L06 Hong Kong in Figures 2013

Hong Kong
in Figures
2013 Edition
Government of the Hong Kong

Special Administrative Region
Cover designed by the Information Services Department
Printed by the Government Logistics Department
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government
(Printed with environmentally friendly ink on recycled paper)
Hong Kong in Figures

2013 Edition
Census and Statistics Department

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
February 2013
Enquiries about this booklet can be directed to :

General Statistics Section
Census and Statistics Department
Address : 19/F, Wanchai Tower, 12 Harbour Road, Wan Chai,
Hong Kong.
Tel. : (852) 25824068
Fax : (852) 28271708
E-mail : gen-enquiry@censtatd.gov.hk
Website of the Census and Statistics Department :
www.censtatd.gov.hk
Key Indicators
Reference
period
Average
annual rate
of change
Magnitude 20072012
Indicator
Unit
PopulationU
Number of householdsU#
Labour forceU#
Unemployment rate#
Real Wage Index
(Sep. 1992=100)
Value of total exports
000
000
000
%
Mid-2012
2012
2012
2012
Sep. 2012
7 154.6
2 379.1
3 792.3
3.3
127.7
+0.7%
+1.1%
+0.9%
+1.7%
HK$
billion
2012
3,434.3
+5.0%
2012
102.3
+1.8%
2012
3,912.2
+6.4%
2012
285,146
+3.6%
2012
2,040.1
+4.3%
2012
1,889.8
+2.5%
2011
93.0
2012
110.3
+3.3%
2012
132.1
+8.9%
2012
130.0
90.2
19.9
+1.7%
7.2%
+2.9%
2012
8,971.3
+7.9%
EndNov.
2012
2012
1 064
+5.3%
48 615
+11.5%
Quantum index of total

exports (Year 2010=100)
Value of imports
HK$
billion
HK$
Per capita GDP at current

market pricesU@
GDP at current market
HK$
prices@
billion
GDP in chained
HK$
(2010) dollars@
billion
BoPcurrent
HK$
account balance@
billion
Composite Consumer
Price Index
(Oct. 2009 Sep. 2010=100)
Volume index of total
retail sales#
(Oct. 2009 Sep. 2010=100)
Business Receipts Indices
(Quarterly average of 2008=100)
Banking
Financing (except banking)
Newly completed
000
residential flats
Money Supply M3@
HK$
billion
Public mobile subscribers
per 1000 populationU(1)
Visitor arrivals
000
Third
quarter of
2012
Please see the special note on page 7

Please see the special note on page 7
@ Figures are subject to revision later on
#
Provisional figures
Not applicable
(1) Excluding pre-paid SIM cards
3
Contents
Page
Key Indicators
Geography and Climate
Geography
Meteorological observations
Hong Kong in the Asia Pacific Region
Land area of Hong Kong
Map of Hong Kong
Population
Mid-year population by sex
Mid-year population by age group
Population growth
Vital events
Households
Population density by area
Labour
Labour force and labour force participation rate by sex
Labour force by age group
Unemployed persons and unemployment rate
Underemployed persons and underemployment rate
Employment distribution by industry section
Civil servants
Wages and earnings
Stoppages of work
External Trade
Aggregate merchandise trade
Merchandise trade by main country/territory
Imports, retained imports and re-exports by end-use category
Domestic exports by principal commodity
Merchandise trade index numbers
Exports and imports of services by major service group
National Income and Balance of Payments

Gross Domestic Product
Gross National Income
Balance of Payments
International Investment Position by broad component
Prices
Year-on-year rates of change in the Consumer Price Indices
Year-on-year rates of change in other price indices
Business Performance
Regional headquarters, regional offices and local offices in Hong
Kong representing parent companies located outside Hong Kong
Index of industrial production
Retail sales
Restaurant receipts
8
8
8
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
16
17
17
18
19
20
20
25
26
27
28
28
28
29
29
29
29
29
30
Contents (contd)
Energy
Page
31
Electricity consumption
Gas consumption
31
31
Housing and Property
32
Permanent living quarters by type

Property transactions
Newly completed residential flats by type
Newly completed private buildings by end-use
Private buildings with consent to commence work by end-use
Government Accounts and Finance

Government revenue and expenditure
Public expenditure by policy area group
Fiscal reserves
Foreign currency reserve assets
Money supply
Deposits, loans and advances of authorized institutions
Hong Kong dollar interest rates
Exchange rates
Effective Exchange Rate Index
Value of stock exchange turnover, market capitalisation and
index of share prices
Science and Technology

Penetration of information technology in the household sector
Usage of information technology among household members
Transport, Communications and Tourism

Inward and outward movements of aircraft and ocean vessels
Inward and outward movements of cargo
Port container throughput
Public transport passenger journeys
Motor vehicles licensed by type
Public roads
Postal services
Access to information and communication technology
Arrivals and departures of passengers by mode of transport
Hong Kong resident departures by control point
Visitor arrivals by country/territory of residence
Hotel accommodation
Education
Student enrolment by level of education
Distribution of educational attainment of population aged 15 and over
Health
Expectation of life at birth by sex
Registered deaths and death rate by leading cause of death
Infant mortality rate
Hospital beds and selected types of registered healthcare professionals
32
32
33
33
33
34
34
34
35
35
35
36
36
37
37
37
38
38
38
39
39
39
39
40
40
40
40
41
42
42
43
43
44
44
44
45
45
45
45
46
Contents (contd)
Page
Social Welfare
47
Social security
47
Law and Order
47
Reported crimes by type of offence

Persons arrested for crime by type of offence
Further Information
47
47
48
General Notes
1.
Figures in brackets refer to percentage changes over the same period in

preceding year and are calculated based on unrounded figures.
2.
There may be a slight discrepancy between the sum of individual items

and the total as shown in the tables due to rounding.
Special Notes
U
A Population Census was conducted in June to August 2011 in Hong Kong.

Apart from serving as the prime source of data for small areas and
population sub-groups, the results of the 2011 Population Census provided
a benchmark for revising the population figures compiled since the 2006
Population By-census. Population figures from end-2006 to mid-2011 have
been revised accordingly. Similarly, other statistics involving the use of the
population figures in the compilation process have also been revised to
take into account the results of the 2011 Population Census.
The entire data series of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Gross National
Income (GNI), Balance of Payments (BoP) and International Investment
Position have respectively been revised following the completion of a
technical exercise by the Census and Statistics Department (C&SD) in
September 2012 to incorporate the latest international statistical standards
as stipulated in the United Nations System of National Accounts 2008 and
the International Monetary Funds Sixth Edition of the Balance of Payments
and International Investment Position Manual in the GDP and BoP
compilation frameworks of Hong Kong respectively.
Symbols
The following symbols are used throughout the booklet :
Not applicable
N.A. Not yet available

#
Provisional figures
Figures are subject to revision later on
Revised figures
**
The statistics are compiled based on data collected in the General

Household Survey from January to December of the year concerned as well
as the mid-year population estimates by District Council district compiled
jointly by the Census and Statistics Department and an inter-departmental
Working Group on Population Distribution Projections.
7
Geography and Climate

Geography
Hong Kong is situated at the south-eastern tip of the mainland of China, with a
total area of about 1 104 square kilometres covering Hong Kong Island, Kowloon
and the New Territories and Islands.
Meteorological observations
Normals (19812010)
Whole
January
July
year
Air temperature (C)
Mean maximum
Mean
Mean minimum
Mean relative humidity (%)
Total rainfall (mm)
Total bright sunshine (hours)
Mean wind speed (km/h)
18.6
16.3
14.5
74
24.7
143.0
25.3
31.4
28.8
26.8
81
376.5
212.0
21.3
Hong Kong in the Asia Pacific Region
25.6
23.3
21.4
78
2 398.5
1 835.6
23.3
2012
25.8
23.4
21.6
81
1 924.7
1 551.2
23.9
Land area of Hong Kong
Hong Kong Island

Kowloon
New Territories and Islands
Total
2007
2011
Sq. km
2012
80.5
46.9
976.9
1 104.3
80.6
46.9
976.9
1 104.4
80.6
46.9
976.9
1 104.4
Note : Figures are as at end of the year.
Map of Hong Kong
Population
Mid-year population by sexU
Sex
Male
Female
Total
2007
Number
(000)
3 283.9 47.5
3 632.4 52.5
6 916.3 100.0
2011
Number
(000)
3 303.0 46.7
3 768.6 53.3
7 071.6 100.0
2012
Number
(000)
3 327.3 46.5
3 827.3 53.5
7 154.6 100.0
Mid-year population by age groupU

Age
group
2007
Number
(000)
2011
Number
(000)
2012
Number
(000)
Under 15
1534
3564
65 and over
Total
918.5
1 969.7
3 155.9
872.2
6 916.3
13.3
28.5
45.6
12.6
100.0
823.5
1 959.3
3 347.4
941.4
7 071.6
11.6
27.7
47.3
13.3
100.0
813.2
1 968.8
3 392.3
980.3
7 154.6
11.4
27.5
47.4
13.7
100.0
Population growthU(1)
Population growth
Natural increase (births less
deaths) (000)
Net movement (inflow less
outflow) (000)
Total (000)
Population growth rate (%)
2007
2011
2012
28.6
52.6
50.1
30.6
5.2
32.9
59.2
+0.9
47.4
+0.7
83.0
+1.2
Note : (1) Figures refer to growth between mid-year of preceding year and mid-year of
designated year.
Vital events
Number of births (000)
Crude birth rateU (per 1 000 population)
Number of deaths (000)
Crude death rateU (per 1 000 population)
Number of marriages (000)
Crude marriage rateU (per 1 000 population)
Median age at first marriage (years)
Male
Female
10
2007
2011
2012#
70.9
10.2
39.5
5.7
47.5
6.8
95.5
13.5
42.3
6.0
58.4
8.2
91.6
12.8
43.2
6.0
60.3
8.4
31
28
31
29
31
29
HouseholdsU**
Number of households (000)
2007
2011
2012#
2250
(+1.3)
2359
(+1.5)
2379
(+0.8)
Population density(1) by areaU

Persons per sq. km
Hong Kong Island
Kowloon
New Territories and Islands
Total
2007
2011
2012
16140
43280
3770
6400
15920
44920
3870
6540
16020
45730
3910
6620
Notes : Figures are as at the end of June of the year.

