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Checked

Page

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Revision

chg

2006 TCC

IDEALISED STRUCTURE and FORCE DIAGRAMS

134
Job No

R68

DESIGN STATUS:

VALID

WARNING :
Passive pressure should
only be considered if it
can be guaranteed that
there will be no future
excavation in front of
the wall.

DIMENSIONS (mm)
H=
3250
Hw =
1500
Hp =
300
Hn =
0
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
fcu =
35
fy =
500

B=
BI =
BN =

4000
1200
0

Tw =
Tb =
TN =

300
300
0

steel class
m =
N/mm
m =
N/mm
cover to tension steel =
Max allowable design surface crack width (W) =
Concrete density =
SOIL PROPERTIES
Design angle of int'l friction of retained mat'l () =
Design cohesion of retained mat'l (C ) =
Density of retained mat'l (q ) =
Submerged Density of retained mat'l (qs ) =
Design angle of int'l friction of base mat'l (b) =
Design cohesion of base material (Cb ) =
Density of base material (qb ) =
Allowable gross ground bearing pressure (GBP) =

A
1.5
1.15
50
0.3
24

concrete
steel
mm
mm
kN/m

30
0
20
5.00
20
10
10
200

degree
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m
degree
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m

LOADINGS

=
=
=
=
=

10
10
10.3
43
0

=
=
=
=

0.33
2.04
2.86
1.15

Surcharge load -- live (SQK)

Surcharge load -- dead (SGK)
Line load -- live (LQK)
Line load -- dead (LGK)
Distance of line load from wall (X)

LATERAL FORCES (unfactored)

Force

PE
PS(GK)
PS(QK)
PL(GK)
PL(QK)

=
=
=
=
=

PW =
Total
PP =

Ka
Kp
Kpc
Kac
Lever arm

(kN)
29.58
10.83
10.83
0.00
0.00

LE
LS
LS
LL
LL

(m)
= 1.194
= 1.63
= 1.63
= 3.25
= 3.25

11.25

LW = 0.50

62.50

-9.49

(0.2 or 0.3
mm only)

Wall Geometry
(Only granular backfil considered, "C" = zero)
[default=2/3*q (only apply when 13.33
ASSUMPTIONS

a) Wall friction is zero

b) Minimum active earth pressure = 0.25qH
c) Granular backfill
d)Does not include check of rotational slide/slope failure
e)Does not include effect of seepage of ground
kN/m
water beneath the wall.
kN/m
f)Does not include deflection check of wall due to
kN/m
lateral earth pressures
mm
h) Design not intended for walls over 3.0 m high
i) Does not include check for temp. or shrinkage effects
[ default ka = (1-SIN )/(1+SIN )0.33
[ default kp = (1+SIN b)/(1-SIN 2.04
[ default kpc = 2kp0.5 ] =
2.86
[ 2ka0.5 ]

Moment about TOE

Mult

(kNm)
49.46
24.65
28.17
0.00
0.00

(kNm)
35.33
17.60
17.60
0.00
0.00

1.40
1.40
1.60
1.40
1.60

(kN)
41.42
15.17
17.33
0.00
0.00

5.63

1.40

15.75

7.88

89.67

110.15

-9.49

-1.38

76.16

(LP-HN) = 0.15

Fult

-1.38

1.00

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Checked

PE =
PS(GK) =
PS(QK) =
PL(GK) =
PL(QK) =
PW =
P =
Pp =

29.58
10.83
10.83
0.00
0.00
11.25

Lever arm (m)

LE
LS
LS
LL
LL
LW

=
=
=
=
=
=

Moment (kNm)

1.08
1.63
1.63
3.25
3.25
0.50

32.05
17.60
17.60
0.00
0.00
5.63

-9.49

Vertical FORCE (kN)

Wall =
Base =
Nib =
Earth =
Water =
Surcharge =
Line load =
V =

Moments

(LP-HN) = 0.15

R68
OK

F.O.S = 1.50
LOADING OPTION
(select critical load combination)
EARTH
Warning:
PS(GK)

PS(QK)
PL(GK)

