
31
reactionism
31
reader
32
read, to
27
ready
27
ready, to be
25
reaffirm, to
20
real estate
31
reason (cause)
31
rebuild, to (e.&
a city after
war)
31
receive, to (s. th .
28
reception
25
reception,
official
reception party
12
reception (radio,

25
T.V.)
19
to
14
recite the Koran,
reckless
25 ,31 recognize, to
(acknowledge)
31
reconciled, to be
31
reconcile (with) ,
to
12
record (disc)
31
record, to
13
recover, to
(health)
32
rector
(university)
?adiib -?udbaan """"U c -
- '=
issikka lFiadiid.....................r. . 1j~I ...JI
issafar bissikka lFiadiid ""
.j JI 1 L JS.J UA.j
maFiatit issikka lhadiid """
n.JIIS-LJ1 a....
matar -- amtaar...................... ,tL I -
qoos quzuFi . . . . . . .. . . . . .
ismbimattar ................................ .Jf
rafa9/raf c
(a) - (a).................. / c;
zibiib ,a -aat......"""'.........-=
kabs - kibaas......................."" USL
ramadaan...................................cv ~.,
ni taaq . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
butagaaz -aat..............I -
3 U.
qallama - ?aliil lamma..........................-U
faar - f iraan.........................." v l
l-
bitaa?it ittamwiin """""
muus - amwaas............................J yJ- L
., _I
.. LU-.
79
32
31
25
31
12
10
31
31
13
25
31
26,31
26
25
26
reference (book)
referendum
reform
refrain from, to
refreshment room
ref reshments
refrigerator
refugee
refugee camps
refuse (dirt)
refuse, to
regiment
regret, to
regret, to
reins
reject, to
rejoice, to

margic' - maraagiT .......
istiftaa? -aat.........................-
z.~
islaaF -aat.......................... .. -
imtanac can/imtinaai
../c9T&--
bufeeh -aat................................
murattibaat.............................." UJro
tallaaga -aat.................
laagi? -uin........................... v. - L--
muxayyamaat illagi?iin ............C" v- -L" f
wasaaxa............................ t..... I- 9
rafad/rafd
(u) - (u) """"""""
J/
katiiba - kataayib..............."" 2 U- -
asif/asaf
(a) - (a) ............ '/ j'
nidim/nadam
(a) - (a) """"""
ligaam -igl .................
rafad/rafd
(u) - (u)..............L$" " "
firi F /faraF (a) - (a) """""
saahir/musahra """"/""
related
riage,
related
by mar-
to become
to
25
25
relations
25
relations,
betterment of
25
relations,
diplomatic
25
relations, firm
25
relations,
friendly
relationship
./
a9
80
18
19,26
17
17,25
16
17
16
16
16
repair, to
repent, to
report
representative
republic
republican
Republic of
Algeria, the
Republic of Egypt
Republic of Iraq,
sallaFi/tasliiFt............................/
taab/tooba
(u) - (u) """""""
ta?riir - ta?ariir...................."
, U." -
mumassil -iin.......""""...."..
gumhuriyya -aat.........""
gumhuuri
."".........
..............
ilgumhuriyya
.""""""
lagazaa?iriyya
gumhuriyyit masr....................
..oda
ilgumhuriyya................ ~IJ.,I I, *--J I
1 'iiraa?iyya
ilgumhuriyya lliibiyya
ilgumhuriyya ssudaniyya
"L"JJ " "
"*. " "
the
16
Republic of
Libya, the
Republic of

16
Sudan, the
16
Republic of
Tunisia, the
16
Republic of
Yemen, the
31
request, to
31
request , to (beg)
ilgumhuriyya ttuunisiyya""00
I 'a
25
32
32
18
Y*_. .'
18,28
17
31
31
12
31
12
20
20
26
31
8,18
28
18
rescue, to
research
research, to do
reserved
reserve, to
resign, to
,,J 1
,/
81
24
14
18,28
12
12, 31
26
27
19
4,12
28
16
29
18
18
31
31
10
10
10
28
rib
ribbon
rice
rich
ride, to
riding, horseback
rifle

right (adj )
right (clock)
right (direction)
righteousness
ring (finger)
ring, wedding
ring (wedding
band)
river
Riyadh
riyal (coin,
Egypt & Iraq)
road
road travel
roast, to
rock
rocket
role
roof
room (chamber)
room (chamber)
room, double
chic' - duluuT
""""""""""-
siit- saraayit..................""
ruzz...............................
yani - ayniya..................... ..
rikib/rukuub
sI-
(a) - (a)
rukuub ilxeel...... .. . . . . . . . . . . . ....J
bundu?iyya - banaadi?................. j
sahiiiR
..........
mazbuuta
yimiin
..........................
salaaR
...
"
. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .
xaatim - xawaatim..... .. .. .. .. . . . . ... -
J J/
82
19
19
14,26
20
24
12,18
18
18
18
18
19
19
17
20
11,20
113,20
11
7,13
21
30
30
30
30
16
19
31
14
31

13
15,27
16
16
16
sacred
sacrifice
(Christianity)
sad
saddle
saddle girth
safe, a
safety razor
saffron
sail, a
sailing boat
sailing vessel
sailor
sail, to
saint
saint, patron
salad
salary
sale (in price)
saleslady
salesman
sales
83
16
Saudi Arabian
Kingdom, the
sausage
sauteed
31
savage
30
save for a
rainy day
19
save, to
19
save, to
20
save, to (money)
20
20
20
20
32
8,29
14
12
12
12
31
28,32
13
32
32
32
32
32
9,10
12
13
13
12
12
18

23,27
saving
savings
savings bank
savings book
say, to
scales
scared
scene
scene (acting)
scenery
schedule
school
school of
medicine
science
Science Day
sciences, natural
scientific
scientist
scissors
score (game)
scorpion
scratch, a
scratch, to
screen, cinema
script, movie
sea
seasickness
season
ilmamlak lcarabiyya "..". . -
ssu~uudiyya
84
19
sect
19
sect
31
sector
25,31 security
25
Security Council
13
sedative
8,24 seed
21
see, to
31
seize, to (the
opportunity)
31
self-deter-
mination
14
selfish
31
self-sufficiency
29
sell or buy on
credit, to
20
sell, to
17
senate
31
send an envoy, to
18
send, to
17
seniority (job)
21
sensation
26
sensation
21
sense
21
senses, the five
26
sense, to
14,21 sensitive
21
sensitivity
26
sensory perception
32
sentence
32
sentence,
nominal (gr)
32
sentence, verbal
(gr)
sentiment
26
sentimental

26
1,27 September
12
serial (n)
32
series
31
serious (grave)
31
seriousness
(danger)
19
sermon
serpent
13
serum
11
servant (f )
11
servant (in)
25
serve, to
18
service station
sesame seed,
mazhab - mazaahib "'""" " " " -I
tayfa - tawaa?if
-.;
qitaac -aat.......................... .- I_ L :
ann - amaan
- -
maglis il?amn...........................&-::J I a
musakkin -aat""""""""""
bizra -buzuur """"""
saaf /oof
(u) - (a) "''"'
,.
,/ c5I
intahaz/intihaaz ""'"""""/ -
taqriir ilmasiir..................... Ip j:Z
anaani -yyiin ......."..v
_. L I
il?iktifaa? izzaati................." ..:, I.3 J I ~~
s akkik .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .s
baac/beet? (i) - (i) """ " ""
maglis issuyuux.......................... .
awfad/ifaad............ """"" jUCl/
baicat/bast (a) - (a)
~/~
?a?damiyya -aat..................0
Fiassa - Fawaas.......................... a-
,/
85
22
seven (f)
27
seven forty-
five (time)
22
seven hundred
22
seven (in)
27
seven o'rclock
22
seventeen (f)
22
seventeen (in)
22
seventh (f )
22
seventh (in)
22
seventh, one-
22
seventh, the (in)
27
seven thirty-five
22
seventieth, the
22
seventy
31
severance of
relations
10
sewing machine
sew, to
sexual inter-
course
sexual inter-
course, to have
sexually mature,
to become
19
Shafiitic (Islam)
#62
28
shake hands, to
26
shame
20
share, a (stock)
20
share-holders
20
share (portion)
16
sharj ah
21
sharp
shave, to
shaving
shaving cream
14

she
sheep
10
sheet, bed
19
sheik (Islam)
10
shelf
31
shell (bomb)
shell (e..g. sea
shell)
shepherd
21
shiny
18
ship
18
ship
18
ship
shirt
shish kebab
sabca (saba?)
s ab Sa lla rub T
.~-~z 0 0 0
subcumiyya...................'~-~--
sab'?a (saba?) .. . . . . . . . . . . . _;,
sabactaasar " " " " " " "" " " "
sabactaasar " " " " " " "" " " "-
sabi?..................................... . U.
issaabi?.................................. l
s ab ca wnuss wxamsa " " L_ i- L:j - 9L U.JIi bci ........ . .. ,
sab Tiin .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . t s .
q at cil Silaqaat.................... c ,L(Uy f ! LI
makanit xiyaata """""""
xayyat/xiyaata ""0"""-""""""""
gimaa?
. . . . .. . . . . .
"""""""
/ ."j
86
12
20 ,2 8
14
13
32
12
10
30
30
14
14
13
13
13
10,28
25
21
21
18
17
31
17
14

20
19,26
19,26
19
16
14
14
12
12
19
32
18
13
30
shoot, to (sport)
shop
shore
shortly
short-sightedness
shorts, pair of
short story
shoulder
shout, to
show, a
shower, a
shut up !
shut up !
shy
sick and tired
sick (f)
sick (ni)
sick, to be
side (anat)
87
27
six o'clock
22
sixteen (f)
22
sixteen (mn)
22
sixth (f)
22
sixth (mn)
22
sixth, one-
27
six twenty-five
22
sixty
29
size
skeleton
skin
skin, to
skirt
skull
4,23 sky
14
slanderer
18
sleeping car
7,27 sleep, to
14
18
sleepy
sleeve
slide, to
slipper
31
slogan
27
slow
27
slow (clock)
18
slow down
(traffic sign)
14
slowly
14
small
13
smallpox
21
smell
21
smell, sense of
21
smell, to
26
smile, to
smoke
smoke, to

