School of

Airport Emergency
Services
Contents
Singapore Aviation Academy

School of Airport Emergency Services

Programmes
Bulk Fuel Installations Fire Management Workshop

Dangerous Goods Inspector

Emergency Management Workshop

Fire Investigation Workshop

Fire Safety Inspection Workshop

Fire Safety Management Workshop

Hazardous Materials Operations

10

Military Aircraft Rescue and Fire-fighting

11

Operational Fire Command and Control

12

Senior Fire Officer

13

Strategies and Tactics in Internal Fire-fighting

14

Advanced Airport Fire-fighter

15

Airport Fire Officer

16

Aviation Fire-fighting Foam Evaluation

17

Basic Airport Fire-fighter

18

Breathing Apparatus Maintenance

19

Breathing Apparatus Operations

20

Confined Space and Structural Rope Rescue

21

Foam Tender Operations and Defensive Driving Workshop

22

Incident Command and Control Workshop

23

Strategies and Tactics for Hazardous Materials Incident Management Workshop

24

Practical Approach to Training

Singapore Aviation Academy

The Singapore Aviation Academy (SAA) is the training arm of the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore
(CAAS). An internationally-recognised aviation training institute, SAA offers a wide range of operational and
management programmes that benchmark international standards and best practices to meet the training
needs of the global aviation community. Besides building resources and competencies for the aviation
industry, it also serves as an international platform for the sharing of knowledge and experiences through its
conferences and forums. Since its establishment in 1958, SAA has trained over 52,000 participants from
190 countries.
As a centre of excellence for aviation learning and thought leadership, the Academy constantly keeps pace
with developments in international civil aviation and offers new programmes on current topical issues.

School of Airport Emergency Services

The School of Airport Emergency Services provides training in aircraft rescue, fire protection
and emergency management for aviation and related industries. Participants gain first-hand
experience in handling emergencies through the use of advanced simulators and true-tolife simulated exercises.

The School provides highly practical and personalised training. Practical training consisting of hands-on, true-to-life simulated
exercises are conducted by practicing rescue and fire-fighting professionals. Class size is kept small to ensure personalised attention
and safety at all times during training. Renowned overseas and local experts are regularly invited to lecture on specialised subjects to
provide participants with insights on the latest trends and developments on airport emergency planning, tactical skills and techniques
in fire-ground leadership.

Customised Facilities
A comprehensive range of fire simulators is designed to fully train and test fire-fighting and safety skills of participants. The
simulators are maintained at a dedicated fire training ground where participants undergo true-to-life simulated exercises involving
undercarriage fires, internal aircraft fires, fires at fuel installations, vertical fire wall and flashover fires. The Airport Foam Tender
Driving Simulator with a motion platform is able to generate various emergency scenarios such as aircraft fires or crashes to enhance
realism in training.
To provide rescue training in various realistic environments, Controlled-environment Breathing Apparatus Simulator and Confined
Space Simulator are used. The School also houses a fully-equipped fire station, with two large foam tenders and a rapid intervention
vehicle, capable of staging full-scale aircraft crash response exercises.

Customised Training

Cancellation Policy

In addition to regular courses, customised training programmes are also developed to

meet specific user requirements for training in various aspects of planning, operations
and management.

Cancellation notice must be given at

least two weeks before the training
commences, otherwise only 25 percent of
the fees will be refunded. No refund will
be granted in the event that the Academy
is not notified or the cancellation is made
on or after programme commencement.
Substitution of participants may be
granted with the Academys approval.

Application and Registration

Participants are required to complete application forms for courses and workshops and
registration forms for conferences and seminars. Online application and registration
are also available on the Academys website.
Application/registration forms and fees should be submitted at least four weeks before
the programme commences or by the stipulated closing date for special programmes.
Remittance of fees can be made by telegraphic transfer, credit card or bankdraft
together with the submission of the application/registration form.
Organisations who submit three or more registrations at the same time and with the
same billing source are entitled to the following group discounts:

Three to six : 10%

Seven to nine : 15%

Ten or more : 20%

Accommodation and
Transportation
Participants are usually accommodated
at nearby hotels or other hotels which
provide transport to and from the
Academy. The Academy is also easily
accessible by public transport. Requests
for assistance in hotel reservations from
participants are welcome.

Bulk Fuel Installations Fire Management Workshop

Dangerous Goods Inspector

OBJECTIVES

OBJECTIVES

This workshop provides essential knowledge on fuel farm facilities and the related safety requirements. Participants will learn
techniques and procedures for safe fire-fighting in fuel farm facilities and gain practical experience in applying fire-fighting
techniques learned. Participants will also learn to develop an emergency plan and incident management system for fuel farm fire.

This course provides participants with crucial information and knowledge on rules and regulations specified in the International
Air Transport Association (IATA)s Dangerous Goods Regulations based on the International Civil Aviation Organizations Technical
Instruction for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air. The course also prepares participants to be competent inspectors in
monitoring aviation shippers and operators safe handling and transportation of dangerous goods by air.