PL(QK)

PW

Lever arm (m)

17.64
16.80
0.00
102.50
30.00
50.00
53.30

-1.38
= 71.50

Moment (kNm)

1.35
2.00
0.00
2.75
2.75
2.75
1.50

23.81
33.60
0.00
281.88
82.50
137.50
79.95
Mr = 639.24

270.24

Factor of Safety, Mr / Mo =
SLIDING

135
Job No

62.50
Mo

Restoring

05-Mar-2015
Revision

STABILITY CHECKS :

OVERTURNING about TOE

(using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor)
Lateral FORCE (kN)

Page

chg

2006 TCC

EXTERNAL STABILITY

Overturning
Moments

Date

(using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor)

Sum of LATERAL FORCES, P =

PASSIVE FORCE, Pp x Reduction factor (1) =

BASE FRICTION ( V TANb + 0.75 B Cb ) =
Sum of FORCES RESISTING SLIDING, Pr =

62.50

Warning:

8.94
F.O.S =

ALLOW BUOYANCY OF BASE

> 1.50

OK

1.50

kN

-9.49 kN
-128.36 kN
-137.85 kN

Red'n factor for passive force = 1.00

Factor of Safety, Pr / P =

2.21

> 1.50

OK

GROUND BEARING FAI Taking moments about centre of base (anticlockwise "+") :
Vertical FORCES (kN) Lever arm (m)

Wall =
Base =
Nib =
Earth =
Water =
Surcharge=
Line load =
V =

21.24
28.80
0.00
102.50
30.00
50.00
53.30
285.84

0.65
0.00
2.00
-0.75
-0.75
-0.75
0.50

Moment (kNm)

BEARING PRESSURE (KN/m)

13.81
0.00
0.00
-76.88
-22.50
-37.50
26.65
Mv =
-96.42

0.000

50.000

Moment due to LATERAL FORCES, Mo =

71.50

kNm

Resultant Moment, M = Mv + Mo =

-24.91

kNm

-0.09
77

m
kN/m

Eccentricity from base centre, M / V =

Therefore, MAXIMUM Gross Bearing Pressure (GRP) =

100.000

< 200

OK

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2006 TCC

Job No

R68

BASE - unloaded side ( per metre length )

f =

V ult =
M ult =

1.45
97.94
48.62

BS8110

(default = ult mt / non-factored m1.45

kN
kNm
( '+' TENSION AT BOTTOM FACE)
Min. As =

mm2
mm
mm
mm2

d=
z=
As' =
Mres =

242
223.36
0
130.17

mm
mm
mm2
kNm

> 48.62

OK

100 As/bd =
vc =
Vres =

0.55%
0.66
159.32

N/mm2
kN

> 97.94

OK

centres =
Asprov =
MOMENT of RESISTANCE :

SHEAR RESISTANCE:

reference

390
16
150
1340

BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT :

137

Table 3.25

< 558
> 390

OK

3.12.11.2.7(b)

OK

3.4.4.4

Table 3.8
3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH TO BS8110/BS8007 (:Temperature and shrinkage effects not included)

X=
Acr =

80.69
86.81

m = 0.000422

mm
mm

W=

0.08

BS8007

mm

< 0.30

OK

App. B.2

BASE - loaded side ( per metre length )

V ult =
M ult =

96.20
23.89

kN
kNm

(TENSION - TOP FACE)

Min. As =
=
centres =
Asprov =

TOP REINFORCEMENT :

MOMENT RESISTANCE :

SHEAR RESISTANCE:

390
16
150
1340

mm2
mm
mm
mm2

d=
z=
As' =
Mres =

242
223.36
0
130.17

mm
mm
mm2
kNm

> 23.89

OK

100 As/bd =
vc =
Vres =

0.55%
0.66
159.32

N/mm2
kN

> 96.20

OK

Table 3.25

< 558
> 390

OK

3.12.11.2.7(b)

OK

3.4.4.4

Table 3.8
3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH to BS8100/ BS8007 (: Temperature and shrinkage effects not included)

X=
Acr =

80.69
86.81

m = 1.88E-005

mm
mm

W=

0.00

BS8007

mm

< 0.30

OK

REINFORCEMENT SUMMARY for BASE

TOP (DESIGN)
BOTTOM (DESIGN)
TRANSVERSE

Type

Centers

As

Min. As

H
H
H

mm
16
16
12

mm
150
150
200

mm2
1340
1340
565

mm2
390
390
390

OK
OK
OK

App. B.2

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Revision

chg

2006 TCC

R68

APPROXIMATE WEIGHT OF REINFORCEMENT

No.

