Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Contents
Contents
4 Location Update Procedure ......................................................................................................4-1
4.1 Overview...........................................................................................................................................................4-2
4.2 Location Updating Procedure ..........................................................................................................................4-2
4.2.1 Periodic Updating ...................................................................................................................................4-4
4.2.2 IMSI Attach Procedure ...........................................................................................................................4-4
4.2.3 Generic Location Updating Procedure ...................................................................................................4-5
4.3 Internal Handling of BSC.................................................................................................................................4-8
Issue 01 (2007-03-15)
Figures
Figures
Figure 4-1 Location updating procedure...............................................................................................................4-3
ii
Issue 01 (2007-03-15)
Description
4.1 Overview
Issue 01 (2007-03-15)
4-1
4.1 Overview
In GSM system, MS location information need be known by HLR, VLR and MS, When the
location information changes, it is required that the relevant information in HLR, VLR and
MS should be consistent, which can be realized through the location updating procedure. As
the major procedure of location management, the location updating procedure is always
initiated on MS side.
The location updating procedure is a general procedure, and is used for 3 purposes, i.e. normal
location updating, periodic updating and IMSI attach.
The normal location updating procedure is used to update the registration of the actual
location area of MS in the network. The location updating type information element in the
Location Updating Request message shall indicate normal location updating.
When the network indicates that MS is unknown in VLR, the normal location updating
procedure will be started, as a response to the MM connection establishment request.
In case that location updating is unsuccessful, to limit the number of location updating
attempts, an attempt counter need be used. The attempt counter is reset when MS is switched
on or a SIM card is inserted.
MS contains a list of "forbidden location areas for roaming", as well as a list of "forbidden
location areas for regional provision of service". These lists shall be erased when MS is
switched off or when SIM is removed. Whenever a Location Update Reject message is
received with the cause "Roaming not allowed in this location area" or with the cause
"Location area not allowed", the LAI received on BCCH that triggered the location updating
request shall be added to the relevant list. The two lists shall accommodate 10 or more entries.
When the list is full and a new entry has to be inserted, the oldest entry shall be deleted.
Upon successful location updating, MS sets the update status to "UPDATED" in SIM
(UPDATED status indicates the last location updating request is successful) , and save LAI,
TMSI, Cipher Key and Cipher Sequence Number in SIM, and stores the received new
location area information in SIM.
4-2
Issue 01 (2007-03-15)
MS
Channel REQ (1)
BSC
MSC
(6)
UA (7)
EST IND( LOC UPD REQ)
(8)
(11)
(12)
(13)
Clear Command (14)
Clear Complete (15)
Step 1 MS sends a Channel Request message to BTS on the access channel of Um interface (The
message contains the access cause value "Location update").
Step 2 BTS sends a Channel Request message to BSC.
Step 3 Upon receipt of the Channel Request message, BSC allocates signaling channels, and sends a
Channel Activation message to BTS.
Step 4 If the channel type is correct, upon receipt of the Channel Activation message, BTS opens the
power amplifier on the specified channel, and sends a Channel Activation Acknowledge
message to BSC.
Step 5 BSC sends an Immediate Assignment Command message to MS through BTS.
Step 6 MS sends an SABM frame for establishing link with BTS
Step 7 BTS returns a UA frame for acknowledgement.
Step 8 BTS sends an Establishment Indication message to BSC, which contains the content of the
Location Update Request message.
Step 9 BSC establishes SCCP link connection on A interface, and sends a Location Update Request
message to MSC. The parameter including the CGI of the current cell.
Step 10 MSC returns a link acknowledge message to BSC.
Step 11 MSC sends a Location Updating Accept message to BSC, indicating that location updating
has succeeded.
Step 12 The network shall deliver a Location Updating Reject message to MS if it rejects the location
updating request.
Step 13 If "Allocate TMSI upon location updating" is set to "No" in MSC, MS shall not report the
TMSI Reallocation Complete message in the location updating procedure.
Step 14 The network shall initiate the channel release procedure if no further transactions are
scheduled.
Issue 01 (2007-03-15)
4-3
----End
MS has responded to paging and thereafter has received the first correct L3 message
except RR message.
When timer T3212 expires, the location updating procedure shall be started.
When MS is in the service state of "NO CELL AVAILABLE", "LIMITED SERVICE",
"PLMN SEARCH" or "PLMN SEARCH-NORMAL SERVICE", if the T3212 timer expires,
the location updating procedure shall be delayed until the MS leaves this service state. The
(periodic) location updating procedure is not be started if the system information at the time
the T3212 timer expires indicates that periodic location update shall not be used. The timeout
value is contained in control channel description IE of the system information type 3 message.
