Info Tec GEA Chillers

Chillers with Screw- and Reciprocating compressors
Application Hints for Planners, Architects,

Plant Manufacturers and Installers
Technical Information
(Translation of the original text)
GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH
_396011_ti_sc_rc_gbr_5_.doc
28.02.2013
TECHNICAL INFORMATION
CHILLERS WITH SCREW- AND RECIPROCATING
COMPRESSORS
Application Hints for Planners, Architects, Plant Manufacturers and Installers
COPYRIGHT
All Rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be copied or published by means of printing, photocopying, microfilm or otherwise
without prior written consent of
herein after called manufacturer. This restriction also applies to the corresponding drawings and diagrams.
LEGAL NOTICE
This documentation has been written in all conscience. However, the manufacturer cannot be held responsible,
neither for any errors occurring in this documentation nor for their consequences.
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COMPRESSORS
PREFACE
Installing liquid chillers in the member states of the European Union
EN 378 requirements
European directives serve the requirements of machines, systems and services and favour a free turnover of
goods and services within the European Union. The Member States of the European Union are obliged to transfer
the contents of the directives into national law. So-called Harmonized Norms (EN) are published explaining the
requirements of the directives for the purpose of supporting and instigating the directives.
In the field of refrigeration technology, the Norm EN 378 is of particular relevance. In its four parts, the requirements for the safety of persons and property, as well as the local and global environment, are determined for stationary and mobile refrigerating systems and heat pumps of any size. This leaflet acquaints the reader with the EN
378 requirements for chillers and provides a general overview of the requirements placed upon both the system
installation and refrigerant selection.
In the Member States of the European Union, additional regulations may prevail (e.g. BGR 500/2.36 in Germany).
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
Application Hints for Planners, Architects, Plant Manufacturers and Installers .............................. 8
1.1
Machinery room (acc. to EN 378: Special Machinery Rooms) ........................................... 8
1.2
Refrigerant classes ............................................................................................................ 8
1.3
Installation areas ............................................................................................................... 8
1.4
Examples of machinery room arrangements ...................................................................... 9
1.5
Installation in buildings ..................................................................................................... 10
1.6
Refrigerant fill up quantities based on the installation location of the equipment
[EN 378-1:2012-08; Appendix C] ..................................................................................... 11
1.7
Practical Limits for different refrigerants ........................................................................... 13
1.8
Comparison between Ammonia systems and refrigerating systems with A1-refrigerant
charges............................................................................................................................ 13
1.9
Chillers using ammonia as a cooling medium. ................................................................. 14
1.10
Requirements for the hydraulic circuit .............................................................................. 15
1.10.1 Application: Chiller in the consumer circuit ......................................................... 15
1.10.2 Application: Cooling Medium Circuit ................................................................... 18
1.11
Remote condenser .......................................................................................................... 19
1.12
Water quality requirements, parameters .......................................................................... 24
1.13
Use of filters..................................................................................................................... 25
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TABLE OF FIGURES
fig. 1: Machinery room arrangement, example 1 .................................................................................... 9
fig. 2: Machinery room arrangement, example 2 .................................................................................... 9
fig. 3: location on 1st basement floor .................................................................................................... 10
fig. 4: location on 1st basement floor .................................................................................................... 10
fig. 5: location on upper floor ................................................................................................................ 11
fig. 6: Hydraulic circuit with dual circuit buffer tank ............................................................................... 15
fig. 7: Blocking the external vapour condenser. .................................................................................... 19
fig. 8: Blocking the external air cooled condenser ................................................................................ 20
fig. 9: Blocking the external air cooled condenser for oil cooling via a separate refrigerant circuit. ....... 21
fig. 10: Thermosyphone oil circuit......................................................................................................... 22
fig. 11: Corrosion resistance in presence of chlorides .......................................................................... 25
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1
APPLICATION HINTS FOR PLANNERS, A R C H IT E C T S , P L A N T MANUFACTURERS

