CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING PROJECT I

A. CONTENT
Tutors name:
Vuong Do Tuan Cuong
Students name: Trinh Duc Duyen
Class :
55xe
Code :

624455

B. DATA
1, Foundation.
number
b(m)
a(m)
t(cm)

A
1,4
2,4
40

B
1,4
2,4
40

C
1,4
2,4
40

2, Building
a, Cross-section of column.
Cross-section
Story 1
Story 2+3
Story 4+5

Outside column bxh (C1)

25x40
25x35
25x30

b, Span and bay of column.

Bay of the column : B= 4m
End span: L1=7,0m
Mid-span: L2=7,0m
c, Height of building
Height of story 1: H1=4,0m
Rest of story height: H2=H3=H4=3,8m

Inside column bxh (C2)

25x40
25x35
25x30

Height of roof story: Hm=3,4m

d, Beam
- Main beam: D1: b1xh1=25x70
Ldc

According the formula: hdc= 10 =

7000
=700 (mm)
10

So, we choose the dimension of beam D1: b1xh1=25x70 (cm)

- Auxiliary beam: D2: b2xh2=25x350
B

According the formula: hdp= 12 =

4000
=333,3(mm)
12

So, we choose the dimension of beam D2: b2xh2=25x350 (cm)

Beam D3: b3xh3=25x350
- Roof beam :
Ldm

According the formula: hdm= 10 =

7000
=700 (mm)
10

So, we choose the dimension of beam Dm: bmxhm=20x70 (cm)

e, Another data.
Thickness of slab: hs= 15 cm
Thickness of roof slab: hsm=15 cm
The percentage of reinforcement:

=1,5 %

Unit weight of wood: = 650 KG/m3

Critical stress of wood :

[ ]

w= 105 KG/cm2

Number of bays: 17
Seasonal prevalence of production : The Summer.

II, Drawing

III, Preliminary volume calculation

1, Concrete volume
Concrete volume of column
Vc = 18.5.0,4.0,25.19,2 = 172,8(m3)
Concrete volume of Beam D1:
Vd1=0,7.0,25.28.18.5= 441(m3)
Concrete volume of Beam D2:
VD2= 5.5.0,35.0,25.68= 148,75(m3)
Concrete volume of Beam D3:
VD3= 5.4.0,35.0,25.68= 119(m3)
Concrete volume of slab
Vs=4.17.5.0,15.7.4= 1428 (m3)
Total volume of concrete:
V=172,8+441+148,75+119+1428 = 2309,55(m3)
2, Reinforced weight

The percentage of reinforcement:

=1,5 %

The preliminary count was:

M= 2309,55x 0.015 x 7850= 271949,5(kg)

3, Calculated the mass of formwork is shown in the following table:

The dimension
The name of
column
Colum
n
Beam
Slab

C1+C2
D1
D2
D3
S

parameter
(m)

Height
(m)

1,3
1,35
0,65
0,65
3,75

4,4
28
68
68
6,825

Area
(m2)

The
number of
element

5,72
37,8
44,2
44,2
25,59

450
90
25
20
340

The mass of
formwork
(m2)

The total
mass of
formwork
(m2)

2574
3402
1105
884
8700,6

IV, Design of Formwork

1, Formwork design and shores design for slab
+ Composition of slab formwork.
- The slab formwork includes boards of 20-30cm width, covering the whole
slab area needed to be pouring concrete. The boards weight is < 50kg for

16665,6

easy delivery. It is possible to joint 4 boards to make a large board for 2

people to carry on.
- The slab formwork boards are laid on the stringers. The distance between
stringers needs to be calculated.
- The shores are necessary for the slab stringers.
- To facilitate the dismantlement of beam sides formwork, the slab stringers
should be parallel to the beam side formwork board. We need to calculate
the distance from the stringers top to the beam sides board if the slab
stringers is perpendicular to the beam sides board.
2

MC 1-1

Composition of slab formwork

1- Concrete slab;

2- slab board

3- stud ;

4 Slab shores;

a. Design thickness of slab formwork

Assumption : thickness of slab formwork

vs=3 cm

The Distance of stringer must ensure the conditions of durability and deformity
of the slab formwork

+ Diagram of calculation
Consider the part of slab:

1
The Dimension of a slab box.

Consider a formwork trip are equal to b=1m, according to square with stringer.
Consider the trip as continuous beam supported by stringers

b, The load effect on 1m of slab

Dead load.
- Self-weight of the formwork:
q1tc= g .1 . vs=650 x 1 x 0,03=19,5 kG/m
q1tt =n . qtc1 =1,1 x 19,5=21,45 kG /m

- Self-weight of RC:
q tc2 = bt .1 . s =2500 x 1 x 0,18=450 kG/ m
q tt2 =n . qtc2 =1,2 x 450=540 kG/m

- Self-weight of reinforcement with

=1,5 %:

q3tc= t .1 . s =0,02.7850 x 1 x 0,18=28,26 kG/m

tt

tc

q3 =n . q2 =1,2 x 28,26=33,91kG /m

Live load.
- Loads of worker and construction:
q tc4 =q tco
4 .b=250 x 1=250 kG/m
q tt4 =n . qtc3 =1,3 x 250=325 kG/m

- Load caused by pouring or vibrating:

Because we choose preliminarily buckets with volume more than 0,8 m3:
2
Load caused by pouring concrete: q 1=600 kG/m

