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BRITISH STANDARD
BS 4987-2:
1993
Incorporating
Amendment Nos. 1
and 2
Licensed Copy: Nga Pham, May 07, 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
BS 4987-2:1993
Licensed Copy: Nga Pham, May 07, 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
Amd. No.
Date
8158
March 1994
8361
Comments
BS 4987-2:1993
Contents
Committees responsible
Foreword
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Page
Inside front cover
ii
Scope
Definitions
Transport and delivery
Preparatory works at the laying site
Laying
Compaction
Application of coated grit
Opening to traffic
1
1
1
1
2
4
6
6
3
4
5
7
8
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List of references
7
8
BSI 10-1998
BS 4987-2:1993
Foreword
This Part of BS 4987 has been prepared under the direction of Technical
Committee B/510, Road materials. It supersedes BS 4987-2:1988, which is
withdrawn.
This edition introduces technical changes but it does not reflect a full review or
revision of the standard, which will be undertaken in due course.
The standard comprises two Parts:
Part 1: Specification for constituent materials and for mixtures;
Part 2: Specification for transport, laying and compaction.
The requirements and recommendations for transporting coated macadam
mixtures and for site work are covered by this Part of BS 4987. Guidance is given
on re-surfacing work including the covering of concrete and sett paving, and on
the use of tack coats where required.
Provision is made to measure compaction of certain types of macadam on the road
in terms of the percentage refusal density (PRD) as described in BS 598-104.
It has been assumed in the drafting of this Part of BS 4987 that the execution of
its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provision of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Licensed Copy: Nga Pham, May 07, 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
pages 1 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on
the inside front cover.
ii
BSI 10-1998
BS 4987-2:1993
1 Scope
This Part of BS 4987 specifies the requirements for
the transport, laying and compaction of coated
macadam mixtures complying with Part 1 of this
standard from the time that they leave the mixing
plant until they are placed on the road ready to
receive a superimposed layer or traffic. It also
includes requirements for preliminary work at the
laying site needed to ensure that the substrate is
ready to receive the coated macadam. The standard
does not include requirements for macadams
incorporating bitumen emulsion binders; for these
see BS 434. Neither does it specify inspection
procedures because these normally form part of
contractual requirements.
NOTE The titles of the publications referred to in this Part of
BS 4987 are listed on the inside back cover.
2 Definitions
4.3 Resurfacing
3.1 Transport
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3.2 Delivery
The macadam shall be delivered at a temperature
which enables the material to be compacted in
accordance with the requirements of clause 6.
NOTE For recommended suitable delivery temperatures
see Table 4.
BSI 10-1998
4.3.1 General
BS 4987-2:1993
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5 Laying
5.1 Operator
The laying operation shall be under the control of a
trained and experienced operator.
5.2 Laying in adverse conditions
5.2.1 Laying shall be suspended while free-standing
water is present on the surface to be covered.
NOTE Laying should be avoided as far as is practicable during
heavy rain, and if the wet weather threatens to be prolonged
laying of the coated macadam should be suspended.
BSI 10-1998
BS 4987-2:1993
5.5 Thickness
The nominal thickness of a layer and also the
minimum thickness of a layer at any point shall
comply with the thicknesses given for the material
in Table 1.
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Material description
BS 4987-1
reference
Nominal size
mm
7.7
7.6
7.5
8.2
7.2
7.4
7.1
7.3
8.1
6.1
6.5
6.4
5.2
6.2
6.3
5.1
3
6
6
10
10
10
14
14
20
20
20
28
28
40
40
40
Nominal layer
thickness
mm
15 to
20 to
20 to
30 to
30 to
30 to
35 to
40 to
45 to
45 to
50 to
70 to
70 to
75 to
95 to
90 to
25
25
30
35
35
35
55
55
60
75
80
100
100
105
140
150
Minimum thickness at
any point
mm
10
15
15
25
25
25
30
35
40
40
40
55
55
65a
80
80
BSI 10-1998
BS 4987-2:1993
Roadbase
25
Basecourse
13
Wearing course 7
25
13
10
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5.7 Joints
5.7.1 The following joints shall be made by cutting
back the edge to a vertical face that exposes the full
thickness of the layer, discarding all loosened
material and painting the vertical face completely
with a thin uniform coating of 50 or 70 penetration
hot bitumen, or cold applied thixotropic bitumen
compound of similar grade, before the adjacent
width is laid:
a) all transverse joints;
b) joints where the coated macadam abuts an
existing surface;
c) longitudinal joints for all wearing courses
containing penetration grade bitumen or high
viscosity tar binders.