AND INSTALLERS
1.1
Machinery room (acc. to EN 378: Special Machinery Rooms)
Room only used for installation of the entire chiller or parts of the chiller. It is only accessible for maintenance and
repair of the chiller by authorized personnel [EN 378-1:2012-08; 3.2.2].
1.2
Refrigerant classes
Refrigerant is classified according to flammability and toxicity. The following table provides an overview of the
refrigerant classes used in chillers.
See also EN 378-1:2012-08; Appendix E.
Refrigerant class
Safety group
1.3
Refrigerant
A1
R134a, R404A, R407C,R410A, R507A
B2
R717
Installation areas
The installation areas for chillers are divided into three areas. These installation classes are classified according
to the corresponding safety requirements.
Class A
Presence of persons of uncontrolled number (e.g. public buildings, hospitals, dwelling houses, theatres, supermarkets, schools, hotels, etc.)
Class B
Presence of persons of limited number some of them are acquainted with the special conditions and the general safety requirements (e.g. office- and business buildings, laboratories, rooms for general manufacture and
work)
Class C
Rooms and buildings to which only authorized persons are granted access (e.g. production buildings, cold
stores, dairies, slaughterhouses, non-public areas of supermarkets) [EN 378-1:2012-08; 4.2.4]
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1.4
Examples of machinery room arrangements
fig. 1:
Machinery room arrangement, example 1
fig. 2:
Machinery room arrangement, example 2
The installation of an entry to the machinery room only from outside (Image 1) or the installation of an airlock (Image 2) shall help prevent direct access to the machinery room. The selection of this arrangement allows all the
other parts of the building to shift into Class C.
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1.5
Installation in buildings
location on 1st basement floor

Thanks to the separate entrance to the machinery room in this hotel (Image 3) the installation will be made in
another Class 3 area with unlimited filling quantities. The basement levels will also not have any limits, if all other
requirements are met for machinery rooms.
See also EN 378-1:2012-08; 3.2 and Appendix C as well as EN 378-1:2012-08; 4.2.
fig. 3:
location on 2nd basement floor

In Image 4 the machinery room has not separate entrance. Hence, the room with access to the machinery room
may be occupied solely by authorized instructed personnel in accordance with installation area class C EN 378.
fig. 4:
10
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location on upper floor
The machinery room has a separate access via the staircase and solely authorized personnel are granted access.
Hence, the location in figure 5 again complies with class C EN 378 -1:2008-06 without restrictions concerning the
charge.
fig. 5:
1.6
location on upper floor
Refrigerant fill up quantities based on the installation location of the equipment

[EN 378-1:2012-08; Appendix C]
The evaporator in the chiller cools the liquid cooling agent in a closed system. It thus has on direct contact with
the cooling agent. Thus the chiller has its cooling agent constantly in an indirect system in accordance with EN
378-1:2012-08; 4.1.3.
The following table is an excerpt from Table C.1 of 378-1:2012-08; Appendix C, the filling levels apply to the indirect system.
Refrigerant
class
A1
Installation area
Class A
General installation area
Class B
Monitored installation area
Installation site
Charge
no machinery room
< PGW x V
Compressor and liquid receiver in a

machinery room without access for
personnel or outside
no restriction
all refrigerant-containing parts in

machinery room with no personnel
access or in the open
no restriction
no machinery room
In the lower or upper floor without

1
sufficient emergency exits: < PGW
2
x V Otherwise no limits
1 PGW practical limitations [kg/m3], see EN 378-1:2012-08; Appendix F3 and Appendix E

2 V: Room volume [m3]
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COMPRESSORS
Refrigerant
class
Installation area
and
Class C
Installation areas
which only permitted individuals
can access
Class A
General installation area
B2
Class B
Monitored installation area
Installation site
Charge

no restriction

no restriction
independent of installation site
no restriction
no machinery room
< PGW x V