Load caused by vibrating

2
: q 2=200 kG/m

{q 1 , q 2 }= 600 kG/ m2
q tco
5 =max

q5tc=q tco
5 .b=600 x 1=600 kG/m
tt

tc

q5 =n . q5 =1,3 x 600=780 kG/m

Total load:
+ The combination of loading act on slab formwork :
- For condition of strength

tt
tt
tt
tt
tt
q1 = q1 + q2 + q3 + q 4 + q5 = 21,45+540+33,91+325+780=1700,36 KG /m

= 17,00 (KG/cm)
- For condition of deformation
tc
tc
tc
q2 = Gtc = q1 +q2 + q3 = 19,5+450+ 28,26 = 497,76 (KG/m)

Some geometrical properties of the segment of slab formwork

- moment of inertia : Iv=

b. v 3 100.33

225cm 4
12
12

- moment of resistance: Wv=

b. v 2 100.32

150cm3
6
6

c) Calculate the distance between stringers

* According to condition of strength
Maximum stress of slab formwork dont exceed allowable stress
v

M
v
Wv

M is maximum bending moment appear on slab formwork :

We have
l

10. v .Wv
q .l 2
M
1
v l
Wv 10.Wv
q1

10. v .Wv
10.105.150

96,3cm
q1
17

(cm)
* According to deformation :
The deformation of slab formwork is not exceed allowable deformation :
fv f

fv

We have :

f
For slab :

q tc .l 4
128 EI

128 EI . f
ltt
128.1,1.109.225.10 8
l 3
3
1, 26m
400
q2 .400
497, 76.400

For more safe, We choose

l min(l1 , l2 ) min(0,96;1, 26) l 0,95

(m)

(m)

The length of stringer in one slab :

Lxg B bdc 2. v 2.15 4000 250 2.30 2.15 3780mm 3, 78

(m)

The minimum number of stringer : n

vtdp adt

adt

vtdp

L1- bdp

los (2.adt 2. vkt )

3350 (2.220 2.30)
1
1 4
l
950

we choose :

n=4

3) Calculate and check the shore for stringers

a) Calculate distance between the shores
We consider stringers as continuous beams supported by shores. The
stringers is subjected to loading from slab boards and self-weight of the
stringers

Assuming that the dimension of the cross-section of the stringers is 80x120 mm

Some geometrical properties of stringers:

+ Moment of inertia : Ixg

b.h3 8.123

1152
12
12

(cm4)

Wxg

+ Moment of resistances of the stringers :

b.h 2 8.122

192
12
6

(cm3)

* Calculate loading applying on the stringers

- Diagram of transportation from the slabs to the stringers is shown as
following

- The combination of loading apply on stringers :

+) The loading due to self-weight of stringers
tc
qsw
.b.h 650.0, 08.0,12 6, 24

tt
tc
qsw
qsw
.n 6, 24.1,1 6,86

(KG/m)

( KG/m)

+) The loading due to slab board transfer down the stringers

q1

q1s .l 1700,36.1

1700,36
b
1

qs2 .l 497, 76.1

q2

497, 76
b
1

For condition of strength :

(KG/m)

(KG/m)

tt
q1xg q1 qsw
1700,36 6,86 1707, 22

For condition of deflection :

2
tc
qxg
q2 qsw
497, 76 6, 24 504

(KG/m)

(KG/m)

* Calculate the distance between the shores supporting the stringers :

- According to condition of strength :
Maximum stress of stringer dont exceed allowable stress
xg

M
xg
Wxg

M is maximum bending moment appear on slab formwork :

10. xg .Wxg
M
q .l 2
1
xg l
Wxg 10.Wxg
q1xg

We have

10. xg .Wxg
10.105.192

108, 7
1
qxg
17, 07

(cm)
- According to deformation :
The deformation of slab formwork is not exceed allowable
deformation :
fv f

fv

We have :

q tc .l 4
128EI

l
f tt l
400

128 EI
128.1,1.109.1152.10 8
3

2, 01
2
qxg
.400
497, 76.400

For slab :

(m)

For more safe, We choose

l min(l1 , l2 ) min(1, 08; 2,01) l 0,85

(m)

The minimum number of shore :

n

Lxg 2.atd
l

3780 2.220
1 4, 9
850

We choose n=5
c) Design shores supporting slab and stringers:
- We choose the size of the shore cross-section is that bxh = 10x10 (cm)
- Calculating diagram : we consider the stringers as continuous beam that is
put freely on the shores , so we can consider the shores hinged at two ends and
subjected to compressive axial force

hs
hxg

H1
hcc

hnem
hdem

- The length of the shores :

:

H cc=H 1hs vsh xg hn mhm

With : H1 the height of first storey ; H1 = 4,4 (m)

hs the thickness of the slab ; hs = 0,15 (m)
vs

- the thickness of the slab board ;

vs

= 0,03 (m)

hxg the height of the stringers ; hxg = 0,12(m)

hnem the height of the wedge ; hnem = 0,1 (m)
hdem the height of sill ; hdem = 0,03 (m)
H cc =4,40,150,030,120,10,03=3,97 (m)

The effective length of the shore :

H 0= . H cc=1.3,97=3,97(m)

cross-section of the shores :

- Some geometrical properties of of the

+) moment of inertia:

b.h3 10.103

833,33
12
12

(cm4)

+) The area of cross-section: A = b.c = 10.10 = 100 (cm2)

r

+) The radius of gyration:

+) Slenderness ratio :

I
833,33

2,89
A
100

H0
3,97

124
r
0, 0289

+) buckling coefficient :

<

(cm) = 0,0289 (m)