All other joints (e.g. base and basecourse) shall be
treated in such a way as to ensure adequate
compaction and bonding.
6 Compaction
6.1 General
This standard encompasses a wide range of
mixtures which are laid in a variety of
circumstances and, consequently, the compaction
requirements have been subdivided according to the
scale and nature of the work:
a) requirements for the compaction of machine
laid coated macadam (see 6.2); or
b) requirements for the compaction of coated
macadam in hand laid and patching work
(see 6.3); or
c) requirements for end result compaction of
dense roadbase and dense basecourse macadam
(see 6.4) (this is appropriate only for machine laid
work on major road contracts).
NOTE The client should specify which of these alternatives is
required.
BSI 10-1998
BS 4987-2:1993
Licensed Copy: Nga Pham, May 07, 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
BSI 10-1998
Minimum rolling
temperature
C
60
75
105
C50 tar
C54 tar
C58 tar
60
60
70
BS 4987-2:1993
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8 Opening to traffic
Wearing course macadam shall not be opened to
traffic until it has been compacted and has cooled to
ambient temperature.
If coated macadams, other than wearing course
mixtures, are to be used as temporary running
surfaces, the skidding resistance shall be
maintained either by the choice of suitable
aggregate or by surface dressing.
NOTE Open textured basecourse macadams should not be used
as temporary running surfaces because of the risk of ingress of
dirt.
1) Available
RG11 6AU.
from Transport and Road Research Laboratory, Department of Transport, Old Wokingham Road, Crowthorne, Berks
BSI 10-1998
BS 4987-2:1993
Bitumen
Dense, close graded, medium
graded and fine graded
wearing courses
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Porous asphalt
Tar
Medium/close graded
Fine/close graded
Fine graded
Dense
Dense
Open graded and single course
Open graded and single course
Single course
NOTE
a
100 s/200 s
300 pen
Minimum temperature of
mixture in lorry within
30 min after arriaval on site
Minimum temperature
immediately prior to rolling
200 pena
75
100
110
50
80
85
100 pena
120
95
50 s
100 s/200 s
300 pen
200 pen
100/200 pen
60
85
95
110
40
65
75
85
C 30/34
C 38/42
C46
C 50/54
C 58
C 30/34
C 38/42
C 46
50
60
70
80
90
50
60
60
30
40
50
60
70
30
40
40
See Table 3 for temperatures of dense road base and basecourse macadams.
For slag macadam, temperatures 10 C lower than those recommended may be used.
BSI 10-1998
BS 4987-2:1993
m2/t
m2/t
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mm
20
20 to 27
18 to 24
25
17 to 22
15 to 19
30
14 to 17
13 to 15
35
12 to 16
11 to 13
40
12 to 15
10 to 12
45
10 to 13
9 to 11
50
9 to 12
8 to 10
60
8 to 10
7.0 to 8.5
65
7 to 10
6.0 to 7.5
75
7 to 8
5.0 to 6.5
100
4.5 to 6.0
4.0 to 5.0
The ranges given take into account the fact that the covering capacity per tonne is influenced by such
factors as the density of the aggregates, grading of aggregates, condition of substrate and final state of
compaction. These rates apply only when the accuracy of finish of the substrate is within the limits
recommended in the note to 4.2. On more irregular substrates, heavier rates of spread are to be expected.
Table 5 is given without implying obligation on any of the parties concerned.
BSI 10-1998
BS 4987-2:1993
List of references
BSI standards publications
BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION, London
Licensed Copy: Nga Pham, May 07, 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
BSI 10-1998
Licensed Copy: Nga Pham, May 07, 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
BSI
389 Chiswick High Road
London
W4 4AL
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