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8 Pages
Date:
Subject:
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
No. Mk.
1. Complete the sections above but do not seal until the examination is finished.
2. Insert in box on right the numbers of the questions attempted.
3. Start each question on a new page.
4. Rough working should be confined to left hand pages.
5. This book must be handed in entire with the top corner sealed.
6. Additional books must bear the name of the candidate, be sealed and be affixed to
the first book by means of a tag provided
Solution
(1)
Section I
q=0
Pwf = Pi = 3700
(b) Based upon a THP of 200 psi, calculate the bottomhole flowing
pressures from the gradient curves supplied.
qo
STB/d
Pth
psi
Depth
Equiv
Ft
Actual
Depth
Ft
1000
2000
3000
4000
6000
8000
200
200
200
200
200
200
2000
1850
1750
1600
1350
1200
6400
6400
6400
6400
6400
6400
Total
Equiv
Depth
Ft
8400
8250
8150
8000
7750
7600
Pwf
psi
1790
1810
1810
1820
1840
1870
4000
Pwf
psi
TPR
3100
3000
TPR
IPR s = 0
S=+5
2000
IPR s = 0
S = + 10
1000
1000
2000
3000
4000
Qo
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
(c) The shape of the TPR is essentially flat and suggests that the
tubing size is not constrained by friction in the operating range. Low
GOR accentuates this effect.
(2)
PI damaged
PI undamaged
ln
re 3
ln r 4
= w
re
3+ 5
ln r 4
w
1000
Re
= ln
8
Rw
0.33
8 3
8 3
S = + 5, PI damaged = 4 x6 = 3.55
8 3 + 5
4
(b) Plot the IPR curves for the skin factors of +5 and +10.
(3)
(a) Based on the PI of 6 and S=0, shift the IPR down until it reaches
an intersection with the TPR for accepted minimum economic rate of
2500 STB/d. Extrapolate back and read off the bottomhole flowing
pressure as approximately 3100 psi.
Section II Solution
1. Key Issues:
- water breakthrough in multiple layer
- low pressure and hence low tolerance to water cut
- potential sanding in water out selection
Options are:
Open hole
Screen Completion
- selectively perforate to
control influx location
- can be squeezed to isolate water
Approx Depths
Below Seabed ft.
Oil Producer
Function
1
5 /2" Tubing
5 1/2" TRSSSV
Subsurface
emergency closure
4 1/2" Tubing
9 5/8" Casing
Tubing/annuluscirculation
5200'
5260'
Wireline Nipple
To set plug to
isolate S.P.M.
TBG Movement
TBG Disconnect
5300'
5600'
6100'
7" Liner
6400'
High angle
Permanent due
to proposed gas
lift
Retrieve packer
Can set plug
to isolate
reservoir
Facilitates retrieval
of wireline or coiled
tubing tools and guns
TD
Figure 1
PBR allows:
Options
(i) Is the PBR required or would a static seal be better eg. Anchor seal
may be more reliable if the tubing stresses are not significant
(ii) An annular safety valve would be considered but would not strictly
be necessary
Wireline Nipple
WEG
Figure 2
5 1/2" Tubing
5 1/2" TRSSSV
Possible ASV
4 1/2" Tubing
9 5/8" Casing
4 1/2" Gas Mandrel
4 1/2" Gas Mandrel
4 1/2" Gas Mandrel
4 1/2" Gauge Mandrel
Wireline Nipple
PBR C/W Anchor
Hydraulic Set Packer
MOE
Wireline Nipple
WEG
7" Liner Hanger
7" Liner
Figure 3
10