150

3100 3100

0, 2016
2
1242

- Loading apply on the shores:

+) diagram of transporting down the shores
+) The loading apply on the shores:

+) Stress appear in the shores:

N q1xg .lc 1707, 22.0,85 1451,14

N
1877,94

93, 2 105
. A 0, 2016.10.10

So, The shores satisfy ability of strength

* Check a total deformation of the formwork of slabs :
- Deformation caused by settlement of shores supporting slab:
c

V2 .lc 5, 04.85.(440 15 3)

0, 015
Ac .E
100.110000

- Deflection of the formwork of slab :

Fmax

qv2 .l 4
4,98.954

0, 089
185.EI 185.1,1.105.225

(cm)

(cm)

(KG)

(KG/cm2)

- Deflection of the stringer:

f max

2
qxg
.l 4

155.EI

5, 04.854
0, 0134
155.1,1.105.1152

(cm)

So, The total deformation of the bottom board of the main beam :
sl Fmax c f max 0, 015 0, 089 0, 0134 0,1174

Ls min 335

0,335
1000 1000

(cm)

The slab satisfy requirement of deformation

2, Formwork design for main beam

- Formwork for isolated beam consists of 3 boards: 2 side boards and 1
bottom board.
- The formwork boards are combined from the wood plates of 20-30cm
wide, 2-3cm thick, connected together by the wood vertical studs. The
distance between the vertical studs is defined based on the horizontal
loads of concrete.
- The edge formwork board is hold by braces (if H beam > 20cm) or(if
Hbeam > 60cm).
- The whole beam formwork is placed on a T shape prop

Composition:
1- main beam;
3-slab board;
5- beam bottom board;

2- Concrete slab
4- beam side board
6- studs

7- Braces;
8- ledges
9- kickers
10- T-head shores;
11-

13

wedge
12- sill;

9
8
5

Select the preliminary thickness of the

beam formwork
10

Beam side board:

vt =3 cm

Beam bottom board:

11
12

Cross-section of beam: 25x70(cm)

v =3 cm

Design beam bottom boards

a) Calculation diagram
Consider the beam bottom board as continuous beam supported by studs.
b) The load effect on the beam bottom boards
* Dead loads
- The beam side board bears the horizontal loads.
dc= 2500.0,7 .0,25=437,5

kG
m

g tcbt = bt . ( h dc ) . b
gttbt =1,3. gtcbt =1,2.437,5=525 kG /m

- Self-weight of reinforcement with

=1,5 %:

g (0, 25.0, 7.0, 015.7850) 20, 61KG / m

tc
t

gttt pttc .n 20, 61.1, 2 24, 73

- self-weight of main beam formwork:

gtcvk = g . F =650.0,25 .0,03=4,875 kG/m
tt

tc

g1 =n. g1 =1,1.4,875=5,363 kG/m

* Live Loads:
- Live load due to equipment and worker : Because the width of main beams
is small (<300 mm) and the beams is high => worker and machines dont act on
the boards so we can ignore the type of loading
=> pn = 0

30

150
70
0

250

=>

Pd =

p p .n (0, 25.200).1,3 50.1,3 65

tt
d

tc
d

30

- Live load due to pouring or compacting concrete : because the width of main
beam is small , so we can pour concrete through the slab formwork , loading due to
pouring is negligible in comparison with loading due to compacting
(KG/m)

Total load :
+) For condition of strength :
620,1 (KG/m)

q1dc

+) For condition of deformation :

= Gtt + Ptt = (
2
qdc

= Gtc =

24, 73

525

437,5++ 4,875

5,363

= 463 (KG/m)

* Some geometrical properties of the bottom boards of the beam

I vdc

+ Moment of inertia :

b.h3 25.33

56, 25
12
12

Wvdc

+ Moment of resistances:

(cm4)

b.h 2 25.32

37, 5
6
6

(cm3)

* Determine the distance between the shores supported a main beam

- According to condition of strength :
Maximum stress of stringer dont exceed allowable stress
dc

M
dc
Wdc

M is maximum bending moment appear on slab formwork :

We have

10. dc .Wdc
q1 .l 2
M
dc
dc l
1
Wdc 10.Wdc
qdc

) + 65 =

10. dc .Wdc
1
dc

10.105.37,5
79, 7
6, 2

(cm) = 0,797 (m)

- According to deformation :
The deformation of slab formwork is not exceed allowable deformation :
fv f

fv

We have :

For slab :

q tc .l 4
128 EI

ltt
128EI . 3 128.1,1.109.56, 25.10 8
f
l 3 2

0, 753
400
qdc .400
463.400

For more safe, We choose

(m)

l min(l1 , l2 ) min(0, 753;0, 797) l 0, 75

(m)

So , we choose the distance between the shores is 0,75 m with 9 shores

C, Design side beam boards
- The beam side board bears the horizontal loads.

dc= 2500. ( 0,70,15 ) .0,7=962,5 kG /m

ptcbt = bt . ( h dc hs hvks +hv ) . h

pttbt =1,3. ptcbt =1,3.962,5=1251,25 kG/m

tc

otc

Load caused by pouringvibrating

p =p . ( hdc hs ) =400. ( 0,70,15 )=220 kG/m

tt

tc

pdd=n . pdd =1,3.220=286 kG/m

There is not Load of worker and construction because the beam is small for
people walk on its beam
Total load :
+) For condition of strength
tt

tt

tt

pvt = pbt + p dd =1251,25+ 429=1680,25 kG/ m

+) For condition of deformation :

ptcvt = ptcbt =962,5 kG/m

* Some geometrical properties of the side boards of the beam

I vt

+ Moment of inertia :

