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General Certificate of Education

Mathematics 6360
MPC4

Pure Core 4

Mark Scheme
2008 examination - June series

Mark schemes are prepared by the Principal Examiner and considered, together with the
relevant questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any
amendments made at the standardisation meeting attended by all examiners and is the scheme
which was used by them in this examination. The standardisation meeting ensures that the
mark scheme covers the candidates responses to questions and that every examiner
understands and applies it in the same correct way. As preparation for the standardisation
meeting each examiner analyses a number of candidates scripts: alternative answers not
already covered by the mark scheme are discussed at the meeting and legislated for. If, after
this meeting, examiners encounter unusual answers which have not been discussed at the
meeting they are required to refer these to the Principal Examiner.
It must be stressed that a mark scheme is a working document, in many cases further
developed and expanded on the basis of candidates reactions to a particular paper.
Assumptions about future mark schemes on the basis of one years document should be
avoided; whilst the guiding principles of assessment remain constant, details will change,
depending on the content of a particular examination paper.

Further copies of this Mark Scheme are available to download from the AQA Website: www.aqa.org.uk
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MPC4 - AQA GCE Mark Scheme 2008 June series

Key to mark scheme and abbreviations used in marking

M
m or dM
A
B
E
or ft or F
CAO
CSO
AWFW
AWRT
ACF
AG
SC
OE
A2,1
x EE
NMS
PI
SCA

mark is for method

mark is dependent on one or more M marks and is for method
mark is dependent on M or m marks and is for accuracy
mark is independent of M or m marks and is for method and accuracy
mark is for explanation
follow through from previous
incorrect result
correct answer only
correct solution only
anything which falls within
anything which rounds to
any correct form
answer given
special case
or equivalent
2 or 1 (or 0) accuracy marks
deduct x marks for each error
no method shown
possibly implied
substantially correct approach

MC
MR
RA
FW
ISW
FIW
BOD
WR
FB
NOS
G
c
sf
dp

mis-copy
mis-read
required accuracy
further work
ignore subsequent work
from incorrect work
given benefit of doubt
work replaced by candidate
formulae book
not on scheme
graph
candidate
significant figure(s)
decimal place(s)

No Method Shown
Where the question specifically requires a particular method to be used, we must usually see evidence of
use of this method for any marks to be awarded. However, there are situations in some units where part
marks would be appropriate, particularly when similar techniques are involved. Your Principal Examiner
will alert you to these and details will be provided on the mark scheme.
Where the answer can be reasonably obtained without showing working and it is very unlikely that the
correct answer can be obtained by using an incorrect method, we must award full marks. However, the
obvious penalty to candidates showing no working is that incorrect answers, however close, earn no
marks.
Where a question asks the candidate to state or write down a result, no method need be shown for full
marks.
Where the permitted calculator has functions which reasonably allow the solution of the question directly,
the correct answer without working earns full marks, unless it is given to less than the degree of accuracy
accepted in the mark scheme, when it gains no marks.
Otherwise we require evidence of a correct method for any marks to be awarded.

MPC4 - AQA GCE Mark Scheme 2008 June series

MPC4
Q

Solution

( )

Marks

( ) 9 ( 13 ) + 2

Total

Comments

= 1 + 3 + 2 = 4

A1

Use of 1
3
or
complete division with integer
remainder M1
remainder = 4 indicated A1

(b)(i)

f ( - 23 ) = 8 + 6 + 2 = 0

B1

AG

(b)(ii)

f( x ) = ( 3 x + 2 ) ( ax 2 + bx + c )

B1

a=9c=1

M1

1(a)

f 1 = 27 1
3
3

x 2 term 3 b + 2 a = 0
or
x term 3 c + 2 b = 9
b=6
or (could be shown as) 9 x 2 6 x + 1

(b)(iii)

M1

A1

f( x ) = ( 3 x + 2 )( 3 x 1)( 3 x 1)

A1

9 x 2 + 3 x 2 = ( 3 x 1)( 3 x + 2 )

M1

27 x3 9 x + 2
= 3 x 1
9 x2 + 3 x 2

A1

( )

or x + 2 is a factor PI
3
quadratic factor; find coefficients; 2
correct
equate coefficients and solve for b

(3 x + 2)

correct quadratic factor or a, b, and c

correct
or use division or factor theorem to
seek another factor (see alternative
methods at end of scheme)
SC (see alternative methods at end of
scheme)
factorise denominator correctly or
complete division

Total

simplified result indicated

MPC4 - AQA GCE Mark Scheme 2008 June series

MPC4 (cont)
Q
2(a)

Solution

dy
dx
=4
= 12
dt
dt
2t
dy
= 12 1
dx
4
2t

(c)