OUTLINE

OUTLINE

Fuel Farm Facilities and Fire Safety

Requirements

- Personal protective equipment

- Foaming agents

- Fuel tank fire-fighting

Practical Exercises

Fuel Farm Emergency Planning

Technical Visits to Changi Airport

Fuel Hydrant Installation and Fuel
Tank Farm

- Storage tank designs

- Incident command and management

system

- Risk assessment and resource

management

- Flange valve fire-fighting

- Development of a fire emergency plan

- Foam monitor operations

- Safety precautions

- Fire concepts and behaviours

- Fuel farm fire-fighting tactics,
techniques and strategies

Fire-fighting Training
- Hose layout techniques

- Hazards to responders

- Facilities and fire protection systems

Fire-fighting Principles and
Procedures

- Properties of LPG and CNG

- Fire-fighting equipment

Safety Considerations in Liquefied

Petroleum Gas (LPG)/Compressed
Natural Gas (CNG) Storage Tank/
Facility

- Standard operating procedures

Critical Information on Dangerous

Goods

Shippers Declaration

- Overview of IATAs rules and

regulations

Air Waybill Completion

Radioactive Materials

State and Operator Variations

Checking Procedures

General Handling and Loading

Process

Government Agencies Regulations

Classification and Identification

Applicability and Limitation

Packing Requirements

Marking and Labelling

Documentation

Guidance on Dangerous Goods

Inspections
- Detecting undeclared and/or
improperly declared dangerous goods

Practical Exercises on Dangerous

Goods Inspection

Assessment Exercises on Dangerous

Goods Inspection

- Fire safety rules and policies

- Case studies on past incidents

WHO SHOULD ATTEND

DURATION

WHO SHOULD ATTEND

DURATION

Operational personnel with fire safety and prevention responsibilities who are
involved in emergency rescue operations from civil aviation administrations, airport
authorities/operators, civil defence organisations, municipal fire brigades, oil-refining,
petrochemical and manufacturing industries.

5 days

Aviation personnel who are involved in dangerous goods inspections from civil aviation
authorities, airport authorities/operators, airport rescue and fire-fighting services as well
as airlines.

6 days

Emergency Management Workshop

Fire Investigation Workshop

OBJECTIVES

OBJECTIVES

This workshop provides participants with updates on the latest developments in emergency planning and aircraft incidents
management. Case studies on the management of recent major aviation disasters and emergency mitigation will also be covered.

This workshop provides personnel with the necessary knowledge and skills in conducting a systematic fire origin and cause
investigation. Participants will gain a better understanding of the different techniques required for investigating various fire incidents
such as buildings and vehicle fire. Participants will also learn how to prepare fire investigation reports with complete and accurate
information.

OUTLINE

OUTLINE

Emergency Preparedness for Airport

Emergency Services (AES)

- Specialised equipment
- Managing VLCA aircraft incidents

Fire-fighting and Rescue Disaster

Handling Experience

- Developments and changes for AES at

Singapore Changi Airport

- Additional equipment

- Case studies of major accidents

- Implementation of revised International

Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
Standards and Recommended Practices

Legal Aspects of Disaster and

Emergency Management
- Mandatory requirements in Singapore

- Emergency management

Fire Safety at Airports

- Identifying and managing risks at
airports
- Appropriate actions to counter risk
factors

- Extinguishing agents

- Major accidental fire causes

- Investigative interviewing techniques

- Examination of damaged areas

- Identification, collection and

preservation of evidence

- Casualty collection station concept

- Characteristics of smoke

- Pre and post-incident stress

management

- Managing a major incident

Airport Emergency Planning

Aviation Security Measures on

Safety and AES

- Emergency planning for airports

- New aviation security measures

- Crisis management centre

- Impact on emergency services

Incident and Emergency

Management System
- Developing and testing the system

- Determining if it is an act of
incendiarism

- Preparation and presentation of fire

investigation report

Vehicles Fires
- Investigation techniques

Practical Exercises
- Application of fire investigation
techniques on simulated fire incidents

- Use and identification of incendiary

devices

Effects on Building Materials

- Behaviour of building materials under
intense heat and fire conditions

Indicators of Incendiarism

Case Studies of Various Airport Fires

Determining the Point of Fire Origin

- Patterns and surface effects
- Location of objects
- Thermal expansion and deformation
of materials

Aircraft Accident Investigation

- Management structure
- Aircraft accident investigation
requirements

WHO SHOULD ATTEND

DURATION

Fire officers, emergency service commanders, airport executives and operational

supervisors from civil aviation authorities, airport authorities/operators, emergency
service providers and airline operators.

