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FOREIGN DIRECT
INVESTMENT IN HOTEL
AND TOURISM
For example, the civilian nuclear deal led to transfer of nuclear energy know-how
between the USA and India.
Increased competition - FDI increases the level of competition in the host country.
Other companies will also have to improve on their processes and services in
order to stay in the market. FDI enhanced the quality of products, services and
regulates a particular sector. Linkages and spillover to domestic firms- Various
foreign firms are now occupying a position in the Indian market through Joint
Ventures and collaboration concerns. The maximum amount of the profits gained
by the foreign firms through these joint ventures is spent on the Indian market.
1.7 Sectors Receiving the Maximum FDI Inflows in Hotel & Tourism Industry in IndiaHotel and Tourism is one of the most booming sectors in Indian economy. It has contributed
heavily in the Gross Domestic Product of India.
100 percent FDI is permitted in the Hotel and Tourism in India under various approvals. Under
Automatic route, FDI is allowed only up to 51 percent in this industry. As per FDI guidelines for
hotel and tourism industry in India, following are the sectors, in hotels, which have been
receiving the maximum amount of FDI Inflows for the past few years:
Restaurants
Beach resorts
As per FDI guidelines for hotel and tourism industry in India, following are the sectors in
tourism which have been receiving the maximum amount of FDI Inflows for the past few years:
Travel agencies
1.8 FDI in Hotels and Tourism Industries in IndiaMICE (meetings, incentives, conferences and exhibitions) tourism is also one of the fastestgrowing in the global tourism industry. It caters largely to business travelers, mostly corporates.
It caters to various forms of business meetings, international conferences and conventions, events
and exhibitions. The Ashok, New Delhi; Hyderabad International Convention Centre,
Hyderabad; and Le Meridian, Cochin, are forerunners in the Indian MICE tourism industry,
facilitating domestic and international business meetings and conferences. The Indian Hospitality
Sector is witnessing one of its rare sustained growth trends.
Hotel industry is inextricable linked to the tourism industry and the growth in the Indian tourism
industry has fuelled the growth of Indian Hotel Industry. A major reason for the demand for hotel
rooms is the underlying boom in the economy, particularly the growth in the information
technology enabled services and information technology industries. Rising stock indices and new
business opportunities are also attracting foreign institutional investors, funds, equity and venture
capitalist. The financial year 2008 09 was an unforgettable one for the Indian tourism industry
with the Mumbai terror attacks and the global economic downturn affecting the industrys
performance. The Hotel Industry, too, observed an overall decline in occupancy and revenue in
most cities in India.
100 percent FDI is permitted in the hotel and tourism industry in India under various approvals
Hotels offer restaurants, beach resorts, and other tourist complexes which provide
accommodation or catering and food facilities to tourists
Tourism Sector includes tour operating agencies and tourist transport operating agencies, units
which offer cultural, adventurous and wild life experiences to tourists, and various other
entertainment programs which include, water sport activities, leisure games, amusement parks as
well as the health care units
Automatic approval for foreign technology in the hotel and tourism sector will be availed if 3
percent of the total expense of the project occupies infrastructural developments
Up to 3 percent of the net turn over is payable as marketing fee under automatic route 10 percent
of the gross operating profit is payable as management fee under automatic route.
Hotel and Tourism sector is declared as high priority sector and Foreign Direct
Investment (FDI) upto 100%, under the automatic route is permitted in Hotels & Tourism
Sector, subject to applicable laws/regulations, security and other conditionalties.
As per report received from Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion, the details of the FDI
equity flows from April 2008 to January 2012 in the hotel and tourism sector is as follows:
Sl.No.
Year (Apr-Mar)
FDI (` in crore)
1.
2008-09
489
2,098.23
2.
2009-10
582
3,566.32
3.
2010-11
403
1,405.15
4.
2011-12 (Apr-Jan)
427
4,041.28
1901
11,110.98
Grand Total
The FDI has been allowed with an objective to encourage investments in the hotel sector in India
and to create job opportunities in hospitality sector.
This information was given by the Minister of State for Tourism, Shri Sultan Ahmed in a
written reply in LokSabha today.
The Indian tourism has experienced a growth of 24.6% during 20092010 timeframe. The
industry is the third-largest foreign exchange earner, accounting for 6.2% of Indias GDP and
8.8% of Indias total employment, according to a report by the Planning Commission. It has
significant linkages with other sectors such as agriculture, horticulture, transportation,
handicrafts and construction. The tourism industry includes travel agencies, tour operating
agencies and tourist transport operating agencies; units providing facilities for cultural, adventure
and wildlife tourism; surface, air and water transport facilities for tourists; and
convention/seminar units and organizations.
According to the Planning Commission, the sector creates more jobs per million rupees of
investment than any other sector of the economy and is capable of providing employment to a
wide spectrum of job seekers, from the unskilled to the specialized, even in the remote parts of
the country. The sectors employment-generation potential has also been highlighted by the
World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC), which says Indias travel and tourism sector is
expected to be the second-largest employer in the world, employing 40,37,000 people, directly or
indirectly, by 2019.
Travel and tourism is a USD 32 billion business in India, according to industry estimates; in
addition, the
The Indian tourism sector includes medical and healthcare tourism, adventure tourism, heritage
tourism, ecotourism, rural tourism and pilgrimage tourism. Medical tourism also known as health
tourism has emerged as an important segment, owing to Indias skilled healthcare professionals
and the lower cost of healthcare facilities in the country. Wellness tourism is regarded as a subsegment of medical tourism and it involves the promotion and maintenance of good health and
well being. India, with its widespread use of Ayurveda, Yoga, Siddha and Naturopathy,
complemented by its spiritual philosophy, is a well-known wellness destination.
Heritage tourism is oriented towards exploring the cultural heritage of a tourist location. India is
well known for its rich heritage and ancient culture. The countrys rich heritage is amply
reflected in the various temples, majestic forts, gardens, religious monuments, museums, art
galleries and urban and rural sites.
Due to its varied topography and distinctive climatic conditions, India is endowed with various
forms of flora and fauna, and it has numerous species of birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians
and plants life on offer for tourism. Wildlife tourism includes wildlife photography, bird
watching, jungle safari, elephant safari, jeep safari, jungle camping, ecotourism, etc.
Several other initiatives undertaken to promote different tourism products include the following:
Rural tourism: Rural tourism showcases rural life, art, culture and heritage at rural
locations. The existing scheme for destination development supports the development of
infrastructure in rural areas. Under this scheme, the thrust is on promotion of village
tourism as a primary product to spread tourism and its socio-economic benefits to rural
and new geographic regions. The Ministry of Tourism has joined hands with the UNDP
for capacity building around 153 rural tourism projects have been sanctioned in 28
states/Union Territories including 36 rural sites where UNDP offers support in capacity
building. Under the Visit India 2009 scheme, around 15 rural tourism sites were selected
as rural eco-holiday sites.