< PGW x V

no restriction, if no direct connection

to class A and B areas and exit to
the outdoors exists
no machinery room
10 kg

no restriction, no direct connection

to occupied areas

no restriction, no direct connection

to occupied areas
no machinery room
50 kg with max. 1 person/10 m

surface and sufficient emergency
exits, otherwise 10 kg

no restriction

no restriction
Class C
Installation areas
which only permitted individuals
can access
12
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1.7
Practical Limits for different refrigerants
The highest refrigerant concentration in an area where personnel are present, which do not require acute measure for an escape are defined in accordance with EN 378-1:2012-08; Appendix F.3.1 as practical limit (kg refrigerant / m room volume).
Refrigerant
Refrigerant class
Practical limit according to EN 378-1-1:2012-08

Appendix tables E.1, E.2 and E.3
R134a
A1
0,25 kg/m
R404A
A1
0,48 kg/m
R407C
A1
0,31 kg/m
R410A
A1
0,44 kg/m
R507A
A1
0,49 kg/m
R717
B2
0,00035 kg/m
1.8
Comparison between Ammonia systems and refrigerating systems with A1-refrigerant

charges
General requirements
A1
NH3
Pressure release equipment on every pressurized basis [EN 378-2:201208; 6.2.6.2 Image1 - Part B]
required
required
Display equipment for the use of pressure release equipment of more than
300 kg cooling medium filling levels [EN 378-2:2012-08; 6.2.6.5]
required
required
Pressure release in the refrigeration equipment [EN 378-2:2012-08; 6.2.6.2]
required
required
may blow into the

machinery room,
if the practical
limits in EN 3781:2012-08; Table
E.1 are not exceeded
free of danger
outside or into
an absorption
device
required
required
Blow-off line after the pressure release equipment [EN 378-2:2012-08;

6.2.6.6 d)]
Use of a type approved pressure limiter and a second parallel electrically

series-connected type approved safety pressure limiter with pressure release device for the compressor with a total volume flow > 25 l/s [EN 3782:2012-08; 6.2.6.2 Image 1 - Part B]
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COMPRESSORS
Requirements when locating the refrigerating system in a machinery room
A1
NH3
required
required
Machinery room ventilation [EN 378-3:2012-08; 5.16
required
required
Monitoring of refrigerant leaks through detectors [EN 378-3:2012-08; 7.1]

and alarm activation when the practical limit is exceeded (see "practical
5
limits for various cooling mediums") [EN 378:2012-08; 7.3; 8]
required
Provision of personal safety equipment [EN 378-3:2012-08; Appendix A2]
required
required
Provision of respiratory protective devices with filter (full face mask) or selfcontained breathing apparatus [[EN 378-3:2012-08; A.2 and A.3]
required
required
Installation of a remote shut down switch for the equipment (Emergency

OFF) outside of the machinery room near the door, in addition to that in the
machinery room [EN 378-3:2012-08; 5.1f) and 5.8]
]34
required
Installation of an emergency body shower and an eye shower [EN 3783:2012-08; A.3.4]
not required
required
Detectors in cooling and heating agent circuits [EN 378-3:2012-08; 8.7]
not required
required
1.9
Chillers using ammonia as a cooling medium.
In general damage to the evaporator/condenser (e.g. plate fracture) creates the danger that he media will mix.
It may cause ammonia to flow to the liquid side of the heat exchanger.
Caution!
It creates the danger of mixing of media.
To prevent subsequent damage to the hydraulic system, measures need to be taken on the building die. They
may take the form of:
3 The machinery room needs to be equipped with a mechanical ventilation system, which can be switched on and off outside of the machinery
room [EN 378-3:2012-08; 5.1g)]
4 The mechanical ventilation needs to be activated by refrigerant detectors when the lower alarm limit is reached, when the ventilation fails an
alarm needs to be set off. [EN 378-3:2012-08; 5.16.3]
5 he mechanical ventilation needs to be activated by refrigerant detectors when the lower alarm limit is reached, when the ventilation fails an
alarm needs to be set off. [EN 378-3:2012-08; 5.16.3]
6 In ammonia refrigeration equipment the lower limit is 500 ppm (V/V); the upper limit 30,000 ppm (V/V) [EN 378-3:2012-08; 8.7]
7 when filling >1000 kg ammonia [EN 378-3:2012-08; Appendix A.3.4]
8 when filling >500 kg ammonia
14
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1. Separator heat exchangersin glycol systems with copper piping.
Should a copper heat exchanger be installed in the cooling agent circuit and the chiller operate using ammonia as the cooling medium, then a double indirect system can be installed (see also EN 378-1:2012; 4.4.2.4).
It means that an additional heat exchanger is installed between the cooling agent flowing to the chiller and the
cooling agent consumer circuit to assure hydraulic decoupling.
Only then will it be possible to prevent the cooling agent from entering the cooling agent consumer circuit and
prevent any subsequent damage in the event of a leak in the condenser/heat exchanger in the chiller.
2. or
NH3-sensors in the pipe system close behind the heat exchangers.
Ammonia sensors need to be installed in the piping system near the outlet from the heat exchanger/evaporator, which will detect the presence of ammonia in the cooling agent solution.
1.10 Requirements for the hydraulic circuit