+ Moment of resistances:

b.h3 55.33

123, 75
12
12

(cm4)

b.h 2 55.32
Wvt

82,5
6
6

(cm3)

- Calculate the distance between braces supporting side boards

- According to condition of strength:
Maximum stress of side boards dont exceed allowable stress
dc

M
dc
Wdc

M is maximum bending moment appear in side boards:

We have:

10. dc .Wdc
p ttvt .l 2
M

dc l
Wdc 10.Wdc
p tvtt

10. dc .Wvt
p

tt
vt

10.105.82,5
75, 6
16,80

(cm) = 0,756 (m)

- According to deformation:
The deformation of side boards is not exceeds allowable deformation:
fv f

fv

We have :

f
For slab :

q tc .l 4
128EI

ltt
128 EI . 3 128.1,1.109.123, 75.10 8
l 3 tc

0, 77
400
p vt .400
962, 5.400

For more safe, We choose

(m)

l min(l1 , l2 ) min(0, 756;0, 77) l 0, 75

(m)

The Span of side beam boards equal the span of bottom beam boards
* Design of T- head shores to support the formwork of beam.
- We select cross-section of Shores is 15x 10 cm.
- Calculating diagram : We consider shores as element subject to axial force
with pin connect at the end
- Some geometrical properties of T-head shores:
Moment of inertia: I = bh3/12 = 15. 103/12 = 1250 cm4
r

The radius of gyration:

I
1250

2,887cm
F
15.10

- The height of the shores :

H cc H1 hd vd hnm hdem

With : H1 the height of 1- storey ; H1 = 4,4 (m)

hs the height of the main beam ; hd = 0,7 (m)

vs

- the thickness of the bottom board of the main beam ;

vs

= 0,03

(m
hnem the height of the wedge ; hnem = 0,1 (m)
hdem the height of sill ; hdem = 0,03 (m)
H cc =4,40,70,030,10,03=3,54( m)

The effective length of the shore :

H 0= . H cc =1.3,54=3,54(m)

=>

Slenderness ratio:

H0
3,54

108, 76
r
0, 02887

150

Buckling coefficient:

3100
3100

0, 262
2

108, 762

- The Load effect on the shores:

+) The load effect on the shores from the bottom board of beam :
P1 = 620,1.0,7 = 434,1(KG)
P2 = 463.0,7= 324,1 (KG)
+) The load effect on the shores from side boards of beam
N1

N2

1680, 25.0, 7
1176, 2
2.cos 60
962, 5.0, 7
673, 75
2.cos 60

(KG)

(KG)

+) The load effect on the shore from the slab :

<

S1

S2

1707, 22.0,85
725,57
2
504.0,85
214, 2
2

(KG)

(KG)

So, the combination of loading apply on the shores for the main beam :
725,57

V1 = 2S1 + 2.N1.sin60 + P1 = 2.

1176, 2

+ 2.

.sin60 + 434,1 = 3922,49

(KG)
214, 2

V2 = 2S2 + 2.N2.sin60 + P2= 2.

+ 2.673,75.sin60 + 324,1 = 1919,47

(KG)

+) Stress appear in the shores:

V1
3922, 49

99,8 105
. A 0, 262.15.10

(KG/cm2)

So, The shores satisfy ability of strength

* Check a total deformation of the bottom board of main beam :
- Deformation caused by settlement of shores supporting main beam :
c

V2 .lc 1919, 47.314

0, 037
Ac .E 150.110000

(cm)

- Deflection of the bottom boards :

Fmax

qdc2 .h 4
463.0, 7 4

0,14
128.EI 128.1,1.109.56, 25.108

(cm)

So, The total deformation of the bottom board of the main beam :
dc Fmax c 0, 037 0,14 0,177

Ldc
0, 63
100

(cm)

The main beam satisfy requirement of deformation

3,The formwork Design for auxiliary beam

3

a, Composition
1- auxiliary beam;

2- sn BTCT

3- edge sheathing;

4- slab board

5- beam side board;

6- vn y dm

7- stud;
8- Kicker:

10- wedge

7
5

11- sill

9T-head shores ;
- Select the preliminary thickness of the

beam formwork
10

Beam side board:

vt =3 cm

Beam bottom board:

v =3 cm

Cross-section of beam: 25x35(cm)

11

Design beam side boards

+ Calculation diagram
Consider the beam side board as continuous beam supported by studs.
Design beam bottom boards
a) Calculation diagram
Consider the beam bottom board as continuous beam supported by studs.
b) The load effect on the beam bottom boards
* Dead loads
- The beam side board bears the horizontal loads.
dp= 2500.0,35.0,25=218,75

kG
m

g tcbt = bt . ( hdp ) . b
tt

tc

gbt =1,2. gbt =1,2.218,75=262,25 kG /m

- Self-weight of reinforcement with

=1,5 %:

gttc (0, 25.0,35.0, 015.7850) 10, 3KG / m

gttt pttc .n 10,3.1, 2 12,36

- self-weight of beam formwork:

gtcvk = g . F =650.0,25 .0,03=4,875 kG/m
gtt1 =n. gtc1 =1,1.4,875=5,363 kG/m

30

150
35
0

* Live Loads:
30

- Live load due to equipment and worker : Because the width of main beams
is small (<300 mm) and the beams is high => worker and machines250
dont act on
the boards so we can ignore the type of loading
=> pn = 0
- Live load due to pouring or compacting concrete : because the width of main
beam is small , so we can pour concrete through the slab formwork , loading due to
pouring is negligible in comparison with loading due to compacting
=>