Type

Dia

Length

Unit Wt

Weight

WALL

VERTICAL - External face

VERTICAL - Internal face
TRANSVERSE (Ext.& Int.)

7
7
40

H
H
H

12
20
12

3046
3110
1000

0.888
2.466
0.888

18.93
53.69
35.51

BASE

TOP (MAIN)
BOTTOM (MAIN)
TRANSVERSE ( T & B )
WALL STARTERS (Ext.)
WALL STARTERS (Int.)

7
7
42
7
7

H
H
H
H
H

16
16
12
12
20

4128
4128
1000
1155
1475

1.578
1.578
0.888
0.888
2.466

45.61
45.61
37.29
7.18
25.46

NIB

(assume same reinforcement as wall)

INTERNAL FACE (MAIN)
7
EXTERNAL FACE (MAIN)
7
TRANSVERSE (EXT.+ INT.)
2

H
H
H

12
20
12

96
160
1000

0.888
2.466
0.888

0.60
2.76
1.78

SUMMARY

Approx total reinforcement per metre length of wall (kg)

138
Job No

274.4

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DATA FOR DIAGRAMS I

sheet 1 of 2

Made by rc

Job No R

2006 TCC

DESIGN STATUS: VALID

IF(ABS(ECCY)>B/1000/2,"BEARING FAIL",IF(ABS(ECCY)>(B/1000)/6,(2*VL)/(3*((B/1000)/2-ABS(ECCY))),(VL/(B/1000)*(1+(6*ABS(ECCY))/(B/1000)))))

IF(ECCY>(B/1000)/6,IF(XX>(B/1000/2-ECCY)*3,0,(((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3-XX)/((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3))*BP),((VL/(B/1000)*(1-(6*ECCY)/(B/1000))))+(B/1000-XX)/(B/1000)*(BP-(VL/(B/1000)*
(6*ECCY)/(B/1000)))))
4

KN/M^2

KN/M^2

1 76.90
0 76.90
3
BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM
0.4 76.90
3
0.8 76.90
3
M
1.2 76.90
3
0 1 2 3 4 5
1.6 76.90
3
0
2 76.90
3
2.4 76.90
3
2.8 76.90
3
50
3.2 76.90
3
3.6 76.90
3
100
4 76.90
3
4 0.00
0
IF(ECCY<0,B/1000-B/1000/50*B24,B/1000/50*B24)
72.23
0 4.00
58.217
1 3.92
58.591
M
BEARING PRESSURE
DIAGRAM
2 3.84
58.965
3 3.76
59.338
4 3.68
59.712
0.000
5 3.60
60.086
10.000
6 3.52
60.459
20.000
7 3.44
60.833
30.000
8 3.36
61.207
40.000
9 3.28
61.581
10 3.20
61.954
50.000
11 3.12
62.328
60.000
12 3.04
62.702
70.000
13 2.96
63.075
80.000
14 2.88
63.449
90.000
15 2.80
63.823
16 2.72
64.197
76.90
17 2.64
64.570
BP
0
76.903
18 2.56
64.944
BPE
1.2
76.903
19 2.48
65.318
BPI
1.5
76.903
20 2.40
65.691
BPZ
4
76.903
21 2.32
66.065
22 2.24
66.439
23 2.16
66.813
24 2.08
67.186
25 2.00
67.560
26 1.92
67.934
27 1.84
68.307
28 1.76
68.681
29 1.68
69.055
30 1.60
69.429
31 1.52
69.802
32 1.44
70.176
33 1.36
70.550
34 1.28
70.923
35 1.20
71.297
36 1.12
71.671
37 1.04
72.045
38 0.96
72.418
39 0.88
72.792
40 0.80
73.166
41 0.72
73.539
42 0.64
73.913
43 0.56
74.287
44 0.48
74.661
45 0.40
75.034
46 0.32
75.408
47 0.24
75.782
48 0.16
76.155
49 0.08
76.529
50 0.00 76.9029