The T3212 timeout value shall not be changed when MS is in the state of "NO CELL
AVAILABLE", "LIMITED SERVICE", "PLMN SEARCH or PLMN SEARCH-NORMAL"
etc.
When a change of the T3212 timeout value has to be taken into account and the timer is
running (at change of the serving cell or, the broadcast of T3212 timeout value), MS shall take
the mod that the current T3212 value to the new T3212 timeout value as the new initial value.
When MS is activated, or when a change of the T3212 timeout value has to be taken into
account and the timer is not running, the new timer shall be started at a value randomly,
uniformly drawn between 1 and the new initial value.
4-4
Issue 01 (2007-03-15)
The IMSI attach procedure is invoked when the IMSI is activated by MS, if the detach/attach
procedures are required by the network.
When IMSI is activated by MS within the network coverage area, or if MS is moved from
outside the coverage area to the coverage area, the IMSI attach procedure is used only if the
update status is "UPDATED" and if the stored LAI is the same as the one which is actually
broadcasted on the BCCH of the current serving cell. Otherwise a normal location updating
procedure shall be invoked, which is independent of the ATT flag indication.
IMSI attach is performed by using the location updating procedure. The location updating
type information element in the Location Updating Request message must in this case indicate
IMSI attach.
Identification request
The network may initiate the identification procedure, e.g. if the network is unable to get the
IMSI based on the TMSI and LAI used as identification by MS
Authentication procedure
The authentication procedure may be initiated by the network upon receipt of the Location
Updating Request message from MS.
Attempt counter
When location updating is unsuccessful, to limit the number of location updating attempts, an
attempt counter is used. It counts the number of consecutive unsuccessful location update
attempts.
The attempt counter is incremented by 1 each time a location update procedure fails. In the
following cases, the attempt counter shall be reset.
Issue 01 (2007-03-15)
4-5
MS is powered on
The attempt counter is used when MS decides whether to re-attempt a location update after
timeout of timer T3211.
Cause 3: illegal MS
Cause 6: illegal ME
For cause 2/3/6, the MS shall set the update status to "ROAMING NOT ALLOWED", and
delete any TMSI, stored LAI and ciphering key sequence number and shall consider IMSI
invalid until switch-off.
4-6
Issue 01 (2007-03-15)
For cause 11/12/13, MS shall delete any LAI, TMSI and ciphering key sequence number
stored in from SIM, reset the attempt counter, and set the update status to "ROAMING NOT
ALLOWED". MS shall store the LAI or the PLMN identity in the relevant forbidden list, i.e.
in the "forbidden PLMN list" for cause 11, in the list of "forbidden location areas for regional
provision of service" for cause 12, and in the list of "forbidden location areas for roaming" for
cause 13. In addition, MS will memorize if cause 13 is received, so to perform PLMN
selection instead of cell selection when it is back to the "MM IDLE" state.
Other cause values are considered as abnormal cases.
Issue 01 (2007-03-15)
4-7
MS waits for release of the RR connection. In cases 4~7 and for repeated failures as defined
in case 3, MS proceeds as follows. Timer T3210 is stopped if still running. The RR
connection is released if timer T3210 expires. The attempt counter is incremented by 1. The
next actions depend on LAI and the value of the attempt counter.
Case 1: The update status is "UPDATED", and the stored LAI is equal to the one received on
the BCCH from the current serving cell. The attempt counter is smaller than 4.
In case 1, MS shall keep the update status to "UPDATED". The MM IDLE sub-state after RR
connection release is "NORMAL SERVICE". MS shall memorize the location updating type
used in the location updating procedure. It shall start timer T3211 when the RR connection is
released. When timer T3211 expires, the location updating procedure is triggered again with
the memorized location updating type.
Case 2: Either the update status is different from "UPDATED", or the stored LAI is different
from the one received on the BCCH from the current serving cell, or the attempt counter is
greater or equal to 4.
In case 2, MS shall delete any LAI, TMSI and ciphering key sequence number stored in SIM,
set the update status to "NOT UPDATED" and enter the MM IDLE sub-state "ATTEMPTING
TO UPDATE" when the RR connection is released. If the attempt counter is smaller than 4,
MS shall start timer T3211. Otherwise, it starts timer T3212.
----End
After sending the response message, the network will start the channel release procedure.
----End
4-8
Issue 01 (2007-03-15)
The BSC retrieves the periodic location updating period from the T3212 field in the
[System information table] and sends it to the MS through the SYSTEM INFORMATION
TYPE 3 message.
The BSC sends a LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST message to the MSC to set up an
SCCP connection over interface A. This message includes the CGI of the serving cell. See
[BSC Cell Table] for the CGI.
Issue 01 (2007-03-15)
4-9