5 days

Bulk Fuel Fire Management

- General safety requirements

Aircraft Rescue Fire-fighting

Management

- Smoke stains in fire investigation

Psychological Impact

Fire Scene Investigation

- Heat sources

- Foam and the environment

- Use of specialist knowledge for

accurate identification of the cause
of fire

- Medical facilities for major incidents

Managing Maritime Disaster

Accidental Fire Causes

- Investigation involving injury and

fatalities

Chemistry and Physics of Fire

Behaviour

- Classifications of fire cause

- Newly developed foam

Aviation Fire-fighting Foam

Requirement

Introduction to Fire Investigation

- Fire investigation system

- Foam requirement

- Case studies of aircraft accidents

ICAOs Requirements for Very Large

Capacity Aircraft (VLCA) and its
Emergency Management
- ICAO airport rescue fire-fighting
(ARFF) Category 10

- Planning for medical response

- Management of emergencies by
maritime authority (e.g. aircraft
ditching)

- Mutual support of external agencies

Medical Response to Major Incidents

at Airports

WHO SHOULD ATTEND

DURATION

Managers and operational personnel with fire investigation responsibilities from

civil aviation authorities, airport authorities/operators, civil defence organisations,
airport rescue and fire-fighting services, municipal fire brigades as well as oil-refining,
petrochemical and manufacturing industries.

5 days

Fire Safety Inspection Workshop

Fire Safety Management Workshop

OBJECTIVES

OBJECTIVES

This workshop prepares participants to conduct operational fire safety inspections in various scenarios by providing knowledge in
fire prevention management as well as fire safety precautions. Participants will go through practical exercises in conducting fire
safety inspections and learn fire inspection report writing techniques. Site visits to various airport facilities are also included in the
workshop.

This workshop provides an understanding of the importance of fire safety organisations and fire emergency planning. Participants will
learn the techniques and procedures required for the inspection of fire protection systems. Human factors in fire safety will also be
discussed.

OUTLINE

OUTLINE

Fire Prevention Management

- Concepts and approaches in

conducting fire safety inspections

- Preparation and presentation of

reports

- Building fire protection systems

- Aircraft fuel spillage

- Hotwork standby

- General precautionary measures

during fuelling operations

Fire Safety Precautions for Various

Scenarios

- Additional precautionary measures

when passengers are onboard or
embarking/disembarking during
fuelling operations

Requirements of the Fire Safety Act

and Other Regulatory Bodies

Fire Safety Organisation

- Structure and requirements

Aircraft Fuelling Inspection

- Bowser/refueller safety features

- Fire protection audit of fuel farm

Inspection Reports
- Standard phraseologies for report
writing

- Extinguishing systems

- Role of fire patroller

- Storage of flammable liquids

- Risk categories

- Types of fire and their effects on

human behaviour
- Hangar protection systems

Fire Safety Inspections of Airport

Buildings

Site Visit to Airport Facilities

Formulating a Fire Emergency Plan

Human Factors in Fire Safety

- Role and function of the plan

- Concept of panic

- Standard operating procedures in the

event of a fire

- Education and training

- Need for a fire safety manager

Means of Escape: Routes and Exits

- Fire prevention maintenance

programme

Inspection of Fire Protection

Systems

Role and Responsibilities of a Fire

Safety Manager

- Automatic alarm and detection

system

- Legal qualifications and appointments

- Routine inspections

- Accountability to management

- Annual tests

Fire Evacuation
- Role and responsibilities of a fire
warden
- Phased evacuation for high rise
buildings

Techniques and Procedures for

Conducting Fire Investigations

- Case studies in fire safety hazards

WHO SHOULD ATTEND

DURATION

WHO SHOULD ATTEND

DURATION

Supervisors, operational and technical personnel responsible for fire safety and
prevention as well as conducting of fire safety inspection from civil aviation authorities,
airport authorities/operators, rescue and fire-fighting services, environment and health
safety organisations as well as oil-refining, petrochemical and manufacturing industries.

5 days

Operational personnel with fire safety and prevention responsibilities and are involved
in emergency rescue operations from civil aviation authorities, airport authorities/
operators, civil defence organisations, municipal fire brigades as well as oil-refining,
petrochemical and manufacturing industries.

5 days

Hazardous Materials Operations

Military Aircraft Rescue and Fire-fighting

OBJECTIVES

OBJECTIVES

This course equips participants with the necessary skills and knowledge needed to mitigate various hazardous materials (Hazmat)
incidents, including hazards associated with chemical, biological and radiological threats in the vicinity. The concepts discussed are
reinforced by practical exercises.

This course equips participants with the tactics and strategies needed in dealing with emergencies involving military aircraft.
Participants will gain a better understanding of the hazards and safety procedures for different aircraft types as well as hydrazine
safety. A significant part of the training involves practical rescue and fire-fighting drills utilising military aircraft training simulators.

OUTLINE

OUTLINE

Theory

Characteristics of a Hazmat Incident

- Levels of chemical protective clothing

- Factors or conditions that constitute a

Hazmat incident

Roles and Responsibilities of First

Responders

- Types of mitigation equipment

- Understanding the term first

responder

Correct Protective Actions for First

Responders

Techniques and Procedures for

Containment of Hazmat Releases
- Methods to mitigate Hazmat releases,
spillages and leakages

Heat-related Illnesses

Practical

- Signs and symptoms of heat-related

illnesses

Participants will be assessed on their

knowledge and skills through various
practical exercises involving simulated
Hazmat incidents