(1) Excluding marine population and area of reservoirs.
11
Labour
Labour force(1) and labour force participation rate by sexU**
Sex
Male
Female
Overall
2007
Number Rate
(000)
(%)
1954
1669
3622
(+1.4)
70.4
53.1
61.2
2011
Number Rate
(000)
(%)
1943
1760
3703
(+2.0)
68.4
53.0
60.1
2012#
Number Rate
(000)
(%)
1973
1820
3792
(+2.4)
68.8
53.7
60.6
Note : (1) Labour force refers to the land-based non-institutional population aged 15 and
over who satisfy the criteria for being classified as employed population or
unemployed population.
Labour force (1) by age groupU**

Age
group
Under 25
2544
4564
65 and over
Total
2007
Number
(%)
(000)
2011
Number
(%)
(000)
2012#
Number
(%)
(000)
385 10.6
1944 53.7
1250 34.5
43
1.2
3622 100.0
(+1.4)
317
8.6
1887 51.0
1444 39.0
55
1.5
3703 100.0
(+2.0)
320
8.4
1914 50.5
1494 39.4
64
1.7
3792 100.0
(+2.4)
Note : (1) Labour force refers to the land-based non-institutional population aged 15 and
over who satisfy the criteria for being classified as employed population or
unemployed population.
Unemployed persons and unemployment rateU**

Unemployed persons (000)
Unemployment rate (%)
2007
2011
2012#
145
4.0
127
3.4
125
3.3
Underemployed persons and underemployment rateU**

Underemployed persons (000)
Underemployment rate (%)
12
2007
2011
2012#
79
2.2
63
1.7
57
1.5
Employment distribution by industry sectionU

Percentages
Industry section
Manufacturing
Electricity and gas supply
Water supply; sewerage, waste
management and remediation services
Construction
Import and export trade
Wholesale
Retail
Transportation, storage, postal and
courier services
Accommodation(1) and food services
Information and communications
Financing and insurance
Real estate
Professional, scientific and technical
services
Administrative and support services
Public administration
Education
Human health and social work services
Arts, entertainment and recreation
Other social and personal services
Others
All industry sections
Total employment (000)
2007
2011
2012@
4.3
0.2
0.2
3.1
0.2
0.2
3.1
0.2
0.2
7.9
16.1
2.1
8.2
9.3
7.6
14.5
1.8
8.5
8.9
8.0
14.2
1.8
8.7
8.8
7.6
2.7
5.5
3.2
4.3
7.4
2.7
6.3
3.4
4.7
7.4
2.8
6.2
3.5
4.7
4.3
3.5
4.9
4.3
1.1
10.2
0.2
4.8
2.9
5.4
4.7
1.5
11.0
0.1
4.9
2.7
5.3
4.9
1.4
11.1
0.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
3 480.5
(+2.0)
3 579.5
(+2.9)
3 660.6
(+2.6)
Notes : Figures refer to the Composite Employment Estimates. Figures for 2007 and 2011
refer to the averages of the 4 quarters of the year, while figures for 2012 refer to
the averages of the first 3 quarters.
(1) Accommodation services sector covers hotels, guesthouses, boarding houses
and other establishments providing short term accommodation.
Civil servants(1)
Number of civil servants (000)
2007
2011
2012
153.8
(0.2)
157.7
(+0.8)
159.1
(+0.9)
Notes : Figures are as at the end of September of the year.

(1) Civil servants refer to persons who are employed on civil service terms of
appointment as at the survey reference date. Independent Commission
Against Corruption officers, judicial officers, locally engaged staff working in
the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Offices outside Hong Kong, and other
government employees like Non-Civil Service Contract staff are excluded.
13
Wages and earnings

Wage Index
Nominal
(1)
2007
2011
2012
153.5
(+2.5)
117.6
(+1.4)
177.2
(+9.9)
127.1
(+4.4)
185.6
(+4.8)
127.7
(+0.4)
124.7
(+3.5)
120.5
(+1.6)
138.0
(+5.9)
117.0
(+0.5)
143.9
(+4.3)
117.7
(+0.5)
154.1
(+4.9)
148.9
(+3.0)
178.1
(+7.5)
151.1
(+2.1)
188.5
(+5.8)
154.2
(+2.0)
95.5
(+4.6)
111.9
(+8.3)
108.7
(+1.6)
118.9
(+6.3)
112.2
(+3.2)
(Sep. 1992=100)
Real(2)
Salary index(3) (Jun. 1995=100)
Salary Index (A)
Nominal
Real(4)
Salary Index (B)
Nominal
Real(4)
Index of Payroll per Person Engaged(5)

(1st qtr. 1999=100)
Nominal
Real(6)
104.1
(+3.0)
Notes : (1) Wage Index covers supervisory, technical, clerical and miscellaneous
non-production workers; as well as craftsmen and operatives. Figures refer to
September of the year.
(2) Real Wage Index is derived by deflating the corresponding nominal index by
the 2009/10-based CPI(A).
(3) Salary index covers middle-level managerial and professional employees.
Salary Index (A) measures the overall changes in average salary rates of
middle-level managerial and professional employees; while Salary Index (B)
reflects only changes in salary rates of middle-level managerial and
professional employees who have been in the same occupation and in the
same company in two consecutive years. Figures refer to June of the year.
(4) Real salary index is derived by deflating the corresponding nominal index by
the 2009/10-based CPI(C).
(5) As a proxy to labour earnings. Figures refer to the third quarter of the year.
(6) Real Index of Payroll per Person Engaged is derived by deflating the
corresponding nominal index by the 2009/10-based Composite CPI.
Stoppages of work
2007
2011
2012
Number of work stoppages

3
Number of working days lost(1) (man-days) 8 027.3
2
590.0
1
375.0
Notes : Figures cover stoppages of work arising from disputes connected with terms and
conditions of employment.
(1) The exceptionally large number of working days lost in 2007 was mainly due
to the strike of bar benders in the pay rise negotiation.
14
External Trade
Hong Kong external trade comprises merchandise trade and trade in services of
Hong Kong with external parties.
Hong Kongs external merchandise trade statistics are compiled based on
information contained in import/export declarations. The Hong Kong Special
Administrative Region is a separate customs territory, as stated in The Basic
Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the Peoples Republic of
China. Import/export declaration is also required of Hong Kongs trade with the
mainland of China, and statistics relating to this are included in Hong Kongs
external merchandise trade statistics.
Hong Kongs trade in services with the mainland of China are treated as
external transactions and included in Hong Kongs trade in services statistics.
Aggregate merchandise trade

HK$ billion
Type of trade
2007
2011
2012
Imports (c.i.f.)
2,868.0
(+10.3)
109.1
(18.9)
2,578.4
(+10.8)
2,687.5
(+9.2)
5,555.5
(+9.8)
180.5
6.3
3,764.6
(+11.9)
65.7
(5.5)
3,271.6
(+10.5)
3,337.3
(+10.1)
7,101.8
(+11.0)
427.3
11.4
3,912.2
(+3.9)
58.8
(10.4)
3,375.5
(+3.2)
3,434.3
(+2.9)
7,346.5
(+3.4)
477.8
12.2
Domestic exports (f.o.b.)