Page 5

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

58.217
58.591
58.965
59.338
59.712
60.086
60.459
60.833
61.207
61.581
61.954
62.328
62.702
63.075
63.449
63.823
64.197
64.570
64.944
65.318
65.691
66.065
66.439
66.813
67.186
67.560
67.934
68.307
68.681
69.055
69.429
69.802
70.176
70.550
70.923
71.297
71.671
72.045
72.418
72.792
73.166
73.539
73.913
74.287
74.661
75.034
75.408
75.782
76.155
76.529
76.903

0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

4.657 6.101
4.687 5.765
4.717 5.425
4.747 5.079
4.777 4.729
4.807 4.374
4.837 4.015
4.867 3.650
4.897 3.281
4.926 2.907
4.956 2.528
4.986 2.144
5.016 1.756
5.046 1.362
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
67.924 53.116

0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

4.657
4.687
4.717
4.747
4.777
4.807
4.837
4.867
4.897
4.926
4.956
4.986
5.016
5.046
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
67.924

Diagrams

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sheet 1 of 2

MTE= 24.98
MTLG= 0.00
MTLQ= 0.00
MTSG= 14.504
MTSQ= 14.50
MTW= 2.88

3250

4000

DIAGRAM
10MOMENT
20 30 40
50 60 70

WALL (M)

ULT. MT (KNM)

WALL GEOMETRY
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
4000

0
300
300
3250
3250
300
300
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1200
1200
1500
1500
4000
4000
0
0
0
0
0

0.00
0.06
0.12
0.18
0.24
0.30
0.35
0.41
0.47
0.53
0.59
0.65
0.71
0.77
0.83
0.89
0.94
1.00
1.06
1.12
1.18
1.24
1.30
1.36
1.42
1.48
1.53
1.59
1.65
1.71
1.77
1.83
1.89
1.95
2.01
2.07
2.12
2.18
2.24
2.30
2.36
2.42
2.48
2.54
2.60
2.66
2.71
2.77
2.83
2.89
2.95

3000

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

UTM= 82.52
82.52
0.00
0
0.06
0.0255
0.12
0.1021
0.18
0.2297
0.24
0.4084
0.30
0.6382
0.35
0.919
0.41
1.2508
0.47
1.6337
0.53
2.0677
0.59
2.5527
0.65
3.0888
0.71
3.6759
0.77
4.3141
0.83
5.0033
0.89
5.7436
0.94
6.535
1.00
7.3774
1.06
8.2708
1.12
9.2153
1.18
10.211
1.24
11.258
1.30
12.355
1.36
13.504
1.42
14.704
1.48
15.955
1.53
17.381
1.59
18.976
1.65
20.659
1.71
22.429
1.77
24.29
1.83
26.232
1.89
28.255
1.95
30.365
2.01
32.563
2.07
34.853
2.12
37.238
2.18
39.722
2.24
42.308
2.30
44.999
2.36
47.8
2.42
50.712
2.48
53.74
2.54
56.887
2.60
60.156
2.66
63.55
2.71
67.073
2.77
70.729
2.83
74.52
2.89
78.451
2.95
82.523

2000

YY= 2.95

DATA FOR DIAGRAMS II

2006 TCC

1000

Location

WALL (m m )

Project

BASE ( m m )

Page 6

80

90

Made by rc

Job No R

ade by rc

Diagrams

Job No R68
Date 5-Mar-15

000)*(BP-(VL/(B/1000)*(1-

0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

4.657
4.687
4.717
4.747
4.777
4.807
4.837
4.867
4.897
4.926
4.956
4.986
5.016
5.046
5.076
5.106
5.136
5.166
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
88.407

