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Tomorrow
you
w ill
be
participating
in
a
debate
on
t he
five
points
of
peace
detailed
in
the
Oslo
Accords
as
a
fictional
character
from
either
Israel
o r
the
Occupied
Territories.
In
p reparation,
it
is
important
to
figure
out
w hat
your
assigned
character
thinks
about
each
issue
so
you
will
be
ready
share
his
o r
her
opinions
with
your
classmates.
B elow
is
a
graphic
o rganizer
that
asks
you
to
indicate
your
characters
position
on
each
of
the
five
points
and
to
explain
exactly
w hy
he
o r
she
holds
such
beliefs.
In
order
to
answer
these
questions,
review
t he
descriptions
of
each
issue
(presented
on
this
page
and
the
n ext),
look
over
the
stances
taken
by
Israeli
and
Palestinian
negotiators
at
Oslo
(on
the
third
p age),
and,
if
still
unsure,
visit
the
w ebsite
that
is
indicated
on
your
character
card
as
it
has
a
wealth
of
background
information
about
your
p erson.
Issue
Characters
Position
Explanation
of
Position
(Why?)
Borders:
Borders
refers
not
only
to
drawn
lines
between
Israel
and
a
proposed
Palestinian
state,
but
how
to
best
secure
those
borders.
C haracters
with
Borders
as
a
priority
are
o ften
ones
who
live
along
borders,
defend
borders,
or
are
somehow
affected
by
the
drawing
of
political
lines.
Jerusalem:.
Jerusalem
is
a
major
point
of
contention
for
both
Israelis
and
Palestinians
because
of
the
citys
historical
and
religious
importance.
The
most
important
sites
in
Judaism
and
Christianity
are
located
there,
as
is
the
third
most
important
site
in
Islam.
Both
Palestinians
and
Israelis
want
full
control
of
t he
city,
with
religious
rights
for
all
w ho
live
t here.
There
have
been
proposals
to
separate
the
city
between
East
and
West,
as
w ell
as
to
make
Jerusalem
an
international
city
with
free
access
for
all
religions.
Issue
Resources
Resources
can
mean
many
things.
Water,
farmlands,
grazing
areas,
and
economic
zones
can
fall
under
Resources.
In
an
ideal
peace
agreement,
Israelis
and
Palestinians
would
have
enough
resources
to
become
self-sufficient
states.
Characters
Position
Settlements:
Settlements
are
areas
in
the
Occupied
Territories
that
are
controlled
by
Jewish
residents.
The
first
settlements
were
constructed
after
t he
1967
War
as
a
way
of
claiming
seized
Palestinian
and
Syrian
territories.
The
Oslo
discussions
centered
around
settlements
constructed
in
the
West
B ank
and
Gaza
Strip
specifically,
and
it
is
recognized
t hat
these
settlements
are
illegal
under
international
law.
However,
two
or
t hree
generations
of
Israel
citizens
have
lived
in
t he
oldest
of
these
settlements.
Refugees
:
Refugees
mainly
refers
to
Palestinian
refugees
living
o utside
of
Israel
and
the
Occupied
Territories,
though
t here
are
refugees
w ho
live
in
the
Occupied
Territories
as
well.
Many
of
t hese
people
w ere
displaced
during
t he
1948
and
1967
wars,
though
a
few
became
refugees
after
more
recent
conflicts.
Refugees
often
want
to
return
to
ancestral
lands
taken
by
Jewish
settlers,
making
t heir
situation
even
more
difficult
to
deal
with.
Palestinian
Position
The
Palestinians
insist
that
a
sovereign
state
is
their
right
as
a
people,
and
t hey
expect
that
state
to
comprise
all
of
t he
Palestinian
territories
conquered
in
1967,
including
East
Jerusalem,
w hich
they
regard
as
t heir
capital.
They
argue
that
the
Palestinians
made
their
territorial
compromise
at
Oslo,
by
accepting
the
principle
of
statehood
only
in
the
West
Bank
and
Gaza
as
opposed
to
the
entire
state
of
Israel
once
demanded
by
t he
PLO
and
t hey're
in
no
mood
to
be
talked
back
from
that
position.
Israeli
Position
While
B arak
accepts
the
inevitability
of
a
Palestinian
state,
his
p riority
is
ensuring
Israel's
security
a
Palestinian
nation
that
shares
borders
w ith
potentially
hostile
Arab
states
could
provide
a
lethal
military
advantage
for
Israel's
enemies.
Those
security
concerns
w ill
lead
Barak
to
limit
t he
territorial
scope
of
a
Palestinian
state
probably
by
seeking
to
maintain
an
Israeli
military
buffer
along
t he
Jordan
River
and
to
also
limit
the
scope
for
the
Palestinians'
development
of
t heir
own
army
and
the
extent
of
their
alliances
with
Israel's
enemies.
Barak
also
upholds
Israel's
exclusive
claim
on
Jerusalem,
and
wants
to
annex
those
parts
of
t he
West
Bank
that
are
heavily
populated
by
Israeli
settlers.
Israel
insists
that
Jerusalem
is
its
"eternal"
capital
(although
most
countries
maintain
their
embassies
in
Tel
Aviv)
and
that
the
city
w ill
remain
undivided
under
its
control,
w ith
rights
of
religious
access
guaranteed
to
all.