18
(cigarettes)
snack
snake
12
snapshot
7,13 sneeze, to
snore, to
4,23 snow
30
so-and-so
30
so-and-so
30
so-and-so
83,9 soap
soap, laundry
soap, toilet
28
sociable
28
social
17
Socialist Party,
sit tasar...............
...** ........Q,; cs ....
sittaasar
"" """" -". ""
sadsa"
"" " " " ."" ".
..s :~
,,, (
saadis..................................... .,,&L.
suds .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
v, ~
si tta wnus s illa xams a " -i j .s9
1 d .".,-fLIi
ii?aas -aat............."""""""............
haykal - hayaakil """""""
salax/salx
(u) - (u)
5.. /
t. -
5.
gunilla juup -aat.........................y.
gumnguia- gainaagiin "" *"" "".. "".... .
nanmaam -iin
v ,
a..
'arabiyyit noom...................."" ..JWI .ig.
naamn/noom
(a) - (al "" ""y".
./
naScsaan -iin """""""""""
kummi - akinaam........................ ..SI -
itzafa?/tizahilii? """"""
.r
/ ..
l,.
88
11
social worker (in)
28
society
16,28 society, Arab
32
sociology
sock
10
sofa
21
soft
20
sold
sole (fish)
32
solid, a
31
solution
31
solution,
peaceful
31
solution,
temporary
31
solve, to
30
so many ... #63
14
some
14,27 sometimes
son
mu ari .ima....................... ..
_-"..
ilmugtamaL ilcarabi................... " I1 i 1
Lilm il?igtimaaL..................."'-?
'1-
saraab -aat............................I_ ...- ,,:
kanaba -aat ...*...............
- GIJ'a.S
naacim .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . .
mubaaL.N.mitbaaL """""""""""
s aiak muus a..... ..................
gism sulb...............................-- .
Fall - Fuluul.......................... - 9JV
Fall s ilmi...................~..
hall muwa??at............................'"" S J
kazlall.(i).-.(u..... ..................... 1 / ,.-5
kazad ................................
ahyaanan

ibn -abnaa? """"""""""""
-t
awiaad
uyniya - ay aani """""'""
sl-
uyniyit ilmuusim............... .yI 2
ayaani sa~biyya.......................
UL
sihr - ashaar..............................
?urayyib ?ariibban """""""'"'
sahihaar -iin.............................-
sihir - asfiaar.............................
iltihaab f i1Fhangara """ ""
asaf
J-.",
L-W
....... ....... ..
muta?assif "' "" " " "" " " "
it?assif/ta?assuf """""""""
12
31
12
14
19
19
13
26
30
26
20
19,26
21
21
25,31
.,..U / ,.
89
32
18
18
32
20
8, 24
24
14
12
13
10
23
31
31
32
28
24
32
32
12
10
17
17
speech (talking)
speed limit
speed limit

spelling
spend, to (money)
spices
spider
spinach
spine
spinster
spin, to
spit, to
spit, to
spontaneously
spoon
sports
sprain, to
spray, to
spring
spy, a
spy, to
square
square, main
(of town)
squash
squeeze, to
stable (n)
stadium
stage
stage (theatre)
stairs
stamp, a
stamp, postage
issalqu..... ........................~
hiadisu ............................
l~~ 4.J
anfaq/infaaq """"""""
tawaabil
90
18
18
22
25
28
18
18
18
25,31
31
31
13
13
29
18
11
18
11
21
31
12
19
20
20
4,10
28
20
4,23
32
10
31

8,24
183,28
11,28
28
28
25
31
31
14
station
s tationmas ter
statistics
stature
status, official
stay up late, to
steamship
steamship
steersman
step
step-by-step
step-by-step
solution, the
sterility (women)
sterilize, to
sterling, pound
steward
steward, air
stewardess
stewardess, air
stinky
91
32
students, top
32
study
31
study group
32
studying
10
study room
32
study, to
32
study, to
stuffed cabbage
stuffed eggplant
stuffed food
stuffed tomatoes
stuffed vine
leaves
stuffed zuccini
stuff, to
31
stumbling block
14
stupid
14
s tupif ied
32
style
31,32 subject
32
subject (gr)
31
subject to,
to be
31
submarine
17
subordinate, a
(f)
17
subordinate, a
(in)
31
subscribe, to
31
subscription
12
subtitles (movie)
22
subtract, to
28
suburb
32
succeed, to
(attain)
such-and-such

30
suckle, to
suckling baby
16
Sudan
16
Sudanese, a
14,27 suddenly
16
19
Suez Canal
Sufism
sugar
sugar bowl
24
31
sugar cane
suggest, to
suit
18
suitcase
20
sum
32
summarize, to
32
summary
awaa?il ittalaba........................tU Jf JI
diraasa -aat............................- '..
nadwa -aat . .. . . . . . . .. .
d.
muzakra....................................3SI.
oodit maktab..........................."4
daras/dars
(i) - (u) /""""
zaakir/muzakra........................ -
ma hi kurunb .. . . . . . . . . .
,;-'
maFvi bidingaan """"""""
maFs~
l.J.1
"""".."".i,,y
ma Fi itamaa tim .. ""..". . . . .'Cb - m iiwaa inb " " " " " " "2.0
maFviwka .na... ........ ....... ....'
Fa~a/fiasy (i) - (u) .y .. ../
Hagar Lasra .......................... Jd - ''
y ab i- aybiya.... . . .. . . . .. . . . ....: -
mazhuul -uin............................
usluub - asaliib.....................- JL-f
92
24
sunflower
19
Sunna (Islam)
#64
19
Sunna of the
Prophet #65
19
Sunni (Islam)
23
sunny
23
sunrise
23
sunset
19
sunset prayer
(Islam)
23
sun, the
30
superb !
31
superficial
32
superintendent
of schools
19
superstition
11,17 supervisor
supper
31
supplement
31
supplementary
20
supply and demand
31
support, to
31
suppose, to
13
suppository
(medical)
31
supremacy of law
17
supreme adminis-
strative court
30
sure! (I'll do
it)
surface
11
surgeon (f)
11
surgeon (mn)
13
surgery
34
surprised
31
surprised at,

29
to be
31
surrender, to
swallow (bird)
swallow, to
19
swear by God, to
19
swear, to
sweater
71,23 sweat, to
10
sweep, to (house)
21
sweet
sweet pastry
#66
sweets
13
swelling
13
swell, to
abbaad isams.........................,,zJI s
sunna ".. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .w
sunnit innabi.............................. JI d:.
sunni
musmis
suruu?
yuruub
salaat
issams .. . . . . . . .
ilmayrib .. . . . . . . .JI
mudhis . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .
mudiir ittarbiya............ " ",-
witta liim
xuraaf a-aat..................
muaa i -............... .................- ,
mul Fla? - malaaFii?...." "....... " . .. .-v
mut aimim . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . ..:
93
32
32
32
26
26
32
16
16
16
17
25
syllable
syllabus
symbol
sympathize, to
sympathy
synonym
Syria
Syrian, a
Syrian Arab
Republic, the
system (method)
system
(organization)
maqtaSc - maqaatis.......................-
manhag - manaahig
"""""........ r._.. -
ramz - rumuuz.........................
Lataf Sala/
:o
..- .
(i) - Ci) "*" L"U "
atf
muadf-................................. -
surya ........... ........... .......
- s"
suuri -yyi in.............." " ....................- ,
s suuriyya
nizaam - anzima . nuzum ''''
gihaaz -aghiza
table
10
table
10
tablecloth
32
table (e._&. time-
tab le)
19
table of contents
tablespoon
taboo
tahini
tahini salad
63,18 tail
tailor
19
take an oath, to
19
take an oath, to
30
take it, please!
#67
18
take off, to
20
take, to
14
19
talkative
talk, to
Talmud
tamarind
24
tangerines
21
tangible
31
tank (weapon)
12
tape
12 ,32 tape recorder
tart (n)
31
task
31
task force
25
tasks of his
position
31
--. - LI

10
32
"""""".........1-
Tass (news
agency)
s/
biU
94
21
21
20
20
18
18
20
11, 32
11,32
32
32
32
26
taste, sense of
taste, to
taxes
tax (finance)
taxi
taxi
tax, income
tea
teacher (f)
teacher (in)
teaching
teach, to
teach, to
tear (eye)
teaspoon
tea with milk
Fiassit iddoo?.......................... .;,JJI ' L,,.
daa?/doo?
(u) - (u) """""""""
daaayib . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1J,

dariiba - daraayib """"""-.:.,,
taxi " . . " " . " " " " " " " " " "
9arabiyya ugra.".""""""""""""""""".......... dL,.
dariibit iddaxl *.*. .....
s aay ..............................1:
mudarrisa N~ muciallima -aat '*" I- a
mudarris -mucallim -uin " "5"..
tadriis
,'
,J
darris/tadriis """
""""""
dimca - duinuu "..".""."..".""."..".".".. ......- ,
mala?i t saay.......................... .:.as.
saay bi1abanb
mustalaF istilaaF -aat ""I- ~JI .&.
bariyya-..........
..
tilliyraaf -aat
maktab ittilliyraaf -= :::"..
tilifoon -aat.......""..................
32
technical term
25, 31 telegram
28
telegraph office
10
telephone
17
telephone
administration
28
telephone call
17
telephone
central off ice
10,12 television
31
television
program
12
television set
26
temperament
13, 23 temperature
19
temple
14,27 temporarily
L J 1i ,_:
95
13
test, medical
32
test (school)
13
tetanus
32
text books
31, 32 text (e.g. of
speech)
31
thank for, to
19
thank God, to
26
thanks
19
thanksgiving
30
thanks ! (thank
you) (general)
30
thanks ! (thank
you) (general)
30
thanks to
30
thanks to God
28
thank, to
30
thank you #68
30
thank you #69
30
thank you #70
30
thank you #71
30
thank you #72
30
thank you #73
taF liil - taF~aliil
......
ixtibaar -.imtiF aan -aat " "*'
titanus.................................
-v
L~-.
kutub madrasiyya............."................ ...
nass -nusuus...........................
sakar Gala/
(u) - (u)
-5 ~
." ''/
yA
s ukr
Fiamad / iaid
(i) - (a)... .............
sukr
.................;
sukr
.................
"
sukran
mu t a akk ir .....,.........
,,
J.Q. 9

bif adl.....................................
ilFiamdu lillaah...........................JJ
vakar/sukr
jJ)
(u) - (u)..............."
ahian wasahian biik.....................dj
allaah yi?ansak.........................
allaah yibaarik fiik................"
allaah yiFtfazak
'IL
&.LI
s- .. L j,)L. .ULI
"*.."........"
allaah yisallimak.................
.......
s .
&JiI
.. LI
allaah yisarraf.................&i J, IJi.
ii?daarak
ancam allaah Laleek................"
L n - .LJI
Fiayaatak ilba?ya.....................cLa.
daymnan
...............
daamit Fiayaatak
l .-Jr L
(.
"""""""
""
,r
daymnan Saanir..............................
*aFi badanak..........................
d- -,
minawwar bi*FRaabu.....................d-i U,0
allaah yihanniik........................
.~JI l .
?ahwa dayman................
allaah yibaarik fiik...............s
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
thank
thank
thank
thank
thank
J4
y~
etL x.1J1
'-
96
30
there is no place
like Cairo
13
thermometer
13
thermometer
14
these
14
these (f d)
14
these (nm d)
14
they (f )
14
they (in)
thigh
14
thin
31
thing
31
thing
31
think, to
18
third class
22
third (f)
22
third (in)
22
third, one-
thirsty, to be
22
thirteen (f )
22
thirteen (in)
22
thirteenth, the
(f)
22
thirteenth, the
(mn)
22
thirty
14
this (f)
14
this (mn)
14
those
22
thousand, one
thread
threaten, to
27
three days ago
22
three (f )
22
threefold
22
three hundred
22
three hundred and