M1

use chain rule

dy
candidates
dt

gradient of normal = 2
y
=2
( x , y ) = ( 5,0 )
x5

B1F
M1
A1F

or

( x 3)( y + 1) = 2

y +1 = 1
2t

Comments

differentiate. 4; at 2 seen
both derivatives correct

A1

x 3 = 4t

Total

M1
A1

dy
=1
dx
2

t=1
2
(b)

Marks

dx
dt

CSO

F if gradient 1
calculate and use (x, y) on normal
F on gradient of normal ACF
x3
or 1 = 2 ( y + 1)
4
t
eliminate t; allow one error
1
accept y =
1 ACF
2 ( x 3)
or t =

B1
M1
A1

4
SC allow marks for part (c) if done in
part (a)
Total
3(a)

sin ( x + 2 x ) = sin x cos 2 x + cos x sin 2 x

10

M1

= sin x (1 2sin x ) + cos x ( 2sin x cos x )

B1B1

= sin x (1 2sin 2 x ) + 2sin x (1 sin 2 x )

A1

= 3sin x 2sin 3 x 2sin 3 x

= 3sin x 4sin 3 x

A1

sin 3 x = a sin x + b sin 3 x

M1

double angles; ACF ISW

condone missing x

(b)

b
x dx = a cos x cos3 x
3
1
1
3
sin x dx = 4 3cos x + 3 cos3 x

sin

all in sin x, correct expression

5

attempt to solve for sin 3 x where a 0

and b 0
either integral correct
F on a, b

A1F

) (+ C

A1

Total

CSO AG

CAO
alternative method by parts (see end of
mark scheme)

MPC4 - AQA GCE Mark Scheme 2008 June series

MPC4 (cont)
Q
4(a)(i)

(a)(ii)

Solution
1
4

Marks

( )

2
3
= 1 + 1 ( x) + 1 1 ( x)
4
2 4 4
3
= 1 1 x x2
4
32

(1 x )

16
3 16
= k 1 1 x ( x )
32 81
4 81

(81 16 x )

1
4

16
= 81 1 x
81
1
4

1
4

Total

Comments

1 1 x + kx 2
4

M1
A1

equivalent fractions or decimals

B1

x replaced by

M1

16
x
81

or start binomial again

condone one error (missing bracket; x
or x 2 ; sign error)
= 3(

8 2
= 3 4 x
x
27
729

A1

CSO AG
use of ( a + bx ) ignoring hence (see
end of mark scheme)
n

(b)

( )

8 1
3 4 1
27 16 729 16
= 2.9906979

M1
A1

Total

use x = 1
16
seven decimal places only

MPC4 - AQA GCE Mark Scheme 2008 June series

MPC4 (cont)
Q

Solution

3
5

5(a)(i)

cos =

(a)(ii)

cos ( ) = cos cos + sin sin

3
= cos + 4 sin
5
5

(a)(iii)

sin = 12
13
cos( ) =

(b)(i)

(b)(ii)

Marks

Total

Comments

B1

ACF

ACF

63
NMS B1B1
65

CSO AG

M1
A1

B1
63
65

B1

2 tan x
1 tan 2 x
2 tan x = 1 tan 2 x
tan 2 x + 2 tan x 1 = 0
tan 2 x =

M1
A1

2 4 + 4
tan x =
2

M1

= 1 2

A1

2 x = 45 x = 22 1 is acute
2

tan 22 1 = 2 1
2

must solve quadratic equation by

formula or by completing the square
condone one slip
2 required

E1

Total

10

explain selection of positive root

MPC4 - AQA GCE Mark Scheme 2008 June series

MPC4 (cont)
Q
6(a)

(b)

(c)

Solution

Marks

Total

Comments

2
= A + B
( x 1) x 1 x + 1
2

2 = A ( x + 1) + B ( x 1)

M1

x =1

x = 1

m1

A =1

B = 1

A1

2 dx = p ln x 1 + q ln x + 1
( )
( )
1

M1

ln integrals

= ln ( x 1) ln ( x + 1)

A1F

dy
2
=
dx
y 3 ( x 2 1)

M1

ln y = 1 ( ln ( x 1) ln ( x + 1) ) ( + C )
3
( 3,1) ln1 = 13 ( ln 2 ln 4 ) + C

use two values of x or equate

coefficients and solve
A + B = 0 and A B = 2
both A and B

F on A and B
condone missing brackets
separate and attempt to integrate on one
side

A1
A1F

left hand side

F from part (b) on right hand side
use (3, 1) to attempt to find a constant

m1

3ln y = ln ( x 1) ln ( x + 1) ( ln 2 ln 4 )

( )

x 1
3ln y = ln
+ ln 2
x +1

2 ( x 1)
ln y 3 = ln
x + 1

2
x

1
(
)
y3 =
x +1

A1

Total

10

CSO AG

MPC4 - AQA GCE Mark Scheme 2008 June series

MPC4 (cont)
Q

7(a)

(b)

Solution

Marks

AB 2 = ( 5 3) + ( 3 2 ) + ( 0 1)
2

2 1
5 0 = 2 + 3 = 5

1 3

M1

A1

(2 + )

CAO
(condone 73.2, 73.22 or 73.22)
JJJG JJJG
JJJG JJJG
JJJG
for OC OA or OA OC with OC in
terms of
condone one component error

A1
m1

+ 5 + ( 1 3 ) = 30
2

components
allow one slip in difference
accept 5.5 or better

5 or 5
F on either of candidates vectors
use a b cos = a b ; values needed

M1

JJJG 5+ 3 2 +
AC = 3 2 = 5
-3 1 1 3
2

10 + 10 = 0
( = 0 or ) = 1
2

A1

( = 0 ( 5,3,0 ) is B )

= 1 C is ( 4 ,3,3)

JJJG
AB direction l evaluated
condone one component error

B1F
M1

30 10

A1

= 73
(c)

M1
A1

Comments

JJJG JJJG
use OB OA in sum of squares of

AB = 30

cos =

Total

A1

Total

12

4
condone 3
3

MPC4 - AQA GCE Mark Scheme 2008 June series

MPC4 (cont)
Q
8(a)(i)

(a)(ii)

Solution

Marks

dx
=q
dt
dx
= kx
dt
p

A1

5
200

( = 0.025)

2
1

B1

(b)(ii)

100 > Ae 0.05 t

100
ln
> 0.05 t
A

M1

t > 51.3

A1

population first exceeds 1900 in 2059

A1F

4
9
75

10

CSO both (a)(i) and (a)(ii)

condone = for >; condone 99 for 100

m1

Total
TOTAL

in any correct combination

condone sign error or missing 0
k can be on either side of the equation

A1

A = 1300

( )

M1

(b)(i)

Comments

where p and q are functions

M1

500 = k 20000 or 500 = k 20000

k=

Total

take logs correctly

condone 0.5
or by trial and improvement (see end of
mark scheme)
F if M1 m1 earned and t>0 following A

MPC4 - AQA GCE Mark Scheme 2008 June series

MPC4 (cont)
Alternative methods permitted in the mark scheme
Q

Solution

Marks

Total

Comments

1(b)(ii) ALTERNATIVE METHOD 1

(3 x + 2)

is a factor

use factor theorem

B1

PI
use factor theorem or algebraic division
to find another factor

M1

()

f 1 = 0 ( 3 x 1) is a factor
3
f ( x ) = ( 3 x + 2 )( 3 x 1)( ax + b )

f ( x ) = ( 3 x + 2 )( 3 x 1)( 3 x 1)

A1
A1

ALTERNATIVE METHOD 2

(3 x + 2)

is a factor

B1

PI by division

divide 27 x 9 x + 2 by ( 3 x + 2 )

M1

complete division to ax 2 + bx + c

9 x2 6 x + 1
f ( x ) = ( 3 x + 2 )( 3 x 1)( 3 x 1)

A1

A1

1(b)(ii) SPECIAL CASE

( 3 x + 2 )( 3 x 1)( ax + b )
2(a)

y = 2 1 and differentiate
x3
dy
= 2 2
dx ( x 3)
x=5
dy
= 2 2
dx ( 5 3)

dy
=1
dx
2

M1

differentiate expression in y and x

A1

correct

m1

find and therefore use x (and y)

A1

11

MPC4 - AQA GCE Mark Scheme 2008 June series

MPC4 (cont)
Q
3(b)

Solution

Marks

Total

Comments

ALTERNATIVE METHOD 1

sin

xdx = sin 2 x sin xdx

M1

identify parts and attempt to integrate

=
sin 2 x cos x 2cos x sin x cos xdx
= sin 2 x cos x 2 cos3 x
3

(+ C )

A2

ALTERNATIVE METHOD 2

sin xdx = sin x d ( cos x )

= (1 cos x ) d ( cos x )
3

M1

condone sign error

= cos x + 1 cos3 x
3

(+ C )

A2

ALTERNATIVE METHOD 3

sin x sin xdx

sin x (1 cos x ) dx
2

M1

= cos x + 1 cos3 x
3

(+ C )

this form and attempt to integrate

A2

using ( a + bx ) from FB
n

4(a)(ii)
1

(81 16 x ) 4

= 814 + 1 81
4

8 2
= 3 4 x
x
27
729

8(b)(ii)

3
4

( 16 x ) + 1

t = 51 101.5
t = 52 96.6
51 < t < 52
population first exceeds 1900 in 2059

( )

2
3 1 4
81 ( 16 x )
4 2
M1
condone one error
A1

A1

t = 51 or t = 52 considered

M1
A3

12

CSO completely correct

CAO