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Synergies HumonDevelopment
Po[ulaton, and
forSustoinoble
T);i*#:],;,li-,fli,l,fi,o,.
",.",
have exacerbared
effectsofpeoplet actions on the environment
andviceversa.
demographicoutcomes.Concernssucha.s
individual weli-being, the status ofwomen, the
health ofchildren and the state ofthe
environmenthave been considered secondary
in life remain
inaccessible. This is especially true for women
who have fewer choices and opportunities thal
m�n because ofexisting discriminatory social
and cultura.l practices.
Ahuman-centeredsustainable development
recognizes that no dght is more important than
other rights (the right to a healthy environment
is as important as the right to access the 6uits of
dwelopment) and that poverty ard gender
inequiry are caured by mary Facrors.l hese
development.
policJes.
which mrxt be ftIfilled to equitably meet the
needs ofpresent arrd future generations. It also
recognizedthe following: the Ley role of
su<rainable
among populacion,
"rre"ed
:"
Declarationencapsulated
amongothe$.
prosperityandindependence
che rradicionaJ'people-versus-environment
point ofview to drat of intenelatedness.
Peoplet actions can positively or negativ�ly alt�r
their environment. Reciprocally, changes in the
environmentcen either damage or nourish
peoplet well-being. Built upon the spirit ofthe
internarionaJ in rhe par de.ade.
agreemenrs
dwelopment workers and managers are realizing
some achievements in their practiceof
integrated approaches to population, health and
environment,
demographicoutcomes,whichinfluencethe
will be
consumed,producedand allocated and these
directly affect the environment quantitatrvely
arrd qualitativelya Mearwhile, without
distributionalequity of resources,
poverry arrd
genderinequitiescan occur.
ProPerchild-sPacingalso makes
women healthier arrd incteases the possibility of
bearinghealr\ier, hildren d,re ro de.rea.ed r;me
spent lorhousehold chores inciuding finding
wood for fuel and fi:tching water.
Receptor
Link
Environmental
conditions
Humans
Driver Link
Source:PopulationReferenceBureau adapted
lrom C.E. Orians a.ndM. Skumanich.
Environment encomp3ises
theinterdependence
and nonJiving components in an �nvimnment
recol.rem' arld .he exrenL of \urr.trl a' r i' iq on
the original smte ofan ecosystem (humanaltered
ecology).
receptorsofenvironmentalchange(theupp.'
arrow).r
A'u.rain:blehurnan de\elopmenr
cenrered i'
the uldmate objective of growth. However,
governmenlsare also committed to
giobalization chrough agreernents
made in the
-VorldTiade Orgarization andwith
international financial insticutionsthatrequire
agovernancesystem that aims to increase
investmentsfor unregulated production and
lessersupportfor social services. The 1996
Human Development Report aptly points out
that economic growth does not necessarily lead
to human developrnent. In the Philippines,
economic growth from 2000 ro 2003 has not
been pro-poor, according to Asial
Development Bank (ADB). Though there was
growthin gross domestic product (GDP) from
2000 to 2003, preliminary results of the 2003
Family Income and Expenditure Survey
indicarea 10-percent drop in real average
family incomes.
increases
opporturities and facilitates better-yielding
production,it also contributes to *re
deteriorationofpeoplet well-being and the
deLeriorarion
Medium
Development Plar (MTPDP) has always been a
showcaseof conllicting paradigms. Vhile
committing to sustainable human development
goals,it alsoactively promotes extractive
industriessuch x mining, intensive agriculture
through promotion of high-value crops,
increa5e'
governmentexpenditurefor social seryices.
Investmentsin human development are pursued
with the uitimate objective ofindeasing
macroeconomicpeformance in the context of
an open and liberal economy.
(representing
5 percent ofthe world's llora)and177,000
animal species in irs forest areas.The few
remaining primary loresrsare home ro 44
percent of endemic flowering plants ald I 2
million indigenous peoples. The country's coral
reef area, rhe second largestin SoutheastAsra,
holds915 reef fish species and more than 400
SuccessSiory #I
of reproduclive Thereisgenerolly
understondinsof sustoinoble formins procticesond
conservolionoworeness.A boseline survey reveoledthotmost
formers were using.pesticides on
"upply
Gor,ernmentiagriculturalpolicy is 'lanred
After prolonged
A considerable
alsoshowed developmental delays including
stunring,wasring,delaysin the developmenr of
secondarysexualchancteristicsand mental
deficiencies."{7omen's biological make-up
makesthem more prone to the toxic effects of
chemicalsarld pesticides, since they have more
fatty tissues. Toxins stored in a mothert body
will not only damageher liver, kidney and
spleer.lt could eventuallybe passed on to her
unbornchild.
human life.
rrIherlhJnr'"'i.rim\'
even when the largest and most direct causesol
deforestationin the Philippinesareiarge-scale
corporate logging (ESSC,1999), rnining anrl
conflictingland conversions (Mallariand
Tabaranza
2001).''/
opporrunirie'in
the lowlands. Settlersfalm on iands with about
18 degrees siopethat occupy about9 4 million
hectaresor one-third of the country's total land
areaof30 million hectares.The sloping
topographyandthe high rainfall subject the
cultivation of sloping iands to vaious degrees of
erosion and otherforms ofland degradation
oge
\Tithout secureland tenure, upland famers
resort to erosive farming methods ald pesticide-
use, causing ioss oftopsoil and soil acidiry.
edu.arionisalso associared
to ecosystem
and humar health. In 2004, 19 large and
medium-scale mining comparies were granred
mining rights on Philippinesoil. Government
often perceives the mining industry as a source
of revenue and job-generationbut not as a
culprit in the deterioration ofits overall capital
stock and in preventing long-term sustainability.
Becausemineralprocessingrequires
substantial
energy ard water, mining may comeinto
conflictwith local populations ifwater resources
are already sc-arce. About one-seventh of mining
ard erplorarion .on.essions
in the f hilippines
can be found in areas ofhigh watershed stress,
where demand for water exceeds the available
supply by at least35 percent. Certainly, mitung
competes with other users for sc:Ilce water
resources,
Lr
ConsolidatedMining Corporation (Lepanto)
oprratingjn upsrream in
Benguer.'Tlri.e
October2005, mine tailing spiliage
containingcyanide from LaFayette Mining
Inc. caused fish Lills in Rapu-Rapu lsland,
Nbay. Dugong, which is classified as a
vulnerable specie by the Union for the
Conservation ofNature (IUCN) and
protected by the Convention on
In rer nar in Fndangered ie.
ionalTrade Spe.
fCITES)were among che 'peciesFound
lifeless in the area.'7 Mining pollutants cause
diseasesand disability but the most lethal
andirreversible for ecology and hurnan
healthis mercury contamination, such as the
one caused by the 1996 Marcopper accident
in Marinduque.
classified as
govefnment are expected to come this year 't
is a
significantissue in the coastal zone. Industrial
and real estate developmentprojecs, which
require broad expanse ofland in the most
scenic or productive areas ofthe coascal zone
compete with other uses for agriculture and
conservation.Tourism and r�crcation also
competewith sewices and amenities,
including roads and water supply that should
have been meant for communities.
Approximately60 million people live within
100 hm ofthe Philippinecoastline and
without adequate government support for
family planning services, unabated population
growth will intensify competition for
SucceseStoq/ #3
with developed
aftluenceand planned cities. But in the
Philippine'.like in m:n1 deueloping
counrrie".
demand
goods and servicesliLehealth, education,
roads,housing, transportation, waste
managementan(t sewerage, among ooers
in
a fi.c.rJ .ch rJle nged gorernmenL
l1 i'.r .ignificanr
impedimentconfiontingenvironmentalists,
healrhworken and deuelopmenL in
pl.urner.
achievinga good qualirylife.
:
\i
hazardous waste that contibutes to air, soil and
water pollution. Approximately 2.3 million
MT ofhazardous waste are generated by
industries every year Oil, immobilized waste,
containers, and plating waste make up more
than half of recorded hazardous waste
nationwide. Hospituls generarean additional
6,750 tons ofinfectious waite annually.
"
aduits. Reproductive difficulties (low sperm
counts) and disturbed pregnancies may also
develop. In children, iead poisoning can cause
brain damage and retardation, anemia, liver and
kidney damage,hearingioss, hyperactivity and
even death. \trorkers ifl makeshift battery
recycling and repair facilities show increased lead
levels in their blood, significartly higher rhan
therVHOt permissibleexposurelevels. Battery
rc.ondirionen and sme'rer. in rhe Philippines
are located in populated areas. The health ofthe
public and the environment suffers fiom
sulfuric acid dumpedin streams,into the sewer
system,or onto the soil.zr
on
population, health and environment that
:dd-e* equiry .ervero achiere hurnaniry\vi.ion
fbr a sustainable andjustdevelopment.
also involves
circumstances
in lifb.
and businesses
important in the conduct ofsustainable and
clean production.
thatfurthernarginaliz�s
thepoor Thus, sustainable management
coupled with reproductive health services to
empo\{erwomenis required. At the:ametime,
past achievements in legislation should also be
monitored and evaluated.
Endnoies
'?
Kri9otur 8erse. Does MultilorerolismReolly Work?.
World Student Communily for Sueoinqble
Development. 13 Morch 2004.
-
Pesticidepoisonins in Komukhdon.
L The world's moe ropid ond mossive deforeslolion.
Horibon Foundotion. Mdrch 4, 2005.
13World Bonk Philipp;ne Enfironme.t Repo'l2004.
'i
-
pscific/4068477.s1n.
15Biodiversiiy10 Humon welfore in the Phiiippines.
Powerpointpresentotion