25
sixty-five (f )
22
three hundred and
sixty-five (in)
22
three (mn)
22
three million
27
three o'clock
22
three-quarters
27
three ten (time)
22
three thousand
throat
throat (also
larynx)
17
throne
18,31 throw, to
4,23 thunder
inasr unii iddunya 0""""6"""
LJi ;l)4I 4
tirmnumitr -aat..........................-
nizaan ilFiaraara........................" dJ9l.J- I 1 o-
dool
..... ..0
.....................6
dool
04
0..........
f ,
.... ..L dool
hummia ...............................
fmad-
,",
.ixaa ............................ 9
rufayya --un...........................
fiaaga -aat.....................dL
see? - asyaa?.........................'1...I
zann/zann
(u) - (u).. ..... . . . . . . ....
daraga talta.... .. . . . . . .. .. .. .. ......
talta.. ... .. ... .. ... .. .. ... ... .. .... ...! L~
taalit...............................
tult
... .. .0
0 6
...... . .
97
18
ticket inspector
18
ticket, return
tide, the
31
tie
tie, neck-
16
Tigris River, the
10
tile, floor
27
time
27
time, daylight
savings
27
time (duration)
27
time, Greenwich
mean
27
time, local
26
timid
11
tinsmith
12
tip
18
tire
13
tired
19
tithes
32
title
20
title deed
19
Title of Descen-
dent of the
Prophet
19
Title of Islamic
theologians
19
Title of Mtif ti
19
Title of the
Coptic Patriarch
today
14
to (direction)
14
together
10
toilet
10
toilet
19
tolerate, to

27
(religion)
24
tomatoes
27
tomorrow
29
27
ton
tongue
tonight
13
tonsillitis
7,13 tonsils
13
tooth
toothache
9,13 toothbrush
9,13 toothpaste
mufattis tazaakir
tazkarit wa
..
""
ilmadd wilgazr
raab ito - rawaab it "
karavatta -aat """
digla
....""."..".
balaat ,a -aat"""""""
wa?t - aw?aat """"
taw?iit eefi """
~JSJ~
j3~JI) J4J1
*~
(~J~
-,
~LU~
-~c
LS~9~~'0 ~
zaman - azmina...........................9
- v L.
taw?iit grinits ..........................."y
"".: s
taw?iit mafialli.......................... .J-..4 ~
xaguul -u n .....................
samkari -yya ...........
- 9 jy...
...
98
18
18
28
28
28
20
20
20
20
31
28
17
18
12
18
12
18
13
20
32
32
18
18
10
18
28
18
13
13
31
25
32
18
32
31
19
19
18
18
16
31
31
18

17
tourist class
tow away , to
towel, bath
town
town
town hal
trade
trade-mark
trade, to
trade union
tradition
traffic
traffic laws
traffic signal
tragedy
train, a
train, to
tramway
tranquilizer
99
24
13
13
16
16
16
18
32
tulip
tumbler
tumor
tumor, malignant
tuna
Tunis
Tunisia
Tunisian, a
tunnel
turkey (fowl)
Turkish language
kiubay-at.............................- 9
waram - awraain """""""""
waram xab iis ..... ............
-.
C-s-9
tuuna "............................... e,.
mnadiinit tuunis """"""" ' c
d -
tuunis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
tuunisi -yyiin........................ u9- L--"
nafa? .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
diik ruumi . . . . . . . . . . . s.
illuya tturkiyya.................... y -1-11~
i tturki
Fiawad/Riawd (i) - (u) " " " " " . . / l .
lift ,a -aat.....................-"""LJ

?afal/?afl (i) - (i)................./
18
turn aside, to
24
turnips
12
turn off (radio,
T.V.)
12
turn on (radio,
T.V.)
turtle
tweezer
22
twelve (f )
22
twelve (in)
12
twelve o' clock
27
twelve to ten
(time)
22
twenty
22
twenty-one (f)
22
twenty-one (mn)
22
twenty-seven (f)
22
twenty-seven (in)
22
twenty-three (f )
22
twenty-three (in)
22
twenty-two (f)
22
twenty-two (in)
22
twice
twin
22
two (f)
27
two fifteen
(time)
22
22
twofold
two hundred
22
two (in)
22
two million
27
two o'clock
22
two-thirds
100
Ui
14, 26
13
31
31
udder
ugly
ulcer
ultimatum
umbrella
unanimous about,
to be
14
unanimously
uncle, maternal
uncle, paternal
31
uncover, to
(disclose)
14
under
17
undersecretary
of state
11
undershirt
undertaker
underwear
underwear, men' s
31
unemployment
25
U.N.E.S.C.0.
22
uneven (number)
31
unforseen event
14
unfortunately
20
union, trade
14
unique
16
United Arab
Emirates
United Nations

25
Secretary
General
25
the
United Nations,
universe, the
17,28 university
32
11
university
professor (f)
11
university
professor (in)
14
unless
bizz -bizaaz
"""""""""
qabiiF wiF'is-iin
l.r
3.
-*0000
u fia -qura F............ .. . ""......
inzaar -aat.............................
_. ,i ..I
samsiyya - samaasi '"'""""
agmra'? 'ala/ igmaa ".................., / s
bit?igmaa S..............................~ L.. Y tU
xaal - xilaan . axwaal...................J1 .i J t.
Samm - cimaam a cmaam ."""""".LI
ka.saf can/kas (i) - (i) """"""/
waiilwiaar..............................
f anil la -asat . . ..
J-4
. ..J -J
Fianuuti -yya............................. ..,i
malaabis daaxiliyya """"""
libaas -aat...........
bataa...................................
. .L~
J.i
,t
hay?it ilyunisku """""""
fardi .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1''...
LSJ,-
taari? - tawaari?..................... 4,10
lisuu? ilFiaz...".........................Jf I
niqaaba -aat.................................
j,
101
31
31
31
12
12
used to, to get
useful
use, to
usher, movie (f)
usher, movie (in)
utensil, cooking
i t awwi d / ta awwu d........................ " 13y :i/ 3
mufilid ...............................
istacmi1/isticmaa1.................- . - /
-: I
ciaamil sinima..................isL.
Taamilit sinima. ..........................Utom-."" J-0 L
ma'cuun - mawa'ciin........ .......... I . cU 9.L
27, 32 vacation
13
vaccinate, to
13
vaccination
10
vacuum cleaner
26
vain
31
validity
valley
31
varieties
10
vase, flower
13
vaseline
8,24 vegetables
19
veil
Veiler, the
(Protector; God)
vein
vendor (f)
11
vendor (in)
23
ventilator
10
veranda
32
verb
32
verb, quadri-

11
iteral (gr)
32
verb, strong (gr)
32
verb, triliteral
(gr)
32
14
verb, weak (gr)
verily
vermicelli
32
verse (poetry)
13
vertigo
14
very
30
very gladly #83
30
very pleased to
see you #84
30
the
very words, in
11
veterinarian
32
veterinary
science
14
vexed
18
via
17
vice-president
30
vice versa
agaaza utla -aat """"'" I- dcL1L. d3Il.
taccam/taticiim """"""
--
tatSciim -aat............................
maknasa kahraba.................."""
mucigab binafsu """""" """
siFifia .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .'t
waadi....................................
102
14
vicious
31
victim
31
victorious, to be
31
victory
31
victory,
overwhelming
30
view of, in
10
villa
28
24
village
vinegar
violet
violet (color)
virgin
19
Virgin Mary, the
19
Virgin, the
17
visa, entry
17
visa, exit
28
visit
28
visiting card
32
visiting
professor
28
visit, to
13
vitamin
32
vocabulary
32
vocational
education
14
(vocative
particle)
volcano
12
volleyball
32
volume
31
volunteer
31
volunteer, to
vomit, to
vow
19
vow, to make a

19
saris -uin
""""
4aFiiyya - daF~aaya
intasar/intisaar
nasr
""""
nasr saa~iq
600
UL~ ~
L~~LJ4~~
nazaran li ... "" " " " " " " " " " "
villa -aat ... . ...... .
qarya -qura .... .....
xall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
banaf sig . . . . . . . . . . . . .
banafsigi
bikr ......................
ilcadra maryam "" """"" "" ., "
ilticadra ........ ... ....... ... ...
ta?S iir it duxuul """""""""""0 0"
ta?siirit xuruug " """"""
ziyaara -aat """.""""""".
kart
ustaaz zaa?ir "" " " "" "" l
J I )L_
ae., l
c, LU
L U. I
zaar/ziyaara
(u)
vitamiin -aat
mufradaat
... .. ...)
( I_
ya
"
""""
103
24
walnut
31
war
25 ,31 war, cold
10
wardrobe
11
warehouseman
19
war, holy
4,21 warm
23
4,23 warmth
31
warn, to
25 ,31 warn, to
10
10
27
washbasin
washing machine
wash, to
wasp
watch
11,27 watchmaker
12
watch, to
27
watch, wrist
4, 8 water
water buffalo
water, cold
waterfall
8,24 watermelon
12
wave
wave, long
(radio)
12
wave, medium
(radio)
12
wave, short
(radio)
14
we
13,14 weak
20
weak, to become
wealth
wear, to

13
4,23 weather
23
weather, changing
23
weather, fine
12
weather forecast
weave, to
15,27 Wednesday
15 ,2 7 week
15
weekly
7,26 weep, to
29
weight
8,29 weigh, to
29
weights and
measures
285,30 welcome ! (hello!)
30
welcome ! (hello!)
gooz ,a -aat
"""""""
Teen gamal
Fab - 1 uruub
.........
9-
Farb barda.... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . ....
dulaab.- dawaliib
maxzangi -yya
-,,1'
..................:..
gihaad....................................
daafi
dif ? .daf a
.........
.....
fiazzar/taFiziir """"""
anzar/inzaar..........................9
.. ., /
' -
/ f 7
tilt- tusuut.........................
yassaala -aat...........................-
yasal/yasl
(i) - (i)
l,
Babb uur - daba bir............"'', ''"
saaa...
s-
.. .. ... .. ... .. ... .. ........ ..
s a/yia a ti-y ya.................................." " " .. isL.
itfarrag ciala
"" ""'"" "
,J
U.W
104
25
welcoming address
well, a
14
well-known
30
we missed you
#86
west
western
21
wet
14
what?
14
what?
30
what a loss!
#87
30
what is your
name?
30
what time is it?
24
wheat
wheat-colored
(complexion)
24
wheat, crushed
24
wheat, dry green
18
wheel
14
when
14
when?
14
whenever
30
where?
30
where are you
from?
14
which?
14
while
whiskey
white
25
White House, the
whiteness
white, to become
white, to make
who?
22
whole
14
whole, as a
20
wholesale
20
wholesale dealer
20
wholesale price
13
whooping cough
14
who (relative)
(f)
14
who (relative)
(f d)
14
who (relative)
(f p)
14
who (relative)
(in)
14