Re-exports (f.o.b.)
Total exports (f.o.b.)
Total trade
Merchandise trade balance
As percentage of imports (%)
15
Merchandise trade by main country/territory

Type of trade/
Main country/territory
Imports
The mainland of China
Japan
Singapore
Taiwan
U.S.A.
Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation
European Union
Domestic exports
U.S.A.
Switzerland
Singapore
Taiwan
European Union
Re-exports
U.S.A.
Japan
Taiwan
Germany
European Union
16
2007
2011
HK$ billion
2012
2,868.0
(+10.3)
1,329.7
287.3
194.8
205.1
138.8
2,502.7
204.6
3,764.6
(+11.9)
1,696.8
318.6
254.6
240.9
211.4
3,172.5
303.9
3,912.2
(+3.9)
1,840.9
311.6
246.3
244.9
204.5
3,309.1
305.5
109.1
(18.9)
40.6
23.9
1.0
3.0
4.0
84.8
17.1
65.7
(5.5)
30.7
7.2
2.8
2.6
3.0
53.0
4.6
58.8
(10.4)
26.0
6.8
3.1
2.7
2.7
47.0
2.9
2,578.4
(+10.8)
1,267.7
344.3
116.7
48.9
78.1
2,064.7
346.7
3,271.6
(+10.5)
1,716.7
323.6
133.6
82.3
88.7
2,629.8
354.9
3,375.5
(+3.2)
1,831.7
331.7
142.8
78.1
77.4
2,761.9
329.9
Imports, retained imports and re-exports by end-use

category
HK$ billion
End-use category
2007
Foodstuffs
Imports
77.2
Retained imports(1)
59.8
Re-exports
19.1
Consumer goods
Imports
762.2
146.9
Retained imports(1)
Re-exports
815.2
Raw materials and semi-manufactures
Imports
1,098.7
Retained imports(1)
276.5
Re-exports
915.1
Fuels
Imports
88.1
Retained imports(1)
84.0
Re-exports
4.3
Capital goods
Imports
841.8
Retained imports(1)
164.4
Re-exports
824.7
Total
Imports
2,868.0
Retained imports(1)
731.6
Re-exports
2,578.4
2011
2012
145.2
109.3
39.2
150.7
114.5@
39.5
938.1
250.5
883.8
944.4
270.0@
866.7
1,297.7 1,284.4
327.6
318.8@
1,115.6 1,110.4
146.0
141.6
4.6
141.9
135.6@
6.7
1,237.6 1,390.8
197.0
245.4@
1,228.4 1,352.2
3,764.6 3,912.2
1,026.1 1,086.7@
3,271.6 3,375.5
Note : (1) Retained imports refer to those imported goods which are retained for use in
Hong Kong rather than being re-exported to other places. The value of
retained imports is derived by subtracting the estimated import value of
re-exports from the value of imports. The former is obtained by removing an
estimated re-export margin from the value of re-exports.
Domestic exports by principal commodity

HK$ billion
Principal commodity
Jewellery, goldsmiths and silversmiths
wares, and other articles of precious or
semi-precious materials
Plastics in primary and non-primary forms
Electrical machinery, apparatus and
appliances, and electrical parts thereof
Office machines and automatic data
processing machines
Tobacco, manufactured
2007
2011
2012
8.7
8.5
8.9
6.5
7.9
7.5
3.9
6.4
3.2
2.9
2.4
3.2
1.9
2.5
3.0
17
Merchandise trade index numbers

(Year 2010=100)
Type of index number/Type of trade
Value index
Imports
Domestic exports
Retained imports(1)
Re-exports
Total exports
Unit value index
Imports
Domestic exports
Retained imports(1)
Re-exports
Total exports
Quantum index
Imports
Domestic exports
Retained imports(1)
Re-exports
Total exports
Terms of trade index(2)
2007
2011
2012
85.2
(+10.3)
157.0
(18.9)
83.6
(+9.4)
87.1
(+10.8)
88.7
(+9.2)
111.9
(+11.9)
94.5
(5.5)
117.3
(+17.3)
110.5
(+10.5)
110.1
(+10.1)
116.3
(+3.9)
84.6
(10.4)
124.2@
(+5.9)@
114.0
(+3.2)
113.3
(+2.9)
90.1
(+2.3)
90.4
(+0.8)
91.2
(+2.4)
91.0
(+2.4)
91.0
(+2.3)
108.1
(+8.1)
106.4
(+6.4)
109.5
(+9.5)
108.0
(+8.0)
108.0
(+8.0)
111.6
(+3.3)
109.1
(+2.5)
112.8@
(+3.0)@
111.7
(+3.4)
111.6
(+3.4)
90.8
(+10.4)
169.5
(19.8)
88.1
(+11.7)
91.8
(+9.9)
93.6
(+8.3)
104.1
(+4.1)
88.1
(11.9)
107.8
(+7.8)
102.7
(+2.7)
102.4
(+2.4)
105.1
(+1.0)
76.6
(13.0)
111.6@
(+3.5)@
102.9
(+0.1)
102.3
(0.1)
101.0
(+0.1)
99.9
(0.1)
100.0
(+0.1)
Notes : The trade index numbers have been updated by using 2010 as the base year.
Figures are annual indices.
(1) Retained imports refer to those imported goods which are retained for use in
Hong Kong rather than being re-exported to other places. The value of
retained imports is derived by subtracting the estimated import value of
re-exports from the value of imports. The former is obtained by removing an
estimated re-export margin from the value of re-exports.
(2) Derived from the ratio of the unit value index for total exports to that for
imports.
18
Exports and imports of services by major service group

HK$ billion
Major service group
Exports of services
Transportation services
Travel services
Insurance services
Financial services
Merchanting and other
trade-related services
Other services
Total
Imports of services
Transportation services
Travel services
Insurance services
Financial services
Merchanting and other
trade-related services
Other services
Total
Net exports of services
2007
2011@
2012@
200.5
(+14.5)
107.3
(+18.7)
5.4
(+52.4)
97.0
(+34.8)
199.0
(+11.6)
54.8
(+16.6)
664.1
(+17.2)
250.1
(+7.8)
215.3
(+24.9)
6.6
(0.8)
113.4
(+11.1)
270.7
(+11.0)
80.4
(+11.0)
936.5
(+12.9)
248.9
(0.5)
245.7
(+14.1)
7.1
(+7.0)
117.6
(+3.7)
281.0
(+3.8)
85.4
(+6.2)
985.8
(+5.3)
114.1
(+19.3)
117.3
(+7.6)
7.5
(+15.5)
21.9
(+39.7)
24.3
(+15.9)
49.1
(+17.5)
334.2
(+15.4)
139.4
(+14.3)
149.2
(+9.7)
9.3
(+0.2)
30.2
(+9.8)
33.2
(+1.1)
78.4
(+9.4)
439.7
(+10.2)
137.0
(1.7)
159.3
(+6.7)
9.5
(+2.5)
29.6
(1.9)
34.2
(+3.0)
79.7
(+1.7)
449.4
(+2.2)
329.9
496.8
536.4
Notes : Trade in services statistics are compiled based on the recommendations made in
the System of National Accounts 2008 except the one on adopting the change of
ownership principle in recording goods sent abroad for processing and
merchanting.
As an interim arrangement, another set of trade in services statistics, compiled
based on the System of National Accounts 2008 including the aforesaid change
of ownership principle is published in the supplementary tables of the Gross
Domestic Product report for reference. For details about the concepts, definitions
and related compilation methods of the change of ownership principle, please
refer to the Special Report on Gross Domestic Product issued in September 2012.
19
National Income and Balance of Payments

Transactions and positions in assets and liabilities vis--vis the mainland of
China are treated as international transactions and external positions
respectively. Examples of international transactions are trade in goods, trade in
services and external primary income flows (formerly known as external factor
income flows). Examples of external positions are the stocks of inward and
outward direct investment.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

GDP (HK$ billion)
At current market prices
In chained (2010) dollars
Per capita GDPU (HK$)
20
2007
2011@
2012@
1,650.8
(+9.8)
1,670.2
(+6.5)
1,936.1
(+9.0)
1,863.0
(+4.9)
2,040.1
(+5.4)
1,889.8
(+1.4)
238,676
(+8.9)
241,482
(+5.6)
273,779
(+8.2)
263,442
(+4.1)
285,146
(+4.2)
264,142
(+0.3)
2007
2011@
2012@
Expenditure components at current

market prices (HK$ billion)
Private consumption expenditure
982.4
Government consumption expenditure
139.0
Gross domestic fixed capital formation
340.4
Changes in inventories
12.8
Exports of goods (f.o.b.)
2,698.9
Exports of services
664.1
Less : Imports of goods (f.o.b.)
2,852.5
Less : Imports of services
334.2
GDP
1,650.8
1,240.8
168.5
455.0
11.7
3,411.4
936.5
3,848.2
439.7
1,936.1
1,325.7
185.4
537.4
9.3
3,580.8
985.8
4,116.4
449.4
2,040.1
64.1
8.7
23.5
0.6
176.2
48.4
198.8
22.7
100.0
65.0
9.1
26.3
0.5
175.5
48.3
201.8
22.0
100.0
GDP by expenditure component
Ratio of expenditure components to