The use of plate heat exchangers as evaporators or condensers requires uncontaminated cooling agents and
cooling media.
Generally closed systems are selected for the refrigerant circuit (evaporator). The cooling agent needs to free of
fine particles > 0.9 mm at the inlet to the heat exchanger.
To ensure this media quality even under difficult conditions, an appropriate filter may need to be installed on site
at the inlet to the heat exchanger.The mesh in such filters needs to be 0.9mm.
Should the chiller remain in operations through filter cleaning, then double filters need to be installed. Pressure
loss due the filter need to taken into consideration when configuring the pump.
1.10.1 Application: Chiller in the consumer circuit
fig. 6:
Hydraulic circuit with dual circuit buffer tank
Chiller
Primary circuit- cooling agent pump, chiller circuit
Filter
Check valve primary circuit-cooling agent pump; only needed if more than one chiller is available on the production side
Storage tank, hydraulic deviation
Safety valve cooling agent circuit
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15
COMPRESSORS
7
Compensating ring refrigerant circuit
Automatic venting refrigerant circuit
Filling valve refrigerant circuit
10
Secondary circuit- refrigerant pump, consumer circuit
11
Consuming devices
Requirements for the hydraulic circuit
A reservoir is installed between the generator and consumer (double-pipe connection). Circuit corresponds to
diagram.
The hydraulic spur shall be designed to assume the function of a storage tank/ stratefied storage tank. Tank
volume VTank shall be determined as follows:
Q0 min
minimum cooling capacity for the chiller
[kW]
KT
Refrigerant density
[kg/m]
cp KT
Specific heat of the refrigerant
[kJ/kg K]
neutral zone for controller
[K]
The ascertained tank volume may be reduced by the volume of the primary refrigerant circuit (chiller heat exchanger of the incoming and outgoing refrigerant lines).
The required volume of the stratified storage tank in the cold water circuit with start-up temperatures of 1C shall
be expanded by 50%!
To form a decent temperature stratification care should be taken so that the charging and discharging of the cooling agent is carried out horizontally in the tank, immediately on the tank floor or the below the tank top. The inflow
velocity in the tanks needs to be < 0.1m/s.
The primary circuit cooling agent pump runs with constant volume flows.
The swept volume in the primary circuit pump equals that of the secondary circuit pump.
Should several chillers be run parallel on consumer circuit the following shall also apply in addition to that above:
All chillers (cooling generators) shall be have their hydraulic run in parallel, the pressure losses are the same.
To calculate the minimum tank volume VTank the minimum cooling capacity for the large chiller shall be used:
Q0 min
minimum cooling capacity for the largest chiller
[kW]
KT
Refrigerant density
[kg/m]
cp KT
Specifica heat of the refrigerant
[kJ/kg K]
neutral zone for controller
[K]
16
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In this case the following shall also apply:
The ascertained tank volume may be reduced by the volume of the primary refrigerant circuit (chiller heat exchanger of the incoming and outgoing refrigerant lines).
The required volume of the stratified storage tank in the cold water circuit with start-up temperatures of 1C shall
be expanded by 50%!
To form a decent temperature stratification care should be taken so that the charging and discharging of the cooling agent is carried out horizontally in the tank, immediately on the tank floor or the below the tank top. The inflow
velocity in the tanks needs to be < 0.1m/s.
Each chillers has its own cooling agent pump, which operate with a constant volume flow.
Volume flow for the FKS cooling agent pump 1 to n
i = 1.... n
i
= 1 to n
8 = maximum number of chillers
Q0i
Cooling capacity for the chiller
[kW]
Refrigerant density
[kg/m]
cp
Specific heat of the Cooling agent
[kJ/kg K]
t Project
Temperature difference inlet-outlet cooling agent, project
[K]
The swept volumes in the cooling agent circuit based on the cooling capacity of each chiller needs to be the
same, i.e. pumps with the same capacity need to be used for chillers of the same type.
The total swept volume in the consumer circuit is the total volume in the generator circuit.
Total swept volume consumer circuit
On the building side assurance needs to be made that uncontaminated cooling agent flow through the evaporator. The cooling agent needs to be free of particles >0.9mm at the inlet to the evaporator. To make sure that
this media quality is provided an appropriate filter needs to be installed on the building side.
The mesh for such a filter needs to be 0.9mm.
Should the chiller need to remain in operation during filter cleaning, double filters need to be used.
Pressure loss through the filter need to be taken into consideration on the building side when designing the
pump circuit.
In addition to inspection for mechanical contamination the cooling agent needs to be specifically examined for
chloride. Depending on the plate material (see documentation) the chloride levels in the "Requirements for
water quality, limits" chapter can be tolerated.
28.02.2013
17
COMPRESSORS
1.10.2 Application: Cooling Medium Circuit
Cooling medium circuits server to supply the chiller condenser.
In an open circuit the cooling medium is re-cooled via an open heat exchanger. In doing so the cooling medium
has direct and intense contact with the ambient air.
In closed systems the cooling medium does not come into direct contact with the ambient air.
In closed and particularly in open systems assurance needs to be made that uncontaminated cooling media flow
through the evaporator on the building side. The cooling medium needs to be free of particles >0.9mm at the inlet
to the evaporator. To make sure that this media quality is provided an appropriate filter needs to be installed on
the building side.
The mesh for such a filter needs to be 0.9mm!
Should the chiller need to remain in operation during filter cleaning, double filters need to be used.
Pressure loss through the filter need to be taken into consideration on the building side when configuring the
pump.
In addition to inspection for mechanical contamination the cooling medium needs to be specifically examined for
chloride. Depending on the plate material (see documentation) the chloride levels in the "Requirements for water
quality, limits" chapter can be tolerated.
18
28.02.2013
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1.11 Remote condenser