14
who (relative)
(mn d)
xitaab tarFiib "-
biir - abaar
inacruuf -inn """""
waFhastina """"
garb
.. . . " o
yarbi ......
mabluul """""
eeh
.. . . . .
eeh......"..
la hawla wala """""
quwwata illa billaah
ismak eeh """*
"--j
V1
. . . 00 0 9
issaaca kaamn dilwa?t....................J Y l as1,,..J I
?amh a -aat.
...."............... o..
.s
105
20
4, 23
10
6,18
wif e
wild
will, a (legal)
wind
window
wine
wine-colored
(reddish corn-
plexi on)
wine, red
wine, white
wing
zooga - sitt -aat
mutawaFif is
wasiyya
""""
rii 6 - riyaa6
subbaak - sababiik
nibiit
"""
xamri
""""
"""
""
nibiit a~mar
nib iit abyad
ginaa Fi - agni Fia
ginihia
issita
""""
faaz/fooz
(u)
(a)

masaFi/mashi
muhandis lasilki
Fakiim - Fiukama"
'caa?il -uin
""""
ciu?baal aif sana
. . ." " " .. "
" " " " " " " " " " U"r
- (u) ./....
- (a) """"""..""/ '"
:::::: ::::::
. .. ." ". s .S _. -
0.JL...*
23
winter
12
win, to (game)
10
wipe, to
18
wireless operator
14
wise
14
wise
30
wishing you many
happy returns
#/87
26,31 wish, to
14
with (accompani-
ment)
14
with (by) (in-
s trumental)
31
withdraw, to
30
with effect from
30
with great
pleasure
14
without
30
without
qualification
31
witness
106
13
19
19
31
13
13
18
12
11,31
32
11,31
32
worse, to get
worship
worship, to
worthy of
wound, a
wound, to
wrap, to
wrestle, to
wrinkled, to be
wrinkles (anat)
writer (f)
writer (in)
saa?/suu?
(u) - (u)......................./
cib aada .................................
abad/ Tibaada (i) - (u) "
gadiir bi . . . . . . . . . . . . .
gar5i - guruuh
""""""""
garafi/garFi (a) - (a) ......
laff/laff
"''
L /7
'" /
(i)- (u).......... .9...j !.
s aar i 1/us ar 1 a """"""""""""" a o- ta dtgcu " " " " " " "/
tgaciad/ta ..u....................... 7 s l.:

kaatiba -aat.................................
kaatib - kuttaab
i s _sL-
32
write, to
31
writing, in
exam)
31
written by
tahr-iiri .. . . . . . . . . . . . .
bi?alam . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .
12
x-rated (adults
only)
13
x-ray film
13
x-rays
13
x-rays
lilkubaar faqat "" """""""
suura bi1?asiica """""""
asicsa .. . . . . . . . . . . .
asiScit iks " " " " " " " " " "
29
d~1
yard (measure-
ment)
yawn, to
1,27 year
27
year, last
yarda -aat ...........
i ttaawib /mi tawb a """""""""" V9t.
sana - siniin
issana liadya """"""""
issana lli faatit
sana kabiisa ..."""..."
sanawi .~ sanawiyyan """""""""""
107
13
yellow
yellow fever
yellow, lemon
(color)
yellowness
yellow, to
become
yellow, to make
16
Yemen
16
Yemeni, a
14
yes
27
yesterday
27
yesterday, the
day before
31
yield, to
yoghurt
14
you (f p)
14
you (f s)
30
you have cheered
us #88
30
you have honored
us #89
30
you have honored
us #90
30
you have honored
us #91
14
you (mn p)
14
you (mn s)
30
you mustn't say
(or do) that!
27
young
30
you (polite
form) (f)
30
you (polite
form) (mn)
youth (f)
youth (in)
youth, the

(age group)
asfar , afra - sufr """"
ilFimina ssafra """"
: -
"""
.f
l aiuun i 0.................
,y.! 1
s-'.9--- 1
sufra...................................... w
isfarr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,
saffar/tasfiir """"""".
/ r,
ilyainan .. . . . . . . . . . . . . I
yamani -yyiin yainan..................._Cx;..o -
nacam -Naywa . . . . . . . . . . . .,
iinbaari Fi ..............................
awwil imbaarifi.....................I)" Jj
istaslimn/is tislaam """ ""I/
zabaadi .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. L
intu ".. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:-
inti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :
anistina .. . . . .. . . . . . . . "":.,
beetina nawwax " """ """""
sarraftina """...........""
9. .. ,
t,
nawwart ilbeet...........................
intu
inta
"""""
"""""
Faraam caleek
" "" "" "" " s. "" LJ""
(,
suyayyar
Fiadritik
wO
F aritak . . . . . . . . . . . . .


INDEX

111
TABLE OF CATEGORIES
TOTAL NUMBER
NON-
CATEGORY
OF WTOTAL NUMBER RDS COMPATIBLE COMPATIBLE2
OF WORDS
CMAIL
1. Months of the Year
2. Colors
17
17-
58
3. Directions
58-
17
15
4. The Physical World
103
5. Mankind, Sex and
103-
113
113-
Kinship
6. Animals and Insects
116
7. Human Body and Bodily
113
147
139
Functions
8. Meals, Foods, Drinks, and
235
230
Cooking Utensils
9.
Clothing and Personal Adornment
133
10. Home and Furniture
129
140
11. Professions and Trades
134
153
153-
12. Entertainments, Pastimes,
217
216
and Sports
13. Health and Diseases
216
14. Pronouns, Particles,
213
345
309
36
Adjectives, and Adverbs
15. Days of the Week
12
16. The Arab World: Countries
12-
95
95-
and Capitals
17. Government
229
18. Motion, Travelling, and
229-
191
Transportation
324

19. Religion
324-
186
112
CATEGORY
TOTAL NUMBER COMPATIBLE
OF WORDS
COMPATIBLE
20. Possessions, Property,
155
155
and Commerce
21. Sense and Perception
55
22. Quantity and Number
52
166
23. Seasons and Weather
70
165
70
24. Fruits, Flowers, Vegetables,
125
125
and Grains
25. Diplomacy
233
233
26. Emotions, Temperamental
142
140
and Mental Notions
27. Time, and Telling the Time
158
28. Social Life and the Town
29. Currency, Weights and
147
152
149
86
86
11
Measures
30. Useful Expressions
206
199
31. The Press
582
578
32. Education
414
413
TOTALS
5,405
5,300
105
Compatible indicates, aside from semantic similarity, that the Educated
Egyptian form is similar to the Modern Literary Form, but not necessarily
phonemically identical.

2Non-Compatible means that there is no similarity between the two forms.
NON-
113
CATEGORIAL LISTS OF
ENGLISH ENTRIES
#1 Months of
the Year
April
August
December
February
January
July
June
March
May
month
monthly
November
October
September
year
year, leap
yearly
#2 Colors
apricot (color)
beige
black
blacken, to
blackness
black, to become
blond (complexion)
blue
blue, light
blueness
blue, to become
bright (color)
brown

brunet
carmine (color)
color
colored
color, to
dark (color)
decorate, to
decoration
gold (color)
green
green, dark
greenness
green, olive
green, pastel
green, to become
green, to make
grey
grey, dark
light (color)
maroon (color)
mustard green (color)
orange (color)
ornament
ornamented
ornament, to
peach (color)
pink
pistachio (color)
red
redness
red, to become
red, to make
silver (color)
violet (color)
114
Australia
blow, to (wind)
climate
cloud
cloud
cold (adj)
cold (n)
coldness
continent
crescent
current (air, water,
electricity)
dam
darkness
degree (temperature)
desert
dust
dwell, to
earth
earthquake
environment
Equator
Europe
field
field (agriculture)
fire
flood
forest
freeze, to
gulf (bay)
heat
heat
hill
horizon
hot (weather)

humidity
Indian Ocean
inundation
island
lake
land
land (world)
latitude
light
lightning
longitude
mine, a
mist
moistness
moon
mountain
mud
natural
nature
oasis
ocean
Pacific Ocean
peninsula
phenomenon
plain, a
planet
pond
rain
rainbow
rain, to
river
rock
sand
sea
115
individual
infant, suckling
in-law (f)
in-law (m)
kill, to
lad
lass
link, to
male
man (as vs. woman)
man (human being)
mankind
marriage
married, to get
marry off, to
mother
mother-in-law
mother, step-
nephew (br so)
nephew (si so)
niece (br da)
niece (si da)
old man
old woman
orphan
parents
people
people (of a nation)
person
personal
pregnant
pregnant, to become
pregnant, to become
propose to a girl, to
puberty

race (e.g. human)
related by marriage,
to become
relationship
relative (kinsman)
relatives
relatives of
sister
son
son-in-law
spinster
strong sex, the
suckle, to
suckling baby
twin
uncle, maternal
uncle, paternal
virgin
widow
widower
wife
youth (f)
youth (m)
youth, the (age group)
*** *** ***
#6 Animals and Insects
animal
animal, savage
ant
beak
bear
beast of burden
bee
bird
116
wolf
worm
* ** * ** * * *
#7 Human Body and
Bodily Functions
abortion
arm
armpit
artery
back (anat)
bald, to become
bare
beard
belly
belly
birth, to give
blood
bodily
body
bone
bowels
brain
break wind noiseless-
ly, to
break wind noisily,
to
breast
breathe, to
burp, to
buttock
canine tooth
cartilage
cell (anat)
cheek (anat)
chest (anat)
chin

chew, to
complexion
cough, to
craving for food, to
have a #8
dead
die, to
the
digest, to
dream, to
ear
eat, to
elbow
evacuate
to
eye
eyebrow
eyelash
face
the bowels,
fat, to become
feces
figure (body of a
person)
finger
flesh
foot (human)
forehead
function
gland
grey, to become (hair)
grow big, to
grow, to
117
#8 Meals, Foods,
Drinks, and Cooking
Utensils
alcoholic beverage
alcoholic beverages
anchovy
appetizers
apricot paste, dried
Arabic food, variety
of #2
baked oven-
baklava #3
basin (sink)
beef
beer
blender (appliance)
boil, to
bottle
box
bran
bread
bread, French
bread, loaf of
bread, rich crisp
breakfast
broth
bulgur
butter
butter, cooking
buttermilk
cabobs
cake
carbonated beverages
champagne
cheese

chicken
chicken, fried
chicken, roasted
chocolate
cigarette
coca cola
cocoa
coffee beans
coffee pot
coffee (powdered)
coffee (prepared
beverage)
coffee with ample
sugar
coffee with cream
(milk)
coffee without sugar
coffee with sugar
(moderate amount)
cookies
cooking vessel
cook, to
cork
course (food)
couscous
cream (dairy)
crisp
crust, a
cup
cup
dairy products
dates, pressed (food)
dish (plate)
dish (plate)
118
omelet
opener
opener, can
6ven
pastry
pastry, Arabic #50
pastry, Arabic #51
peeler
peel, to
pickles
pickle, to
pigeon, fried
pitcher
pitcher (jug)
plate (dish)
plate (dish)
potato, baked; stuffed
with meat
pot, clay
pot, cooking
pot, earthen
pot, tea (non-china)
poultry
pour out, to
pour, to
range, gas
refreshments
restaurant
roast, to
rusk (zwieback)
salad
salt
salt shaker
sandwich
saucepan

