Descriptive Text

1. Definition of Descriptive
Descriptive is a text which say
what a person or a thing are
like.
2. Social Function of Descriptive
To describe and reveal a
particular person, place or thing.
3. Generic Structure of Descriptive
a. Identification: the
phenomenon to be
described.
b. Description:
describing the
phenomenon in parts,
qualities, or/and
characteristics.
to tell about the subject by
describing its features
without including personal
opinions. It describes a
specific subject rather
than a general group.
The factual description scaffold:
1. A general opening statement
in the first paragraph
a. This statement introduces
the subject of the description to
the audience.
b. It can give the audience brief
details about the when, where,
who,or what of the subject.
2. A series of paragraphs about
the subject:
a. Each paragraph usually
begins with a topic sentence.
b. The topic sentence previews

the details that will be

contained in the remainder of
the paragraph.
c. Each paragraph should
describe one feature of the
subject.
d. These paragraphs build the
description of the subject.
3. A conclusion paragraph
( optional )
The concluding pargraph
signals the end of the text.
4. Examples of factual description
texts include:
1. Descriptions of a particular
building
2. Descriptions of a specific
animal
3. Descriptions of a particular
place.
4. Descriptions of a specific
person.
5. Lexico Grammatical Features
Focus on specific
participants.
Use of Attributive (the)
Use of Identifying Processes.
Use of being/having verbs
Use of adjectives (epithet) ;
describing, numbering,
classifying
Use of simple present tense
Use of relating verbs
Use of thinking verbs
Use of feeling verbs
Use Adverbs
Topic sentences to begin
paragraphs and organise the
various aspects of
description.

Example of Descriptive Text:

MacQuarie University
Macquarie University is one of the largest universities in Australia. This year, in 2004, it
celebrates its 40th anniversary.
The university is located at the North Ryde Greenbelt, Sydney, where the New South
Wales government sets aside 135 hectares for the institution. In 1964, Macquarie area
was a rural retreat on the city fringe, but today the campus and its surroundings have
evolved beyond recognition. The North Ryde District has grown into a district of
intensive occupation anchored by a vibrant and growing university.
Blessed with a fortunate location and room to breathe, Macquarie can be proud of that
careful planning that retains and enrich the universitys most attractive natural features.
A pleasing balance between buildings and plating is evident across the campus. This
emphasis on the importance of landscape has created images of Macquarie as a place
that members of the university are most likely to pleasurably recollect.
One of the highlights of the landscape is the Mars Creek zone. It comprises landscaped
creek sides and valley floor, a grass amphitheatre, and artificial lake surrounded by
rocks and pebbles, native plants and eucalypts.
Today, a railway station is under construction. In three years1 time, Macquarie will be
the only university in Australia with a railway station on site. Macquarie is poised to be
the most readily accessible in Sydney region by rail and motorway, yet retaining its
beautiful site.

MacQuarie University
Identification
(Macquarie University adalah salah satu universitas terbesar di Australia. Tahun ini,
pada
tahun
2004,
merayakan
ulang
tahun
ke-40
nya.)
Description
(Universitas ini terletak di North Ryde Greenbelt, Sydney, di mana pemerintah New
South Wales menyisihkan 135 hektar bagi lembaga univeristas tersebut. Pada tahun
1964, daerah Macquarie merupakan retret pedesaan di pinggiran kota, tapi hari ini
kampus dan sekitarnya telah berkembang di luar harapan. Distrik North Ryde telah
tumbuh menjadi sebuah distrik kependudukan yang intensif yang tumbuh dari
perkembangan dan dinamisme universitas.)
(Diberkahi dengan lokasi yang menguntungkan dan adanya ruang terbuka untuk
bernapas, Macquarie bisa bangga dengan perencanaan yang matang tersebut yang
dipertahankan dan memperkaya ciri khas alami yang paling menarik dari
universitas tersebut. Keseimbangan yang menyenangkan antara bangunan dan
hiasan jelas di kampus. Penekanan pada pentingnya lanskap telah menciptakan
gambar Macquarie sebagai tempat bahwa anggota universitas akan sangat mungkin
mendapatkan
kesenangan)
(Salah satu yang menarik dari lanskap adalah Mars Creek zona. Ini terdiri dari sisi
taman sungai dan dasar lembah, sebuah amphitheater rumput, dan danau buatan
yang dikelilingi oleh batu dan kerikil, tanaman asli dan pohon eukaliptus.)
(Hari ini, sebuah stasiun kereta api sedang dibangun. Dalam waktu tiga tahun,
Macquarie akan menjadi satu-satunya universitas di Australia dengan stasiun kereta
api di sekitar lokasinya. Macquarie siap untuk menjadi univeristas yang paling
mudah diakses di wilayah Sydney oleh kereta api dan jalan tol, namun tetap
mempertahankan lokasi yang indah.)