GDP at current market prices (%)
Changes in inventories
Exports of services
Less : Imports of goods (f.o.b.)
Less : Imports of services
GDP
59.5
8.4
20.6
0.8
163.5
40.2
172.8
20.2
100.0
Notes : Trade in goods and services statistics are compiled based on the recommendations
made in the System of National Accounts 2008 except the one on adopting the
change of ownership principle in recording goods sent abroad for processing and
merchanting.
As an interim arrangement, another set of trade in goods and services statistics,
compiled based on the System of National Accounts 2008 including the aforesaid
change of ownership principle is published in the supplementary tables of the
Gross Domestic Product report for reference. For details about the concepts,
definitions and related compilation methods of the change of ownership principle,
please refer to the Special Report on Gross Domestic Product issued in September
2012.
21
2007
2011@
2012@
In nominal terms
GDP
Exports of services
Imports of goods (f.o.b.)
Imports of services
+9.8
+13.1
+5.4
+1.0
+9.4
+17.2
+10.7
+15.4
+9.0
+12.9
+7.1
+17.6
+11.4
+12.9
+13.3
+10.2
+5.4
+6.8
+10.1
+18.1
+5.0
+5.3
+7.0
+2.2
In real terms
GDP
Exports of services
Imports of goods (f.o.b.)
Imports of services
+6.5
+8.6
+3.2
+3.2
+7.0
+14.3
+8.8
+12.1
+4.9
+9.0
+2.5
+10.2
+3.4
+4.9
+4.7
+3.5
+1.4
+4.0
+3.7
+9.1
+1.3
+1.2
+2.7
+0.7
GDP by expenditure component

Year-on-year rates of change of GDP and
expenditure components (%)
Notes : Trade in goods and services statistics are compiled based on the recommendations
made in the System of National Accounts 2008 except the one on adopting the
change of ownership principle in recording goods sent abroad for processing and
merchanting.
As an interim arrangement, another set of trade in goods and services statistics,
compiled based on the System of National Accounts 2008 including the aforesaid
change of ownership principle is published in the supplementary tables of the
Gross Domestic Product report for reference. For details about the concepts,
definitions and related compilation methods of the change of ownership principle,
please refer to the Special Report on Gross Domestic Product issued in September
2012.
22
GDP by economic activity
2007
2010
2011@
0.1
0.1
2.0
2.5
1.7
2.0
1.6
1.8
2.5
92.9
23.6
3.3
93.0
23.8
3.4
93.1
25.9
3.0
7.5
3.2
7.9
3.5
6.3
3.2
20.1
9.2
3.2
16.4
10.8
3.3
16.1
11.2
16.3
17.0
16.5
9.9
100.0
10.6
100.0
10.2
100.0
1,605.2
1,737.7
1,902.5
Percentage contribution of economic

activities to GDP at basic prices (%)
Agriculture, fishing, mining
and quarrying
Manufacturing
Electricity, gas and water supply,
and waste management
Construction
Services
Import/export, wholesale
and retail trades
Transportation, storage, postal
and courier services
Real estate, professional
and business services
Public administration, social
and personal services
Ownership of premises
Total
GDP at basic prices (HK$ billion)
Notes : (1) Accommodation services cover hotels, guesthouses, boarding houses and
other establishments providing short term accommodation.
Less than 0.05%.
23
GDP by economic activity
2007
2011@
2012@
0.8
1.2
+7.1
+0.7
+18.1
+5.2
1.5
+9.6
+1.8
+5.8
+9.1
+1.4
+10.7
+5.1
+8.3
+7.2
+1.5
+1.4
+6.3
+16.8
+6.6
+2.8
+6.9
+2.6
+2.3
+1.1
+3.8
+2.7
+1.5
+3.0
Year-on-year rates of change in

real terms of value added of major
economic activities (%)
Manufacturing
Construction
Services
of which:
Import/export, wholesale
and retail trades
Transportation, storage, postal
and courier services
Real estate, professional
and business services
Public administration, social
and personal services
Notes : Figures for 2007 and 2011 refer to the year-on-year rates of change for the
whole year, whereas those for 2012 refer to the percentage changes in the first 3
quarters over the same period a year earlier.
(1) Accommodation services cover hotels, guesthouses, boarding houses and
24
Gross National Income (GNI)

HK$ billion, unless otherwise specified
GDP
Net external primary income flows
External primary income inflow
External primary income outflow
RGNI(1)
Per capita RGNIU (HK$)
GDP
Net external primary income flows
External primary income inflow
External primary income outflow
GNI
Per capita GNIU (HK$)
2007
2010
2011@
1,670.2
54.3
939.8
885.4
1,775.2
(+8.2)
241,482
256,672
(+7.3)
1,776.8
37.6
929.7
892.1
1,814.4
(+3.7)
252,952
258,304
(+2.9)
1,863.0
50.9
1,014.0
963.1
1,901.9
(+4.8)
263,442
268,945
(+4.1)
1,650.8
52.8
903.2
850.4
1,703.6
(+10.7)
238,676
246,312
(+9.8)
1,776.8
37.6
929.7
892.1
1,814.4
(+6.2)
252,952
258,304
(+5.4)
1,936.1
52.8
1,059.4
1,006.5
1,988.9
(+9.6)
273,779
281,250
(+8.9)
Notes : Gross National Income (GNI) (formerly known as Gross National Product (GNP)) is
a measure of the total income earned by residents of an economy from engaging
in various economic activities, irrespective of whether the economic activities are
carried out within the economic territory of the economy or outside. GNI is
obtained by adding net external primary income flows (i.e. external primary
income inflow minus external primary income outflow) to GDP of the same year.
(1) Real Gross National Income (RGNI) is obtained by adding the terms of trade
adjustment and real net external primary income flows to real GDP.
25
Balance of Payments (BoP)(1)

HK$ billion
Current account balance(2)
Goods
Services
Primary income
Secondary income
Capital and financial account
balance(2)
Capital account
Financial non-reserve assets(3)
Direct investment
Portfolio investment
Financial derivatives
Other investment
Reserve assets(3)
Net errors and omissions(4)
Overall Balance of Payments
2007
2010
2011@
214.9
209.5
33.3
52.8
14.1
116.5
18.4
78.1
37.6
17.6
93.0
66.9
126.9
52.8
19.8
260.4
88.8
113.2
0.7
195.5
45.0
10.9
43.5
183.1
64.2
4.4
25.3
122.0
442.5
18.7
520.6
59.1
2.0
24.4
1.9
11.0
20.9
36.2
86.8
45.5
27.7
20.2
64.2
59.1
86.8
(in surplus) (in surplus) (in surplus)
Notes : (1) BoP is a statistical statement that systematically summarises, for a specific
time period (typically a year or a quarter), the ecomomic transactions of an
economy with the rest of the world (i.e. between residents and non-residents).
A complete BoP account comprises two broad accounts: (a) the current
account; and (b) the capital and financial account.
(2) In accordance with the accounting rules adopted in compiling BoP, a positive
value for the balance figure in the current account represents a surplus
whereas a negative value represents a deficit. In the captial and financial
account, a positive value indicates a net financial inflow while a negative
value indicates a net outflow. As increases in external assets are debit entries
and decreases are credit entries, a negative value for the reserve assets
represents a net increase while a positive value represents a net decrease.
(3) The estimates of reserve and non-reserve assets under the BoP framework are
transaction figures. Effects of valuation changes (including price changes and
exchange rate changes) and reclassifications are not taken into account.
(4) In principle, the net sum of credit entries and debit entries is zero. In practice,
discrepancies between the credit and debit entries may occur for various
reasons as the relevant data are collected from many sources. Equality
between the sum of credit entries and that of debit entries is brought about
by the inclusion of a balancing item which reflects net errors and omissions.
26
International Investment Position(1) by broad component

(position as at end of period)
HK$ billion
Broad component
2007
2010
2011
Assets
Direct investment
Other investment
Reserve assets
21,905.0 23,230.0 24,062.0

8,643.8 8,078.0 8,767.7
6,074.1 7,226.0 6,412.5
373.6
456.9
539.2
5,725.6 5,471.7 6,242.0
1,087.9 1,997.3 2,100.5
Liabilities
Direct investment
Other investment
18,067.6 18,058.9 18,539.1

9,570.9 9,038.8 9,198.3
3,726.0 3,218.5 2,792.8
253.8
389.8
477.4
4,516.9 5,411.8 6,070.6
Net International Investment Position(2)

Direct investment
Other investment
Reserve assets
3,837.4
927.1
2,348.1
119.8
1,208.7
1,087.9
5,171.1
960.8
4,007.5
67.1
59.9
1,997.3
5,522.9
430.6
3,619.7
61.9
171.4
2,100.5
Notes : (1) The International Investment Position is a balance sheet showing the stock of
Hong Kongs external financial assets and liabilities at a particular time point.
(2) Net International Investment Position is the difference between total external
financial assets and total external financial liabilities.
27
Prices
Year-on-year rates of change in the Consumer Price Indices

Percentages
2007
2011
2012
Composite Consumer Price Index(1)

Food
Housing
+2.0
+4.3
+2.0
+5.3
+7.0
+7.2
+4.1
+5.8
+5.6
Consumer Price Index (A)(1)

Food
Housing
+1.3
+4.5
0.6
+5.6
+7.4
+7.8
+3.6
+6.1
+4.5
Consumer Price Index (B)(1)

Food
Housing
+2.2
+3.9
+2.9
+5.2
+7.0
+7.1
+4.3
+6.0
+6.3
Consumer Price Index (C)(1)