Pd =

pdtt pdtc .n (0, 25.200).1,3 50.1,3 65

(KG/m)

Total load :
+) For condition of strength :
= 344,97 (KG/m)

q1dp

= Gtt + Ptt = (

+) For condition of deformation :

2
qdp

= Gtc =

262,25

12,36

218,75++4,875

I vdp

+ Moment of inertia :

Wvdp

+ Moment of resistances:

(cm4)

b.h 2 25.32

37,5
6
6

(cm3)

* Determine the distance between the shores supported a main beam

- According to condition of strength :
Maximum stress of stringer dont exceed allowabe stress
dp

) + 65

= 233,93 (KG/m)

* Some geometrical properties of the bottom boards of the beam.

b.h3 25.33

56, 25
12
12

5,363

M
dp
Wdp

M is maximum bending moment appear on slab formwork :

10. dp .Wdp
q1dp .l 2
M

dp l
Wdp 10.Wdp
q1dp

We have
l

10. dp .Wdp
10.105.37,5

106,8
1
qdp
3, 45

(cm) = 1,07 (m)

- According to deformation :
The deformation of slab formwork is not exceed allowable deformation :
fv f

fv

We have :

q tc .l 4
128 EI

ltt
l
400

128 EI .
128.1,1.109.56, 25.10 8
3

0,95
2
qdp
.400
233,93.400

For slab :
For more safe, We choose

(m)
l min(l1 , l2 ) min(1, 07;0,95) l 0,8

(m)

So , we choose the distance between the shores is 0,8 m with 5 shores

C, Design side beam boards

- The beam side board bears the horizontal loads.

dp= 2500. ( 0,350,15 ) .0,35=175 kG /m

p tcbt = bt . ( h dphs h vks +h v ) . h

pttbt =1,3. ptcbt =1,3.175=227,5 kG/m

- load caused by pouring or vibrating.

ptc =p otc . ( hdc hs ) =400. ( 0,350,15 )=80 kG /m

pttdd=n . ptcdd =1,3.80=104 kG/m

There is not Load of worker and construction because the beam is small for
people walk on its beam
Total load :
+) For condition of strength
pttvt = pttbt + pttdd =227,5+104=331,5 kG/m

+) For condition of deformation :

ptcvt = ptcbt =175 kG/m

* Some geometrical properties of the side boards of the beam

I vt

+ Moment of inertia :

+ Moment of resistances:

b.h 3 20.33

45
12
12

(cm4)

b.h 2 20.32
Wvt

30
6
6

(cm3)

- Calculate the distance between braces supporting side boards

- According to condition of strength:

Maximum stress of side boards dont exceed allowable stress

dp

M
dp
Wdp

M is maximum bending moment appear in side boards:

10. dp .Wdp
p tt .l 2
M
vt
dp l
Wdp 10.Wdp
p ttvt

We have:
l

10. dp .Wvt
10.105.30

97, 4
tt
p vt
3, 32

(cm) = 0,974 (m)

- According to deformation:
The deformation of side boards is not exceeds allowable deformation:
fv f

We have :

For slab :

q tc .l 4
fv
128EI

ltt
128 EI . 3 128.1,1.109.45.10 8
f
l 3 tc

0,97
400
p vt .400
175.400

For more safe, We choose

(m)

l min(l1 , l2 ) min(0,974;0,97) l 0,8

(m)

The Span of side beam boards equal the span of bottom beam boards
* Design of T- head shores to support the formwork of beam.
- We select cross-section of Shores is 12x 10 cm.
- Calculating diagram : We consider shores as element subject to axial force
with pin connect at the end

- Some geometrical properties of T-head shores:

Moment of inertia: I = bh3/12 = 12. 103/12 = 1000cm4
r

The radius of gyration:

I
1000

2,887cm
F
120

- The height of the shores :

H cc H1 hd vd hnm hdem

With : H1 the height of 1- storey ; H1 = 4,4 (m)

hs the height of the auxiliary beam ; hd = 0,35 (m)
vs

- the thickness of the bottom board of the auxiliary beam ;

vs

0,03 (m
hnem the height of the wedge ; hnem = 0,1 (m)
hdem the height of sill ; hdem = 0,03 (m)
H cc =4,40,350,030,10,03=3,89(m)

The effective length of the shore :

H 0= . H cc=1.3,89=3,89(m)

=>

Slenderness ratio:

H0
3,89

120,89
r
0, 02887

75

Buckling coefficient:

3100
3100

0, 212
2

120,892

- The Load effect on the shores:

+) The load effect on the shores from the bottom board of beam :
P1 = 344,97 .0,8 = 275,98(KG)

>

P2 = 233,93.0,8= 187,14 (KG)

+) The load effect on the shores from side boards of beam
N1

N2

331,5.0,8
265, 2
2.cos 60
175.0,8
140
2.cos 60

(KG)

(KG)

+) The load effect on the shore from the slab :

S1

S2

1707, 22.0,85
725,57
2
504.0,85
214, 2
2

(KG)

(KG)

So, the combination of loading apply on the shores for the main beam :
725,57

V1 = 2S1 + 2.N1.sin60 + P1 = 2.

+ 2.265,2.sin60 + 275,98 = 2186,46

(KG)
214, 2

V2 = 2S2 + 2.N2.sin60 + P2= 2.