- Preventive measures

- Duties of first responders

- Limitations of first responders

Personal Protective Clothing and

Equipment

Theory

Introduction to Military Aircraft

- Weapons and systems

- Responsibilities of first responders

- Fire-fighting procedures and snatch
rescue of pilot

- Taking appropriate protective actions

as a first responder

- Gaining access via cockpit canopy

Practical

- Engine shut-down

- Rescue and fire-fighting procedures

- Tactics and strategies

- Emergency power unit (EPU) and

hydrazine

- Safe approach for rescuers and firefighters

- Engine shutdown

Hydrazine Response Procedures

- Danger zones

- Hydrazine (H-70) safety

- Engine shutdown and crew extraction

- Visual indications of leakage and

emergency power unit activation

- Oxygen system and shutdown

procedures

Practical Rescue and Fire-fighting

Exercises
- Command and control of military
aircraft

- Fire-fighting considerations

Hazards and Safety Procedures for

C-130 Hercules Aircraft

- Normal entry

- Suspected H-70 leakage on a parked

F-16 aircraft

- In-flight EPU activation

- Emergency response procedures

- Emergency escape routes

- Finding information on Hazmat

- Danger areas

- Crew rescue and extraction

- Specifications and features

- Identification of Hazmat

- H-70 emergency response team

- Ejection seat and cockpit safety pins

- Recognition of aircraft types and their

dangers

Hazards and Safety Procedures for

F-5 and F-15 Aircraft
- Undercarriage and external stores
safety pins

- Responsibilities of the fire-fighting

team

Detection Equipment
- How to use detection equipment such
as multi-gas detector

Site Visit to Air Force Museum

- Tactical approach
WHO SHOULD ATTEND

DURATION

ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

Operational personnel who are involved in the mitigation of Hazmat incidents from civil
aviation authorities, airport authorities/operators civil defence organisations, municipal
fire brigades, oil-refining, petrochemical and manufacturing industries as well as
emergency and rescue services.

5 days

Be certified medically and physically fit

Be proficient in the English language

Have a minimum of eight years of education

Have at least two years of experience in the fire service

Have preferably completed an Advanced Airport Fire-fighter course or its equivalent

10

DURATION
5 days

11

Operational Fire Command and Control

Senior Fire Officer

OBJECTIVES

OBJECTIVES

This course provides an understanding of the role and responsibilities of an incident commander, from command and control
functions to the coordination and communications required in disaster response. Participants will also learn to formulate an airport
emergency plan for mitigating aircraft accidents and emergency incidents involving dangerous goods.

This course provides participants with the theories, principles and practices of fire station management, training, facilities and fire
safety planning, as well as command and control at aircraft crash site to prepare them for their role as senior fire officers.

OUTLINE

OUTLINE

Theory

Command and Control Review

- Airport emergency plan document

- Overview of the command system

review

- Agencies involved
- Roles and responsibilities of each
agency for different types of
emergencies

- Incident command and control system

Airport Emergency Planning

Role and Responsibilities of the

Incident Commander
- Emergency scene factors
- Fire-ground safety

- Command, coordination and

communications

On-site Command, Coordination and

Communications Exercise

- Handling emergencies involving

dangerous goods

- Incident priorities

- Basic budgeting and procurement

Crisis Management

- International Civil Aviation

Organization Standards and
Recommended Practices for rescue
fire-fighting services (RFFS)

Practical

Fire Station Management

- On-scene command and control

Emergency Operations Centre

- Mitigation of aircraft accidents

- Review of airport emergency plan

Case Studies on Aircraft Crash and

Table-top Exercise

- Management and leadership in the

fire service

- Casualty management for mass

evacuation

- Sizing up of fire-ground

Fire Service Equipment

- Command and control structure

- Latest technology and equipment

specifications

- Water rescue plan

- RFFS vehicle standards and vehicle

performance tests

Practical Training
- On-scene command and control at
aircraft crash site

Fire Safety

- Case studies

- Hangar and building fire protection

Site Visit to Changi Airport Terminal

Fire Command Centre

- Airport emergency planning

- Airport fire safety

- Tactical table-top exercises and

debriefs

- Planning and development

- Fire safety engineering

- Physical exercises

Aircraft Fire-fighting Training Using

Simulator

- Aerodrome safety management

system

- Hazards of aircraft refuelling

operation

- Surveillance audit for civil aerodrome

- Human factors

Fire Service Operations

- Components of the emergency

operations centre

- Setting up of a crisis management

team

Training and Facilities Planning

- Analysis and evaluation of recent

aircraft accidents

- Mobile command post

- On-scene communications and E-Net

system

- Competency-based training

- Response to airport emergencies

- Proficiency standards and ratings

- Airport emergency drills

- Design and siting of airport fire

stations

- Response to hazardous material

incidents

DURATION

ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

5 days

Be certified medically and physically fit

On-the-Job Training
- Discussion on RFFS organisation and
management
- Visits to facilities of technical interest

DURATION
4 weeks

Be certified medically and physically fit

Be proficient in the English language

Be proficient in the English language

Have a minimum of eight years of education

Have a minimum of eight years of education

Be in the supervisory position for at least one year

Have completed an Airport Fire Officer course or its equivalent

Have at least two years of relevant experience as Duty Officer or Officer-in-charge

of a fire station

Have completed an Airport Fire Officer course or its equivalent

12

- Estimating expenditure

- Communications network

ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

- Aircraft accident investigation

- Fire-fighting extinguishing agents

13

Strategies and Tactics in Internal Fire-fighting

Advanced Airport Fire-fighter

OBJECTIVES

OBJECTIVES

The course provides an update on the latest internal fire-fighting techniques. Participants will also learn how to deal with internal
fires as well as execute search and rescue missions at different compartmental levels within an aircraft. A purpose-built flashover
fire simulator provides realistic interior flashover fire training, while the A380 simulator facilitates training in the handling of internal
aircraft fire-fighting and rescue of the worlds largest civilian airliner. Case studies on internal fire-fighting and emergency mitigation
will also be covered.