Page 7

ade by rc

Diagrams

Job No R68
Date 5-Mar-15

Page 8

Project
Location

Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc
Grid line 1

CRACK WIDTH CALCULATIONS

Made by rc

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:2005

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v3.5

WALL
MR=
As/bd=
X=
Ic=
STS=
ST1=
ST2=
Acr=
W=

m=

MR=
AsBB/bd=
X=
Ic=
STS=
ST1=
ST2=
Acr=
W=

m=

15.06
0.009
95.47
948749705
0.0007
0.0010
0.0002303
86.046864
0.14
0.0007

MIN SPACING=
MSBB=
MSBT=

15.06
0.0055
80.69
700256021
0.0006
0.0008
0.0003707
86.810337
0.08
0.0004

MR=
AsBT/bd=
X=
Ic=
STS=
ST1=
ST2=
Acr=
W=

m=

2006 TCC

364
558
558

ASreq = 932.14
ASBBreq 0.01
ASBTreq 246.03

15.06
0.0055
80.69
700256021
0.0003
0.0004
0.0003707
86.810337
0.0037
0.0000

Page 9

Job No R68
Date 5-Mar-15

fs = 148.35Asprov%= 0.8727
fs = 0.0025Asprov%= 0.5539
fs = 61.184Asprov%= 0.5539

Notes

Disclaimer
All advice or information from the British Cement Association and/or The Concrete Centre is
intended for those who will evaluate the significance and limitations of its contents and take
responsibility for its use and application. No liability (including that for negligence) for any
loss resulting from such advice or information is accepted by the BCA, TCC or their
subcontractors, suppliers or advisors.
Users should note that all TCC software and
publications are subject to revision from time to time and should therefore ensure that they
are in possession of the latest version.
This spreadsheet should be used in compliance with the accompanying publication 'User
Guide
RC
Spreadsheets:
v3'
available
from
The
Concrete
Bookshop,
Status of spreadsh This spreadsheet is shareware. It may be distributed freely, but may not be used for
commercial purposes until the user has registered with the TCC via
Public release version

The Concrete Bookshop.

Revision history RCC62 Retaining Wall.xls

Date

Version

20-Oct-08RCC62 v3.5
###

RCC62 v3.4

Action
Correction to line load actions at DESIGN!U67 & V67.
Correction to ST2 on !Crackwidth.

Cohesion reduction factor for sliding (to BS8002: clause

3.2.6) added at STABILITY!F40.
Improvement to base moment calculation method. Rankine
22-Apr-07 RCC62 v3.2
warning added for small heels.
v3 release. Page nos, User Guide and registration details
28-Jun-06 RCC62 v3.1
amended.
8-Oct-07 RCC62 v3.3

###

RCC62 v3.0

21-Oct-04RCC62 v2.3
###

RCC62 v2.2

Updated to 2005 versions of BS8110 & BS8666

Names of sides of base on DESIGN sheet changed from
"outside" and " inside" to "unloaded" and "loaded".
Correction when distance X to line load 0.

22-Jan-03 RCC62 v2.1

DETR logo replaced by DTI.

11-Oct-02RCC62 v2.0

Version 2 enhancements

### RCC62 v1.4

16-Jun-01 RCC62 v1.3

Data! Main graphic changed to jpeg

Crack width calculation to outer base amended
Buoyance option + notes added. Passive pressure reduction
15-Apr-01 RCC62 v1.2
factor rectified
Crack width w for top of inner base amended. Notes re crack
24-Mar-00RCC62 v1.1
widths and cracking added in DATA!
First public release.
6-Aug-99 RCC62 v1.0
Includes version comments

Page 10

Notes

Page 11

Notes

Concrete Centre is
s contents and take
negligence) for any
BCA, TCC or their
TCC software and
re ensure that they

g publication 'User
crete
Bookshop,

ut may not be used for

th the TCC via

Size (kB)
605
571
571
569
563
585
580
565
563
583
365
365
398
398
398

Page 12

Notes

Page 13

Notes

Page 14

Notes

Page 15