Should a chiller with external condenser be shut down when the outside temperatures are very low (outside temperature < machine temperature), then cooling medium may collect in the condenser. The low outside temperatures keep the condensation in the condenser.
Upon start-up the compressor will not have enough refrigerant on the suction side. It will not be able to pump
enough, build up pressure and thus press the refrigerant out of the condenser. Suction pressure will then fall creating suction pressure disruptions.
Caution!
Block the inlet and outlet of the condenser during shut-down. It prevents liquid refrigerant from
collecting in the condenser and thus avoid functional disruptions.
Blocking the external vapour condenser.
fig. 7:
Blocking the external vapour condenser.
Refrigerant inlet - condenser
Refrigerant outlet - condenser
= Hmin + 0.5m
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19
COMPRESSORS
Blocking the external air cooled condenser
fig. 8:
Blocking the external air cooled condenser
= Hmin + 0,5m
20
28.02.2013
COMPRESSORS
Blocking the external air cooled condenser for oil cooling via a separate refrigerant circuit.
fig. 9:
Blocking the external air cooled condenser for oil cooling via a separate refrigerant circuit.
Oil cooling - refrigerant inlet
Oil cooling - refrigerant outlet
= Hmin + 0,5m
Motor driven valve inlet condenser (1) and motor driven valve outlet condenser (2), and additional for suggestion
3 motor driven valve refrigerant inlet (3) and motor driven valve refrigerant outlet (4), are controlled depending on
compressor operation and ambient outside temperature.
Compressor ON
Motor valves OPEN
Compressor stopping
and
Outside temperature < set value
Motor valves CLOSED
Hint!
In this control mode (see images 7, 8 and 9) a feedback signal from the motor driven valves is
required.
28.02.2013
21
COMPRESSORS
Oil cooling using the thermosyphone principal
Hint!
Please find on the following page the minimal required heights of the condenser for thermosyphon oil cooling and adhere to it!
For the calculation of the minimal height Hmin take into consideration the entire pressure loss p in the circuit
Condenser Receiver - Condenser via pipes, fittings, valves, condenser and receiver.
Hmin p / x g
p - pressure loss in Pa
- density of the refrigerant
g - gravity
The vapour return line of the oil cooler (6) must be connected as close as possible to the condenser inlet (see
Figure).
fig. 10: Thermosyphone oil circuit
Hot gas
External condenser (air cooled or. evaporator)
Cooled oil
Hot oil
Liquid ammonia
Pipe 2 (vapour line)
22
28.02.2013
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7
Pipe 1 (liquid line)
Required height difference of condenser
065
Stop valve oil cooler
090
Stop valve oil charge and oil drain
200
Refrigerant cooled oil cooler
205
Thermosyphon sight glass
210
Oil drain
215
Thermostatic 3-way-valve
220
Stop valve - bypassing oil cooler
2400
HP-receiver
2405
Vent valve
Safety valve connection
Approximate values for the required height difference between HP receiver and condenser
Pressure loss of condenser
(in Pa)
minimal required height difference