+ 2.140.sin60 + 187,14 = 858,03

(KG)

+) Stress appear in the shores:

V1
2186, 46

86 105
. A 0, 212.120

(KG/cm2)

So, The shores satisfy ability of strength

* Check a total deformation of the bottom board of main beam :
- Deformation caused by settlement of shores supporting main beam :

V2 .lc 858, 03.389

0, 023
Ac .E 120.110000

(cm)

- Deflection of the bottom boards :

Fmax

2
qdp
.h 4

128.EI

233,93.0,84
0,121
128.1,1.109.56, 25.10 8

(cm)

So, The total deformation of the bottom board of the main beam :
dc Fmax c 0, 023 0,121 0,144

Ldc
0,32
100

(cm)

The main beam satisfy requirement of deformation

3, The Design Column formwork

the design column formwork for the story 1
- Dimension of story column 1: bxh= 25x40cm
- We select thickness of formwork is: 3cm
- The depth of intermittent punching: R= 0,7m

1- Lp b tng lt di chn ct;

2- washout hole
3 boards;
4- studs;
5- claims;
6 bolts;
7 props;
8- Turn buckles;
9 wooden bars;

10 steel hooks;
11 positioning
frames.

Calculation formwork
6

5
4

3
2

10

11

- Consider the formwork as continuous beam supported by claims.

a) The load effect on the formwork

- Live Load: Lateral pressure of concrete:
pbttc =bt x Hx hc = bt x Rx b = 2500 x 0.75 x 0.4 = 750kG/m
(H > R = 0.75 => ly H = R = 0.75 m)
pbttt = pbttc x n = 750 x 1.3 = 975kG/m
- Live load : load caused by vibrating
ptc = 200 x 0.4 = 80 kG/m
ptt = ptc x n = 80 x 1.3 = 104 kG/m
Total load:
- For condition of deformation:
qctc =pbttc =750kG/m
- For condition of strength :
qctt = pbttt + ptt = 975+ 104 = 1079kG/m
b) Some geometrical properties of the cross-section of comlumn board :
I

+) moment of inertia :

b. v 3 40.33

90
12
12

+) section of resistance :

(cm4)

b. v 2 40.32

60
6
6

+) The area of cross-section : A = b.h = 40.3 = 120 (cm2)

c) Calculate the distance between claims
- According to condition of strength :

Maximum stress of stringer dont exceed allowable stress

vc

M
vc
Wvc

M is maximum bending moment appear on slab formwork :

10. vc .Wvc
M
p1.l 2

vc l
Wvc 10.Wvc
qttc

We have
l

10. vc .Wvc
qttc

10.105.60
76, 4
10, 79

(cm) = 0,764 (m)

- According to deformation :
The deformation of column formwork is not exceed allowable
deformation :
fv f

We have :

For slab :

q tc .l 4
fv
128EI

ltt
128 EI .
128.1,1.109.90.10 8
3
f
l 3

0, 75
400
qtc2 .400
750.400

For more safe, We choose

(m)

l min(l1 , l2 ) min(0, 764;0, 75) l 0, 7

(m)

So , we choose the distance between the shores is 0,7 m with 6 claims

V ) SUMMARISE FORMWORK
1. Slab formwork
- slab board : 250x30 mm

- stringer supporting slab board : 80x120 mm

- the length of stringer : lxg = 3,78 (m)
- the distance between stringers : Lxg = 1 (m)
- the shores supporting the stringers : 100x100 mm
- the distance between the shores : LCT = 1100 mm
2. Beam formwork
a. auxiliary beam formwork
- Bottom board : 250x30 mm
- side board : 200x30 mm
- kicker : 30x60 mm
- the shores of auxiliary beam : 120x100 mm
- the distance between the shores : 800 mm
b, main beam formwork
- Bottom board : 250x30 mm
- side board : 550x30 mm
- kicker : 30x60 mm
- the shores of main beam : 150x100 mm
- the distance between the shores : 700 mm
3. Column formwork
- Column formwork in short edge : 250 x 30 mm
- Column formwork in long edge: 200 x 30 mm
studs : 40 x40 mm
The distance between two claims : 650 mm
- Claims : 20 x 60 x 80 mm

Chapter 2. Establishment of construction organization plan

I, Subdivisons.
1. Principle.
- The number of areas to ensure continuous production line.
- The volume in the zone must equally and the difference does not
exceed 25 percent
- Volume of concrete in a sector must ensure poured continuously in a
work shift.
- Construction joint must stop at expansion joint and from ( 1/3-2/3)
span of auxiliary beam or (1/4-3/4) span of main beam.
- We make sure concrete structure stability in period time.
- Guarantee of conditions : m n+1
with : - m: number of areas in a story
- n : the number of single lines
So, we choose n=6 => m 7 areas

The method 1: We divide plane into 9 area.

The volume of concrete of maximum area.
Member

Total volume(m3)

C 1,2
D1b,D1g

9,8+2,76

D2,D3

6,3

Slab

29,44

total

48,3

The Volume of concrete for minimum area.

Total volume(m3)

Member
C 1,2
D1b,D1g

9,8

D2,D3
Slab

5,22
24,55

total

39,57

The differences between two areas is:

48,339,57
=18,1
3948,3,56

The method 2: We divide plane into 6 area

The volume of concrete of maximum area.

Member

Volume (m3)

C 1,2
D1b,D1g

17,15

D2,D3
Slab

9,16
43,8

total

70.46

The volume of concrete of minimum area.

