8 RWP PTA Infinite Acting Reservoirs 2013 UWA

Reservoir and Well Performance
Pressure Transient Analysis: Infinite Acting Reservoirs

Presentation Outline
Model Response
First Drawdown after Stabilisation
Drawdown Response
Drawdown Analysis
Type Curves
Pressure Build-up Response
Horner Analysis
Non-dimensional Horner
Build-up Type Curve Analysis
Prof Peter Behrenbruch

8 PTA: Infinite Acting Reservoirsp 1
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
Ref: Gringarten
P. Behrenbruch
Time from start of drawdown
Pressure Drawdown Response

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Drawdown Response - General Solution

Example of pD(tD) Function
Example: Interference Test in an Infinite Reservoir

with Homogeneous Behaviour:
Ref: Gringarten
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Infinitive Reservoir, General Line Source Solution

10
104
105
106
107
108
109
Dimensionless Parameters
rD 1.0
pD
pD
0.00708kh
( pi pr ,t )
qB
t D 0.000264kt
2
rD
ct r 2
rD 20
10-1
Valid for
tD
0.5
2
rD
rD 1 ; t D 25
rD 20 ;
10-2
10-1
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
10
tD
rD2
P. Behrenbruch
102
103
104
Drawdown Type Curves

Example of Independent Variables*
Dimensionless parameters, non-unique match
Independent variables, unique match
* oilfield units
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Ref: Gringarten
Pressure Drawdown Analysis

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Pressure Transient Analysis

Logarithmic Approximation of Pressure Drawdown
at the wellbore
pD ~
or
1 4t D
ln 2
2 rD
valid for
t D 100
q 4kt
pwt pi
ln
2
4kh crw
and in field units
162.6qB
pwt pi
kh
where

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
k
3.23
log( t ) log
2
ct rw
ct co So cw Sw c f
P. Behrenbruch
Single Rate Transient Drawdown Analysis

Including Afterflow and Skin
Analysis Plot (Drawdown)
Equations (field units):
162.6qB
m
psi / cycle gives k
kh
pihr pi
k
3.23
s
log
2
crw
m
pi
Wellbore Storage
Effects
pw
plhr
Slope m
m is negative!
10-1
10
Time (hrs)

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
102
Identification of Correct Analysis for Semi-log Analysis

Log-log Drawdown Response and 1 Log Cycle Rule
Dp
psia
1000
1 log cycles
100
Expected start of
semi-log straight line
End of unit
slope line
10
0.01
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
0.1
1
P. Behrenbruch
10
t, hours
* Ref: Horne, Modern Well Test Analysis
Semi-log (Horner) Analysis

p, psia
5000
Start of semi-log
straight line
5000
4000
3000
p1hr
0.01
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
0.1
1
P. Behrenbruch
10
t, hours
Type Curves

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Wellbore Storage (1)

Rate Response
Flowrate, stb/d
2500
2000
1500
CD = 1,000
CD = 10,000
1000
500
0.01

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
0.1
Time, hours
P. Behrenbruch
10
100

Pressure Response
Pressure. psia
7000
6000
5000
CD = 1,000
CD = 10,000
4000
3000
0.01
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
0.1
1
Time, hours
P. Behrenbruch
10
100

Characteristic on Log-log Plot: 45o Slope
10000
Dp, psi
1000
45o slope
100
0.01
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
0.1
1
Dt, hours
P. Behrenbruch
10
100

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch

Examples of Independent Variables*
Ramey
Gringarten
* oilfiled units
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
Ref: Gringarten
P. Behrenbruch

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Analysis Process
Model Identification, Parameter Calculation, Model Verification
Ref: Gringarten
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch

Examples of Dimensionless Variables*
* oilfiled units
Ref: Gringarten
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Log-log Analysis
Ref: Gringarten
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Model Response in the First Drawdown

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
Ref: Gringarten
P. Behrenbruch

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Type Curve Matching (2)

Gringarten Curves
Ref: Gringarten
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Type Curve Matching (3)

Summary of Analysis Results
Match point:
(pD )
kh
( Dp)
141.2qB
tD
kh Dt
0.000295
C
CD
Type curve selected: C D e 2 S

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
kh
0.8936Ce 2 S
ct hrw2
P. Behrenbruch
Differential Type Curves Homogeneous Reservoir

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Infinite Acting Radial Flow

Straight Line on Semi-log Plot
Flat Region on Derivative Plot
Time, hrs
td/cd
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Wellbore Storage
Dt, hrs
Unit Slope Line on Log-log Plot

Unit Slope Line plus Hump* on
Derivative Plot
* The hump on a derivative plot is characteristic

of a damaged well (positive skin)
td/cd
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Pressure Build-up Responses

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Build-up Model Response

after First Drawdown
Ref: Gringarten
Time from start of drawdown

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Pressure Build-up
Transient Analysis
Concept
Rate, q
q1 q
pi
pwt1
pwt 2
q2 0
Dt
t1
t2
Time, t
Superposition 2kh ( p p ) (q 0) p t 0 s
i
wn
1
D D2
Equation:
(q2 q1 ) pD t D 2 t D1 s
qpD (t Dt ) qs qpD (Dt ) qs
2kh
( pi pwn ) pD (t Dt ) pD (Dt )
q
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Horner Analysis

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Pressure Build-up Analysis (Horner)