Food
Housing
+2.7
+4.4
+3.8
+5.1
+6.2
+6.7
+4.1
+5.1
+6.1
Notes : The year-on-year rate of change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an indicator
of inflation affecting consumers.
Figures are derived based on the 2009/10-based CPI series. The year-on-year rates
of change before October 2010 were derived using the index series in the base
periods at that time (for instance the 2004/05-based index series), compared with
the index a year earlier in the same base period.
(1) The CPI(A), CPI(B) and CPI(C) respectively cover some 50%, 30% and 10% of
households in Hong Kong. The average monthly household expenditure (in
HK$) of these groups during the base period (i.e. Oct. 2009Sep. 2010) were
$4,500$18,499, $18,500$32,499 and $32,500$65,999 respectively.
Taking into account the impact of price changes since the base period, the
monthly household expenditure ranges of the CPI(A), CPI(B) and CPI(C)
adjusted to the price level of 2012 are broadly equivalent to $5,000$20,500,
$20,500$36,000 and $36,000$72,900 respectively, and that of the
Composite CPI is broadly equivalent to $5,000$72,900. The Composite CPI
is compiled based on the expenditure patterns of all these households taken
together.
Year-on-year rates of change in other price indices

Percentages
Implicit price deflator of GDP(1)
Domestic demand deflator(2)
2007
2011@
2012@
+3.1
+2.4
+3.9
+4.5
+3.9
+4.5
Notes : (1) The implicit price deflator of GDP is generally used as a broad measure of
overall inflation in the economy. It takes account of price changes in both the
domestic (final consumption and gross domestic capital formation) and
external (exports and imports) sectors.
(2) The domestic demand deflator measures the price changes relating to private
consumption expenditure, government consumption expenditure and gross
domestic capital formation.
28
Business Performance
Regional headquarters, regional offices and local offices in
Hong Kong representing parent companies located outside
Hong Kong
Number of regional headquarters
Number of regional offices
Number of local offices
2007
1246
2644
2550
2011
1340
2412
3196
2012
1367
2516
3367
Note : Figures refer to the first working day of June of the year.
Index of industrial production

(Year 2008=100)
Manufacturing sector
Textiles
Wearing apparel
Metal, computer, electronic and
optical products, machinery
and equipment
2007
2011
2012
107.2
(1.4)
112.5
(8.2)
95.7
(+0.7)
61.9
(13.2)
93.4
(1.5)
57.6
(6.4)
128.2
(15.6)
111.7
(11.6)
55.3
(10.3)
89.2
(9.4)
43.1
(20.0)
80.0
(12.1)
Note : Figures for 2007 and 2011 are annual indices, whereas those for 2012 are the
averages of the quarterly indices of the first 3 quarters.
Retail sales
Value of total retail sales (HK$ billion)
Value index(1)
(Oct. 2009Sep. 2010=100)
Volume index(1)
(Oct. 2009Sep. 2010=100)
2007
247.0
79.6
(+12.8)
86.4
(+10.1)
2011
405.7
130.7
(+24.9)
123.3
(+18.4)
2012#
445.4
143.5
(+9.8)
132.1
(+7.2)
2007
70.2
2011
89.3
2012#
93.7
84.8
(+13.4)
92.1
(+10.6)
107.9
(+6.4)
101.7
(+1.0)
113.3
(+5.0)
101.3
(0.4)
Note : (1) Figures are annual indices.
Restaurant receipts
Value of total restaurant
receipts (HK$ billion)
Value index(1)
(Oct. 2009Sep. 2010=100)
Volume index(1)
(Oct. 2009Sep. 2010=100)
29

(Quarterly average of 2008=100)
Service industry
Import/export trade
Wholesale
Retail
Transportation
Warehousing and storage
Courier
Accommodation services(1)
Food services
Banking
Financing (except banking)
Insurance
Real estate
Professional, scientific and technical
services
Administrative and support services
Service domain(2)
Tourism, convention and exhibition
services
Computer and information technology
services
2007
2011
2012
101.1
(+8.2)
98.0
(+9.0)
89.8
(+15.1)
101.3
(+11.2)
94.4
(+11.7)
96.6
(+4.0)
86.7
(+15.7)
89.2
(+15.3)
97.1
(+8.8)
119.5
(+47.7)
130.8
(+99.6)
101.5
(+42.1)
96.3
(+27.6)
94.2
(+9.6)
92.7
(+10.7)
117.3
(+3.4)
130.1
(+9.1)
147.4
(+27.4)
108.4
(+2.4)
123.1
(+10.3)
140.5
(+11.2)
115.6
(+22.4)
112.4
(+6.2)
110.8
(+7.8)
117.2
(+7.1)
86.9
(11.8)
123.1
(+10.3)
110.0
(15.4)
123.9
(+9.3)
111.8
(+8.6)
112.8
(3.8)
131.7
(+1.2)
155.9
(+5.8)
109.5
(+1.0)
152.7
(+24.1)
165.1
(+17.5)
137.5
(+18.9)
117.2
(+4.3)
116.7
(+5.4)
130.0
(+10.9)
90.2
(+3.8)
138.7
(+12.6)
142.1
(+29.1)
121.2
(2.1)
123.3
(+10.3)
89.7
(+18.7)
106.0
(+1.7)
168.1
(+18.8)
127.7
(+0.8)
184.2#
(+9.6)#
145.0
(+13.5)
Notes : Figures refer to the third quarter of the year.

(1) Accommodation services cover hotels, guesthouses, boarding houses and
(2) A service domain differs from a service industry in that it comprises those
economic activities which straddle different industries but are related to a
common theme.
30
Energy
Electricity consumption
Terajoules
Domestic
Commercial
Industrial
Street lighting
Exports to the mainland of China
Total
2007
2011
2012
36422
(+2.8)
97155
(+1.9)
13104
(6.5)
391
(+0.1)
14527
(10.9)
161598
(+0.1)
39872
(+1.3)
100067
(+0.2)
11104
(+0.2)
390
(1.9)
10645
(+13.3)
162077
(+1.2)
38875
(+3.0)
94619
(+2.1)
10381
(+1.6)
356
(+0.2)
6016
(33.7)
150246
(+0.1)
Notes : Figures for 2007 and 2011 refer to the whole year, whereas those for 2012 refer
to January to November.
1 terajoule = 1012 joules
Gas consumption
Terajoules
Domestic
Commercial
Industrial
Total
2007
2011
2012
14842
(1.6)
11305
(+2.3)
895
(0.9)
27041
()
15500
(+1.5)
11562
(+1.5)
1086
(+18.4)
28147
(+2.1)
15473
(0.2)
11555
(0.1)
1331
(+22.6)
28360
(+0.8)
Notes : 1 terajoule = 1012 joules

Change within 0.05%.
31
Housing and Property

Permanent living quarters by type
Type
Public rental housing
units(1)
Subsidised sale flats(1)(2)
Private permanent
quarters(2)(3)
Total
2007
2011
2012
Number
% Number
% Number
%
(000)
(000)
(000)
713 28.5
748 28.7
766 29.1
398
1 392
15.9
55.6
2 503 100.0
(+0.6)
391
1465
15.0
56.3
2603 100.0
(+0.5)
391
1 480
14.8
56.1
2 637 100.0
(+1.3)
Notes : Figures are as at the end of September of the year.

(1) Public rental housing units sold by the Housing Authority are classified as
subsidised sale flats.
(2) Subsidised sale flats include quarters sold by the Housing Authority and Hong
Kong Housing Society that cannot be traded in the open market. Those flats
that can be traded in the open market are classified as private permanent
quarters.
(3) Figures include all quarters used for residential purpose as well as those nonresidential quarters usually with people living therein. Quarters known to be
used for non-residential purpose and those in hotels and institutions are
excluded.
Property transactions
2007
Value of registered Agreements for Sale
and Purchase of property (HK$ billion)
Residential property
434.0
Non-residential property
91.6
Total
525.6
(+66.8)
Property price index(1) (Year 1999=100)
Private domestic units
103.5
(+11.7)
Private offices (Grades A, B and C)
165.5
(+18.8)
Property rental index(1) (Year 1999=100)
Private domestic units
101.8
(+11.1)
Private offices (Grades A, B and C)
131.9
(+12.4)
32
2011
2012
442.5
145.4
587.9
(14.7)
452.3
201.7
654.0
(+11.2)
182.1
(+20.7)
297.9
(+29.3)
206.0#
(+13.1)#
333.7#
(+12.0)#
134.0
(+11.9)
169.9
(+15.1)
142.6#
(+6.4)#
188.1#
(+10.7)#
Newly completed residential flats by type
Type
Public rental housing
units
Subsidised sale flats
Private flats
Total
2007
2011
2012
Number
% Number
% Number
%
(000)
(000)
(000)
4.8 27.8
17.8 65.3
9.8 49.1
2.0 11.6
10.5 60.6
17.3 100.0
(17.8)
0.0
0.0
9.4 34.7
27.2 100.0
(+30.3)
0.0
0.0
10.1 50.9
19.9 100.0
(26.8)
Newly completed private buildings by end-use

Usable floor area of 000m2
End-use
Total usable floor area
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Others
Total cost of construction (HK$ billion)
2007
2011
2012
1 030
(25.8)
451
(36.9)
333
(+56.2)
15
(47.3)
230
(46.7)
21.8
991
(13.0)
472
(22.9)
216
(+24.5)
129
(+265.8)
175
(45.2)
24.5
1 394
(+40.7)
558
(+18.2)
226
(+5.0)
197
(+52.4)
414
(+136.8)
51.3
Private buildings with consent to commence work by end-use

