CHAPTER III

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research methodology, design, locale and population of the
study, statistical analysis, research instrumentation, procedure of gathering the data, sampling
methodology. Statistical treatment of data is also presented. This enables the researcher to attain
the goal of the study.
Method of Research
The study will utilized the descriptive method of research due to its appropriateness to the
problem and determining the teacher respondents demographic profile. Descriptive research is an
investigation which describes and interprets. It is concerned with conditions or relationship that
exists; factors that prevail and risk and consequences that are going on; effects that are being felt
or trends that are developing.(Aquino 2010)
Good and Scates (2007) states that Descriptive research purports to the present facts concerning
the nature and status of anything.
According to calderon and Gonzales (2008), a Descriptive Research aims primarily
towards development of theories and principles
The study will utilize descriptive research since this will be focused on the perception of
teachers on the effectiveness of leadership style of the prinicpals.

45

Research Setting
This study will be conducted at the selected parochial schools in Cavite. These schools
are members of the Cavite Diocese Parochial Schools Association in the Diocese of Imus. These
institutions offer pre-elementary, elementary, and secondary courses.
Subject of the Study
The population of the study will be 150 teachers coming from the parochial school of the
diocese of Cavite. Schools that will be involved in the study will be Diocesan Schools of Imus
Cavite composed of teachers and caters __________________ no. of student as the whole
population.
There were _________________ teacher-respondents from the total population. The
______________ sample respondents from De Guia Academy of Magallanes, Cavite; Fr.
Micheal Donoher Memorial School, Inc. Of Silang, Cavite; Holy Family Academy of Gen,
Mariano Alvarez, Dasmarinas, Cavite; Infant Jesus Academy of Silang Cavite; Jesus, Son of
Mary and Paraclete Foundation of DBB-A Dasmarinas, Cavite; Mbuting Pastol Montesorri of
Pala pala, Dasmarinas, Cavite; Maragondon Parochial School of Maragondon, Cavite; Nazareth
School of Gen, Aguinaldo Bailen, Cavite; Our Lady of the Pillar Catholic School of Imus,
Cavite; Sacred Heat of Jesus Parochial School of Area 1, Dasmarinas, Cavite; St. Augustine
School of Mandez and Tanza, Cavite; St. Gregory Academy of Indang, Cavite; St. Joseph
Parochial School of Kaytitinga, Alfondo, Tagaytay City; St. Jude Parochial School of Trece
Martinez, Cavite; St. Mary Magdalene Parochial School of Amadeo and Kawit, Caviteand St.
Micheals Institue of Bacoor, Cavite randomly selected.

46

According to Bernardez (2011), the said random sampling technique will make use of list
of all names in the population and employs a system of selecting cases from the list that will
guarantee every case has equal chance of being selected.
The study will utilized the random sampling technique specifically the fish bowl method
on a system of selecting the respondents wherein the names of each teacher will be written on a
piece of paper of the same size and color, will be rolled until the total number of teacher
respondents is attained.
The population of the study will be the teachers in the parochial schools of the Diocese of
Imus Cavite known as Cavite Diocese Parochial Schools Association (CADIPSA) headed by
their Superintendent, Rev. Fr. Alain P. Manalo. CADIPSA is composed of twenty parochial
schools situated in the different parts of Cavite.
Research Instrument
The main gathering instrument of this study was a questionnaire which will be distributed
to the respondents. The items in each category were derived from the CADIPSAs Evaluation
Tool for an Excellent Catholic School Educator entitled The Effective Parochial School
Principal.
Questionnaire
The main instrument that will be used to gather the data needed in the study will be the
Effective Parochial School Principal which the researcher derived from CADIPSAs
Evaluation Tool for an Excellent Catholic School Educator. The questionnaire is composed of
four domains: Professional Competence, Efficient and Effective Work Habits, Christian

47

Witnessing and Commitment to Catholic Education with fifteen attributes to be assessed. Likert
scale from 1-5 were used to show the degree of the answers of the respondents.
Data Gathering Procedure
As soon as the final revision of the instrument will be completed, the researcher will seek
permission from the school principal of the Parochial School of the Diocese of Imus, Cavite to
administer the questionnaire to the respondent teachers upon receiving the letter of approval,
dissemination of the questionnaire to the teachers will be done by the researcher. The researcher
will personally distribute the questionnaire of the teachers to the school. The researcher herself
will retrieve the copies of the questionnaire after the number of days allotted for the teacher
respondents who will answer the questionnaire.
An unstructured interview will also be conducted to the respondents to supplement the
findings in this study.
The data will be collected and presented in tabular form. This tabular illustration will
reflect raw data and range of values assigned to respective items in the data collection
instrument. The data that will be gathered will be analyzed, interpreted and presented in textual
and tabular forms.
Validation
The researcher-made questionnaire was formulated derived from the CADIPSAs
assessment instrument in assessing the Catholic School Educators relevant to the study being
conducted. The final questionnaire will be drafted after incorporating the suggestions and
corrections by the researchers adviser.

48

Dry - Run
Since the researcher-made questionnaire is a non-standard research instrument it should
adhere to certain principles of dry - run prior to its administration to the respondents.
The final draft of the questionnaire will be submitted again to the adviser for critiquing.
Selection of items from the CADIPSAs Evaluation Tool for an Excellent Catholic School
Educator will be incorporated based on the comments and suggestions of the adviser and teacherexperts in the field and then final copies will be reproduced. This will undergo a dry run with 15
teachers who will not included as respondent. These teachers will be submitted for a dry run
procedure to answer the survey questionnaire that the researcher had prepared.
After the dry - run, the contents or every item in the instrument will become more
relevant and pertinent to the subject matter.
The result of the dry - run will reveal a chronbachs alpha coeffiecient and will result to
the reliability of the study.
Statistical Treatment
The data will be gathered from the questionnaire-checklist, will be tallied, tabulated, and
will be subjected to statistical treatment to formulate consistency and understanding of the data
gathered.
The following statistical tools will be employed in the study.
1. Percentage. This will be used to show the percentage of the number of teachers involved as
respondents of the study who were taken from the twenty parochial schools of the Diocese of
Imus Cavite.
49

2. Weighted mean. This will be used to quantify the respondents perceptions to the level of
competencies of teachers.
3. To determine the significant difference in the perceptions of the respondents, the t-test for
uncorrelated data will be employed.

50