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R. Henda
R. Henda
d
du
(c(u ) ) = 0;
dx
dx
u (0) = 0; u (1) = 1
c(u ) = 1 + u
N +1
u N ( x) =
ci x i
i =0
u N (1) = 1
N +1
ci = 1 c1 = 1
i =1
i=2
R. Henda
u N ( x) = x +
c (x
i
x)
i =2
u N ( x) = x +
A (x
i
i +1
x)
i =1
w i R ( x , u N ) dx = 0
D: x [0,1]; i =1,..., N
N algebraic eqns. c2, c3,..., cN+1
Collocation
wi ( x) = ( x xi ) displaced Dirac delta
wi ( x) = ui ( x)
x = xi (0) = 1; x xi ( 0) = 0
wi ( x) R ( x, u N ) dx = R (xi , u N ) = 0
R ( x , u N ) dx = 0
R. Henda
[ (1 +
xj
=0
Ai [(i + 1) x i 1]) 2 + (1 + [ x +
i =1
Ai ( x i +1 x)])
i =1
A (i + 1) i x
i 1
i =1
]x j = 0
A12
+ 3 A1 + 1 = 0
2
A1 = 0 . 3166
u1 = x 0.3166( x 2 x )
R. Henda
Solution
6
(x
x ){( 1 + x + A1 ( x 2 x )) 2 A1 + (1 + A1 ( 2 x 1 )) 2 } dx = 0
A1 = 0 . 326
Solution
u1 = x 0.326 ( x 2 x )
u = 1 + (1 + 3 x) 0.5
Exact Solution
R. Henda
Collocation-Galerkin-Exact
(excellent!)
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
w(x)P
( x ) Pm ( x ) dx = 0
when n m
Pn is orthogonal on [a, b]
9
R. Henda
Legendre Polynomials
R. Henda
Jacobi Polynomials
10
y ( x) = y ( x = 1) + (1 x )
2
a P
i i 1 ( x )
(1)
i =1
11
R. Henda
w(x)P
( x ) Pm ( x ) x a 1 dx = 0
(2)
when n m
R. Henda
1 Planar
2 Cylindrical
3 Spherical
12
( , ) = (0,0) or
( , ) = (1,1)
R. Henda
y ( x) =
d x
2i 2
i =1
at x j : y ( x j ) =
N +1
(Even orders)
2i 2
j
di
i =1
Vectorial form
R. Henda
y =
Q
d
(N+1) (N+1)(N+1) (N+1)
14
N +1
(2i 2) x
2i 3
j
di
i =1
dy/dx = C d = C Q-1 y
=A y
d2y
dx
R. Henda
N +1
|x j =
(2i 2)(2i 3) x
2i 4
j
di
i =1
d2y/dx2 = D d = D Q-1 y
=B y
15
y
= 2 y
t
16
y ( x) = b + cx + x(1 x)
a P
i i 1 ( x )
(1)
i =1
w(x)P
0
( x ) Pm ( x ) x a 1 dx = 0
when n m
(2)
R. Henda
y ( x) =
d x
i 1
i =0
18
x1
x2
xk
x=1
xk+1
xN+1 xN+2
x1 x2
R. Henda
R. Henda
20
10
Course Structure
Introduction to Process Simulation
Finite Elements: Distr. Systems
Tutorial III
Advanced Approximations
R. Henda
Course Projects
21
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