Report Text
1. Definition of Report
Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is
as a result of systematic observation and analysis.
2. Social Function of Report
The purpose is presenting information about something. They generally
describe an entire class of things, whether natural or made: mammals,
the planets, rocks, plants, countries of region, culture, transportation, and
so on.
3. Generic Structure of Report
a. General classification: Stating classification of general aspect of thing;
animal, public place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general
b. Description: Describing the thing which will be discussed in detail; part
per part , customs or deed for living creature and usage for materials :
tells what the phenomenon under discussion ; in terms of parts,
qualities, habits or behaviors;
4. Gramatical Features of Report
a. Conditional logical connection; when, so, etc
b. Using simple present tense
c. Use of general nouns, eg hunting dogs, rather than particular nouns,
eg our dog;
d. Use of relating verbs to describe features, eg Molecules are tiny
particles;
e. Some use of action verbs when describing behaviour, eg Emus cannot
fly;
f. Use of timeless present tense to indicate usualness, eg Tropical
cyclones always begin over the sea;
g. Use of technical terms, eg Isobars are lines drawn on a weather map;
h. Use of paragraphs with topic sentences to organise bundles of
information; repeated naming of the topic as the beginning focus of the
clause.

Example of Report Text :

Thanksgiving Day
Thanksgiving or Thanksgiving Day is a celebration of harvest, thankfulness
for peace, and the attempt of Native Americans. It is usually celebrated in
late autumn.
In the past, Thanksgiving was celebrated for their rich harvest in New
England. In North America, however, it was originally held to thank God for
their survival in the new land which was not easy for them. However, in
Canada, it had been celebrated as in New England.
Thanksgiving now is celebrated in United States of America and in Canada.
Thanksgiving festivals are held every fourth Thursday of November in the U.S
and on the second Monday of October in Canada. It is usually celebrated in
four to five days in the North America and for three days in Canada.
It is celebrated through families and friends gathering to eat and give good
luck. Turkey is the main dish in the thanksgiving dinner. Thanksgiving
parades are also usually held. In Thanksgiving homes are decorated with
wreaths, fresh and dried flowers. Lamps are lighted to brighten the
environment. Tables are decorated with best china and antique silver dishes
to mark the occasion.

Descriptive Text

Report Text

Pengerti
an

Sebuah teks yang

memberikan penjelasan hal
yang lebih khusus

Sebuah teks yang

memberikan penjelasan hal
yang lebih umum

Contoh

Music Box

Music

Music boxes are small

instrument that play tunes
by themselves. The musicmaking parts of a music
box are a cylinder and a
row of metal teeth of
different lengths. A spring
or a set of wheels turns the
cylinder.

Music is sound put into

pleasing or interesting
patterns. People use music
for a part of ceremonies,
such as religious services,
parades, and weddings.
People also use music to
show their feelings and
ideas.

Tujuan

Untuk memberikan
informasi,
menggambarkan, atau
menjelaskan fenomena
khusus tentang berbagai
hal, baik masalah
lingkungan, pendidikan,
sosial, politik, budaya dan
sebagainya.

Untuk memberikan
informasi,
menggambarkan, atau
menjelaskan fenomena
umum tentang berbagai
hal, baik masalah
lingkungan, pendidikan,
sosial, politik, buday dan
sebagainya.

Struktur
Teks

Identification: berisi
informasi umum beserta
klasifikasinya.
Description :
Penjelasan lebih lanjut
tentang sifat, ciri, bentuk
dan penjelasan lainnya.
Menggunakan simple

Identification: berisi
informasi umum beserta
klasifikasinya.
Description :
Penjelasan lebih lanjut
tentang sifat, ciri, bentuk
dan penjelasan lainnya.

present

Menggunakan simple
present