saucer
sausage
sauteed
scales
seed
sesame seed, ground
hulled
shish kebab
shish kebab (ground
meat)
sieve
sieve
sieve, to
sift, to
smoke, to (cigarettes)
snack
soap
soap, laundry
soap, toilet
soup
soup, chicken
soup, lentil
soup spoon
soup, vegetable
spices
spoon
squeeze, to
starch
strainer
strainer, tea
strawberries
stuffed cabbage
stuffed eggplant
stuffed food
119
gold
goldsmith
hair coloring (dye)
haircut
handkerchief
handmade
hat (European)
henna
iron, curling
iron, to (e.g. gar-
ment)
jewel
jeweler
jewelery
lace
leather
linen
lining
lipstick
make to measure, to
make-up (ladies')
material (cloth)
men, for or per-
taining to
mirror
necklace
necklace
necktie
needle
nightgown
overcoat
pajama
paste
patch, to (garment)
pearls

perfume
permanent wave (hair)
pin
pocket
purse
put on, to (garment)
razor
ribbon
ring (finger)
ring, wedding
ring (wedding band)
safety razor
sandals
scissors
sew, to
shave, to
shaving
shaving cream
shell (e.g. sea shell)
shirt
shoemaker
shoes
shoes
shorts, pair of
silk
silver
skirt
sleeve
slipper
soap
sock
spin, to
stocking
stockings, nylon
120
garden
gas, butane
gate
go out, to
hall
hang, to
house
household utensils
hut
iron
key
kitchen
lamp
live, to
living room
lock, a
lock, to
marble
mat
mattress
meter (e.g. electric,
water)
mirror
napkin
neighbor of, to be the
nightstand
opener
opener, can
open, to
oven
paint
paint, to
palace
picture
pillar

pillow
polish, to
quilt
radio
refrigerator
roof
room (chamber)
room (chamber)
rug
scissors
sewing machine
sheet, bed
shelf
shower, a
sidewalk
sofa
spray, to
stairs
stone
stove
study room
sweep, to (house)
table
table
tablecloth
telephone
television
tenant
tent
tile, floor
toilet
toilet
trap, a (e.g. mouse-
trap)
121
groom (horses)
gynecologist (f)
gynecologist (m)
houseboy
houseboy
Imam (Moslem prayer
leader)
inspector
ironer
jeweler
journalist (f)
journalist (m)
judge
laundryman
lawyer (f)
lawyer (m)
librarian (f)
librarian (m)
maid (f)
maid (m)
mailman
mailman
mason
mechanic, a
merchant
merchant, commissioned
messenger
milkman
Mufti (Islam)
night-watchman
nurse (f)
nurse (f)
nurse (m)
nurse (inm)
officer

officer, army
officer, police
ophthalmologist (f)
ophthalmologist (m)
optician
osteopath (f)
osteopath (m)
painter
Patriarch
pediatrician (f)
pediatrician (m)
pharmacist
pilot
plumber
policeman
policeman
policeman, traffic
porter
producer
professor (f
professor (m)
psychiatrist
saleslady
salesman
sales representative
servant (f)
servant (m)
shoemaker
social worker (f)
social worker (m)
steward, air
stewardess, air
street cleaner
supervisor
122
film, romantic
film, silent
film, talking
fish
fisherman
fishhook
fishing
fishing tackle
fish, to
focus, to
football
footlights
game, final
game, international
game (match)
hero
heroine
hobby
houseboat
humor
hunter
hunting
hunt, to
hunt, to
instrument, musical
interval, theatre
joke
jokes, to crack
jump, to
knob, radio
lake
launch
lens
lifebelt
listener

listen, to
lose, to (game)
lottery
loudspeaker
mast
match (game)
matinee
matinee
mount, to (horse)
movie camera
music
music, Arabic
music, Eastern
net, a
newscast
newsreel
news, the
oar
opera
opera house, the
park, a
part (role)
party, a
pass the time, to
pastime
performance, contin-
uous
performance, evening
(movie)
performance, movie
photograph
photographer
photograph, to
picture
123
acidity, stomach
allergy
anesthesia, local
anesthetic, an
anesthetize, to
anesthetize, to
antibiotics
antiseptic
arteriosclerosis
better, to become
bleeding
bleed, to
blind
blood
blood circulation
blood, loss of
blood pressure
bottle
bronchial catarrh
bronchitis
bruise, a
bruise, to
cancer
catarrh
cerebrospinal
meningitis
cholera
circumcision
clean
cleanliness
clean, to
clinic
cold (illness)
cold, to catch
colic

colic, renal
college of medicine
constipation
contact lenses
contagious
contraception
convalescent
corn (toe)
cough
cough syrup
cough, to
crown, gold (dental)
cure, a
cure, to
cut, a
cut, to
deaf
decay, tooth
dentures
diabetes
diarrhea
digestion
diphteria
directions for use
dirt
disease
diseases, contagious
diseases, venereal
dispensary (clinic)
dizziness
dizzy, to become
doctor, medical (f)
#12
doctor, medical (m)
124
recover, to (health)
refuse (dirt)
rheumatism
root (dental)
saliva
sanitary
school of medicine
scratch, a
scratch, to
sedative
serum
short-sightedness
sick (f)
sick (m)
sick, to be
sinuses, nasal
smallpox
sneeze, to
sore throat
spasm
sprain, to
sterility (women)
sterilize, to
suppository (medical)
surgery
swelling
swell, to
temperature
test, blood
test, medical
tetanus
thermometer
thermometer
tired
tonsillitis

tonsils
toothache
toothbrush
toothpaste
tranquilizer
treatment
treat, to
tuberculosis
tumor
tumor, malignant
typhoid
ulcer
vaccinate, to
vaccination
vaseline
vertigo
vitamin
weak
weak, to become
whooping cough
worse, to get
wound, a
wound, to
x-ray film
x-rays
x-rays
yellow fever
* ** * * *
** *
#14 Pronouns, Particles,
Adjectives, and
Adverbs
about (concerning)
above
125
easy
either ... or
envious
especially
especially
especially
etc.
even if
even if
every
everyone
exactly
exactly
excellent
except
except
except
except
extremely
faithful
faithless
famous
far
fat
few
finally
fool (dim-witted)
for fear that
formerly
fortunately
frankly
frequently
from
from now on
full (things)

generally
generally
generous
genius
glutton
good (adj) (f)
good (adj) (m)
good-for-nothing
(person)
good person
greedy
happy
hateful
have (possess; non-
verb)
he
here
honest
hot
how?
how many?
how much?
how much? (price)
how often?
hungry
idiot
idiotic
idiotic
if
if
if (contrary to fact)
immediately
immediately
126
previously
prudent
quickly
rarely
reckless
rich
rough (person)
sad
satiated
scared
selfish
sensitive
she
shortly
shy
sick and tired
silly
since (prep)
since (prep)
slanderer
sleepy
slowly
small
some
sometimes
soon
spontaneously
strong
stubborn
stupid
stupified
suddenly
surprised
swindler
talkative

temporarily
that (conj)
that (dem) (f)
that (dem) (m)
that is (i.e.)
that (subordinating
particle)
the
then (thereupon)
there
therefore
these
these (f d)
these (m d)
they (f)
they (m)
thin
this (f)
this (m)
those
thus
to (direction)
together
truthful
ugly
unanimously
under
unfortunately
unique
unless
unlucky
unpleasant! (damned)
until
until
127
Gulf of Aden
Gulf of Aqaba
Gulf of Suez
Hashemite Kingdom
of Jordan, the
Iraq
Iraqi, and
Jerusalem
Jordan
Jordan River, the
Khartoum
kingdom
Kuwait
Kuwait (city)
Kuwaiti, a
Lebanese, a
Lebanon
Libya
Libyan, a
Mediterranean, the
Middle East, the
Moroccan, a
Morocco
Muscat
nationalism
nationalism, Arab
Near East, the
Nile, the
North Africa
Oman
Palestine
Palestine Liberation
Organization
Palestinian, a
Persian Gulf, the

Qatar
Rabat
Red Sea
republic
Republic of Algeria,
the
Republic of Egypt
Republic of Iraq, the
Republic of Libya, the
Republic of Sudan, the
Republic of Tunisia,
the
Republic of Yemen, the
Riyadh
San' a
Saudi, a
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabian Kingdom,
the
Sharjah
Sinai
society, Arab
Sudan
Sudanese, a
Suez Canal
Syria
Syrian, a
Syrian Arab Republic,
the
Tigris River, the
Tripoli
Tunis
Tunisia
128
minister
ture
minister
minister
minister
of agricul-
of
of
of
air
commerce
communi-
ministry of higher
education
ministry of industry
ministry of
information
cations
minister of economics
minister of education
minister of finance
minister of food
rationing
minister of foreign
affairs
minister of higher
education
ministry
ministry
ministry
pal and
ministry
of justice
of labor
of munici-

rural affairs
of national
minister
minister
tion
of industry
of informa-
minister of justice
minister of labor
minister of munici-
pal and rural affairs
minister of national
guidance
minister of planning
minister of public
health
minister of public
works
minister of religious
endowments
minister of social
affairs
minister of the
interior-
minister of the navy
minister of the youth
minister of war
minister
plenipotentiary
ministry
ministry of
agriculture
ministry of air
ministry of commerce
129
system (method)
telephone adminis-
tration
telephone central
office
throne
traffic laws
tribunal
typewriter
undersecretary of
state
university
vice-president
visa, entry
visa, exit
work
workman
* * * ***
* **
#18 Motion,
Travelling, and
Transportation
accident
aeroplane
air conditioned
air conditioning
air-line
air pocket
airport
air-route
air transport
air travel
anchorage
anchor, to
approach, to
arrival

arrive, to
automobile
baggage
bicycle
boardinghouse
boat
boat
boatman
booking office
bridge
bring, to
bus
cabin
captain
car
carriage
carry, to
cart
cart, passenger
chauffeur
coachman
collide, to
come, to
compartment, train
creep, to
depart, to
departure
diesel train
dining car
do not enter
(traffic sign)
driver
drive, to
driving permit
130
seasickness
season ticket
seat
sea travel
second class
send, to
service stations
(automotive)
ship
ship
ship
signal
sink, to
sleeping car
slide, to
slow down (traffic
sign)
smoke
speed limit
speed limit
station
stationmaster
steamship
steamship
steersman
steward
stewardess
street
suitcase
tail
take off, to
taxi
taxi
third class
throw, to

ticket
ticket collector (bus)
ticket inspector
ticket, return
tire
tourist bus
tourist class
tow away, to
traffic signal
train, a
tramway
transportation
transport, to
travel
traveler
tricycle
trip
trip
truck
tunnel
turn aside, to
via
waiting room
walk, to
wheel
wing
wireless operator
wrap, to
* * * ***
* **
#19 Religion
ablution, ritual
(Islam)
ablutions, to perform
(Islam)
131
denomination
denominational
devil
devout
devoutness
die as martyr, to
divine
divine foreordainment
dome
Easter
ecclesiastic
epistle
evening prayer (Islam)
Eve of the Major Feast
Eve of the Minor Feast
evil
faith
fanatic
faster (one who fasts)
fasting
fasting during Ramadan
fast, to
fate and divine decree
feast after month of
Ramadan
feast day
first chapter of the
Koran
forbid, to
forgive sins, to
freedom of worship
Friday prayer (Islam)
Friday sermon (Muslim)
God
God