This course provides in-depth knowledge of the theories, principles and practices of aircraft rescue and fire-fighting (ARFF).
Participants will gain a better understanding of the types of fire service equipment and extinguishing agents, as well as acquire
knowledge on the practical application of tactical approaches and rescue techniques in ARFF.

OUTLINE

OUTLINE

Self-contained Breathing Apparatus

(SBCA) Requirements

Aircraft Internal Fire-fighting

Techniques

- Physiology of SCBA

- External fire protection

- SCBA procedures

- Use of ladders and airstairs

- Use of SCBA in smoke and darkness

- Entry into aircraft

- External hose-laying methods

- Entry points and entry into building

- SCBA mishaps
- Aircraft internal fire
- Building fire-fighting
Practical Training

Fire Service Equipment and

Extinguishing Agents

Tactical Procedures and Methods

- On-site tactical approach

- Aircraft engine and landing gear fire

- Aircraft fire-fighting techniques

- Fire-fighting hydraulics

- Aircraft internal fire

- Aircraft collision fire

- Fire pumps and primers

- Aircraft evacuation systems

- Aircraft fire remote attack

- Fire extinguishing agents

- ICAO rescue and fire-fighting and

critical area concept

- Helicopter and fighter jet ARFF

- Fire in aircraft hangar

- Structural fire-fighting and rescue

- Liquefied petroleum gas fire

- Introduction to black boxes

- Control of flashovers

- Gallery, overhead compartment, toilet

chute and aircraft seat fires

- Compartment fire-fighting techniques

- Portable fire extinguisher

- Aircraft internal fire-fighting

techniques

- Breathing apparatus training

- Handling military aircraft incidents

Rescue and Fire-fighting Principles

- Safety procedures for helicopter fires

- Fire chemistry

On-the-job Training
- Discussion on the Airport Emergency
Services unit of Singapore Changi
Airport

- Pre-empting back draft and flashovers

- Aircraft fire-fighting strategies and

tactics

Aircraft Rescue and Fire-fighting

Training
- Rescue methods

- Functions of operational units

- Approach and entry

- Radio communications

- Aircraft internal fires

- Physical training

- Ventilation

- Application of foam on aircraft fire

- Aircraft landing gear fires

- Visits to facilities of technical interest

- Fire-fighting techniques

- Building fire-fighting and rescue

- Introduction to hazardous materials

- Search patterns

- Smoke hazards

- Casualty handling

- Rescue and evacuation

- Fire-fighting techniques
- Search, rescue and evacuation
techniques

- Ventilation

- Search techniques in aircraft

- Coordination and control

Case Studies

- Breathing apparatus operations and

search procedures

- Fire-fighting procedures

Structural Interior Fire-fighting

Techniques

- Introduction to dangerous goods

Compartment Fire Behaviours

About 70 percent of the training is devoted to

practical exercises.

- Communications training

- Rescue and evacuation

- Fire-fighting techniques
WHO SHOULD ATTEND

DURATION

ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

Fire-fighters and supervisors responsible for fighting internal fires in structural buildings
and aircraft, personnel from civil aviation authorities and airport authorities/operators,
building owners, fire safety enforcement officers and those in the oil-refining,
petrochemical and manufacturing industries who have to deal with internal fire
situations at their premises.

5 days

Be certified medically and physically fit

Be proficient in the English language

Have a minimum of eight years of education

Have at least one year of relevant experience in aircraft rescue and fire-fighting

Have completed a Basic Airport Fire-fighter course or its equivalent

14

DURATION
4 weeks

15

Airport Fire Officer

Aviation Fire-fighting Foam Evaluation

OBJECTIVES

OBJECTIVES

This course provides participants with the theories, principles and practices of fire station management, tactical fire-fighting involving
various emergencies and fire-ground command and leadership skills to prepare them for their roles as airport fire officers.

This course provides the necessary knowledge and skills to conduct aviation fire-fighting foam evaluation in accordance with
both the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) fire test standard and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
412 standard. This includes test procedures on evaluating the quality of the foam concentrates as determined by ICAO and foam
induction test carried out in conjunction with the operations of the aircraft fire-fighting vehicles, in line with NFPA standards.