Slope m
pihr
p*
162.6qB
psi / cycle
kh
p ( Dietz )
p ws1hr p wf
k
t 1
s 1.151
log
3.23 log
2
m
t
cr
w
pw
Note:
t Dt;
i. If boundaries not felt at
ii. If semi-steady state before shut,
then Dietz method is valid
Wellbore
Storage
Effects
p* pi
log( c At DA )
3

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
t Dt
log
Dt
P. Behrenbruch

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Determining Start of Semi-log Straight Line

Pwf, psia
1000
1 log cycles
End of unit
slope line
0.01
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
0.1
Expected start of
semi-log straight line
1
P. Behrenbruch
10
2.43
Dt, hours
Picking Correct Horner Line

psia
p1hr
6000
5500
5000
Horner time = 11.8

4500
4000
3500
2.44
1
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
10
100
P. Behrenbruch
1000
(t+Dt)/Dt
Non-dimensional Horner Analysis

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Model Response: Build-up after first Drawdown

Horner Type Curve
Ref: Gringarten

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Horner Type Curve after Drawdown
Ref: Gringarten
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Type Curve Analysis (Gringarten)

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Drawdown and Build-up Pressure Response

Superposition of Rate
+q
q
tp
tp
t
-q
+q
tp
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Model Response: Build-up after first Drawdown

Gringarten Type Curve
Ref: Gringarten
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Build-up Type Curve Behaviour

Difference between Drawdown and Build-up
Ref: Gringarten

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Pressure Build-up Superposition Response:

Argarwal Correction Factor
pi
tequiv = tpDt / (tp + Dt)
Pi - pwf
pw
" Dp"
pwf
obsersed
" Dp"
Dte
tp

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
pwf(Dt) pwf(tp + Dt)
" Dp"
Dt
true
pwf(tp + Dt)
Pressure Buid-up Derivative Response

Before Argarwal Correction
psia
What does this

pressure decrease
represent?
P & P
1000
100
3.10
0.01
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
0.1
1
Time
P. Behrenbruch
10
hours
Build-up vs. Drawdown Pressure Response

Type Curves
Drawdown
Argawal Correction
Buildup
log Dp
log Dt
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Pressure Buid-up Derivative Response

After Argarwal Correction
psia
All Fixed
with the
Correct Analysis!
P & P
1000
100
3.11
0.01
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
0.1
1
Effective Time
P. Behrenbruch
10
hours
Additional Handouts
(Lecture 14)
Example*

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Type Curve Matching

Datum Shifting
10000
Dp, psi
1000
1 minute added
1 minute subtracted
100
0.01
4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
3.21
0.1
1
Dt, hours
P. Behrenbruch
10
100
Stimulated Well Example

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
10.1

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
10.2

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
10.3

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
10.4

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
10.5

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
Damaged Well Buildup

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
10.63

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
10.64

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
10.65

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch
10.66

4-6 April, 6-8 June 2012
P. Behrenbruch

8 RWP PTA Infinite Acting Reservoirs 2013 UWA

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

8 RWP PTA Infinite Acting Reservoirs 2013 UWA

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Reservoir and Well Performance

Pressure Transient Analysis: Infinite Acting Reservoirs

Prof Peter Behrenbruch

Time from start of drawdown

Pressure Drawdown Response

Reservoir and Well Performance

Drawdown Response - General Solution

Example: Interference Test in an Infinite Reservoir

Infinitive Reservoir, General Line Source Solution

Drawdown Type Curves

Independent variables, unique match

Pressure Drawdown Analysis

Reservoir and Well Performance

Pressure Transient Analysis

and in field units

Reservoir and Well Performance

Single Rate Transient Drawdown Analysis

Equations (field units):

Reservoir and Well Performance

Identification of Correct Analysis for Semi-log Analysis

* Ref: Horne, Modern Well Test Analysis

Semi-log (Horner) Analysis

* Ref: Horne, Modern Well Test Analysis

Reservoir and Well Performance

Wellbore Storage (1)

Reservoir and Well Performance

* Ref: Horne, Modern Well Test Analysis

Wellbore Storage (2)

* Ref: Horne, Modern Well Test Analysis

Wellbore Storage (3)

* Ref: Horne, Modern Well Test Analysis

Reservoir and Well Performance

Drawdown Type Curves

Reservoir and Well Performance

Drawdown Type Curves

Model Response in the First Drawdown

Reservoir and Well Performance

Reservoir and Well Performance

Type Curve Matching (2)

Type Curve Matching (3)

Type curve selected: C D e 2 S

Reservoir and Well Performance

Differential Type Curves Homogeneous Reservoir

Reservoir and Well Performance

Infinite Acting Radial Flow

* Ref: Horne, Modern Well Test Analysis

Unit Slope Line on Log-log Plot

* The hump on a derivative plot is characteristic

Pressure Build-up Responses

Reservoir and Well Performance

Build-up Model Response

Time from start of drawdown

qpD (t Dt ) qs qpD (Dt ) qs

Reservoir and Well Performance

Pressure Build-up Analysis (Horner)

Reservoir and Well Performance

Reservoir and Well Performance

Determining Start of Semi-log Straight Line

* Ref: Horne, Modern Well Test Analysis

Picking Correct Horner Line

Horner time = 11.8

* Ref: Horne, Modern Well Test Analysis

Non-dimensional Horner Analysis

Reservoir and Well Performance