God bless him #17
God's 99 attributes
(Islam)
good deed
good deeds, the
Good Friday
good (n)
good omen
Gospel, the
grace of God, the
Greater Bairam
(Muslim feast)
Hanbalitic (Islamic
sect)
happiness
heaven
Heavenly religions
hell
hold sacred, to
holiness
holy
Holy Books
Holy Ghost, the
Holy mosque, the (in
Mecca)
Holy scriptures, the
Holy Sepulcher
Host
humanity (human
beings)
hymn
hymn
hypocrisy
hypocrite
132
other world, the
pagan
paganism
Palm Sunday
paradise
Paradise
pardon, to
Passion Week
Patriarch
patriarchate
piety
pilgrimage to Mecca
pilgrimage to Mecca
pilgrim's guide in
Mecca
pious
pious person
Pope, His Holiness the
prayer
pray for, to
pray, to
preach, to
present given on a
feast day
prophet
prophetic tradition
(Islam)
Prophet's journey,
the #56
Prophet's journey,
the #57
Prophet, the
prostration
protect, to (act of
God)

Protestant
Psalm
pulpit
punish, to
rabbi
Ramadan (Muslim month
of fasting)
recite the Koran, to
religion
religious
religious leader
(Islam)
repent, to
resurrection
revelation
reward, heavenly
righteousness
rosary
sacred
sacrifice
(Christianity)
saint
saint, patron
Satan
save, to
save, to
sect
sect
sermon
Shafiitic (Islam) #62
sheik (Islam)
sin
sin
sin
133
debt
estates
exhibited articles
expense
export goods
export, to
fee
finance
finance, to
goods
guild, chairman of
have (possess; non-
verb)
heir
imported
imports
imports and exports
import, to
income
inheritance
inherit, to
installment
installments, by
installments, to pay
in
insurance
insurance, fire
insurance, life
insured
interest (finance)
investment
invest, to
invoice
invoice
landlord

landlord
landlord
lease, a
lease, to
lend, to
let for rent, to
loan, a
loan, to take up a
lose, to
loss
luxury
market
market, black
merchant
merchant, commissioned
ministry of commerce
money
money (capital)
money order, postal
mortgage, to
owe, to
owner
ownership
ownership, transfer of
own, to
partner
pawn, to
pay, to
possession
possess, to
price
profit
profit, to
property
134
sense
senses, the five
sensitive
sensitivity
sharp
shiny
sight
sight, sense of
smell
smell, sense of
smell, to
soft
sound
sour
stinky
sweet
tangible
taste, sense of
taste, to
touch, to
warm
wet
* ** * ** * * *
#22 Quantity and
Number
add, to
alone (m)
average
beginning
billion
calculate, to
counting
count, to
divide, to
double

each
eighteen (f)
eighteen (m)
eight (f)
eighth (f)
eighth (m)
eighth, one-
eight hundred
eight (m)
eighty
eleven (f)
eleven (m)
eleventh, the (f)
eleventh, the (m)
empty
empty, to
end
even (number)
every
few
fifteen (f)
fifteen (m)
fifth (f)
fifth (m)
fifth, one-
fifty
first (f)
first (m)
first, the (f)
first, the (m)
five (f)
fivefold
five hundred
five (m)
135
thirteen (m)
thirteenth, the (f)
thirteenth, the (m)
thirty
thousand, one
three (f)
threefold
three hundred
three hundred and
sixty-five (f)
three hundred and
sixty-five (m)
three (m)
three million
three-quarters
three thousand
total
twelve (f)
twelve (m)
twenty
twenty-one (f)
twenty-one (m)
twenty-seven (f)
twenty-seven (m)
twenty-three (f)
twenty-three (m)
twenty-two (f)
twenty-two (m)
twice
two (f)
twofold
two hundred
two (m)
two million
two-thirds

two thousand
uneven (number)
whole
zero
#23 Seasons and Weather
clear
clear, it is (weather)
climate
cloud
cold (adj)
cold, it is (weather)
cold (n)
compass
coolness
damp
dampness
degree (temperature)
dew
directions
flood
fog
hail
heat
heater
heater, electric
horizon
hot
hot, it is (weather)
hot wind
hurricane
inundation
lightning
melt, to
meteorological station
136
dahlia
dates (food)
eggplant
farmer (f)
farmer (m)
farmer (m)
fenugreek (grain)
figs
figs, Indian
filberts
flower
flowers
fresh (e.&g. vege-
tables)
fruit
fruits
fruit seller
garlic
ginger
grain
grains
grapes
greengrocer
guava (fruit)
henna plant
herb
jasmine
jasmine, Arabian
leek
lemons
lentils
lettuce
limes
lupine
mallow, Jew's
mango
mastic

(vegetable)
melons, musk
mint
mulberry
mustard
narcissus
nutmeg
okra
olives
onions
oranges
parsley
peaches
pears
peas
peas, chick
pepper
pepper, black
pepper, green
peppermint
pepper, red
pine nuts
pistachio
plant
plantation
plant, to
plums
pomegranates
potatoes
radish
raisins
rice
137
cornerstone, to lay
the
council
counselor
counselor of legation
covenant
crisis
critical time
criticize, to
danger (seriousness)
decree
delegate, to
deliberations
demand
deputized
deputy
deputy ... (vice ...)
diplomacy
diplomat
diplomatic
diplomatic c
diplomatic cc
diplomatic in
diplomatic pc
diplomatic pr
disarmament
dominate, to
embarrassing
orps
orps
munity
ouch
rivileges
interest
interfere in, to

international
International Bank for
Reconstruction and
Development
invitation
invitation, official
invite, to
issue
issue, to
king
leader
lead to, to
legation
level (n)
matters of the hour
meeting
meeting, summit
minister of foreign
affairs
minister plenipoten-
tiary
ministry of foreign
affairs
mission
mission, chief of
mission, diplomatic
mission, educational
monopolize, to
monopoly
mutual
negotiate, to
negotiation
negotiations, to open
neutral
138
speech, opening
statement
status, official
step
strengthening
summit meeting
summons
summon, to
system (organization)
tasks of his position
telegram
threaten, to
treaty
U.N.E.S.C.O.
United Nations
Secretary General
United Nations, the
unprecedented
war, cold
warn, to
welcome, to
welcoming address
White House, the
witness, to
World Health
Organization
world-wide
beloved (m)
blame
brave
care, to take
compassionate
compassionate
conceited
confused, to be

cordial
cowardly
cry, to
danger
daring
dear (person)
deceive, to
desire, to
despair, to
disgusted, to feel
effect
effective
egoism
emotion
envy, to
err, to
faithful, to be
fault
fear, to
feeling
feelings
feelings, human
feel, to
forgive, to
fury
glad
glory
good (person)
groan, to
happiness
happy
happy, to be
happy, to make
hate, to
139
sorrow
sorry, to be
soul
sympathize, to
sympathy
tear (eye)
temperament
thanks
timid
torture, to
truthful, to be
ugly
vain
weep, to
wish, to
wonder, to
yearning
**
* *** * **
#27 Time and Telling
the Time
A.D.
after
again
age
always
April
August
B.C.
before
beginning of the
month, the
begin, to
calendar
cease, to
century

clock
clock, alarm
complete, to
dawn
dawn, at
day
days of yore, in
daytime
December
delayed, to be
delay, to
diary
during
dusk
dusk, at
early
eight o'clock
eight p.m.
eleven o'clock
end
end, to
evening
evening, every
fast (adj)
fast (clock)
February
finish, to
five o'clock
five o'clock
five o'clock sharp
four o'clock
four twenty (time)
Friday
future, in the
140
today
tomorrow
tonight
Tuesday
twelve o'clock
twelve to ten (time)
two fifteen (time)
two o'clock
vacation
wake someone up, to
wake up, to
watch
watchmaker
watch, wrist
Wednesday
week
year
year, last
year, next
year of the Hegira, in
(622 A.D.)
year, present
yesterday
yesterday, the day
before
young
* ** * ** * * *
#28 Social Life and
the Town
acquaintances
advertisement
airport
apartment building
appointment
arrive, to
bar

bank (finance)
bell, to ring the
boarding house
booking office
bookshop
bridge
bus station
cabaret
canteen
capital
casino
cathedral
chat
church
city
city hall
club
course (food)
courteous, to be
cross, to
coffee shop
college
conversation
countryside, the
downtown, the
elevator
etiquette
exhibition
farewell, to bid
filled up (bus)
fire station
fire station
first class
141
street
street cleaner
street corner
street, side
suburb
swimming pool
telegraph office
telephone call
thank, to
theatre
ticket
tourist
town
town
town hall
traffic
travel agency
university
village
visit
visiting card
visit, to
wait for, to
walk, to
walk, to take a
welcome!
welcome, to
* ** ***
***
#29 Currency, Weights
and Measures
armspan (measure; =
.68 meters)
balance, to
bale, a
banknotes

bankrupt
bankruptcy
bankrupt, to become
cash, in
centimeter
change money, to
change, small (money)
charge (selling &
buying)
coin, small (Iraq &
Jordan)
creditor
currency
currency, hard
curency, local
currency, smuggling
currency, soft
debt
debt, in
debt, to incur
dimension
dinar (monetary unit,
Iraq & Jordan)
dirhem (North African
coin)
dollar
Egyptian pound
falsify, to
feddan (square
measure)
five-piaster (Egyptian
note or coin)
five pound note
foot (measurement)
142
case, in any
coffee, please!
come in, please!
come on!
condolences #5
condolences #6
congratulations! #7
congratulations, a
thousand !
congratulations!
(lit: blessed)
congratulations, our!
continue, to (lit:
not to cease to)
contrary, on the
cup of coffee, please,
a!
damn!
depend on the Lord!
depend on the Lord!
don't mention it!
(lit: forgiveness)
don't mention it!
(lit: forgiveness)
don't! (no need to!)
don't worry #14
don't worry (general
usage)
ever and ever
example, for
excellent
excuse me! #15
excuse me! #16
fancy that!
fate and divine

decree, by
fool s.o., to
for the sake of
from time to time
get lost!
give an example, to
give her my best
regards!
give him my best
regards!
give my greetings
to ...!
gladly
God is generous
God is great
God knows best
God protect, may
God provide for you
#19
God provide for you
#20
God willing
gone with the wind
(vanished)
good boy
good bye (by person
departing)
good bye (by person
remaining)
good evening!
good girl
good lord!
good luck!
good man, my
143
same here #58
same to you #59
same to you #60
same to you #61
save for a rainy day
shut up!
shut up!
sit down, please!
so-and-so
so-and-so
so-and-so
so many ... #63
sorry!
such-and-such
superb
sure! (I'll do it)
take it, please! #67
thanks! (thank you)
(general)
thanks! (thank you)
(general)
thanks to
thanks to God
thank you #68
thank you #69
thank you #70
thank you #71
thank you #72
thank you #73
thank you #74
thank you #75
thank you #76
thank you #77
thank you #78
thank you #79

thank you #80
thank you #81
thank you for the
coffee #82
thank you (r. to
congratulations)
that's it (finished,
o.k.)
the late ...
(deceased ...)
there is no place like
Cairo
very gladly #83
very pleased to see
you #84 -
very words, in the
vice versa
view of, in
welcome!
welcome!
welcomes, a thousand
welcome to you! #85
welcome! welcome!
we missed ycu #86
what a loss! #87
what is your name?
what time is it?
where are you from?
wishing you many
happy returns #87
with effect from
with great pleasure
without qualification
you have cheered us
144
bulletin
bullets
cable, to
call, to
cannon
capture, to
caricature
celebrate, to
censor
censorship
census
challenge, to
charge, those in
circumstance
citizen
civilization
clarify, to
classified ads
cling to, to
coalition (adj)
co-existence, peaceful
collective (adj)
colony
column (newspaper)
come, to
commandos
commentary
commentator
commentator, economic
commentator, political
comment on, to
commitment
committee
commit, to (crime)
common market

communications media
communique
community
compare with, to
compel, to
compensate, to
complete, to be or
become
conscience, world
conservative (adj)
conspiracy
contain, to
contribute, to
convoy
co-operate with, to
co-ordinate, to
corner
corpse
correspondent
correspond, with, to
corruption
coup d'etat
criminal
critic
criticize, to
cross, to
crossword puzzle
cross words
daily (e.g. newspaper)
deceive, to
decisive
declaration
declare, to
decline, to (e.g.
145
get rid of, to
give, to
good as, to be so
go, to
go, to
group (crowd)
guarantee
guarantee, to
guide, to
gunpowder
handbill
hand over, to
happen, to
happen, to
headquarters
help, to
hide, to
homeland
hope for, to
horoscope, today' s
hostilities
hostility
idea
illustrated
imagine, to
imitate, to
imperialism
impossible, to be
in accordance with
incident
infantry
infiltrate, to
influence
inform about, to
information (publicity

& communications)
inform ... of, to
infringe upon, to
interest
interest in, to take
an
interim
internal
international
international day
international news
invade, to
invade, to
investigate, to
investigation
issue
issued, to be
(published)
issue (of paper or
magazine)
issue, to
jet aircraft
journalism
journalism science of
journalism, the
journalist (f)
journalistic
journalist (m)
journalists
journalists' union
journalists' union,
head of
kindle, to
leader
146
patriotism
peace
peacemaker
periodic
permission
personals, the
(column)
pessimistic
phenomenon
pioneer
pistol
point at, to
point of view
policy
political situation
politician
politics
popular
positive
positive neutrality
postpone, to
precaution
predominate, to
preliminary
press
press (adj)
press campaign
press conference
pressure
pretend, to
prevent, to
principle
prisoners of war
prisoner, to take
private

probable
procession
prominent
promise, to
propaganda
protest, to
prove, to
provisions
pseudonyn
public
publish, to
publish, to
punish, to
put, to
put, to
quality
radio program
raid
raid, air
range (extent)
reactionism
reader
reason (cause)
rebuild, to (e.g. a
city after war)
receive, to (s.th.)
recognize, to
(acknowledge)
reconciled, to be
reconcile (with), to
record, to
referendum
refrain from, to
refugee
147
tenseness of relations
tension
testify, to
testimony
text (e.&. of speech)
thank for, to
thing
thing
think, to
throw, to
tie
tradition
treaty
trilateral
triumphal arch
truce
ultimatum
unanimous about, to be
uncover, to (disclose)
unemployment
unforseen event
urge, to
used to, to get
useful
use, to
validity
varieties
victim
victorious, to be
victory
victory, overwhelming
volunteer
volunteer, to
war
war, cold

warn, to
warn, to
wish, to
withdraw, to
witness
women's liberation
Women's Liberation
Movement
Women's Movement
working plan
world peace
worthy of
writer (f)
writer (m)
writing, in (written;
e.g. exam)
written by
yield, to
Zionism
zone
* ** * ** * * *
#32 Education
absent
absent, to be
account for, to
accounting (subject)
accusative case (gr)
acid (chemistry)
active (gr)
adjectival clause
adjective
adverb
agricultural
engineering
148
curriculum
dean (college) (m)
dedicate, to
deduce, to
define, to
definite article
definition
demonstratives (gr)
dentistry
derived
derive, to
dermatology
desk
dialect
dictate, to
dictionary
diligent
diploma
director
dismiss, to
dissertation
doctorate
dual (gr)
economics (subject)
educate, to
educational psychology
education (pedagogy)
education (subject)
electrical engineering
elementary education
elementary school
eloquence
encourage, to
encyclopedia
engineering

English language
enroll, to (school)
equation (math)
eraser
essay
ethics (subject)
examination, final
examination (school)
excel, to
exclamation point
exercise
experiment
explain, to
expression (language)
express, to
Faculty (College)
fellowship
feminine (gr)
flunk, to
folk (as in folktale)
foreign school
forensic medicine
free (gratis)
French language
gas (vapor)
generalize, to
genitive case (gr)
genius
geography
geometry
German language
grade (level - school)
grade (level - school)
grade (mark - school)
149
nominative case (gr)
notebook
notebook
noun
novel
nuclear physics
number
nursery school
object (gr)
oblong
office
optional
orator
page
paper
parentheses
participle, active
participle, passive
particle (gr)
particle (gr)
parts of speech
passive (gr)
past (tense)
pedagogy
pen, ball-point
pencil
pen, fountain
period (punctuation)
Persian language
philosophy (subject)
phonetics
phrase
physical education
physical exercise
physics

physiology
playground
plural (gr)
poem
poems, collection of
(by one poet)
poet
poetry
political science
practical
predicate (gr)
preparatory education
(junior high)
present (tense)
present, to be
printing house
print, to
private school
prize
professor (f)
professor (m)
professor, visiting
program
project
pronoun
pronounce, to
prose
protractor
proverb
psychiatry
psychology
publisher
publish, to
punctuation
150
verb
verb, quadriliteral
(gr)
verb, strong (gr)
verb, triliteral (gr)
verb, weak (gr)
verse (poetry)
veterinary science
vocabulary
vocational education
volume
writer (f)
writer (m)
write, to
zone, educational

zoology

NOTES

153
NOTES
#1
A beggar's request for alms. Lit.: Give me alms for God's sake.
#2
A dough made of crushed wheat and sour milk, cut into small pieces,
dried, and used for the preparation of other dishes.
#3
Arabic pastry made of puff strudel dough stuffed with nuts (pis-
tachios or walnuts) and baked in melted butter, topped with syrup.
#4
Intent: Stop beating a dead person; it is a sin.
#5
An expression of condolence. Lit.: May the remainder of the life
of the deceased be added to your life; i.e., may you live long.
#6
An expression of condolence. Lit.: (Only) God is everlasting.
#7
Said to one who has just had a hair cut, shaved, or taken a bath.
Lit.: Blessings - enjoy it.
#8
To have a craving for certain foods during pregnancy.
#9
A richly decorated litter sent by Islamic rulers to Mecca at the
time of the pilgrimage.
#10
is used invariably with 1
: : .4 "doctor (M.D.)
(f)" in all constructions pertaining to the medical profession.
# 11
is used invariably with .
: - "doctor (M.D.)
(m)1" in all constructions pertaining to the medical profession.
#12 See #10.
#13 See #11.
#14 Restricted usage; said when saomeone breaks something or loses
something. Lit.: May it be your ransom, or, Let it be a
sacrifice for you.
#15 Said upon rising to leave. Lit.: After your permission (I have
to be excused).
#16 Said upon rising to leave. Lit.: By your permission (I have to
be excused).
#17 "God bless him and grant him salvation." This is a eulogy said
after the name of the Prophet Moharmed.

#18 Said when one does not know the answer, or for matters that are
154
difficult for one to judge, or when one wants to abstain from answering
for sane reason or reasons.
#19 Said to a beggar. Intent: Go away, man - may God open (doors) to you.
Response to d 1__J a "alms please!"
#20 Said to a beggar. Intent: Go away, man - may God open (doors) to you.
Response to a._..iJ " "alms please!"
#21 Response same as greeting.
#25 Response to ,
_.
"good night."
#26 Response same as greeting. This phrase is also used as response to
h..- -- J L-_ "happy day! (hello!)."
#28 Said on the occasion of a festival, feast, or holiday. Lit.: May every
year see you well.
#29 Said on the occasion of a festival, feast, or holiday. Lit.: May every
year see you in prosperity.
#30 Said on the occasion of a festival, feast, or holiday; said to singular
or plural.
#31 Said upon first acquaintance with someone. Lit.: Happy chance (to have
met you).
#32 Said to one starting a trip. Lit.: May our Lord conduct you safely.
#33 Said to one starting a trip. Lit.: With safety.
#34 Said to an invalid. Lit.: Your preservation; i.e., may God restore you
to health.
#35 Lit.: May the evil stay away from you.
#36 Lit.: May it (the mishap) stay away from you.
#37 Response to
#38 Response to
#39 J -
I r .'_I "hello."
L.c.J I "hello."
is a oollcquial, wishful form. Thus, the entire phrase means:
"Wishing you the same."
#40 Response to a
" f- "- "pardon me," or said whenever "it doesn't
matter" is applicable.
#41 Said because of an averted mishap, or when sanomething happily turns out

well. Lit. : Good has resulted. Meaning: It has ended well.
155
#42 Direction to which Moslems turn in praying, toward the Kaaba.
#43 Lit.: The young goose is a good swinEner, like her parents.
#44 A phrase that usually follows the name of a deceased person.
#45 Said to a person who is ill.
#46 Refers to an inpossible action; an action whose realization is
not possible. Lit.: In the apricot season. Note that the apri-
cot season in the Arab World is short, too short for the
realization of any action. Thus, the phrase denotes impossibilty.
#47 This particle does not exist in Modern Standard Arabic. It is
only used in the dialects, and each dialect has a different form.
The Egyptian form, however, is widely "recognized" by speakers of
other dialects.
#48 See #47.
#49 Said to beg someone's pardon in general. Lit.: Hope there is
no blame.
#50 See #3.
#51 A pastry made of special vermicelli dough stuffed with nuts and
sugar, baked in melted butter and syrup.
#52 This need not be performed at a particular time of the year.
#53 Said when inviting someone to come in, or go ahead of one.
Lit.: Be preferred. (See also #67).
#54 Said to a guest at the end of a visit. Lit.: Blessing has come.
#55 Said to someone who has returned from a trip.
#56 Nocturnal journey of the Prophet Mohamrned to Heaven.
#57 Midnight journey of the Prophet Mohamrred to Heaven on the
twenty-seventh of the month of Rajab.
#58 Response to a~
.- 9"happy to meet you." Lit.: We are
happier than you.
#59 Response to -.--~ U .9
"happy holiday." Lit.: May
you too have good health and be in peace (next holiday season or
festival).
#60 Response to
19 a. , LY "happy holiday." Lit.: Hope you too
are fine.
#61 Response to
d ,- . JS "happy feast." Lit.: May you too
have good health and be in peace (next holiday season, feast, or

festival).
156
#62 Adherent of the Shafiitic school, one of the four orthodox schools of
theology in Islam.
#63
'
__- here is colloquial, used in expressions such as "so
many days," "so many tines," etc.
#64 The sayings and doings of the Prophet, later established as legally
binding precedents in addition to the Law established by the Koran.
#65 See #64.
#66 Sweet pastry made of semolina, melted butter, almonds, and syrup.
#67 An invitation to someone to join one in eating, drinking, or said
when offering a drink or food to someone. (See also #53).
#68 Response to
9-- -I '"welcome! welcome!"
#69 Response to
- . I "you have cheered us." Lit.: May God cheer you.
#70 Response to ___l
"pleased to see you." Lit.: May God bless
you.
#71 General expression for "thank you." Lit.: May God preserve you.
#72 Response to
--
"--~ "have a speedy recovery." Lit.: May God pre-
serve you (response of one who is ill). Also response to
.._.I-J1I
"have a safe trip."
#73 Response to
'"
#74 Response to I-
"you have honored us." Lit.: May God bless you.
' "congratulations." Lit.: May God bless you.
#75 An expression for "thank you" said in response to
J_ L_ ..-9 I
"condolences." Lit.: May your life be saved.
#76 Said after a meal or drink. Lit.: May your home be always prosperous
(full of food).
#77 Response to l-' I "thank you," ors- U L-*I "always full," or
-LAI " e
"thank you for the coffee." Lit.: May your life be
everlasting.
#78 Said after a neal or a drink. Lit.: May your house always be
prosperous and full of food.
#79 Response to
-I
o "hope you slept well." In most cases, said
after a nap. Lit.: Health be to your body.
#80 Response to .
~L-- "you have honored us, " or ~ .., C - "you
have honored us." Lit.: The light is yours.
#81 Response to
"may it do you much good" (food). Intent: May

God make you happy.
157
#82 Said by guest to host after drinking coffee. Lit.: May you
always have coffee (at your place).
#83 Lit.: Your request is on the top of my head and in front of
my eye.
#84 Lit.: It's a happy occasion.
#85 Response to )
f "welcome."
#86 Said to one who has returned from a trip, or who has been away
for a long timne. Lit.: You made us desolate.
#87 Said when one hears bad news (death or great loss). Lit.:
Might and power are to God.
#88
is a colloquial, wishful form. Thus, the whole
phrase means "wishing you many (lit.: a thousand) happy returns . "
#89 Said to scmeone upon leaving after a visit.
#90 Said to a guest by host. Lit.: You have given our home light -
made it bright.
#91 Said to a visitor during a visit, or upon leaving after a visit.
#92 Said to a guest by host. Lit.: You have given our home light -

made it bright.

159
SPublications of the
SCenter for Near Eastern and North African Studies
@ *CENTUniversity of Michigan
1811
EGYPTIAN ARABIC
AN INTRODUCTION TO EGYPTIAN ARABIC
By ERNEST T. ABDEL-MASSIH. 1975.
(Fifth Edition 1980) 358 pp.
A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF EGYPTIAN ARABIC,
Volume 1: Conversations, Cultural Texts,
Sociolinguistic Notes.
By ERNEST T. ABDEL-MASSIH, A. FATHY BAHIG,
EL-SAID BADAWI, and CAROLYN KILLEAN. 1976.
(Second Revised Edition 1978). 454 pp.
Volume 2: Proverbs and Metaphoric Expressions.
By ERNEST T. ABDEL-MASSIH, EL-SAID BADAWI,
ZAKI N. ABDEL-MALEK and ERNEST N. McCARUS.
1978 (Preliminary Edition). 396 pp.
Volume 3: A Reference Grammar of Egyptian Arabic.
By ERNEST T. ABDEL-MASSIH, ZAKI ABDEL-MALEK,
EL-SAID BADAWI and ERNEST N. McCARUS. 1978
(Preliminary Edition). 337 pp.
Volume 4: Lexicon. Part I: Egyptian Arabic -
English; Part II: English - Egyptian Arabic.
By ERNEST T. ABDEL-MASSIH, EL-SAID BADAWI,
ZAKI N. ABDEL-MALEK and ERNEST N. McCARUS.
1979 (Preliminary Edition). 494 pp.
MOROCCAN ARABIC
AN INTRODUCTION TO MOROCCAN ARABIC
By ERNEST T. ABDEL-MASSIH. 1973. 438 pp.
ADVANCED MOROCCAN ARABIC

160
PAN-ARABIC
A SAMPLE LEXICON OF PAN-ARABIC
By ERNEST T. ABDEL-MASSIH. 1975. (Second Edition
1981). 157 pp.
BERBER (TAMAZIGHT)
A COURSE IN SPOKEN TAMAZIGHT: MIDDLE ATLAS BERBER
A REFERENCE GRAMMAR OF TAMAZIGHT: MIDDLE ATLAS BERBER
By ERNEST T. ABDEL-MASSIH. 1971. 322 pp
plus introduction.
A COMPUTERIZED LEXICON OF TAMAZIGHT (BERBER DIALECT
OF AYT SEGHROUCHEN)
plus introduction.
GENERAL NEAR EAST
REFORMED ADMINISTRATION IN LEBANON
By GEORGE GRASSMUCK and KAMAL SALIBI. 1964. 95 pp.
AFGHANISTAN: SOME NEW APPROACHES
Edited by GEORGE GRASSMUCK and LUDWIG W. ADAMEC
with FRANCES IRWIN. 1969. 405 pp.
PRELIMINARY INDEX OF SHAH-NAMEH ILLUSTRATIONS
Compiled by JILL NORGREN and EDWARD DAVIS, with an
Introduction by OLEG GRABAR. 1969. 477 pp.
BIBLIOGRAPHIES
EDUCATIONAL FILM GUIDE FOR MIDDLE EASTERN STUDIES
By JOSEPH GREENMAN and ANN JOACHIM. 1980. 161 pp.
AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE MODERN HISTORY OF
THE NEAR EAST
By RICHARD P. MITCHELL with DAVID SCHOENBACH. 1980.
37 pp.
POLITICS AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN THE MIDDLE
EAST: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
By CLEMENT M. HENRY with JEFFREY WOLFF and

STEVEN HEYDEMANN. 1980. 107 pp.

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PJ6640 A17 A Sample Lexicon of Pan Arabic Ernest T Abdel Massih Sample Lexicon of Pan Arabic Mdp.39015001787368

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A sample lexicon of Pan-Arabic / Ernest T. Abdel-Massih.

Generated on 2013-04-26 23:43 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015001787368

Generated on 2013-04-26 23:43 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015001787368

76se Zfr~e ityo( 7 W clsa%

Generated on 2013-04-26 23:43 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015001787368

Generated on 2013-04-26 23:43 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015001787368

1975 byq neu.t T. Abde-Ma sis-U

No pwt o j th o book ay be tPepdace~d in n

4~o Am withouwkittenpe~mjzsLcn c the auwthfrai.

fbiw7tLg o~ Cong~e6z Car~d WNubeAr: 75 - 18985

ISBN Numbed.: C-932098-1O-X

Second Ptr-&ztLng June 1979

Generated on 2013-04-26 23:43 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015001787368

Thud P ~v~g Jcanaax y 1981

Generated on 2013-04-26 23:43 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015001787368

Ackanow edg eexn ..tt..6

Generated on 2013-04-26 23:43 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015001787368

The. pnepwwaLovt o this Sam ple.Lexicon waA 4appo'L ted by the.

Stuct~.aats patst o jt gene/,a2 p/ogtwxn o6inets eacch and tr aini.ng on

the . Zcnguxtge/s and cuttw'CA o6 the .ae.z.We. Zookz owwLd to the.

continukaton o6 the. pwtject wiith the. addtiton o6 A Cate.9oi& Lexicon

comp-Pemote. work, A Compiehensive Lexicon o j Pan-A'tctb_'c. We. axe.i-

debte~d to a/sZ-utance 6xom the. Un~vet't&&tq of Michigan and the Unite~d

States O{ Lce. o4 Education iLn accomp~%sW ng the. wo-fz to date..

W.V. S choig enx

V12&e~ ton, Ce~n-en bon Nea.xEa~te/n

and No-Lth A6'iucan StudA&S

The. Uve.vs&t y 06 Michigan

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Ameiulcan Phto~s o ph-Lea! Societyi, whixich ae here g'u te~wCey acfanoweedged.

I am g'wztejuL to Ptwon~'. K. ALn Lthet, who ass then V-L'tecto'z. o~

To P o~eoot. W-&P1iam D. Sehotgvt, p-'tezen~t VLtecto' o6 the Centet ot.

co4o-&6 o typing and pubfJ-6 hang the man.rwAipt.

In addition, I wZ-ush to exp'tes4my1' thanzs to Ptco~eszof tz.'nu~t N.

Repubic o6 Egypt, 6ot .theii't con4-t'wc ve itema!Lkv5, Zni~ght~u2obisevaton-s, and

Waltace M. rwin, ChaiWtman o6 the P epaIti nent o j ktab.Lc, School o j Languat~ges

ZLntve6-t in the studyJ.

A-Ruhailqy, a g' aduto te stdent at the UnLve4 .t t o6 Michigan; 2 am indebted ~to

Generated on 2013-04-26 23:43 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015001787368

eat.Len'cstage o j the n ens ech .(1968-1971).

I am g iea~tyij-ndebted ~to Mt. Hatin L3. B&s hay~, Ph.V. codiLda-te

att the Uin Lv eit z4 tg o6 Michigan, bon chi&s devotiion, corscetiusn

zumred the. xbontLow6 e66o'n-t o6 ptzoo~uzead&cg the mccnwsc-zupt. I owe ac

-specLJ debt o6 g'cati~tude to Cecile Abde2-MasiJc 6bonchen vatuab~e heap

/stucdy#, son .arwetLvig my J nwnecab~e que16tcows , and botc hen patience,

en cowcag ern enrt and deep and eastan dLng .

I wo u~d tUe to expn'e~s my ,1nceIne thanks to M4. Susan Haxtvz,

Ph.D. candidate at the LU&'ie'v6-&tg o6 Mi'chigan, don. hetc dedi~cation to

~the studyi; hen't comments, eorvuttuctive tiemavs, and ccectv-ty wer'e ca

In addition, than-s cate duce to M s. Sandy CoLnson bon,. h&L he ep

with the EngL?,s h typi~ng. To the A'cab-.c typi&t, Mr. JamczfiBs ha ab e,

Ann Arbonc, MichiLgan

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Putpos>e. 064the. Study

06j basic high-{9Leqaencq 4spofze~n Axabc wox'~dosacmpansib e .i~n 6o.'in m tModexn

other h.ng, A Caego'r iaL& Lexiconl o Pan-ArtabiiLz: VoLwrie I (Catego'ue! 1-40)1,

VotumeI i (Categour ie 41-80) , Vofeume III (Categotr~4eA 81-120) ; az we.Ui ats A

Lt tetar'Ly A'abic - Edcaccte~d Va ect - EngVush; Pa/u t Two : Educa-ted d &at~c t -

Modexn Li tevaxy kxab~ic - Engt&&6k; Pa/ut Three.: ngLLzh - Educatedd l2Za-ect -

Paut F cve.: L cngLLvtic Lexicon.

"Eduaated SpolFze~n A1ab Lc,"~ c

"The. Midd e. Language.,"

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