Volume (m3)

Member
C 1,2
D1b,D1g

14,7

D2,D3

7,88

Slab

36,8

total

59,38

The differences between two areas is:

70,4659,38
=15,72
70,46

In the method 2, the volume concrete in maximum area which is approximately 70

m3, it is more than that of maximum area of method 1, about 20 (m3), the area is
large. Otherwise, the number of single line which is 6 groups, according to the
Guarantee of conditions : m n+1 ( m 7 )
So, we choose the method 1 to calculate.

II Calculate construction time

1> Construction time follow line method is calculated by the formula :
T = T0 + (N 1).K
Where : N_ the total areas in whole building N = 9x 5 = 45 (pk)
K_ the number of work dates in 1 area, K = 1
T0_ time to finish 1 region T0 = t1 + t2 + t3 + t4 + t5 + t6 + t7 + t8
t1 _ installation time for formwork and reinforce of column, t1 = 1 day
t2 _pouring concrete time of column , t2 = 1 day

t3 _waiting time to dismantle column formwork, t3 = 1 day

t4 _dismantle time of column formwork and installation time of beam-slab
formwork, t4 = 1 day
t5 _ installation time of beam-slab reinforce, t5 = 1 day
t6 _ pouring concrete time of beam-slab, t6 = 1 day
t7 _ curing concrete time in summer, t7 = 10 days
t8 _ dismantle time of beam-slab, t8 = 1 day
Thus, Tc = t1 + t2 + t3 + t4 + t5 + t6 + t7 + t8 =17 days

2> Create statistical table of material and workers for 1 region, from the result of
the table, choose the most optimum method.
The table : construction time for whole building
Method
1

The number of
regions
9

Total regions
45

K factor
(days)
1

Construction
time (days)
45

3> Determine circulating factor of formwork :

Using period of formwork : Tvk = T1 + T2 + T3 + T4 + T5+ T6
Where: T1 _ installation time of formwork in 1 area, T1 = 1 day
T1 _ installation time for reinforce in 1 area, T1 = 1 day
T1 _ pouring concrete time 1 area, T1 = 1 day
T1 _ allowable time of dismantle formwork in 1 area, T 1 = 2 days with
unloaded formwork, T1 = 10 days with loaded formwork.
T1 _ dismantle time of formwork in 1 region, T1 = 1 day
T1 _ repairing time of formwork, T1 = 1 day

=>unloaded formwork: Tvk = 1+ 1+1+ 1+ 2+1 = 7 days

Loaded formwork: T1 = 1+ 1+ 1+ 1+ 10+ 1 = 15 days
*, Number of are must make formwork.
The formwork does not subject to load.

Nw=

Tvk 7
7(area )
T1 1

The formwork subjected to forces.

Nw=

Tvk 15

15( area)
T1
1

* Ratio of alternative formwork.

n

N
Nw

Formula:
=
with : N- is sum of number of areas of building.

Method
I

Formworks
Name
The formwork
does not
subject to load
The formwork
subjected to
forces

Nw

45

6,43

45

15

4, Determine volume of formwork which is used for methods:

Q=Qo(0,1n+1) (m3)
With: Qo=1,4.w.

.S

(m3) Volume of wood for each area.

Where: 1,4 the ratio

0,1- the ratio

- The average thickness of formwork.

0, 03m

n- The ratio of alternative formwork.

S- The Area of formwork in region.
+ The formwork does not subject to load: S1
+ The formwork subjected to forces: S2
w- The number of areas must make formwork.
* For each method.
+> The formwork does not subject to load:
- Method 1:
S1= S(column) + S( Beam)=74,36+98+51,3=223,66 (m2)
W1=7
Qo=1,4.7.0,03. 223,66 =65,76 (m3)
+> The formwork subjected to load:
- Method 1:
S2= S( Slab)+S(Beam)=224+17,5+18,33=259,83(m2)
W=15
Qo=1,4.15.0,03. 259,83=163,69(m3)
The volume of wood which is used for each method.
Q=Qo(0,1n +1)
+> The formwork does not subject to load:
- Method 1:
Q1=65,76.(0,1.6,43+1)=108,0 (m3)

+> The formwork subject to load:

- Method 1:
Q2=163,69 (0,1.3,0+1)=212,8(m3)
5, Determine the volume of wood and stringers for each method.
6, Determine the volume of reinforcement for each method.
- Total volume of reinforcement of 1-story is: 52888,15(Kg)
+ Method 1:
Volume of reinforcement in a area.
52888,15
5876, 46(kg )
9

7, Determine the number of labor in each group.

a, The Concrete works.
- The maximum volume of concrete of building at story 1.
Q=449,156(m3)
- The total daywork in concrete works :348,84 days
=> The number of labors in a group.

+ Method 1:

348,84
39labors
9

b, Steel reinforcing works.

-The total daywork in the Steel reinforcing works:524,22 days
=> The number of labors in a group:
n

+Method 1:

524, 22
59labors
9

c, Formworks.
-The total daywork for removal of formwork:
=> The number of labors in a group.
n

+Method 1:

125, 22
14labors
9

d, Formwork Installation.
-The total daywork for formwork installation:503,52days
=> The number of labors in a group is:
n

+ Method 1:

503,52
56labors
9

8, We Consider and choose manufacture for method 1.

8,1. batch mixer.
The volume of concrete for a maximum are.m3
So, We select automatic concrete mixer ( SB-91A).
- Technical parameter:
+ The volume of concrete for a batch of concrete:750 (l)
+ The Volume of mixer drum:500 (l)
+ The rotation speed:18,6 ( v/ph)
+ The engine capacity: Ndc= 5,1 KW
+ The weight : m = 1,15 (Ton)
+ The mixing time a batch: 80 (s)
t1 = 20s : The time for make material pour in bucket.
t2 =80s : The mixing time a batch
t3 = 20s: The time for batch mixer come back.