OUTLINE

OUTLINE

Fire Station Management

- Pump tests and tank calibration

- Becoming a competent leader

Theory

- Fire-ground leadership

- Breathing apparatus operation

- Applying leadership principles at

the fire-ground

- Supervisors responsibilities
- Fire prevention survey

- Airport categorisation
- Instructional techniques
- Principles of instruction
- Fire-ground control at aircraft
accident site
- Proficiency test and rating system

Tactical Procedures and Methods

- Fire prevention inspection

- Application of foam

- Fire-fighting tactical procedures

- Rescue of passengers

- Passenger and freighter aircraft fires

- Water supply for fire-fighting

- Breathing apparatus operation

- Putting out fuel fire with water

- Aircraft collision split attack

- Freighter aircraft fires

- Refueller and running fuel fires

- Forced entry

- Night exercises

- Fires in aircraft hangars

Equipment, Agents and Hydraulics

- Building fire-fighting techniques

- Monitor hose-work at mock-up with

water

- Case studies on aircrash

- Handling uncommon emergencies

- Foaming agents

- Aircraft internal fire

- Pump, primers, gauges and tanks

- Speed drill on donning protective
clothing

- Radiotelephony procedures

- Complementary agents

Fire-ground Leadership Training

On-the-job Training
- Discussion on Rescue Fire-fighting
Services organisations
- Daily routine and vehicle maintenance
- Visits to facilities of technical interest

Foaming Agents
- Properties of various types of aircraft
foaming agents

- Tests for the physical properties of

foam

- Production of fire-fighting foam

complying with NFPA/ICAO tests
protocol

- Around-the-pump proportions

- Determining cost effectiveness of

foams

Rescue and Fire-fighting Vehicle

Foam Production Performance
Testing: NFPA 412 Standard
- Level A foam: Test method B

Sustaining Fire Vehicle Performance:

Fire-fighting Foam Production
- Examining the relevant factors

- Measuring expansion and drainage

rates of foam

- Limitations and fault analysis

- Level A and B foam

Foam Proportioning Systems of Fire

Vehicles
- Metered proportioning

Foam Evaluation: ICAO Fire Test

Standard

Vehicles Foam Performance Test:

Fault Analysis
- Vehicle foam performance test

Practical

Hands-on Exercises Involving Level

A and B Foam

Hands-on Assessment Involving

Level A and B Foam

- Troubleshooting on vehicle foam

performance test

- Level B Foam: Test method A

- Measuring foam discharge pattern

About 50 percent of the training is devoted to

practical exercises.

- What is leadership

ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

Be certified medically and physically fit

Be proficient in the English language

Have a minimum of eight years of education

Have at least two years of relevant experience in aircraft rescue and fire-fighting

Have completed an Advanced Airport Fire-fighter course or its equivalent

16

DURATION

WHO SHOULD ATTEND

DURATION

4 weeks

Personnel involved in the hands-on evaluation and procurement of aviation fire-fighting 5 days
foam, fire suppression equipment and maintenance of fire vehicles and fire-fighting
systems from civil aviation authorities, airport authorities/operators, civil defence
organisations, municipal fire brigades, rescue and emergency response service as well as
oil-refining, petrochemical and manufacturing industries.

17

Basic Airport Fire-fighter

Breathing Apparatus Maintenance

OBJECTIVES

OBJECTIVES

This course provides participants with the fundamentals of aircraft rescue and fire-fighting (ARFF) for both aircraft emergencies and
building fires at airports, in accordance with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)s competency requirements in ARFF.
Participants will also learn the basic skills in handling structural fires, technical rescue and mitigation of hazardous materials (Hazmat)
incident.

This course equips new and current professional fire-fighters with the necessary skills and knowledge required for the proper
maintenance and servicing of Self-contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) sets. Besides practical training on maintenance,
participants will also learn to trouble-shoot problems and testing methodologies and procedures for SCBA.

OUTLINE

OUTLINE

Fundamentals of ARFF

Advanced ARFF Knowledge

- Aircraft construction and hazards

- Fire behaviour and concept

- Emergency exits and doors

- Fire chemistry and principles of

combustion

- Seating configuration
- Aircraft rescue and fire-fighting
strategies and tactics

- Methods of fire extinction

- Branches, nozzles and hydraulics

- Approach, insulation and isolation

- Types of hoses

- Entry

- Application of extinguishing agents

- ICAO rescue and fire-fighting and

critical area concept

- Care of equipment
- Types of ladders and safe-handling
- Types of stretchers and their use
- Safe-handling of casualties
- Physiology of self-contained breathing
apparatus (SCBA)
- Search and rescue patterns using
SCBA
- Basic fire pump principles

Other ARFF Skills and Techniques

- Structural rescue and fire-fighting
strategies and tactics
- Approach and entry
- Methods of water application

