Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Second Edition
Workbook
ffi
QB
CEMBRIDGE
pREss
uNn ERSrry
Firstpublished 1999
Second Edition 2008
lOth printing 20ll
Printed in Lima, Peru, by Empresa Editora El Comercio S.A.
A catalog record for this publication is available from the British Library'
ISBN 978-0-5 2l-68391-3 student's book and self-study audio CD/CD-ROM (Windows/lr4ac)
ISBN 978-0-521-68393-7 workbook
ISBN 978-0-521-68392-0 teacher's edition and audio CD
ISBN 978-0-521-68395-l CDs (audio)
ISBN 978-0-521-68394-4 cassettes
Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or
acc*acy-of unrs for external or third-party Intemet Web sites referred to in
this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such Web sites is,
or will remain, accwate or appropriate. Information regarding prices, travel
timetables, and other factual information given in this work are correct at
the time of first printing. Cambridge Univers Press does not guarantee
the accuracy of such information thereafter.
Art direction, book design, photo research, and layout services: Adventure House, NYC
Gontents
Acknowledgments...
...iv
I Relationships, ., . .,, . .,,,, .,,,,,,, .,, t,,, . .,,,,,,, . t t,,,,,, I
5
6
Changing
I
I
Consumgrculture
fi
t,.,,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,,..,,.,,.,,,.,.,,.,,43
t0 languagrE ,,,
Exceptional
t,. t,...,,,,37
',,
, r r.. r r.,,.,,,,..,,,.,.
people,,.,..,,.
',.,,
tt
t,,.,..,,,,,49
',,,,,
t...,,
r,
r r r. r r. r r,,,55
t,,,,.,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,.,,,,,61
t2
Acknowledgments
lllustration credits
KimJohnson:
64
Adam Hurwitz: 12
Peter McDonnell: 17, 41, 61,
68
Photography credits
1 @Inmagine. A Qeft to rugl) @Inmagine; @Inmagine; (Olnmagine. 5 (clockuise fom top lefi) @Smari/Getty Images;
@Ian Shaw/Alamy; @Getty Images; @Inmagine. 6 Oistockphoto. 7 @Inmagine. 8 @Kareem Black/Ges Images.
13 Olnmagine. 14 (top to bottom) @lnmagine; OJudith Collins/Alamy. 15 OVario Images GmbH&Co.KG/Alamy.
18 CrRobet Warren/Getty Images. 19 Olnmagine. 21 Olnmagine. 22 @Mary Evans Picture Library/Alamy.
23 @Inmagine. 24 @imagebroker/Alamy. 25 Olsabella Vosmikova/TM and Copyright @20th Century Fox
Film Corp. All rights reserved/Everitt Collection. 27 (top to bottom) GTCBS/Getty Images; OCBS/Getty Images.
32 @Getty Images.39 Olnmagine. 40 Olnmagine. 45 (top to bottom) @Inrnagne; @Jllmages/Alamy; @Ge
Images. 50 (lefi to rrgl) @Inmagine; Olnmagine; OlmageState/Alamy; @Robert McGouey/Alamy; @Inmagine;
Text credits
The authors and publishers are grateful for permission to reprint the following items:
6 "Generation C Will Be Nicer." This article fist appeared in http://www.PublicTechnology.net,
the UK's main public sector e-Government news service.
12 "Decoding Body Language" byJohn Mole, on http://wwjohnmole.com.
Copyright O 1999. Reprinted by permission.
18 "Technology Run
Copyright
@ 2007
24 From the book titled Dogtakhingby Desmond Morris, Copyright O 1986 by Desmond Morris.
Reprinted by permission of Crown Publishers, a division of Random House, Inc.
36 "Study Suggests Music May Someday Help Repair Brain" by Robert Lee Hotz,
November 9, 1998, p. 41. Copyright O 1998 Los Angeles Timel
42 "Yor; Getting Ready for Your 100th" by Don Oldenburg, The Washington
Copyright @ 1999 The Washington Post. Reprinted with permission.
Posd
Jy 12, 1998.
60 "Dialects" by Margalit Fox, New York Times Magaine, September 12, 1999.
Copyright @ 1999 The New York Times Company.
66 "Distinguished Service: Mdecins Sans Frontires Receives the Nobel Peace Prize" by Thomas Sancton, Time,
October 25, 1999, vol. 154, no. 17 Copyright O 1999 Time Inc. News Media.
72 "New Variations on Recruitment Prescreening" by Mary Helen Yarboough, HR Focus, October l, 1994,
pp. 1 (3), vol. 71. Copyright O 1994 American Management Association. This article was originally published in
IOMA s monthly newsletter, "HR Focus," and is republished here with the express written permission of IOMA.
Copyright O 2007. Further use of, electronic distibution or reproduction ofthis material, unless specified in a
copyright agreement, requires the permission of IOMA. For more information about IOMA or to subscribe to
lv
Read this paragraph from a composition about friendship. Find the phrasal
verbs and write them in the correct columns in the chart.
grammar
I have a
l of friends, brt
my
tlou
irt a
I'n feeling
bad, and she brings out the best in me when l'm feertg
ha??V. Whenever t
advice, and ehe usually helps me solve it. She never puts
irt
school
or
in
vocabulary
3. I
4.
admire / benefit
Jon and Scott empathiry / harmoni<e well as a team since they have similar
working styles.
5. My waistline
ft!!![l
The best of
friends
Complete these dialogues. LJse the correct form of the phrasal verbs.
cheer (someone)
grammar
do
without
up
drift
run
apart
into
stand up for
turn (someone) down
1. A: I'm surprised that Tom didn't support what you said in the meeting.
I thought he agreed with you.
B: He does agree with me, but he was afraid of what the boss would
I can't believe he didn't stah hp ov me!
say.
can
3. A: Did Eric ask you to present your work at the conference next week?
B: Yes, he did, but I
things to take care of at work.
4. A:
because
I have other
her when
Z,l
grammar
1. Nothing cheers me up
qoo)t
as
much
as
goirg or^l
fviehs!
3. \{hen
4. I will
someone puts me
down,I
2 @D
Retationships
Read the thesis statements. Then find the rhree best paragraph topics to
support each one. Write the topics belou' the thesis statements.
wrrtng
Paragraph ToPics
/
/
messages'
Use the tetephone or send e-mait
/Joinctubsandotherorganizationsrelatedtoyour
interests or hobbies'
to keep sitent'
Know when to give advice and when
or cooking'
Sign up for a class, such as painting
/
/
/
such as
Participate in community service activities'
{
/
"
/Writeletters,sendbirthdayandhotidaycards'and
send Presents.
l,j!]llIflii}rWdMiMl*Mi'ba}Jiua,
slI[,rlsfl*.sffi]{ssfr:WwpuwwA@ffijrl@tiWe]mflwehffq#*ffi@aF
Thesis statements
r pevsoh
lharl
yorav
living in big cities often have trouble making friends, but there are
ways to solve this problem.
2. People
statement.
l.
2.
9
.).
Choose one of the thesis statements above and write a composition. Use three
paragraph topics that best support your thesis.
I!!![[l
The best of
friends
Read these online ads. Underline the verb + gerund constructions, and circle
the verb * infinitive constructions.
grammar
http://www.cup
years
@{@on
me
grammar
if you're interested!
I'mAlex Ramirez,
an engineering
Complete the questions using the gerund or infinitive form of the verbs. Note
that one of the constructions uses the passive voice. Then answer the questions
and give reasons.
ask
4. Do you expect
4 @l
Retationships
(so)
HJ
vocabalary
1. Maria and Emma @EnteDt resurfoced their friendship after drifting apart
from each other for many years.
2. My family reunion / resurface is next month. I can't wait to see all my relatives!
3. Too much damage has happened to Al and Sam's friendship to redefine / rebuild it.
4. I can't rehash / recall the name of my tenth-grade English teacher.
5. Tim has reconnected / redefined his outlook on life. He's more optimistic now.
6. Don't bring that subject up again. I don't want to rehash / rebuild it with you.
7. After studying for the exam for two days, Cara redef,ned / resurfaced to eat
dinner with her family.
8. I'm glad I came home for spring break. I've been recalling
friends that I haven't seen since last summer.
Z)
grammar
/ reconnectingwith
Imagine your friend is coming to visit you for the weekend. Write sentences
describing each possible activity you can do together. Use the cues and the
gerund or infinitive form of the verbs given.
1. plan
2.
suggest
3. consider /
go to a karaoke club
It!!![t
old...
HI
reading
Read the article. Find the words in boldface that match the definitions.
2.
to
cohle\|.
;, 1'..';
o a repo.rt
Ji,-iiii;l.
q r1i
lies ahead.
agree with.
6 @D
Relationships
i,::ii*ijl
*ricff ,;coording
1,
JI
Match the sentences to tell the story of Mimi, a fashion designer in Tokyo.
Mimi's
grammar
r,Ttor
r - -
'
1.
_-"
\\'h.n
Iu
rrs:.r srlrrrll
chikl, I crr.jorcrl i
clcsi grr
ng l-rcrrutifirl clothcs fi rr
i
,r
,,r
ijI
'
ro
3.\\'hcnlrrsrrtccltrrllcr.nt\prlrcltts-rcr.ntittcrl
4.
IIr
5.
nl<lthcr recognizccl
nl
b.goingtoafa^shiotlschrxrl
irttcrcst in clothing..rncl
tlrrrt
, i I u'rurtcd
r, 6. \lt tcrchcrs rrrlr isccl
I
I
I,
I
,,
,
,t
7. I rh,
rr.ght thrrr
f.
rr'ulcl
pl'cYcllr
9. Nrtt'. frlc
t crrrs
8. Iiortunrrtclr. I got
irr
\gr,\brkCin.
rr schrlrrrshil-r
_
Iil l firshioll
thrrt'.rlkr'ccl
rrftcr grlrclu'.rtin.
i.
tlcsigrlcl'. I l,,re
u'crrrin1 u'hrt
rlr
nrrthcr
bougl.rt nre.
2l
:T:[ ;;H::il.,*,':J::::T:::';"
shppyu@E,","
V\CabutAry
2.
,)
.).
Marco's conseraatiue /Jlashy suit looked good for his interview at the bank.
1.
5.
(i.
7.
t. Pop stars
often wear/znky
/stffi
chic /functional.
from the
19U0s.
clothes on stage.
I!!!![l
The way we
dress
fr)
grammar
Read the blog post about clothes and fashion. Use the gerund or the infinitive
form of the verbs in parentheses.
OOO
statements
[.][tJ[l]4';*p.,;*w'cup.org/ta5hionsttementso^6-i;;-_n
.'-C;
Fashion
,.-.
.,il
Fashion Staements
If you ask me, I think people
lo ir^.revess
are
just trying
I don't mind
wear stylish clothing - I just think
they tend
(put) too
(took)
problems in the wortd. I mean, just reading stories about poverty in the newspaper
encourages me
(donate)
(feel)
better about themselves if they knew their money was helping someone who truly
needed
it.
I I
COMMENTS
IJ)
rt
Z)
grammar
I ED
teenagers to wear
Qvou^
rry bvothevs
rafi]'
H}
wrrting
nicelyformanydifferenttypesofoccasions.Forexample,-
Television and ftshion magazines do not set a good exampte. That is,
Choose one of these topics to write about. Write a thesis statement that
expresses your own point of view.
1. There
are / aren't
It!!![l
The way we
dress
rj
grammar
-t
Dear Beth,
Guess what? My brother Kyle visited me. I haven't seen him in a year. What I noticed first
was the three inches he grew. He's doing well in school, and he has a part-time job at a
Love, Erica
,_l
grammar
Read what each person thought about Gina Riccardi, the model who visited
an advertising agency. Then complete the dialogue using cleft sentences with
noticed" liked. admired.
or struck
me.
I love what
she did
Whata
with
'- l)
'.
beautiful
her hair!
)"o
Hello everyone.
I'm 0ina Riecardi.
I'm so happy to meet
Jin:
Brian:
hotice *irsl
wars
Jin:
but
(3)
Brian: Her voice? Come on, Ted. She's a fashion model, not
10 @D
a singer!
vocabulary
sympathetc
trustworthy
and
ecce\tyic
look.
in the office.
4. Ifyou need
understanding.
5. Don't count onJiro to complete his part of the projec[. He's not
very
6. No wonder
and focused.
7. Keri is so
8. Guy pretends to be
, but
crazy side.
grammar
lmagine you are hiring a new employee. \fhat personal characteristics do you
look for? Use your own ideas to complete these sentences.
2. \Mhat I think
slvohg eic4tioh to
the
corqprhy.
is most important is
is
5. \{hat I
6.
\Arhat
I think
is least important is
]t!!!l@
How we appear to
others
11
Read the article on body language quickly. What qualities do you think might
apply to each body language type?
reading
1. responsive
2. reflective
3. combative
4. fugitive
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
n
tr
body ,Yl
Fonruard/back behavior reveals an active or a
two ,J*if passive reaction to what is being said. lf people
groups: open/closed and foruvard/back.
I i;lt,ffifm- lean forward with their bodies toward you, they
0pen/closed postures are the easiest to -i'}i.iiia ij., are actvely engaged in your message. They
.''" ' maybeacceptng0rrejectingit,buttheirminds
recognize. People are open t0 messages when "'"
ln European and North American cultures,
language behaviors can be divided into
have
;: ';,r1; r .'
bothfeetontheground.Thisindicatesthatthey
The chart below shows howthese types of body language can suggestthe general mental state of the listener.
There is risk of an
.tlhgrFerson is engaged in the
rs0on {fonruard} but rejects
your message (closed).
reflective
combative
fugitive
12 @D
Check the sentences that use articles incorrectly, and then rewrite them.
grammar
arh
tr
2. Abacus
tr
3. The
24,
iS
It
5. An
tr
6. Calculations
tr
abacus usually has 13 wires. On wires are beads, which represent units.
rut
vocabulary
unethcal
prudent
*rivoloqs
1.
2.
3.
4.
issue
waste of money.
for scientists.
of
6.
It will take
7.
Be
f!!!![t
science
1o
grammar
Digital Cameras
(1)
(2)
The
_pictures,
image
(6)
Digital cameras don't use film. Rather, they convert llght entering the camera
(7)
_information
bV
(8)
computer.
Then you can also post your pictures on the lnternet. Another advantage of (9)
digital cameras is that you can see your work immediately. lf you don't like (10)
picture, you can simply erase it by pressing (11)
H}
grammar
3.
4.
5.
14 EO
fhe
platsrqr
f\.
oh
lhe
button.
l\
\/
Read the article. Underline the information in each paragraph that would
belong in a summary.
writing
Check
1.
tr
E
2.
tr
E
(/)
$avtl
the sentence in each pair that could belong in a summary of the passage.
f!!!![l
scence
15
TI
Read the sentences. Check (/) the -izgclause that implies actions that
happened at the same time, at a different time, or ror u r"uror;ura
Different
grammar
Reason
time
now tr
time
tr
tr
tr
overheated. tr
4. Having lost my ATM card, I can't withdraw money
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
2. Being
tr
6. Zoe is
7.
ru
trntr
trtrtr
l.
Same
take a picture
grammar
fatkirig
ar
3.
Reason:Bella
be a resourceful person
5. Same
6.
time: Celia
Reason:
be in her car
io @!
tr
vocabulary
2. Children
they're grown.
Z4
Have you had good or bad experiences with the new technology in the box?
Write sentences about your experience using -izgclauses.
grammar
1.
i
I
2.
c'',a
^r__
,,b;;,
-+\
\^v-
d;
J.
4.
Is!![l
Technology and
you
17
What does run amokmean in the title of the reading text? Read the blog and
check
tr
reading
(/)
yot:i. answer.
going too
fast tr
control n
http://www.cambrdge.orgl'technologyrunnlok
lii
For example, the distribution of information, once carefully researched, is now completely
uncontrolled on the lnternet. Anyone can say anything and nobody has the time to weed
out truth from fiction. There is a vast ocean of just words and opinions online. When I go to
the local library, at least I know I can trust the librarian to direct me to the best information
available on any topic. The lnternet is full of "authorities" whose credentials are questionable.
lrl
The cell phone, I must admit, can be of great use. But too often, it is used at the expense
of others, even their safety. I don't want to be forced to hear about someone's personal life
while waiting to see my doctor. I don't want to be forced to listen to someone's musical
response to a phone call, I don't want to be worried about other drivers while they make
an appointment for a manicure. A cell phone does not give people the right to ignore the
rights and safety of others.
Voice mail has also changed a lot in recent years. How I wish I could callthe gas company
or electric company and immediately connect with the person to whom I need to speak.
Now I have to press a series of numbers and listen to all kinds of electronic voices before I
can even get close to my destination.
When television first came out, it was a novelty. For a while, it didn't affect my daily life very
much, but as time went by, I became aware of how people were addicted to it. Today, my ry
gets thousands of channels - most with almost as much advertising as programming - and I
have to pay for it alll I have to pay to be told to buy things I either can't afford or don't want.
So, as our world becomes more and more controlled by our inventions, are we simplifying
our lives, or complicating them?
Comments (9)
;Ili,ir
Wd-Witg$fulfria:li;:
(/)
18 @D
,ir,iitii{
},
1t
vocabulary
l.
the e
2. Muriel's never bowled, so her high score was _
I got into the
nt
grammar
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
beginner's luck.
bad luck.
best of luck.
out of luck.
luck of the draw.
g. no
such luck.
http:,/,'www.carbridqe.orq/babymyths
I!!!![|
superstitions
19
grammar
As a child,
monster
believe
(lhart)
wybeA.
stuffed
my stuffed bear
2.
4. I
I
my parents
ZJ
grammar
Use the verbs in parentheses to explain what you would do in these situations.
is irst
2. Your
soccer teammate saw you rubbing a charm for good luck. How would
you explain this? (admit)
some
20 @D
Read the text and answer the questions. Write the letter of the
appropriate sentence.
writing
3. Which
traditional beliefs?
;;,!"i r-jtl' ,
I < " ILgJ Lll ti
kditional Beliefs
http://www.cup.orslbeliefs
Traditional Beliefs
a Traditional beliefs are not the same as superstitions.
They differ in that they supposedly transmit useful
For example,
Some
tr^t
m
not tr
generationr
Did your mother ever tell you to eat your canots because
they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that
eating carrots can help prevent a severe eye disease called
macular degeneration. Because carrots are rich in a
substance called beta carotene, eating just one canot a day
can reduce the likelihood of contracting this disease by 40 percent. ls garlic really good for you? lt turns out
that it is. lt can kill the type of virus that causes colds. How about chicken soup? We now understand that
chicken contains an amino acid that is similar to a drug often prescribed for people with respiratory infections.
Unfortunately, not all of Mom's advice has withstood medical inquiry. For example, generations of children
have been told not to go swimming for an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in
having lunch and then diving back into the ocean. ls chocolate really so bad for teenagers' skin? Doctors now
believe that there is little connection between diet and an outbreak of acne, Does candy cause tooth decay?
Well, yes and no. Sticky candy or other sweets made with grains tend to cause more decay than sweets made
Even though science can persuade us that some of our traditional beliefs don't hold water, there is still
a lot of wisdom in the beliefs that have been handed down from generation to generation.
of this lore has been accumulated from thousands of years of trial-and-error experience in family health care.
f We should respect this informal body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific evidence to
'r"itr'ffi
Write a composition about traditional beliefs in your own culture. Tell about
some you think are true, and some you think are not.
I@D
Superstitions
21
JI
Read the article and underline the reporting verbs that are in
the passive voice.
grammar
]A
vocabulary
Cross out the word that does not fit the meaning of the sentence.
1. It is
conceiuable
t*kdiry
/ plausible
10
believe it.
22 @D
grammar
ll's
estiwr
people hse
lhe lnlevne{.
(ruy)
of
sleep. (believe)
5. Items like plastic cups and toys take 500 years to break down.
6. About
(believe)
are effective
grammar
ll
2. believe /
ave ePectiVe.
3.
say
watches 20,000
years
I$!!fi!
Betieve it or
not
29
f l
|f0)
Read the article about the possible extrasensory perception of dogs. Match the
abilities on the left with the explanations on the right.
t. finding its way home
reading
_
_
2.
predicting thunderstorms
3.
a. changes
in barometric pressure
b. changes
C.
Do dogs have a sixth sense? Yes, but perhaps not in the way that is generally assumed. There
is noihing supernatural about canine sensitvities. They can all be explained by biological
mechanisms, although it is true that we are only beginning to understand some of them.
For instance, dogs can find their way home from long distances. lt has been said thai this
ability is based on the detection of subtle differences and changes in the earth's magnetic field.
We are still learning how dogs achieve such remarkable navigationalfeats as have been oblectively
become intensely alarmed and begin whimpering and trembling as if in pain. Their distress
increases when the thunder starls to boom, but it can be observed for some time before the storm
that domestic dogs are actinE out the behavior of their ancestors'
'
One of the most amazng claims for the do's sixth sense was
made recently by researchers who reported that they had discovered
infrared deteclors in the dog's nose. This could explain ceriain abilities
'
know that they exist on the snouts of certain snakes, and this
strengthens the case for their existence in dogs.
24 IIED
Check the statements that the author would probably agree with.
tr1.
42.
Scientists
D3.
44.
The behavior of some dogs during thunderstorms indicates that they are
afraid of drowning.
tr5.
The presence of heat detectors in some snakes proves that dogs have
similar sensors.
senses work.
JI
grammar
r.
or
so little.
NewMessage
@@
'Atth
Addr$s
To:
Subje(t:
Ntalie
@a@
Hey Natalie,
W show
House? tt's
Sr^ch
good show! lt's about a cranky doctor and his team of three
time for TV
that I skip most medical dramas. But this show isn't a typical
medical drama where doctors are compassionate. Dr. House
rude. ln fact, he's
is
are afraid of him. But even though Dr. House is rude, he's
brilliant. He knows
that he's usually the only person who can cure these patients. I had no idea there were
Et
different kinds of illnesses. I think you'd like this show. There are
EI
good shows on TV these days that you'll really appreciate this one.
Marcus
JA
.. . ) '::
::
vocabulary
+
cartoon
game show
documentary
news program
44r^1e
Show
reality w
sitcom
s0ap opera
talk show
sports program
2.
()
J.
4.
5. Ty
Ott interviews the actor Ash Lake and the chef Ami Tian.
6.
7.
A boy and his ladybug friend star in this animated kids' show.
8.
Alice Lee stars in this funny half-hour show about high school.
9. To
win, chefs live together and cook dishes for celebrity judges.
I!!!![l
Tetevision
25
ffi
Write six logical sentences by choosing one word or phrase from each column.
grammar
1.
fV
il
1ll
the
liu,re.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Zrl
grammar
viole\l
TV
J.
.)
4.
26 @[|
can be so
that
TV that
ffi
Choose either a reality TV show or a drama series that you are familiar with,
and write a review of it. Your review should answer the following questions.
Reality TV show
writing
Drama series
1. \fhat is the title of the drama series,
and when is it on?
4.
5. Is it original, or
lnvestigation
Reread your review. Are there places where adding more details would make
your writing better? If so, go back and add them.
@!![l
Television 27
TT
vacabulary
pr"tryfiffibt
2. My teacher
3. The last Harry Potterbook was so predictable /riuetingl read it in two days!
4. The way Nicholas Sparks describes the heartbreaking relationship
between the two main characters
p re di ctab le /
to
and
uching.
grammar
Underline the sentence adverbs in these dialogues. Then write them in the
chart below.
1.
2.
Jill:
3.
Aaron: I went to buy that new self-help book, but I couldn't find it.
Emma: Haven't you heard? It was removed from the bookstores.
Supposedly, the author used materials from other books without
giving credit to the original authors.
4.
so dull!
Teresa: I know. The writer probably didn't even like The Beatles.
5.
Josh: This is the third murder mystery I've read this month.
Tara: Obviously, you like that kind of book!
Julie:
deeper meaning.
clearrly
28 M[!
grammar
3. There is a magazine for almost any interest that a person might have. (definitely)
4. Young adults would read more if they had access to technology like online
libraries and e-books. (probably)
5.
future. (potentially)
7d
grammar
How does reading books and magazines compare with reading material on
the Internet? Write sentences using sentence adverbs.
1. Reatihq
ar
fh4\
ve4ihq
booL orrlihe.
2.
is potentially
3. Apparently,
4.
5. Supposedly,
6. Unfortunately,
I!![t
Trends in
reading
29
Read the book reviews below to find the answers to these questions. Then
read the book reviews again carefully.
reading
Me?
One is born to a father of enormous authority, the other to a crippled man. Amir
and Hassan live and play together, not simply as friends, but as brothers without
mothers. Loyalty and blood are the ties that bind their stories into a moving and
unexpected plot. Even though exotic Afghan customs and Farsi words pop up
occasionally, they are so well defined for the reader that the book is enlightening,
not at all tedious.
Hosseini is an original and gifted writer. His canvas might be a place and tme
we barely understand, but in Ihe Kite Runnerhe paints his art on the page,
where it is personal and touching to us all.
Check
(/)
whether each statement applies to Marley Me, The Kite Runner, or both.
Marley
&
30 M[|
Me
The
Kite
Both
Runner
trtrtr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
r*
l.
she makes.
grammar
2. The less
easier / harder
it is to make a living.
less
I fall asleep.
In my opinion, the more you learn about some musicians, the fewer /
you are able to understand them.
6. For
less
sooner
grammar
Lily: When
a guitarist?
influences?
it got.
Lily:
like his.
Shane:
!!!![l
A wortd of musie
3t
vocabulary
otl o*
wv heatAl.
Christina Aguilea
catchy)
grammar
Rewrite these sentences to make them true for you. If the sentence is already
true for you, write a sentence to support your opinion.
it
songs,
less
I enjoy them.
4. The more kinds of music there are online, the fewer opportunities we'll
have to learn about different cultures.
92 ltrfil
less
will spend
H
wrrting
people.
like.
listen.
songs.
volume.
artists.
You can't adjustthe volume.
fl: fl
"*
g'[o
re c ord
mood for.
You can listen to music in any order you'd like.
You can turn otf or skip songs you don't like.
You can listen only when musicians are playing
on stage.
Live music
Recorded music
]!!!![l
A wortd of
music
gg
Correct the underlined mistake in each sentence with one of the words in the
box. Some words will be used more than once.
vocabulary
be
get
break
pay
make
Most musicians must break their dues before they become successful. ?^y
2. After retiring in 2000, my favorite band is planning to get a comeback
1.
o.
4.
I want to be a singer. \Mhat advice do you have to make into the business?
5.
6.
It was so difficult
7. The first time I heard Madonna, I knew she wouldn'tpuy a one-hit wonder.
8. \4rhile some musicians may be talented and work hard, they might never
get a name for themselves in the music industry.
1. Kim:
grammar
2.
listen
was young,
so well.
How often do
you practice?
3.
5.
6.
94 @!
(listen) to
grammar
Zf 1. When
(/)
oow will
tr 2. Before the band got popular, it will never play before a sellout crowd.
E 3. Years ago, only bands with great musicianship would
E 4. \,\trhen the guitarist was young, he would
tr 5. In the past, the band will play only hard rock songs.
tr
Z,i
grammar
\tvhich music habits were or were not true for you in the past? \fhich are or
are not true for you now? Write sentences vmth wouldor will.
atCDl
2. listen to very loud music
4.
5. travel long
!!!![t
break
3s
Read the article. What do you think the root neuro- means?
reading
had extensive
musical training.
Overall, music
have significantlg
seems to involve
the brain at almost
everg level, and
researchers are alreadg
looking for wags to harness the
power of music to change the brain. Preliminarg
research also suggests that music mag plag
some role in enhancing intelligence. lndeed, so
seductive is the possibilitg that music can boost
a child's l0 that some politicians are lobbging
for school children to be exposed regularlg to
Mozart sonatas, although such research has
Uet to be confirmed.
(/)
yes or no.
Yes
1. Different areas of the brain respond to music.
2. The brains of classically trained male musicians grow larger than the
trtr
trtr
No
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
36 @l
grammar
You can work productively without the pressure that you may get from supervisors.
3.
Your home has a quiet room, which you can use as your office.
4.
job at home.
You have the office equipment that you will need to do your
5.
There are no family members who will bother you while you are trying to work.
6.
You won't miss the social interaction that many people enjoy in the workplace.
7.
You don't get distracted by household chores, which interfere with your work.
You can effectively use the telephone and e-mail to communicate with your co-workers,
whose help you may need while you are away from the office.
grammar
lhart 4lol
oQ people
lvy lo 4chieve.
2. Many people stay fit. These people find the time to work out
regularly at a gym.
3. For the best results, it's important to find a gym. You like
4. It may be a good
5. Your trainer
this gym.
can g"ive you advice. The advice can help you avoid injuries.
I!![|
Lifestyles in
transition
97
ffi
reqonsible
logical
vocabulary
(fi
\!.-l
1.
2. A:
B:
3. A: \Mhy did Meredith buy such a large car with gas prices so high?
B: I know it doesn't seem
, but she needed a big car
for her catering business.
4.
basis.
5.
6.
I really like the new waiter you hired. He's very polite and dependable.
Yes, he is. Even though he's young, he's quite
Z}
grammar
Use relative clauses and information of your own to complete these sentences.
4t
ovgarhiihg
their lime.
4. These
38 @D
Ghanging times
The
writing
l,Ve all feel that we have been able to build much stronger relationships within
the fami than we had before. 0f course, there are stilt disagreements, but we
communicate better with each other now. The idea of having regular fami meals
together, which seemed difficutt at first, has brought about many positive changes
in our ves.
l.
2.
3. \Mhat
I!!!!f,l
Lifestytes in
transition
99
grammar
t.
@t
3. Elena feels
^ century.
early 20th
a student.
6.
As / As though
old ones."
vocabulary
change
c. block a change
c1.
e.
f. welcome a change
_2.
Mr. Viera helped our office switch from using an outdated e-mail
program to a newer, more efficient e-mail program.
_3.
After being on a plane for eight hours,Joe was happy to finally land
in Hawaii and begin his vacation.
_4.
EunJu orders the same dish every time she goes out to eat. She
refuses to anything else on the menu.
_5.
When Mark first retired from his job, he had trouble finding ways to
fill his time. Now he plays golf and volunteers at the food bank.
6.
40 IED
Chansins times
Read each situation and answer the questions using as if, as thougl4 or like.
grammar
2.
3.
VI
grammar
losl
lratiliou.
lyailiohs
2. I don't feel
the way
act as
I did when I
was younger.
if
4. I still
my family did years ago.
5. I
feel
I$!![l
Preserving the
past
41
HI
Read the article. Find the words and phrases in boldface that match
the definitions.
1. a lOO-year-old person
reading
cehleh4viarlr
2. remove or reduce
3. mentally very healthy
4. an advanced number of years
It
be l00," she
says.
An instructor in psychology
at Harvard Medical School,
Silver says one conclusion
to emerge from the study
of centenarians in the
Boston area is that if you are
going to live to be 100, you have to plan
to live a healthy and forward-looking
lifestyle. Not only will that help you reach
a ripe old age, it will make ling to 100
more worthwhile if you do. One of Silver's
findings in the study is that a quarter of its
centenarians were "cognitively intact," and
@$?*qq9iltI@lwerywffiffffi*11,jwpqqw!@F.
n 1. Avoid habits that lead to bad health, such as eating saturated fats.
tr 2. Do things to keep your mind active.
! 3. Get lots of sun as often as possible.
! 4. Practice physical fitness.
tr 5. Get an annual checkup from your doctor.
tr 6. Avoid vitamins.
42 IED
Ghanging times
grammar
Underline the direct objects and circle the indirect objects in each sentence.
1. Some stores off"r
come back and buy more.
as incentives to
ru
grammar
l.
fhe
sarlespevsoh showe
womatn
lhe latesl
the
lrplops.
/ the salesperson
asked
5. the salesperson /
6.
said nothing
7.
a discount
$2,100
/ to / hirn
offered
her
told
gave
@!![t
market?
49
[ffi
lend
in each situation.
teach
grammar
1. Mai got a jazz music CD from her brother for her birthday, but she prefers pop.
t,tri shohl rek^vh the ja mr^sic CD to lhe store.
2. lan
and Pam want to go skiing with Kate, but Pam doesn't have enough money.
a computer,
4. Jessica's favorite Italian restaurant is Luigi's. Her fathei wants to eat Italian
food but doesn't know any restaurants.
5. Max sold his car to a neighbor. The car uses a lot of oil, but he forgot to say
anything about it. His neighbor is going to take a long trip.
vacahulary
Write a sentence about each situation using the expressions in the box.
hunter
compulsive
bargain
buyer's remorse credit
shopper
limit
shopping spree
window-shopping
1. Monica and Emil love to see what's on sale at their favorite stores. They
can spend hours doing this, without buying anything at all!
Bolh l.rrohicr ah Ey il love to go wih/ow-shoppihg.
2. \Alhen Gerry gets paid, he always buys things for himself, whether he needs
them or not. He often spends all of his money in one day.
3. Mark never pays full price for anything. He always searches for the best
price. He even goes to different parts of town to get a good price.
4. Before her wedding, Anne and her mother went shopping for everything they
would need for the wedding. They spent a lot of money and had a great time.
5. Jan bought an expensive pair of earrings today. She loved them at the store,
but now that she's home, she feels guilty for spending so much money.
6. \{hile Eric was on vacation, he used his credit card for everything. At the
end of the trip, he tried to buy a present but his card was denied.
44 @!
Gonsumer culture
Htr "
For each opinion, check (/) the two supporting examples or details that
support it. Then write another sentence to support the opinion
l.
wrrting
a.
tr
2.
tr
J.
a.
so
tr
tr
Write a thesis statement about one of the opinions above or one of your own.
Write a composition. Include your thesis statement in the first paragraph, and
develop your opinion with examples and details in subsequent paragraphs.
I$!@l
market? 4s
Read the letter from a customer to the owner of a supermarket. Underline the
subjunctive verbs.
grammar
I saw the sales flier for Munson's Market, and I felt it was imperative that I
write you. All the food on sale this week is snack food or highly processed food.
Although I buy these foods occasionally, I suggest that healthy food be on sale
too. It's crucial that people have the chance to buy affordable healthy foods, and
I recomr,nend that your supermarket start putting them on sale. I also Propose
that you offer a larger selection of fresh fruits and vegetables. Many people don't
buy fresh foods because they just don't know about thm. I think it's essential
that your customers get the chance to incorporate these foods into their meals.
Thank you.
W,u&l-
fr**r,
Marcella Guzman
grammar
Use the words in parentheses to rewrite each sentence using the subjunctive.
2. Children should
3.
Parents should read reviews before their children see a movie. (it is crucial)
4. The government must prevent kids from dropping out of school. (we insist)
grammar
3. If you think
46 @f,l
Gonsumer culture
a career
I propose that
vocabulary
\Mhat marketing strategies would you use for each product? Use the phrases in
the box to write a sentence explaining your decision.
behavioraltargeting
celebrity
spam
frequent-buyer
online W
programs
commercials
2. investment
product placement
telemarketing
services
3. a new restaurant
4. sports equipment
5. a health club
6. MP3 players
I$!!t[t
Gonsumer
awareness 47
tr overeating
tr enjoying ceremonies
reading
(/)
getravior StqdY
;f shoPaholics
feeling sad
Check
(/)
beings are extremely good at discounting longterm problems and are hlpersensitive to short-
term benefits."
The therapy's aim was to help people find
better ways of managing their negative
emotions. "You often have to start to get
people to corectly recognize their emotions,"
Blampied said. "Not being able to discriminate
what you really feel impairs your ability to solve
the problem associated with what's making you
feel that way."
48 EE[l
Consumer culture
rj
grammar
whereuer.
where.
2.
3.
grammar
Rewrite the last sentence of each dialogue with a sentence including a clause
starting with wheneaer or whereaer-
1. A: I'm going over to Nancy's apartment. Would you like to come with me?
B: No, I can't. She has a cat, and I'm allergic to them. Any time I'm around
slavt
sheeilrg.
leashes.
upset.
B: She's just excited. She looks like that any time she sees a bird outside.
Is!![t
Animats in our
tives
49
antennae
vocabulary
l.
fangs fin
feathers
Paws
tal
talons
wing
beaL
Combine the phrases from the two columns to make logical sentences.
WheneverlseeaPuppll,
Pet reptiles should-be kept.where
Whenever peoPle have Pets,
grammar
1.
2.
3.
4.
50 @
hooves
gills horns
Animals
HI
wrrting
No
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
n
n
tr
than
tr
own children.
as
main
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
c. Movies
:use
animals to
tell
How would you choose to classify how animals are viewed in your culture?
Write a thesis statement and three topics.
Thesis statement:
2.
3.
!!!@l
Animats in our
tives
s1
TT
grammar
1. Whoevev
a Pet on a plane,
prepared to pay
transport it.
to
-arguments
q
t'
t'.\
*,i'i
\
o'
''*,
yi
you should be
the airline charges
4,8"'.
4. I wouldn't have
5. -__=.--has
6.
vocabulary
the weather,
for a walk in the morning.
bee
lamb
busy as a
gentle as a
while
1. You are impressed that your brother can lift all the heavy boxes you packed
moving to a new apartment. \[hat do you say?
My
brolhev is ts slvohg
ts ih ox!
2. A friend asks you to the movies, but you're in bed with the flu. \^rhat do
you say?
3. Your roommate comes home late, but she's careful not to wake you up'
How do you describe her?
ask your sister to lunch, but she has shoppinq to d9, a deadline at
work, ud u doctor's appointment. How do you describe her?
4. You
sounds too good to'e tiue. You don't trust him. How do you describe him?
6. You're afraid to Pet Your friend's dog. Your friend tells you that her dog
quiet and calm. What does Your friend say?
s2 IEO
Animals
is
grammar
Do you agree or disagree with these statements? Respond to what the first
speaker says. Write sentences with whoeuer or uthateaer.
5. A:
Z,j
gramma
Complete these sentences with ideas of your own. Use whoeaer or whateaer.
1.
pet
3.
5.
!!!![l
pets
s3
HI
reading
Read the title and first paragraph of this story, and answer the questions. Then
read the rest of the story.
1. Do you think the people in the story will have good or bad luck?
gCoiryole Coms
Every Bosnian child knows the story of
a poor woman who caught a golden fish,
released it, and in return gained wealth
and happiness. It's a Balkan fairy tale,
but it turned into reality for
r:,,ofle Poor familY. "Whatever
1v2
'
here is beyond
flourished.
After their return, Fehima
and her sons started feeding
the fish and then selling them.
Nowo homes, bars, and coffee
shops in the region have aquariums
containing fish from Jezero.
The Malkoc house, rebuilt from ruins, i
one of the biggest in the village. The family'
says it has enough money not to have to
worry about the future.
Other residents are welcome to catch
and sell the fish. But most leave that to the
Malkocs. "They threw the fish into the
f.
s4 @t
Animals
i.
grammar
u"@t
has been
triedto get
should tax
/ should
be taxed
the people
4. If the microphone had not broken, his speech might hate deliuered
hale
been deliaered
/ might
more successfully.
grammar
again!
Rewrite each sentence using the passive voice. Do not include the agent.
1. After the soccer team won the championship, the coach thanked the players.
fhe plryevs weve tharhke a*ler lhe soccev tearr*r woh the ch4y piohship.
4. The language that people hear on the street these days is full of slang.
I!!!@t
Gommunication
skitts
ss
vocabulary
first
first of
all
furthermore
in
in
addition likewise
to
second
begin
to sum up
yet
1. Tb start with, thank you for coming to the first annual working
Moms Conference.
Worhrrg l*tomS CortPe"e,tce.
3.
4. Raising kids and working is a privilege. However, you should take care of
yourself too.
grammar
Complete the sentences with your own ideas. Use the passive'
1. l.tv best
2.
when I ate
5.
so I@
Language
a movie.
wrrting
Read the two positions about using Internet sources as references in written
assignments or work presentations. Then find the supporting reasons for each
position, and write them in the blanks.
Posions
2. Internet
Reasons
' Internet
' Internet
sources
sources
. Internet sources
' Internet sources
' Internet sources
information out.
'Internet
B Which position
I$!!!D
Gommunication
skitts
s7
more than
circle the correct form of the verbs in the paragraph. Sometimes
one answer is correct.
grammar
(i
was
/@asked
write in
sle.E-mailmessagesmayalsoincludeabbreviationsthatnoteveryone
(5)und.erstands/understand'Alotofyoungerusers(6)tend/tendstowrite
minor of e-mail
with abbreviaons such as "IDK', for "I don't know." only a
"Dear Mr' smith" and
writers (7) includes / includecustomary formulas, such as
that a very informal sle is
" sincerely yours." The experts (B) feels / feel
appropriate for business e-mail.
grammar
Percentage of students
'
2. I
8596
1009
309
in the language'
09
s096
all
half
maority
minority
58 l![f[l
Language
the dialogues br- using the correcr form of the expressions in the
.compl,et
box. Make any necessarl'changes.
vocabulary
t.
2. A: Did
I left?
3. A: Did you tell Lisa about our plans for her birthday?
B: I tried to, but she just kept
with her car.
4. A: Ms. Chao read my report and said awful things about it.
B: Well, she
, but she's also very perceptive.Just
try to focus on what she's saying about your work.
5. A: I know you want to discuss the report, but I want to talk about my
new customer.
B: Let's
6.
A: That meeting was so long! I thought Bob would never stop talkingl
B: He sure
, doesn't he?
Z,
grammar
4. The majority of TV
newscasters
]!![t
ilaturat tanguage s9
Read the article. Find the words in boldface that match these definitions.
1.
obstacle iu,rPeit^,reht
reading
4. value, worth
5. justification
'!
Dialects
Do you hotd any of the following beliels?
There is a single standard variety of American English.
Varieties of English that differ from the standard are substa:
Official encouragement of more than one langiuage is an
impediment to national uni.
I*::
:f :l
i,3 .i:3t
ffi','J;i:
t
B
Read these statements. Are they supported by the information in the article?
Check (/) yes or no.
Yes
1.
trtr
trtr
No
and logic.
J.
oo
l!fi|ft
Lansuase
Rewrite these sentences using compound adjectives. More than one answer is possible.
grammar
4. Maxwell's is not
at
vocabulary
My
2.
J.
gy I know.
4.
5.
6.
I hope Zachis
ft!!![l
High
achievers
61
[t
What qualities should these people have? Write a sentence using two
compound adjectives.
grammar
ele m enta
ry
1. Ah elemehlavy
mountain climber
school teatchev
2.
shoul e kih-heavleA
a\A
well etrcotle)*.
o2 IEII
car salesman
soccer player
5.
6.
Exceptional people
zl"
writing
EN5!I-EIN
LEONARD BERNSTEIN was perhaps the single grearesr figure in
American classical music in the rwenrieth..nury. Born in t"ytS in
Lawrence, Massachusetts, he srudied piano as a child in Boston.
Upon
his graduation from Harvard in 1939, he went to philadelphi, ,udy r,
the curtis Institute. @ By the rime Bernstein finished his irainine, he as
widely respected as a major talent in the music world.
@
tl
@ Bernstein died in
There are six boxes in the biography. Find where each of the following
sentences should go and write the number of the box beside the senteice.
a. In 1969, Bernstein left the New York Philharmonic and spent the remaining
years of his life composing a wide variety of music, conducting all over the
world, and teaching young musicians.
Choose someone you admire who has made a difference in people's lives. Research
the key facts of the person's life, and write a three-paragrupr, bigruplry.
I!!!![l
Hish
achievers 63
adjectives'
Read the text and underline the superlative compound
JI
**
grammar
p'oft'*'t-lthe
F'ni-n
nt*;il;tt"tnt'
grammar
2.
3.
(hard-working)
in the movie we
oscar: what did you think of the lead actor's performance
saw
last night?
He.gave^ one
of
4.
Internet?
Rich: Have you seen the video clip of the singing dog on the
Linda: No, I haven't. But I've heard that it's one of
(widely downloaded) clips of the week'
5.
64 Ef
ExcePtiona! People
ffi
grammar
the
seen is
J.
Hugh Jackman
is from Korea.
Z}
Correct the underlined mistake in each sentence with one of the words in the box.
will be used more than once.
Some words
vocahulary
after
to
through
with
J.
4.
I'm not sure who to side to in this argument! You both have valid points.
Many middle-aged people not only look with their children, but they take care of their
elderly parents at the same time.
6.
7.
8.
If you don't face up with your problems soon, they'll only get worse.
5.
[!!![t
peopte we
admire
6s
reading
Read this article about Mdecins Sans Frontires (MSF), or Doctors Without
Borders. Then check the adjectives that describe the organization.
E
E
D 1. Oslo-based
E 2. overly bureaucratic
3.
award-winning D
5. internationaily minded
4. narrow-minded
tL DIsTINGIIIsHul4.
qffii---*'
sitiiiiiiii--' ttffi
"pioneering humanitarian
this border?
peace taureate.
The committee's
in origin.
have
professional
right to
nearly 80
2.
J.
4.
MSF
Red Cross
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
tr
66 IEI]
doesn't mean
human
It
anything to us."'
Exceptional PeoPle
points.
vocabulary
1. I would rather work around t@)aboss who is organized and strict instead
of a boss who is disorganized-and nice.
21
grammar
with
yes
or
n0.
HadJanet not lost her job at a bakery, she wourd never have considered
starting her own business.
a business
would be?
HadJanet h-ud large family, she might not have been able to spend a lot of time
1
developing her business.
@!@l
Entrepreneurs 6z
HJ
')'
ft&$trffiq
grammar
6'l,l$D
the man
wouldn't have won first Prize'
frae. Ya
a good
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writing
85 Sun Roacl
Phoenix, AZ 85051
4226N.22nd St.
Phoenix, AZ85016
June7,2009
Dear Ms. Marquez:
I am writing in response to the advertisement for a copy machine technician in last Sunday's
Phoenix Star.I am very interested in the position and am enclosing my rsum for your
consideration. It is very kind ofyou to read this letter.
I believe that I meet all of the qualifications that you specify. You have probably never had
I am! I have had five years ofexperience as a copy machine
technician in a retail environment. I am trained in digital and color technology, and I have
experience with all major brands of equipment.
a candidate as qualied as
In addition to my technical skills, I enjoy training staff members and am very good with
customers. None of my current customers wants me to leave.
I would appreciate the opportunity to discuss this position with you in person. I look forward
to hearing from you at your convenience.
Sincerely,
9.,*'^ c4l"-
\-/
James Ditzler
Imagine a job that you would be interested in having. Make notes on the
following.
Your experience:
use your notes to write a business letter applying for the job you are
interested in.
!!!@l
Entrepreneurs 69
rt
grammar
5. \Mhether or not
grammar
Respond to what the first speaker says in the conversations. Write sentences
using the adverb clauses of condition provided.
1.
it.
(provided that)
B:
at a job,
I'd leave
B:
5. A: If my
I strongly
disagreed with,
70 ED
Business matters
;#
Under what conditions would you do or not do these things? Write sentences using the
expressions in the box.
grammar
assuming (that)
on the condition (tha0
provded (that)
supposing (that)
whether or not
at
work.
5. quityourjob
vocabulary
Choose the quality that you consider to be the most important for each job.
Then write a sentence explaining why.
l.
leadership ability)
@!@t
The new
worker
71
Htr "
reading
Traditional recruiting procedures for attracting highquality workers include background checks and
face-to-face interviews. However, some employers
are augmenting the usual screening methods with
less conventional techniques. Although these
procedures,are used to weed 0ut undesirable
applicants, they also help to assess potential.
lnsghts
Many agree ihat one of the oldest recruitment methods
the interview is the stll the best. The psychologist
Handwriting analYss
Debbie Berk, president of Signature Dynamics, a
handwriting-analysis firm, says that 90 percent of her
clents are managers seeking ether t0 assess work
potential or to analyze the behavior of current
employees. Although many people balk at using this
method, it has been used to determine pr0m0tl0ns
or new hires at many companies. "l've had clients tell
me they thought this was voodoo," Berk said. "But
they have seen the validity in it and continue to use
my services."
tl,atchdogs
Companies do not use these methods without
oversight. Civil rights lawyers track both traditional
job
candidates.
Business matters
or
According to the information in the article, the following sentences are false.
Rewrite them to make them true.
2. Handwriting
blame others?)
72 @|
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