=> the total time: Tc = t1+t2+t3= 20+80+20 = 120 s

=> The number of batch in 1 hours: Nck=3600/120=30.
=>> Productivity in a machine shift:
Nca

8.Vsx.K xl .n.Ktg
1000

8.2.Choosing the tower crane

8.500.0, 7.30.0,8
67, 2m3 48,3m 3
1000

h3
h2
Hm

h1
H1
l

Bct

lat
R

In the design formwork, the bucket is chosen according to the load, which caused
by pouring concrete. We choose the Hoa Phats bucket ,The volume of concrete
1,5 (m3), the height of cable hanger and hook is 0,75m. The bucket dont use hose
lap and The distance from slab to bottom bucket which is 1(m).
Because The building have many bay ( L>3B), the height of building is medium
therefore we choose mobile tower crane, light balance-weight.
- Determine the necessary height of tower crane.
H H ct H at H ck H t

The building height from the crane-standing level:

H ct

H at

18,8m

The safety distance

=1m
The maximum height of structure components of craning( the height of the
concrete mortar barrel)

H ck

=1,5m

The height of the hanging / tying equipment:

Vy H = 22,05m

Ht

=0,75m

- Duty of tower crane:

According to the appendix 6.3.3, TCVN 4453:1995 The volume of concrete not
exceed the 90-95% of volume of bucket.
The weight of concrete: 2,51,2 = 3 Tons
=> Qyc = 3.1,1=3,3Tons
+) Determine the jib length:
R=S+d
* Distance from the rotating base of crane to the building (or the scaffolding)
where is closest to the crane.
S = r/2+e+ldg
r: The distance between two of rails .6m
e: Safety distance: 2m
ldg: The width of scaffolding+ Space for construction. 2,5m
=> S = r/2+e+ldg =6/2+2+2,5=7,5m
* Building width (including the distance from the building to the scaffolding
where is closest to the crane
d = 7,02 + 7,02=28m
=> R = 7,5 + 28 = 35,5m
- Based on the some data about tower crane :
Hyc=22,05m
Ryc=35,5m
Qyc=3,3 tn
So, We choose the tower crane GTMR 400, which is have some parameters :
Loading weight : Q = Qmin = 4,715 T > 3,3T
Jib length : R = 36,5 > 35,5 m
The height : H = 32,6 m > 22,05 m
Speed :
+ The lift and lower speed : 2,2 - 12 - 24 m/mins
+ the speed of car : 7,5 - 30 - 60 m/mins
+ the speed of crane : 12,5 - 25 m/mins
+ Rotating speed : 0,12 - 0,7
- Determine the length of rail

Lray=Bct 2 . Lbotray

Where
Lbotray = R 2ct max R2yc

L may
2

6
Lbotray = 36,5235,52 =5
2

Lray 4.17 3.2 58

So,

m ,

e. Determine productivity of crane:

* Determine the cycle of delivering :
n

T ti t1 t2 2t3 2t4 2t5 t6 t7

Formula :

i 1

t1 : the time for hooking the load t1 = 0s

t2

t2 : the time for lifting the load

22, 05.60
55,125
24

(s)

t3

t3 : the time for rotating to the required location :

t4

t4 : the time for moving of tower crane :

0,5.60
42,9
0, 7

(62 6) / 2.60
67, 2
25

(s)

(s)

We choose the distance from the center of tower crane to the concrete mixing
station : l = 7(m)

t5

t5 : the time for moving of car on the arm of the crane :

(36,5 7).60
29,5
60

(s)
t6 : the time for removing the loads : t6 = 0
t7

t7 : the time for lowering the load :

, the cycle of delivering :

22, 05.60
55,125
24

(s)

T 55,125 2.42,9 2.67, 2 2.29,5 55,125 389, 45

(s)
* Productivity of crane : Nshift = t.Q.K.Ktg.n
Legand :
t : the working time in a shift t = 8 (hours)
Q =4,125 T
K : weighting factor K = 0,8
Ktg : factor considering time-used of crane Ktg = 0,85
n

3600
3600

9, 24
T
389, 45

n : the amount of cycle

So, productivity of crane : Nshift = 8.3,3.0,8.0,85.9,24 = 165,9 (T/shift)
=> The volume of concrete in a shift :V=9,24.8.1,2.0,8.0,85=60,3
(m3)>48,3(m3)
8.3< Vibrating machine
We use internal vibrator for column and beam and surface vibrator for slab
* Using internal vibrator for column and beam.
Besed on the volume of concrete in an area:
Qd=152,95/11=13,9(m3)
=> We choose 3 internal vibrator I-21A having compacting capacity of each is
6m3/shift
* Using surface vibrator for slab

The volume of concrete in an area: 261,1/11=23,74(m3)

- We choose 1 surface vibrator U8 having capacity of this machine is
3
25m /shift
8.4> Choose hoist machine
.
The Mass of concrete in an big area: 48,3 .2,5=120,75 (T)
The mass of steel:1,81 (T)
The mass of formwork in an big area : 12,27.0,03.0,65=8 (T)
The mass of shores and stringers in an big area:18,5 (T)
=> M=120,75+1,81+8+18,5=149,06 < 165,9 (T)
So we dont need hoist machine.