(in m)
5,000
0.9
10,000
1.9
20,000
3.7
30,000
5.5
40,000
7.3
50,000
9.1
Recommended velocities
Liquid line
Pipe 1 (7)
0.3 ... 0.8 m/s
Vapour line
Pipe 2 (6)
2.0 ... 6.0 m/s
Hint!
Additional fittings (valves) and longer pipework in lines 1 or 2 will increase the height difference.
The vapour line, pipe 2 (6), needs to be constantly ascending above the inlet for the condenser.
No dead ends may be created!
28.02.2013
23
COMPRESSORS
1.12 Water quality requirements, parameters
All water bearing components of GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH give an optimum performance and maximum
protection from corrosion, if you meet all recommended limiting values of VDI 3803 issue 2010-02 (Tab. B3) for
non-corrosive water and adequate water conditioning.
Hint!
If you dont meet following rules for limiting values of non-corrosive water GEA Refrigeration
Germany GmbH can not give warranty for water contacted components.
All components are designed for use with non-corrosive water. Water and glycol brine analysis
is essential in protecting system components. Analyses prior to start up will prevent corrosion.
Following are shown required limiting values of VDI 3803, for use of carbon steel components in non corrosive
water systems.
Appearance
clear, without sediments
Colour
colourless
Odour
without
pH-level at 20C
7.5 - 9.0
Electrical conductivity
LF
2+
2+
mS/m
< 220
mol/m
< 0.5
Soil alkali
Ca , Mg
General hardness, for stabilization
GH
< 20
Carbonate hardness without hardness stabilizer
KH
<4
Chloride
Cl
g/m
< 150
Sulphur
SO4
g/m
< 325
Active biological components
KBE
per ml
< 10,000
Thickness factor
EZ
2-4
The use of carbon steel and cast iron required in the most of applications water conditioning with corrosion inhibitors.
The use of stainless steel requires very special monitoring of water in apply to Chloride contents (risk of stress
crack and pitting corrosion).
Hint!
Recommend for use fo plate heat exchangers in refrigerant circuit
< 100 ppm Cl for the use of 1.4301 and maximum 40C wall temperatures in the plate heat exchanger.
< 200 ppm Cl for the use of 1.4401 and maximal 100C wall temperature in the plate heat exchanger.
24
28.02.2013
COMPRESSORS
fig. 11: Corrosion resistance in presence of chlorides
Hint!
Manufacturer recommendation: Use uncontaminated cooling agents and cooling media, in particular in chillers and the use of plate heat exchangers.
The media quality needs to be assured through an appropriate filter on the inlet to the heat exchanger. The mesh of such filters needs to be 0.9mm!
Should the chiller remain in operations through filter cleaning, then double filters need to be
installed. Pressure loss due the filter need to taken into consideration when designing the
pump configuration.
GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH recommends enlisting the services of a reputable water conditioning company.
1.13 Use of filters