Usable floor area of 000m 2
End-use
Total usable floor area(1)
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Others
2007
2011
2012
991
(+34.4)
588
(+57.9)
185
(0.8)
91
(+746.2)
126
(24.5)
719
(17.5)
335
(+40.1)
91
(38.8)
109
(+218.6)
184
(59.1)
1 278
(+77.8)
630
(+88.5)
209
(+130.4)
46
(57.7)
392
(+112.8)
Note : (1) Figures refer to usable floor areas of building projects for which the plans are
submitted to the Building Authority for approval for the first time.
33
Government Accounts and Finance

Hong Kong dollar is the legal tender in the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region, as stated in The Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region of the Peoples Republic of China. Foreign currency refers to any
currency other than the Hong Kong currency. Accordingly, Chinese Renminbi is
also treated as foreign currency.
Since October 1983, the Hong Kong dollar has been linked to the US dollar at
the fixed rate of HK$7.80 to US$1.00.
Government revenue and expenditure

HK$ billion
Operating revenue (a)
Capital revenue (b)
Government revenue (a)+(b)
Operating expenditure (c)

Capital expenditure (d)
Government expenditure (c)+(d)
200607
201011
201112
234.4
53.6
288.0
(+16.6)
299.8
76.7
376.5
(+18.2)
339.4
98.3
437.7
(+16.3)
194.0
32.8
226.8
(2.7)
239.3
62.1
301.4
(+4.3)
296.4
67.6
364.0
(+20.8)
Note : The financial year runs from 1 April to 31 March.
Public expenditure(1) by policy area group

HK$ billion
Item
Community and external affairs
Economic
Education
Environment and food
Health
Housing
Infrastructure
Security
Social welfare
Support
Total
200607
201011
201112
8.2
13.6
51.9
10.0
32.1
14.7
29.5
25.1
33.5
26.3
244.9
(2.6)
15.1
17.4
60.7
15.2
39.9
16.9
49.0
32.6
40.5
33.3
320.6
(+4.4)
26.0
47.3
67.9
17.7
45.3
18.9
52.6
31.5
43.3
35.1
385.6
(+20.3)
Notes : The financial year runs from 1 April to 31 March.

(1) Public expenditure comprises government expenditure and expenditure by
other public bodies. It does not include expenditure by those organisations,
including statutory organisations, in which the Government has only an equity
position, such as the Airport Authority and the MTR Corporation Limited.
34
Fiscal reserves(1)
HK$ billion
Balance (as at 31 March)
200607
201011
201112
369.3
595.4
669.1
Note : (1) The aggregate balance of the General Revenue Account and the Funds as at
the end of the financial year. Funds include the Capital Works Reserve Fund,
the Capital Investment Fund, the Loan Fund, the Disaster Relief Fund, the Civil
Service Pension Reserve Fund, the Land Fund, the Innovation and Technology
Fund and the Lotteries Fund.
Foreign currency reserve assets(1)

2007
2011
Foreign currency reserve assets (US$ billion) 152.7

Per capitaU (US$)
22,007
In terms of months of retained
19.5
imports of goods (no. of months)
Ratio to currency in circulation
7.0
285.4
40,127
25.9
8.2
2012
317.3
44,468#
27.2#
8.1
Notes : Figures are as at end of the year.

(1) Foreign currency reserve assets are the stock of foreign assets held by the
Government as investments, and used, where necessary, in financial
transactions to support the exchange rate of the domestic currency. Assets
held in the Exchange Fund and the Land Fund are both included.
Money supply
HK$ billion
M1
Hong Kong dollar
Foreign currency
Total
M3
Hong Kong dollar(1)
Foreign currency(2)
Total
2007
2011
2012
454.3
162.4
616.7
(+25.4)
794.7
332.6
1,127.3
(+10.8)
920.9
456.4
1,377.4
(+22.2)
3,300.5
2,839.3
6,139.8
(+20.6)
4,055.4
4,025.7
8,081.1
(+12.9)
4,545.6
4,425.7
8,971.3
(+11.0)

Figures are subject to revision to take into account any subsequent amendments
submitted by authorized institutions.
(1) Adjusted to include foreign currency swap deposits.
(2) Adjusted to exclude foreign currency swap deposits.
35
Deposits, loans and advances of authorized institutions

Number of authorized institutions
in operation
Licensed banks
Restricted licence banks
Deposit-taking companies
Deposits from
customers(1) (HK$ billion)
Licensed banks
Loans and advances for use in
Hong Kong(1)(2) (HK$ billion)
Licensed banks
Total loans and advances to
customers(1) (HK$ billion)
Licensed banks
2007
2011
2012
197
(+1.5)
139
29
29
5,868.9
(+23.4)
5,838.6
24.8
5.4
2,274.3
(+15.2)
2,225.3
30.1
18.9
2,961.7
(+20.0)
2,876.4
58.5
26.7
194
(+1.0)
149
19
26
7,591.3
(+10.6)
7,567.7
17.2
6.4
3,361.7
(+12.5)
3,324.1
16.9
20.7
5,080.7
(+20.2)
5,020.5
34.4
25.8
198
(+2.1)
153
21
24
8,297.4
(+9.3)
8,277.0
13.3
7.0
3,598.1
(+7.0)
3,554.9
21.4
21.8
5,569.3
(+9.6)
5,506.4
35.5
27.5

(1) Figures are subject to revision to take into account any subsequent
amendments submitted by authorized institutions.
(2) Excluding loans for trade financing.
Hong Kong dollar interest rates

% per annum
Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate(1)
Overnight
3 months
Best lending rate(2)
Savings deposits rate(3)
2007
2011
2012
1.88
3.31
7.59
2.10
0.13
0.33
5.00
0.01
0.06
0.50
5.00
0.01
Notes : (1) Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate (HIBOR) is the rate of interest offered on Hong
Kong dollar loans by banks in the interbank market for a specified period
ranging from overnight to one year. Figures are the middle closing rates
quoted by the Standard Chartered Bank in the interbank money market as at
the end of the year.
(2) Rate quoted by the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited.
Figures are the average rates in the year.
(3) Figures are the average rates compiled by the Hong Kong Monetary
Authority.
36
Exchange rates
Hong Kong dollar per unit
of foreign currency
Chinese Renminbi
US dollar
Euro
Japanese Yen
2007
2011
2012
1.0300
7.801
10.70
0.0664
1.2069
7.784
10.84
0.0978
1.2304
7.756
9.97
0.0973
Note : Figures are the averages of the daily closing middle-market rates for the respective
years.
Effective Exchange Rate Index

(January 2010=100)
Effective Exchange Rate Index for the
Hong Kong dollar (Trade (import
and export)-weighted)(1)
2007
2011
2012
106.3
94.6
94.9
Note : (1) The weights used are based on the average trade pattern of 2009to 2010.
Value of stock exchange turnover, market capitalisation

and index of share prices
Main Board
Turnover (HK$ billion)
Market capitalisation(1) (HK$ billion)
Hang Seng Index (31.7.1964=100)
High
Low
Closing
Hang Seng Composite Index
(3.1.2000=2000)
High
Low
Closing
Hang Seng China Enterprises Index
(3.1.2000=2000)
High
Low
Closing
2007
2011
2012
21,506.3
20,536.5
17,091.1
17,452.7
13,267.5
21,871.7
31 638.2
18 664.9
27 812.7
24 419.6
16 250.3
18 434.4
22 666.6
18 185.6
22 656.9
4 532.5
2 560.0
3 935.4
3 425.0
2 191.7
2 546.6
3 113.1
2 502.6
3 113.1
20 400.1
8 528.5
16 124.7
13 684.1
8 102.6
9 936.5
11 826.8
9 020.3
11 436.2
Notes : All high and low indices are compiled based on the daily closing indices of the
year.
(1) Figures are as at end of the year.
37
Science and Technology
Penetration of information technology in the household

sector
Percentages
2007
2010
2012
Households with personal computers

at home(1)
74.2
77.9
80.3
Households with personal computers

at home connected to Internet(1)
70.1
76.4
78.6
Notes : Figures for 2007 refer to July to September, figures for 2010 refer to October to
December and figures for 2012 refer to February to April.
(1) As a percentage of all households in Hong Kong.
Usage of information technology among household

members
Percentages
(2)
2007
2009
2012
Persons aged 10 and over who had

used personal computers during the
12 months before enumeration(1)
66.4
70.2
73.4
Persons aged 10 and over who had

used Internet services during the
12 months before enumeration(1)
64.8
69.4
72.8
Notes : Figures for 2007 refer to July to September, figures for 2009 refer to June to
August and figures for 2012 refer to February to April.
(1) As a percentage of all persons aged 10 and over in Hong Kong.
(2) Figures for 2010 are not available.
38
Transport, Communications and Tourism

Data on the following categories of statistics include the corresponding flows/
transactions between Hong Kong and the mainland of China :
(i) Inward and outward movements of aircraft, vessels and cargoes;
(ii) Postal services;
(iii) Hong Kong resident departures; and
(iv) Visitor arrivals.
Inward and outward movements of aircraft and ocean

vessels
Aircraft (000)
Ocean vessels (million net registered tonnage)
2007
2011
2012#
295
743
334
852
352
827
Inward and outward movements of cargo

