Self-esteem and Classroom Performance

of BSN II Students of John Paul II College of Davao

A thesis Proposal Presented to the Faculty of the College of Nursing

John Paul II College of Davao
Davao City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Nursing

by
Cherry May Exclamador
September 2012

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to extend their profound thanks, sincere appreciation and
gratitude to those in one way or other have related and contributed, immensely to make this
work reality.
To God for giving us the strength, wisdom and who made all things possible. To our parents
and family members, for their never ending emotional, spiritual and financial support.
To the Dean of Nursing, Ms. Emalyn Santiesteban, R.N, MAN for letting us conduct this
study and for the richness of ideas she imparted to us.
To the Clinical Instructors for nurturing and teaching us, for unselfishly sharing the
knowledge as well as the encouragement and guidance to us to finish this study.
To our RN friends, for assisting in the collection of the topics for the chapters.

The Researchers

DEDICATION

This research work is warmly and lovingly dedicated to their parents for their unending
support and care, their classmates and friends for their support, encouragement and
insights, above all, to Almighty God for giving us strength, courage and wisdom.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Title Page

Acknowledgement

ii

Dedication

iii

Table of contents

iv

List of Tables

List of Figure

vi

Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Background of the Study
Statement of the Problem
Hypothesis
Review of Related Literature
Theoretical and Conceptual Framework
Significance of the Study
Definition of Terms
Chapter 2 METHODOLOGY
Research Design
Research Subjects
Research Instruments
Data Gathering Procedure
Statistical Treatment
REFERENCES

APPENDICES
Letter of Permission to Conduct the Study
Survey Questionnaire

LIST OF TABLES
Table
1. Scale for Self-Esteem of BSN II students
of John Paul II College of Davao

Page

LIST OF FIGURES
Table

Page

1. Conceptual Framework of the Study

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Background of the Study

As the first emphasis of this study, self-esteem has shown to be a significant personality
variable in determining human behavior. To understand a man psychologically, one must
understand the nature and degree of ones self-esteem, and the standards that one judges
oneself. One experiences ones desire for self-esteem as an urgent, imperative anda basic
need. One feels so intensely the need of a positive view of oneself (Branden, 2006). That
explains the reason that self-esteem level of university students was analyzed firstly in the
present study.
Self-esteem is confidence in ones capacity to achieve values(Branden, 2008). It is
subjective and enduring sense of realistic self approval. It reflects how the individual views and
values the self at the most fundamental levels of psychological experiencing (Bednar &
Peterson, 2005)
Coopersmith (2006) defined self-esteem as the evaluation, which the individual makes and
customarily maintains with regards to him/herself.Campbell and Lavallee (2006) define selfesteem as a self-reflexive attitude that is the product of viewing the self as an object of
evaluation. In addition, Hales (2007) defines self-esteem as the evaluative function of the self3concept. Self-esteem, thus, is the affective or emotional experience of the evaluations one
makes in the frame of ones personal worth. On the other hand, a social psychology text defines
self-esteem as an affective component of the self, that is persons positive and negative selfevaluations about him/herself (Brehm & Kassin, 2009). Nozick (2007) defined self-esteem as an
essentially comparative notion that is one evaluates him/herself how well he/she does
something with respect to how others can do or by comparing his/her performance to others.

The California State Task Force on Self-Esteem (2006) defines self-esteem as

appreciating my own worth and importance and having the character to be accountable for
myself and to act responsibly towards others (p.1)
Globally, self-esteem is the disposition to experience oneself as being competent to cope
with the basic challenge as being worthy of happiness. It is confidence in the efficiency of the
mind, to the ability of a person to think. Self esteem appears to influence peoples reaction to
valued outcomes. Through self esteem people make more self swing attributes for performance
outcomes and softer less emotional distress why they fall than to low self esteem people (Simon
& Schuiter 2007)
Philippine society is characterized by many positive traits. Self esteem or Amor propio is
one of those characters that the Filipino possesses. The Filipino are sensitive to their own self
esteem and cultivate sensitivity to the self esteem of others as well. Filipinos avoid hurting
others self esteem or else one is risk to termination of the relationship. Self esteem is concern to
help to maintain the harmony in society but it can also give willingness to sacrifices personal
integrity to remain in the group. Filipino care too much on impression & images that they might
created for others (Castro 2006)
For Dabawenyos, self esteem is considered to be one of the most important pillars of
healthy personality developments. It distinguishes between self evaluation that represents
global characteristics of the individual and those that reflect the individual sense of adequacy
across particular domains such as the entire competence and particular (tacio 2007)
Along this course, the researcher conducted the study to determine the level of self esteem
and classroom performance of BSN II students of John Paul II College of Davao.
State of the Problem

The main purpose of the study was to determine the self esteem and classroom
performance of BSN II students of John Paul II College of Davao.
Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions:
1. What is the level of self esteem of BSN II students of John Paul II College of Davao?
2. What is the level of classroom performance of BSN II students of John Paul II of College
of Davao?
3. Is there a significant relationship between self esteem and classroom performance of
BSN II students of John Paul II College of Davao?
Hypothesis
There is no significant relationship between self esteem and classroom performance of
BSN II students of John Paul II College of Davao.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This section summarized the views, ideas and point of views from different authors in which
their works have bearing on the study of self esteem and classroom performance of BSN II
students of John Paul II College of Davao.
Self esteem
Understanding self-esteem is basic to understand adolescents behavior. It is essential to
know how adolescents perceive, value and regard the self to interpret their behavior. A classic
work by Coopersmith (2006) proposed that the level of self-esteem affects all aspects of a
persons life. Roy (2009) says that self-esteem profoundly affects the ability to adapt changes in
ones life.
Class performance

The perception of academic success is a significant predictor of self-esteem in adolescent

students (Kearney-Cooke, 2007). Gilligan (2009) and hypothesize that adolescent females low
assessment of their own competence may lie within the social environment, which applauds
achievement and success in males but may react with ambivalence or negativity to female
success.
Hattie (2006) obtained an average correlation of 0.34 in the relationship between self-esteem
and academic results (operationalised as a persons overall average marks). That is, the
relationship between self esteem and academic results is weak. The results showed that the
lower the participants self-esteem, the more feelings of loneliness they reported 1 year later.
Theoretical Framework
Horney (2008), as a psychodynamic theorist, conceptualized self-realization as an innate
drives that stems from the childs position of helplessness in a potentially hostile world. This
innate drive results in what Horney called basic anxiety and need for security (Wells and
Marwell, 2006). The quality of relationship between the parent and the child determine the
existence of this extent. For child, there can be so many disturbing influences such as, parental
egocentricity, indifference, lack of respect, disparagement, lack of admiration, lack of warmth,
isolation, discrimination etc. (Coopersmith, 2007).
According to Horney (2008), an individual wish to value to oneself and to be valued by others
that led to either self-esteem or self-alienation. She differentiated between idealized, potential
and actual states of self. The persons inherent potentialities were named the real self, while
actual qualities were termed the actual self. The self ideal guides to persons actions. On the
other hand, the idealized self is defined based on neurotically idealized image of ones
capacities and goals that is considered 23

as a method of dealing with anxiety. This relationship is discussed by Horney between this form
of false self-esteem and neurosis
Maslow is probably best known with his hierarchy of needs. These needs began with
physiological needs of hunger and thirst, proceed to safety needs, then to the need for love, to
the need for esteem and finally to the need for self-actualization (Maslow, 2006). According to
Maslow (2006), all people have a need for desiring for a stable high evaluation of him/herself for
self-respect or self-esteem and the esteem of others. He categorized these human needs into
two parts. First one is to desire for strength, for success, for adequacy, for confidence in the
society that one live in, independence and freedom. Second one is desire for recognition,
attention, significance and appreciation. For him, the significance of these esteem were central
for ones psychological well-being. Their lack can lead to discouragement and psychopathology
(Maslow, 2006).
Rosenberg (2006) considered self-concept in two ways-as a motivational system and
structurally and self-esteem is core to each conceptualization. Rosenberg viewed the self as
being maintained and enhanced by the two very similar motives - self-esteem and self
consistency. According to him, self-concept is the individuals fundamental frame of reference
that includes almost all actions that are predicated. The self-esteem, which is one of the most
powerful motives in the human 24 development, was defined as a positive or negative attitude
toward a particular object, namely the self. Positive self-esteem is characterized by feelings of
self-respect and worthiness. Moreover, the individual recognizes his/her strengths and
weaknesses. On the other hand, the person with low self-esteem feels lack of respect for him /
her and seeks him/herself as unworthy and inadequate or deficient person.

Self-concept was defined as the totality of an individuals thoughts and feelings has reference
to him/herself as an object with respect to structural dimension (Rosenberg, 2006). Within selfconcept,
Rosenberg (2006) identified three broad regions: (1) the extant self-concept (what are we like)
(2) the desired self-concept (what we wish to be like), and (3) the presenting self (how we show
ourselves to others) His motivational system was described in terms of three objectives.
First one is means and ends, which include desiring to achieve a particular goal or attempting to
win social approval. As a second objective, self consistency and self-esteem was considered.
Confirmations of the self picture, testing self-hypotheses are the goals of the presenting self.
Thirdly, conformity to norms that means presenting oneself in certain culturally proscribed ways
can provide approval of society.
Conceptual Framework
Independent Variable

Self
Esteem

Dependent Variable

Classroom
Performance

Figure 1: Conceptual Framework of the Study

Figure 1 illustrates the conceptual framework of the study. The independent variable is the self
esteem of BSN II of John Paul II College of Davao while the dependent variable is the
Classroom performance of BSN II. The relationship between the two is also determined.

Significance of the Study

The significance of the study will benefit the following:
School Administrators - The findings of the study would provide the school administrators
relevant data about the level of self esteem and class performance of BSN II students of John
Paul II College of Davao, which would be their basis in providing seminars and symptoms
among administrators.
2nd year Students The findings of the study would provide new learning to the students and
be to assess the level of their self esteem as well as classroom performance and adopt changes
if necessary to be competent in the profession that they have chosen.
Clinical Instructors The findings of the study would provide new learning to the instructors
and emphasizes in their classroom instruction the importance of positive self esteem and
positive classroom performance for the students. Particularly those who are planning to work in
the hospitals in highly urbanized area as well as abroad.
Definition of Terms
The terms used in the study are defined operationally as follows:
Self esteem This refers to the extent to which BSN II students of John Paul II College of
Davao view themselves as good, competent, and decent individuals.
Classroom Performance This refers to the performance of BSN II in their NCM 102
academically based on their preliminary and midterm grades 1st semester school year 20122013.
BSN II Students This refers to the 2nd year nursing students Batch 2012-2013 of John Paul II
College of Davao.

Chapter 2
METHODOLOGY
Presented in this chapter are the research design, research subjects, research instruments,
data gathering procedure and statistics treatment of the data.
Research Design
Descriptive correlation design was used in the study according to Borg & Gall (2006),
descriptive correlation studies are aimed at finding out the level, degree or extent of both the
independent variables; observational and survey methods are frequently used to collect
descriptive data and determine the relationship of a bivariate study.
Research Instrument
The researchers used a survey questionnaire. This was constructed based from reliable
websites. The researchers also used the preliminary and midterm grades of BSN II in their
NCM102 major subject to measure the classroom performance of BSN II 1st semester school
year 2012-2013.
These was used to acquire appropriate data and come up with the baseline data tackling the
self esteem and classroom performance of BSN II students of John Paul II College of Davao.

Table 1: Scaling for Self esteem and Classroom Performance of BSN II students of John Paul II
College of Davao
Scale

Verbal Description

Range of Mean

Interpretation

5
4
3
2
1

Always
Often
Sometimes
Seldom
Never

4.50-5.00
3.50-4.49
2.50-3.49
1.50-2.49
1.00-1.49

Very high
High
Moderate
Low
Very low

Data Gathering Procedure

The following steps were followed in conducting the study:
1. The researchers prepared a letter asking permission from the Dean of the Nursing,
Emalyn Santiesteban, R.N., MAN, to conduct a survey among the BSN II students of
John Paul II College of Davao.
2. Upon approval, the researcher proceeded to distribute the questionnaires among the
respondents and explained to them the purpose of the study.
3. The questionnaires were then retrieved, tallied, computed interpreted and analyzed.
Statistical Treatment of the Data
The following statistical tools were used for the data treatment:
Mean This was used to determine the level of self esteem and classroom performance of BSN
II students of John Paul II College of Davao
Pearson - This was used to determine the significant relationship between self esteem and
classroom performance of BSN II students of John Paul II College of Davao.
REFERENCES
www.self.compassion.org
www.about.com

www.darmouth.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.google.com

APPENDIX A
Letter of Transmittal

August 20, 2012

Emalyn D. Santiesteban, RN, MAN

Dean College of Nursing
John Paul II College of Davao
Ecoland Drive, Matina Davao City

Madam:
Greetings!
We the Group 4 of Nursing Research subject would like to ask permission from your good office
to conduct a study in regards to Self esteem and Classroom Performance of BSN II students in
John Paul II College of Davao. This study will help to determine their class performance as early
as 2nd year.
We are hoping for your positive responses
Thank you so much!

Respectfully yours,
____________________
Cherry May Exclamador
Group leader

Noted by:

APPENDIX B
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
Dear Respondents:
Greetings!

This survey questionnaire is designed to determine the self esteem and classroom
performance of BSN II students of John Paul II College of Davao. Please answer the
following questions by means of putting
to the column using Likerts Scale:
5- Always; 4- Often; 3- Sometimes; 2- Seldom; 1- Never
Self-esteem of BSN II students of John Paul II College of Davao
Questions
1. How often do you feel inferior to your
classmates/friends?
2. How often do you have the feeling that there is
nothing you can do well?
3. When in a group of people, do you have trouble
thinking of the right things to talk about?
4. How often do you feel worried or bothered about
what other people think of you?
5. Do you ever that you are worthless individual?
6. Have you ever thought of yourself as physically
uncoordinated?
7. Do you ever feel uncomfortable meeting new
people?
8. Compared with classmates, how often do you
feel you must study more than they do to get the
same grades?
9. How often do you feel shyness?
10. How often do you have trouble understanding
things you read for class assignments?
11. How often do you imagine that you have less
scholastic ability than your classmates?
12. In general, how confident do you feel about
your abilities?
13. How often do you worry whether other people
like to be with you?
14. In turning in a major assignment such as term
paper, how often do you feel you did an excellent
job on it?
15. When you have read an essay and understand
it for class assignment, how worried or concerned
do you feel about it?
16. How often do you feel self-conscious?
17. Do you ever fell afraid or anxious when you are
going into the room?
18. How often do you have problems expressing
your ideas?
19. Have you ever thought that you lack ability?
20. How much do you worry about whether other

people regard you as a success or failure at

school?

CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: Cherry May Exclamador

Address: Blk 22 Lot 60 Samantha Homes Bago Gallera Davao City
Email add: memi.exclamador@yahoo.com
Personal information
Age: 22 years old
Civil Status: Single
Date of birth: May 14, 1990
Educational Attainment
College

John Paul II College of Davao

Secondary

Rizal Memorial Colleges

Elementary

Aras- asan Elementary Central School