Caution!
To protect the heat exchanger (evaporator/condenser), the chillers with a water cooled condenser filters need to use a filter with a mesh no greater than 0.9mm in the cooling agent circuit.
Installations without filters may impair the orderly function of the chiller and in addition cause
significant damage to the equipment. Such damage is not covered by the the GEA Refrigeration
Germany GmbH guarantee.
28.02.2013
25
GEA Refrigeration Technologies

Holzhauser Strasse 165 13509 Berlin Germany
Phone +49 30 43 592 6 Fax +49 30 43 592 777
gea-refrigeration.de@geagroup.com
www.gearefrigeration.com

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Chillers with Screw- and Reciprocating compressors

Application Hints for Planners, Architects,

(Translation of the original text)

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH

APPLICATION HINTS FOR PLANNERS, A R C H IT E C T S , P L A N T MANUFACTURERS

Machinery room (acc. to EN 378: Special Machinery Rooms)

R134a, R404A, R407C,R410A, R507A

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH

Examples of machinery room arrangements

Machinery room arrangement, example 1

Machinery room arrangement, example 2

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH

location on 1st basement floor

location on 1st basement floor

location on 2nd basement floor

location on 1st basement floor

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH

location on upper floor

Refrigerant fill up quantities based on the installation location of the equipment

Compressor and liquid receiver in a

all refrigerant-containing parts in

In the lower or upper floor without

1 PGW practical limitations [kg/m3], see EN 378-1:2012-08; Appendix F3 and Appendix E

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH

Compressor and liquid receiver in a

all refrigerant-containing parts in

independent of installation site

Compressor and liquid receiver in a

all refrigerant-containing parts in

no restriction, if no direct connection

Compressor and liquid receiver in a

no restriction, no direct connection

all refrigerant-containing parts in

no restriction, no direct connection

50 kg with max. 1 person/10 m

Compressor and liquid receiver in a

all refrigerant-containing parts in

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH

Practical Limits for different refrigerants

Practical limit according to EN 378-1-1:2012-08

Comparison between Ammonia systems and refrigerating systems with A1-refrigerant

Pressure release in the refrigeration equipment [EN 378-2:2012-08; 6.2.6.2]

may blow into the

Blow-off line after the pressure release equipment [EN 378-2:2012-08;

Use of a type approved pressure limiter and a second parallel electrically

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH

Machinery room ventilation [EN 378-3:2012-08; 5.16

Monitoring of refrigerant leaks through detectors [EN 378-3:2012-08; 7.1]

Provision of personal safety equipment [EN 378-3:2012-08; Appendix A2]

Installation of a remote shut down switch for the equipment (Emergency

Detectors in cooling and heating agent circuits [EN 378-3:2012-08; 8.7]

Chillers using ammonia as a cooling medium.

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH

1.10 Requirements for the hydraulic circuit

Hydraulic circuit with dual circuit buffer tank

Primary circuit- cooling agent pump, chiller circuit

Storage tank, hydraulic deviation

Safety valve cooling agent circuit

GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH