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Abstract: This paper deals with design, simulation, manufacturing and experimental testing of
microstrip bend pass (BP) filter for I Q (In-phase Quadrature) demodulator that is a part of Ultra
Wide-Band (UWB) sensor system. Paper refers to the needs that should be focused on the design and
manufacturing of microstrip filters based on LTCC (Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic) with
emphasis on issues of quality of transmitted signals in the high frequency (HF) area in the terms of
actual production. There are presented simulated and measured results of insertion loss (S21) and
return loss (S11) of microstrip BP filter for I Q demodulator made from material system Green Tape
951 XP. This paper demonstrates the design and full-wave electromagnetic simulation of microstrip
BP filter using the HyperLynx 3D EM Designer (from Mentor Graphics). It assesses the suitability of
LTCC material system Green Tape 951 XP as well as conductor paste DuPont 6145 for the production
of microstrip BP filters for HF area. The presented filters should be used as a BP filter mean for I Q
demodulator presented in [1] which is a part of laboratory UWB sensor system.
1. INTRODUCTION
The UWB system refers to a technology which
uses the signals that occupy an ultra large bandwidth
of frequency
spectrum [2]. The Federal
Communications Commission (FCC) defines a UWB
device as any device where the fractional bandwidth is
greater than 0.2 or which occupies the absolute
bandwidth greater than 0.5 GHz. The rapidly growing
field of UWB applications in various areas pushes the
requests for the new enhanced UWB radar systems.
One of the very promising solutions for the UWB
device realization is based on so called M-sequence
approach, where the operation is based on a special
type of the M-Sequence presented in [3]. This UWB
sensor system is simply expandable with I Q
demodulator on side of receiver [4]. I Q
demodulation is very useful if we need to obtain both
the magnitude and phase of the received signal. The
remarkable approach with an I Q demodulator is an
easy and quick collection of all needed information by
just measuring two voltages. Therefore, I Q
demodulator is an important building block in RF
(Radio Frequency) receiver with digital modulated
baseband signals [1].
978-1-4799-0036-7/13/$31.00 2013 IEEE
237
2. FILTER DESIGN
2.1. Substrate
In the HF (High Frequency) area, the dielectric
properties of substrate have a major impact on the
quality, stability and dimensions of the filter. Each
substrate at the market has various dielectric
parameters. This is the reason why not every substrate
is proper for UWB area and choosing the appropriate
substrates should pay close attention. Significant
parameter in HF area is the value of loss tangent and
dielectric constant and their stability in HF
environment.
The progressive trends in the development of new
materials for HF areas initiated the usage of LTCC
ceramic for production accurate filters, thanks to its
excellent stability and mechanical and dielectric
capabilities. As substrate we chose LTCC material
system Green Tape 951 PX that comprises a complete
cofireable family of Au and Ag metallization, buried
passives and encapsulants. Green Tape 951 is
available in multiple thicknesses and is designed for
use as an insulating layer in multichip modules, single
chip packages, ceramic printed wiring boards and RF
modules [6]. For correct design and simulation is
necessary to know the physical and dielectric
parameters of the substrate (Table 1).
Table 1. Specification of material system
Green Tape 951 PX [6].
Property
Units
Typical Value
Unfired Thickness
254 3
X, Y Shrinkage
12.7 0.3
Z Shrinkage
15 0.5
Surface Roughness
ppm/ C
5.8
g/cm3
3.1
Camber
(m/25 mm)
25
(W/m.K)
3.3
(MPa)
320
Thermal Conductivity
Flexural Strength
Dielectric Constant (3 GHz)
7.8
0.006
0.014
6145
Viscosity (Pa.S)
120 - 200
125 / 125
18 - 25
<3
2.3. Simulation
< 0.34
Density
2.2. Metallization
238
BP filter 1
BP filter 2
BP filter 3
Number of
samples
32
16
16
13
16
20
Axis
Dimension before
13.55 22 0.25 13.7 22.2 0.25 14.2 23 0.25
firing [mm]
Dimension after
firing (average)
[mm]
Difference [mm]
Shrinkage
(average) [%]
15.13 14.1 13
15 13.9 13
15 13.8 13
3. RESULTS
239
1
30
125
99.8
25.2
20.16
2
30
130
103
27
20.76
240
REFERENCES
4. CONCLUSION
The microstrip hairpin BP filters made from LTCC
material system, Green Tape 951 PX, in combination
with conductor paste DuPont 6145 were designed,
simulated, constructed and tested. Comparison between
simulated and measured results of insertion loss and
return loss was made and the differences in result of
comparison were caused by shrinkage of material. We
have demonstrated that shrinkage of material system
Green Tape 951 in axis x, y and z is different as
DuPont specified in their technical data sheet. We point
out that conductor paste DuPont 6145 has in
combination with material system Green Tape 951
shrinkage around 20 %. We achieved the best results
with Microstrip BP filter 3 (scaling factor 20 %) which
confirm 20 % shrinkage factor. Transmission
characteristic of Microstrip BP filter 3 is acceptable for
use in I Q demodulator that should be a part of our
UWB sensor system. We find out that using of material
system Green Tape 951 is a bit problematic for HF
application from the technological point of view.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This paper was developed with support of the
project "Centrum excelentnosti integrovanho
vskumu a vyuitia progresvnych materilov a
technolgi v oblasti automobilovej elektroniky",
ITMS 26220120055, that is co-financed from
Structural Funds EU ERDF within Operational
978-1-4799-0036-7/13/$31.00 2013 IEEE
241