000 tonnes
2007
2011
2012
Discharged
By air
By water(1)
By ocean
By river
By road
By rail(2)(3)
Total
1 352
141 324
109 435
31 889
20 372
121
163 170
1 442
1 463#
157 841 155 900#
120 185 118 600#
37 656
37 300#
15 906* 15 443
175 190 172 806#
Loaded
By air
By water(1)
By ocean
By river
By road
By rail(2)(3)
Total
2 390
104 109
67 912
36 197
15 767
20
122 286
2 496
2 562#
119 603 116 300#
74 742
72 500#
44 862
43 800#
10 811* 10 783
132 910 129 646#
Notes : (1) Ocean refers to transport by vessels operating beyond the river trade limits,
while river refers to transport by vessels operating exclusively within the river
trade limits.
(2) Figures exclude livestock.
(3) The MTR Corporation Limited had terminated the railway cross-boundary
cargo transportation services from 16 June 2010 onwards.
Port container throughput

000 TEUs
Inward
Outward
Total
2007
12 041
11 958
23 998
2011
12 294
12 090
24 384
2012#
11 685
11 441
23 126
Note : TEU refers to a 20-foot equivalent unit.
39
Public transport passenger journeys

000
Average daily passenger journeys
2007
2011
2012#
11 523
11 914
12 092
2007
2011
2012
372
37
18
13
6
111
1
6
435
39
18
13
7
111
1
6
455
40
18
13
7
113
1
6
565
630
653
2007
2011
2012
2 009
2 086
2 090
Note : Figures are averages of the whole year.
Motor vehicles licensed by type

000
Type
Private cars
Motor cycles (including motor tricycles)
Taxis
Buses, public and private
Light buses, public and private
Goods vehicles
Special purpose vehicles
Government vehicles (excluding military
vehicles)
Total
Note : Figures are as at end of the year.
Public roads
Kilometres
Length of public roads
Postal services
Letter mail (million articles)
Parcels (000)
40
2007
2011
2012
1 404
1 046
1 297
1 392
1 355
1 468
Access to information and communication technology
Number of telephone lines(1) (000)

Business
Residential
Total
Number of fixed telephone lines
per 1000 populationU
Number of facsimile lines (000)
Number of public mobile subscribers(2)
(000)
Public mobile subscribers
per 1000 populationU(2)
Number of 2.5G/3G/4G public mobile
subscribers(3) (000)
Average volume of mobile data usage
per 2.5G/3G/4G subscriber per
month(4) (megabytes)
Number of licensed Internet service
providers (ISPs)(5)
Number of customers of licensed ISPs(6)
Registered customer accounts with
dial-up access(7) (000)
Registered broadband Internet access
customer accounts (000)
Fixed Internet subscribers
Fixed broadband Internet subscribers
Mobile broadband subscriptions
International Internet bandwidth
per personU(8)
(kilobits per second (kbps))
2007
2011
2012
1807
2282
4089
589
1840
2412
4252
598
1843
2417
4260
597
352
10589
[5698]
1526
[821]
2947
233
14931
[7166]
2099
[1008]
8127
215
16385
[7592]
2296
[1064]
9971
11
509
716
191
185
185
634
789
824
1853
2245
2266
359
427
433
267
316
317
289
1043
1304
266.0
913.1
1105.0
Notes : Unless otherwise specified, figures for 2007 and 2011 are as at end of the year,
whereas those for 2012 are as at the end of November.
(1) Figures include direct dialing in lines, facsimile lines, datel lines and Internet
Protocol (IP) telephony/voice-over-IP (VoIP) services.
(2) Including pre-paid SIM cards. Figures excluding pre-paid SIM cards are
presented in square brackets.
(3) Figures include subscribers of pre-paid SIM cards.
(4) Figures for 2007 and 2011 refer to December of the respective years, whereas
figure for 2012 refers to November.
(5) Including all licensees authorised to provide Internet access services.
(6) Estimated figures are based on the return from the ISPs and do not include
users who are not customers of the licensed ISPs.
(7) Excluding Internet pre-paid calling cards.
(8) Figures for 2007 and 2011 refer to December of the respective years, whereas
figure for 2012 refers to September.
41
Arrivals and departures of passengers by mode of

transport
000
2007
2011
2012
Arrivals
By air
By sea(1)
By land
Total
15 385
12 580
80 987
108 951
18 160
12 797
95 778
126 734
19 346
12 647
101 955
133 948
Departures
By air
By sea(1)
By land
Total
14 750
13 893
80 166
108 809
17 334
14 495
94 840
126 670
18 426
14 732
100 620
133 778
Mode of transport
Note : (1) Including passengers to/from Macao by helicopters.
Hong Kong resident departures by control point

000
Control point
Airport
Harbour Control(1)
Macau Ferry Terminal
China Ferry Terminal(1)
Tuen Mun Ferry Terminal(2)
River Trade Terminal
Hung Hom Control Point
Lo Wu Control Point
Lok Ma Chau Spur Line Control Point(3)
Lok Ma Chau Control Point
Man Kam To Control Point(4)
Sha Tau Kok Control Point
Shenzhen Bay Control Point(5)
Total
2007
2011
2012
6 141
253
5 083
3 458
77
910
39 646
2 186
19 035
987
1 244
1 664
80 682
(+6.4)
7 130
137
5 765
2 311
144
876
36 258
13 092
10 773
86
1 155
7 089
84 816
(+0.4)
7 809
133
5 510
2 204
116
916
35 394
14 687
9 855
109
1 124
7 421
85 276
(+0.5)
Notes : Figures exclude drivers.

(1) Including passengers by cruises to high seas.
(2) Ferry services at Tuen Mun Ferry Terminal were suspended from 16 December
2010 to 14 April 2011. Tuen Mun Ferry Terminal then provided ferry services
between Tuen Mun and Macao during 15 April 2011 to 30 June 2012. From
1 July 2012, ferry services at the Terminal have been suspended until further
notice.
(3) Started operation as from 15 August 2007.
(4) From 22 February 2010, clearance services for passengers at Man Kam To
Control Point, except the clearance services for goods vehicles and crossboundary students, are suspended. From 27 March 2010, clearance services
are also provided to passengers using limited cross-boundary bus services.
(5) Started operation as from 1 July 2007.
Less than 500 departures.
42
Visitor arrivals by country/territory of residence

000
Country/territory of residence
America
Europe, Africa & the Middle East
Australia, New Zealand & South Pacific
North Asia
South & Southeast Asia
Taiwan
Macao/not identified
Total
2007
2011
2012
1 784
2 189
757
2 201
2 888
2 239
15 486
626
28 169
(+11.6)
1 821
2 194
758
2 305
3 751
2 149
28 100
843
41 921
(+16.4)
1 778
2 228
741
2 333
3 652
2 089
34 911
883
48 615
(+16.0)
2007
2011
2012
140
51 581
86
190
62 830
89
211
67 394
89
511
5 068
73
646
6 211
86
718
6 818
85
Hotel accommodation
All hotels
Number of hotels(1)
Number of rooms(1)
Room occupancy rate(2) (%)
Tourist guesthouses
Number of tourist guesthouses(1)
Number of rooms(1)
Room occupancy rate(2) (%)
Notes : (1) Figures cover all hotels and tourist guesthouses with licences for operation
issued by the Office of the Licensing Authority of the Home Affairs
Department. Figures are as at end of the year.
(2) Figures refer to the whole year.
43
Education
Student enrolment(1) by level of education

000
Level of education
Kindergarten(2)
Primary(3)
Secondary(3)(4)
Post-secondary(5)(6)
2007/08
138.4
389.9
513.8
276.6
2011/12 2012/13#
159.0
326.2
486.9
296.7
166.4
320.7
439.1
332.5
Notes : Figures refer to the beginning of the respective school/academic years. The
beginning and ending months of a school/academic year may vary among
different educational and training institutions.
(1) Figures include both full-time and part-time students attending long
programmes lasting for at least one school/academic year. Figures do not
include students attending adult education/tutorial/vocational courses.
(2) Figures include pupils attending kindergarten classes (i.e. nursery, lower and
upper classes) in kindergarten-cum-child care centres. Figures from 2008/09
onwards also include special child care centres registered under the Social
Welfare Department.
(3) Figures include students in special schools.
(4) Apart from day schools and special schools, figures also include students
attending evening schools, craft level courses and programmes of the Project
Yi Jin/Yi Jin Diploma.
(5) Figures include students attending universities and colleges offering postsecondary courses including certificate/diploma, associate degree or
equivalent and bachelor degree or above; and also non-local registered or
exempted courses leading to non-local higher academic qualifications and
jointly operated with non-local institutions.
(6) Starting from 2007/08, figures also include all students attending selffinancing programmes offered by the University Grants Committee-funded
institutions and their extension arms.
Distribution of educational attainment of population

aged 15 and overU**
Percentages
Educational attainment
2007
2011
2012#
Primary and below

Secondary(1)
Post-secondary
Non-degree course
Degree course
Total
23.7
51.9
21.2
52.0
20.8
51.7
8.1
16.3
100.0
7.4
19.4
100.0
7.6
19.9
100.0
Note : (1) Persons with educational attainment at secondary level refer to those with
Secondary 1 to Secondary 7 education or equivalent level.
44
Health
Expectation of life at birth by sexU
Years
Sex
2007
2011
2012#
Male
Female
79.4
85.4
80.3
86.7
80.6
86.3
Registered deaths and death rate by leading cause of

death
Cause
Malignant neoplasms
Diseases of heart
Pneumonia
Cerebrovascular diseases
Chronic lower
respiratory diseases
2011
Number
Rate(1)
13 241
6 334
6 211
3 339
1 965
187.2
89.6
87.8
47.2
27.8
2012#
Number
Rate(1)
13 190
6 254
6 866
3 251
1 980
184.4
87.4
96.0
45.4
27.7
Notes : Ranking of causes of death is in accordance with the number of registered

deaths in the year of 2011.
(1) Death rate per 100 000 population.

(per 1000 registered live births)
2007
2011
2012#
1.7
1.4
1.5
45
Hospital beds and selected types of registered healthcare

professionals
Hospital beds
Cap. 165 Ordinance definition(1)
OECD definition(2)
Doctors(3)
Chinese medicine practitioners
Registered Chinese medicine
practitioners(4)
Chinese medicine practitioners
with limited registration(5)
Listed Chinese medicine
practitioners(6)
Dentists(3)
Nurses(7)
Pharmacists
2007
2011
2012
34 928
[5.0]
29 057
[4.2]
11 961
[1.7]
36 121
[5.1]
28 443
[4.0]
12 818
[1.8]
36 579
[5.1]
28 471
[4.0]
13 006
[1.8]
5 540
[0.8]
79
[]
2 847
[0.4]
2 025
[0.3]
36 965
[5.3]
1 722
[0.2]
6 414
[0.9]
70
[]
2 746
[0.4]
2 215
[0.3]
41 310
[5.8]
2 050
[0.3]
6 565
[0.9]
74
[]
2 733
[0.4]
2 258
[0.3]
43 698
[6.1]
2 127
[0.3]

Figures in square brackets refer to the rates per 1 000 population U. Rates for
2012 are provisional figures.
(1) Figures include all hospital beds in Hospital Authority hospitals, private
hospitals, nursing homes and correctional institutions, which follow the
coverage of the Hospitals, Nursing Homes and Maternity Homes Registration
Ordinance (Cap. 165) of Hong Kong.
(2) Figures include only hospital beds in Hospital Authority hospitals and private
hospitals excluding accident and emergency observation beds, day beds and
nursery beds, which follow the definition of the Organisation for Economic
Co-operation and Development (OECD) Health Data.
(3) Figures refer to the doctors/dentists with full registration on the local and
overseas lists.
(4) After full implementation of the Chinese Medicine Ordinance, Cap. 549, Laws
of Hong Kong, all Chinese medicine practitioners (CMPs) should be registered
before they can practise Chinese medicine in Hong Kong. Any person who
wishes to be a registered CMP should have satisfactorily completed an
approved undergraduate degree course of training in Chinese medicine
practice, taken and passed the Licensing Examination.
(5) CMPs with limited registration are allowed to perform clinical teaching and
research in Chinese medicine in the specified educational and scientific
research institutions. The registration period of CMPs with limited registration
should not exceed one year and they cannot engage in private practice with
patients.
(6) Listed CMPs can practise lawfully in Hong Kong under the transitional
arrangements for registration of CMPs until a date to be announced by the
Secretary for Food and Health in the Gazette. Listed CMPs may become
registered CMPs through direct registration, registration assessment or
licensing examination during the transitional arrangements.
(7) Figures refer to registered nurses and enrolled nurses.
Less than 0.05.
46
Social Welfare
Social security
Comprehensive Social Security
Assistance Scheme
Number of cases(1) (000)
Amount of payment(2) (HK$ million)
Social Security Allowance Scheme
Disability Allowance
Old Age Allowance
Traffic Accident Victims Assistance
Scheme
Number of cases authorised for
payment
Notes : (1) Figures are as at end of the year.
2007
2011
2012
288
17,638
277
18,493
269
19,548
121
1,718
140
2,613
147
2,850
471
3,799
518
6,449
539
6,894
7 818
7 054
7 579
155
187
170
(2) Figures refer to financial years of 200607, 201011 and 201112.
Law and Order

Reported crimes by type of offence
Cases reported
2007
2011
2012
Violent crime
14 934
Non-violent crime
65 862
Total
80 796
Overall crime rateU (per 100 000 population) 1 168
Violent crime rateU (per 100 000 population)
216
13 100
62 836
75 936
1 074
185
12 821
63 109
75 930
1 064
180
Type of offence
Persons arrested for crime by type of offence

Persons arrested
Type of offence
Violent crime
Non-violent crime
Total
Rate of persons arrested for crimeU
(per 100 000 population)
2007
2011
2012
10 703
32 237
42 940
670
8 962
29 365
38 327
583
9 039
29 576
38 615
582
47
Further Information
Figures presented in this booklet refer to those released up to end-February 2013.
Readers who would like to obtain current statistical information on Hong Kong
may visit the Hong Kong Statistics section of the Census and Statistics
Department (C&SD) Website (www.censtatd.gov.hk/hkstat/sub/bbs.jsp). The
section is regularly updated and it also provides hyperlinks to relevant
government websites for facilitating retrieval of other official statistics of Hong
Kong.
For more detailed information, please refer to the following publications :
1.
Hong Kong Monthly Digest of Statistics

Provides up-to-date statistical information about various aspects of
economic and social situation of Hong Kong.
2.
Hong Kong Annual Digest of Statistics

Provides detailed annual statistical series about various aspects of
economic and social development of Hong Kong.
The above publications and other publications compiled by the Department can
be obtained from the following channels :
Website
Users may download statistical publications free of charge from the C&SD
Website (www.censtatd.gov.hk/hkstat/srh/index.jsp).
Publications Unit of C&SD
Some publications of C&SD are available in print versions. These print versions
and CD-ROM products are available for purchase and collection on the spot at
the Publications Unit of C&SD. The Unit also provides a reading area where
users may browse through the latest issue of various publications of the
Department on display. Publicity/educational leaflets and pamphlets of the
Department are also available for collection.
The address of the Publications Unit is :
19/F, Wanchai Tower, 12 Harbour Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong.
(Tel. : (852)25823025; Fax : (852)28271708)
Mail order service
Some publications of C&SD are available in print versions and are offered for sale
online at the Government Bookstore of the Information Services Department
(www.bookstore.gov.hk). A mail order form for ordering print versions of
publications is also available for downloading on the website of the Department
(www.censtatd.gov.hk/service_desk/list/mail/index.jsp). Completed form
should be sent back together with a cheque or bank draft covering all necessary
cost.
48
Hong Kong
in Figures
2013 Edition
Government of the Hong Kong

Special Administrative Region
Cover designed by the Information Services Department
Printed by the Government Logistics Department
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government
(Printed with environmentally friendly ink on recycled paper)

L06 Hong Kong in Figures 2013

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

L06 Hong Kong in Figures 2013

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Hong Kong

Government of the Hong Kong

Hong Kong in Figures

Census and Statistics Department

Enquiries about this booklet can be directed to :

Quantum index of total

Per capita GDP at current

Please see the special note on page 7

Geography and Climate

National Income and Balance of Payments

Housing and Property

Permanent living quarters by type

Government Accounts and Finance

Science and Technology

Transport, Communications and Tourism

Law and Order

Reported crimes by type of offence

Figures in brackets refer to percentage changes over the same period in

There may be a slight discrepancy between the sum of individual items

A Population Census was conducted in June to August 2011 in Hong Kong.

N.A. Not yet available

Figures are subject to revision later on

The statistics are compiled based on data collected in the General

Geography and Climate

Hong Kong in the Asia Pacific Region

Land area of Hong Kong

Hong Kong Island

Note : Figures are as at end of the year.

Map of Hong Kong

Mid-year population by age groupU

Population density(1) by areaU

Notes : Figures are as at the end of June of the year.

Labour force (1) by age groupU**

Unemployed persons and unemployment rateU**

Underemployed persons and underemployment rateU**

Employment distribution by industry sectionU

Notes : Figures are as at the end of September of the year.

Wages and earnings

Index of Payroll per Person Engaged(5)

Number of work stoppages

Aggregate merchandise trade

Domestic exports (f.o.b.)

Merchandise trade by main country/territory

Imports, retained imports and re-exports by end-use

Domestic exports by principal commodity

Merchandise trade index numbers

Exports and imports of services by major service group

Net exports of services

National Income and Balance of Payments

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Expenditure components at current

GDP by expenditure component

Ratio of expenditure components to

GDP by expenditure component

GDP by economic activity

Percentage contribution of economic

GDP by economic activity

Year-on-year rates of change in

Gross National Income (GNI)

Balance of Payments (BoP)(1)

International Investment Position(1) by broad component

21,905.0 23,230.0 24,062.0

18,067.6 18,058.9 18,539.1

Net International Investment Position(2)