- Application of aircraft rescue and firefighting techniques

Practical Applications

- Types of SCBA sets

- Inspection procedures

Practical Exercise on SCBA

Maintenance

- SCBA requirements

- Records and maintenance

- Dismantling SCBA sets

- Usage of SCBA in confined space

rescue

- Maintenance tools required

- Identifying problems

- Replacing various parts of SCBA sets

- SCBA advisories

- Reassembling of SCBA sets

- Solutions and recommendations

- Testing of reassembled sets

- Application of building fire-fighting

techniques

- Properties and hazards of aviation fuel

- Classifications of fire

- Ladder rescue

- Airport and aircraft familiarisation

- Roles and responsibilities of an airport

fire-fighter

- Specialised tools for various

components

- Search and rescue

Technical Site Visits
- Airport fire stations and Sea Rescue
Base

SCBA Parts
- Parts and components

- Mitigation of Hazmat incidents

- Materials used for SCBA parts

- Donning of protective clothing and

Hazmat suits
- Handling and operation of fire
extinguishers

Background to SCBA

Dismantling the SCBA

- Methodology and procedure

SCBA Compressor/Face Mask

- Minor maintenance

- Specialised tools for dismantling

- Filter servicing

Re-assembling the SCBA

Testing the SCBA (Post

Maintenance)

- Method of dismantling

- Method of re-assembling

- SIA Training Centre

Troubleshooting SCBA

- Safety requirement
- Maintenance schedule

- Specialised tools for re-assembling

- Confined space entry and rescue

- Approach to Hazmat incident
- Basic vehicle extrication

- Types of fire pumps

- Care for fire-fighting pumps
ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

Be certified medically and physically fit

Be proficient in the English language

DURATION
12 weeks

18

ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

Have prior knowledge of basic SCBA

Be proficient in the English language (written and spoken)

DURATION
5 days

19

Breathing Apparatus Operations

Confined Space and Structural Rope Rescue

OBJECTIVES

OBJECTIVES

This course provides participants with the theories, principles and practices of the safe use of a Self-contained Breathing Apparatus
(SCBA) in a smoke-filled environment and prepares them to carry out rescue operations using the SCBA. Besides practical training in
the donning of SCBA, participants will also learn the techniques and procedures for search and rescue in various scenarios.

This course provides the knowledge and skills needed to effectively carry out rescue works in a confined space situation, which
is often also a highly hazardous environment with the danger of explosion, poisoning and asphyxiation at the onset of entry.
Participants will also learn to carry out rescue works from elevated structural environments during emergencies. Training will be
conducted in specific simulators that conform to industry standards.

OUTLINE

OUTLINE

Theory

SCBA Entry Control Board

Practical

Physiology of SCBA

- SCBA tally and entry control board

- Respiratory and circulatory cycles

- Entry control points

SCBA Donning and Operating

Procedures

- Atmospheric hazards

- Entry control procedures: Stages one

and two

- Search and rescue in various scenarios

using SCBA

Types of SCBA
- Open circuit positive pressure SCBA

- Heated and smoke-filled environment

such as building fires and confined
space environment

- Closed circuit SCBA

- Aircraft cabin environment

Components of SCBA
- Back pack assembly

- High pressure metal cylinder assembly

- Pressure reducing valve assembly
- Face piece assembly

Basic Troubleshooting and

Maintenance
- Charging of cylinders
- Basic fault findings
- Maintenance of face mask

Safety Procedures during SCBA

Operations

BA Endurance Training

- Use of SCBA in various scenarios

- Building fires
- Backdraft and flashover incidents

Establishment of Anchor Point:

Rigging

Rescue Team Organisation and

Management

- Legislation, standards and guidelines

- Knots tying

- Roles and responsibilities

- International requirements and

practices such as the National
Fire Protection Association and
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration

- Anchor system

- Incident management system in a

confined space and structural rope
rescue

Confined Space and Structural Rope

Rescue Equipment
- Use and care of breathing apparatus
sets and rescue tools

- Distress Signal Unit

- Methods of searching

Overview of Confined Space and

Structural Rope Rescue

Rope Manoeuvre Skills

- Ascending and descending skills
- Rope changeover

Practical Assessment
- Confined space rescue
- Structural rope rescue

Rope Rescue
- Locating and transporting victims
in a hazardous confined space
environment

Pre-planning of Rescue in a
Highly Hazardous Confined Space
Environment

- Accessing, stabilising and transporting

victims in an elevated environment

- Stages in a confined space rescue

process

- Rescue stretcher and Evac body splint

- Types of rescue: Entry and non-entry

- Casualty pulley system

- Patient packaging using rope

- Performing the pick-off
- Personal emergency escape rope
system
- High-line rescue system

ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

Be certified medically and physically fit

Have a minimum of eight years of education

Have at least two years experience in the fire service

Have completed the Basic Fire-fighter course or its equivalent

20

DURATION

WHO SHOULD ATTEND

DURATION

5 days

Operational personnel involved in handling confined space and/or elevated structural

emergencies operations from civil aviation authorities, airport authorities/operators,
civil defence organisations, municipal fire brigades, oil-refinery, petrochemical and
manufacturing industries as well as emergency and rescue services.

5 days

21

Foam Tender Operations and Defensive Driving Workshop

Incident Command and Control Workshop

Jointly organised with Texas Engineering Extension Service (TEEX), US

OBJECTIVES

OBJECTIVES

This workshop provides the essential skills needed for safe and defensive driving of a major foam tender. Through the use of a stateof-the art driving simulator with a motion platform, participants will acquire the skills and develop capabilities required to handle
the foam tender in an emergency through experiential learning. The simulator also generates various emergency scenarios such as
aircraft fires or crashes to train participants to drive the vehicle under various scenarios, including heavy rain, poor visibility conditions
and difficult terrains. The operational maintenance and technical inspections of a major foam tender and airside safety regulations
will also be covered.

This workshop provides training on effective emergency management, from planning to command and control at major incidents,
including handling terrorism incidents. Besides acquiring knowledge on emergency operations, strategies and tactics, participants
will also gain better understanding of the structure and functions of an Emergency Operations Center (EOC).

OUTLINE

OUTLINE

Theory

ICAOs Specifications on Foam

Tenders

- All-terrain driving

- Remote control

Background of an Incident
Command System (ICS)

- Driving in adverse weather conditions

- Manual operation

- Overview of an ICS

- Foam and water tank capacity

- Emergency response

Foam Tender Construction,

Operating Systems and Preventive
Maintenance

- Response test and acceleration

- Divisions and groups

- Airfield safety regulations

- Tactical positioning

- Enforcement

- Fire-fighting

- Airfield driving training, test and

permit

- Pump-and-roll operation

Participants will go through the following

simulation training and exercises using the
Foam Tender Driving Simulator:

Practical Assessment Using

Simulator

- Daily checks on fire-fighting system

- Weekly pump output test

- Reversing

- Monthly vacuum test

- Emergency braking and stopping

- Foam tank de-sludging

- Off-road driving

Factors Affecting an Emergency

Management System

Be an airport fire service personnel qualified to drive and operate major foam
tenders or trucks

Have at least a Class 4 driving/heavy vehicle licence or its equivalent

Have at least one year experience in driving and operating a foam tender

22

- Security issues

- Control zones

- Planning of emergency response to

terrorist incidents

- Purpose of staging, rehabilitation and

a command post
- Application of strategies and tactics at
the scene

Emergency Operations, Strategies

and Tactics

Effective Communications and

Telecommunications Priorities
During Emergency Operations

Structure and Functions of an EOC

- General guidelines

- Roles and responsibilities of an

incident commander, executive and
command staff

- Common errors

Causes of Accidents

- Effectiveness of an EOC

- An investigators perspective
- Medical perspective

- Pre-planning of emergency operations

- Multi-agency operations

- Pump operations

- Emergency incident size-up and

evaluation

- Maintaining control of the emergency

and incident site

Post-incident Crisis Intervention

- Planning and operations

Practical Exercises on Radio

Communications and Application of
ICS and EOC in a Major Incident

Fireground Size-up, Strategies and

Tactics

- Logistics and finance

- Public information

Terrorism
- Types of terrorism

- Accident simulation
ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

Site Command and Control

- Off-road driving

Driving a Foam Tender

- Circuit driving

- Components of an ICS

Safety Regulations at Airside

- Pneumatic system

- Fire pump

- Organisation and responsibility

Practical

- Electrical system

Monitor Operations

Aircraft Crash Fire-fighting Exercises

- Steering
- Hydraulic system

- Complementary agents
- Minimum requirements for airports
up to Category 10

Safe and Defensive Driving

- Terrorists motivations
DURATION

WHO SHOULD ATTEND

DURATION

5 days

Operational personnel with fire safety and prevention responsibilities and are involved
in emergency rescue operations from civil aviation authorities, airport authorities/
operators, civil defence organisations, municipal fire brigades, as well as oil-refining,
petrochemical and manufacturing industries.

5 days

23

Strategies and Tactics for Hazardous Materials Incident

Management Workshop
Jointly organised with Texas Engineering Extension Service (TEEX), US
OBJECTIVES
This workshop provides knowledge and expertise on the characteristics and identification of common hazardous materials (Hazmat)
found in cargo shipments, including hazards associated with weapons of mass destruction (WMD). Participants will acquire the
techniques of temporary plugging and patching for stopping leakages involving Hazmat shipping containers, as well as understand
how the incident command management system is applied during Hazmat emergencies.

OUTLINE

Identification, Characteristics and

Toxicology of Hazmat

Hazmat Emergency Response Concepts

and Standard Operating Procedures

Components of an Effective Hazmat

Emergency Management System

Overview of a Hazmat Incident

Command Management System

Use of Personal Protective Clothing and

Equipment: Maintenance Checks and
Tests
Use of Direct-reading Hazmat Field
Detection Instruments: Calibration
and Limitations

Techniques and Procedures for

Confinement and Containment of
Leaking Hazmat

Effective Communications During a

Hazmat Incident

Decontamination Protocol for Hazmat

Personnel and Equipment

Technical Information Resources for

Hazmat Emergency Response

Heat Stress Illness: Symptomatology and

Preventive Measures

Use of Self-contained Breathing

Apparatus

Media Management at Incident Site

Hazards Associated with WMD

Mitigation of Terrorism Incidents

Practical Exercises Involving Simulated

Hazmat Incident

Table-top Exercises

WHO SHOULD ATTEND

DURATION

Operational personnel involved in industrial/hazmat emergency management and

operations from civil aviation authorities, airport authorities/operators, civil defence
organisations, municipal fire brigades as well as oil-refining, petrochemical and
manufacturing industries.

5 days

24