UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

STRUCTURE DESIGN
(BPD 30802)
SEMESTER 1 SESI 2014/2015

GROUP ASSIGNMENT
(EXAMPLE 6.1)
GROUP MEMBER:
1
2
3
4

MEGAWATI ANDI ARIP

NORHASZEERIN BT ISHAK
NUR IZWANA BT HASHIM
NORAFINAH BT ADIN

CP130083
CP130044
CP130052
CP130007

CHECKED BY: PROF.MADYA DR.CHRISTY A/L PATHROSE GOMEZ

MARKS
QUESTION

A rectangular reinforced concrete beam is simply supposed on two masonry walls 300mm thick
and 8.0m apart (clear distance). The beam has to carry a distributed permanent action of 20kN/m
(excluding beam self-weight) and a variable action of 10kN/m. The material to be used are grade
C20 concrete and grade 500 reinforcement. The beam is inside buildings which subjected to 1
hour fire resistance and design for 50 years design life. Design the beam.
SPECIFICATION
W kN/m

h 650
L 8m
Effective Span, L = 8.30m
Permanent Action, gk = 20 kN/m ( Excluding Self-weight )
Variable Action, qk = 10 kN/m
Design Life = 50 years ( Table 2.1 EN 1990 )
Fire Resistance = R60 ( Table 5 EN 1992-1-2 )
Exposure Classes = XCL
Characteristic Strength of Concrete, fck = 20 N/mm ( Table F.1)
Characteristic Strength of Steel, fyk = 500 N/mm
Characteristic Strength of Link, fyk = 500 N/mm
Unit Weight Reinforced Concrete = 25 kN/m ( Table A.1)
Assumed : Bar 1 = 20mm
Bar 2 = 12mm
Link = 8mm
SIZE

b 300

Overall Depth, h =

L/13

8300
=638.46
13
Width, b = 0.4h
0.4 63 8.46=255.38 mm

Used: b h
300 mm 650 mm

DURABILITY, FIRE AND BOND REQUIREMENT

Min conc cover regard to bond, Cmin.b = 20mm
Min conc cover regard to durability, Cmin.dur = 15mm
Min required axis distance for R60 fire resistance,
asd = 30 + 10
= 40mm
Min. concrete cover regard to fire,
cmin = asd - link - bar2
= 40 - 8 - 0.5 (20) = 22
Allowance in design for deviation, cdev = 10mm
Nominal cover,
cnom = cmin + cdev
= 22 + 10
= 32mm

LOADING & ANALYSIS

Beam selfweight : (0.30 0.65) X 25

4.9 kN/m

Permanent load (excluding selfweight)

20.00 kN/m

Characteristic permanent action, gk

24.09 kN/m

Characteristic variable action, qk

10.00 kN/m

Design action,

Wd = 1.35 gk + 1.5 qk
= 1.35 (24.09) + 1.5 (10.00)
= 47.52 kN/m

Wd = 47.52 kN/m

L= 8.30m

Shear force,
V = Wd L/2
= 197.2 kN

Bending moment,
M = Wd L/8
= 409.21 kN/m

MAIN REINFORCEMENT
Effective depth,
d = h - cnom - link - bar

= 587mm

d' = cnom + link + bar2

= 49mm

Design bending moment, MEd

= 409.21 kN/m

K=

M
bd fck
409.2110
2
(300 587 20)

= 0.198

Redistribution ratio,

Redistribution = 0%
Kbal = 0.454 (
= 0.363 (

k1
k1

k2

)/

0.182 [(

) 0.116 (

= 0.167
K > Kbal
Compression reinforcement is required
Z = d [0.5 +

0.25Kbal
1.134

= 0.82d
= 0.82 587
= 481.8mm

x=

(dz )
0.4

= 263.1mm

k1

)2

= 1.0
k1

)/

k2

]2

d'
x

49

= 263.1 = 0.19 < 0.38

the compression steel will have yielded

fsc = 0.87 fyk
Area of compression steel
( K Kbal ) fck bd
As' = 0.87 fyk (dd )

Use: 3H12 (339mm)

( 0.1980.167 ) (20 300 5872 )

0.87 500 ( 58749)

= 273.85mm
= 280mm
Area of tension steel
Kbal fck bd
As' = 0.87 fyk Zbal

Use: 7H20 (2199mm)

+ 252

0.167(20 300 5872)

0.87 500 481.8

+ 280

= 1927mm
Minimum and maximum reinforcement area
Asmin = 0.26 (fctm / fyk) bd
= 0.26 (2.21 / 500) bd
= 0.0011 bd
= 0.0013 300 587
Asmax = 0.04 Ac
= 0.04 300 650

use = 0.0013 bd
= 229mm
= 0.04 bh
= 7800mm

SHEAR REINFORCEMNT
Design shear force,
Concrete strut capacity

VRD max =

VEd = 197.2 kN

cot +tan

0.36 wd fck(1fck /250)

cot + tan

0.36 300 587 20(120/250)

= 22deg cot = 2.5

= 583 kN
= 45deg cot = 1.0

= 466 kN

VRD max cot = 2.5

VRD max cot = 1.0

VEd
VED

Therefore angle

0.5 sin

0.5 sin

22
1fck /250
0.18 b wd fck
VEd

120/ 250
0.18 30 0 587 20
197.2 103

1
= 0.5 sin
{0.34} = 9.94

Use: = 22.0

tan = 0.40

cot = 2.48

Shear links
Asw/S = VED/ 0.78 fck d cot

Use: H8 - 325

= 197.2 10

/ 0.78 x 500 x 578 x 2.48

= 0.347
Try link:

2
Asw = 101 mm

H8

Spacing, s = 101/0.35
= 288 mm
Max. Spacing,

s max

= 0.75d = 0.75 x 587 = 440mm

Minimum link
1

Asw/S = 0.08 fck 2 bw / fyk

1
= 0.08 x (20)2 x 300/500

Use: H8 - 425

= 0.215
Try link:

2
Asw = 101 mm

H8

Spacing, s = 101/0.2
= 505

>

0.75d = 440mm

Shear resistance of minimum links

Vmin = (Asw/s) (0.78 d fyk

cot )

= (101/425) x (0.78 x 587 x 500 x 2.5)

= 134 kN
Link Arrangement
197.2kN
134kN

X = 197.2 - 134
40.7
= 1.55mm
134kN
197.2kN

Additional longitudinal reinforcement

Additional tensile force,

F td = 0.5 VEd cot

= 0.5 x 197.2 x 2.48

244 kN

3
MEd, max / z = 409.2 x 10 / 481.8

= 849 kN

>

F td

Additional longitudinal reinforcement,

As =

F td / 0.87 fyk
3

= 244 x 10

Use: 2H20 (628mm)

/ 0.87 x 500

= 561 mm

DEFLECTION
Percentage of required tension reinforcement,

= As,req / bd
= 1927 / 300 x 587

0.011

Reference reinforcement ratio,

0

= fck

1
2

3
x 10

1
2

= (20)

3
x 10

Percentage of required compression reinforcement,

1

= As,req / bd
= 280 / 300 x 587

= 0.016

Factor for structural system, K = 1.0

>

use equation (2)

= 0.0045

l
d

=K

11 +1.5 fck

+ 1 fck 1
1 2
0

= 1.0 (11 + 3.21 + 0.23)

(2)

14.4

Modification factor for span greater than 7m

= 7/span = 7/8

= 0.85

Modification factor for steel area provided,

= As,prov / As,req = 1885/ 1624 = 1.16 < 1.5
Therefore allowable span-effective depth ratio,
l

= 14.4 x 0.85 x 0.97

= 11.87

Actual span-effective depth

l

= 8300 / 587

= 14.1

<

CRACKING
Limiting cracking width, Wmax = 0.3 mm
Steel stress,
f

Gk +0.3 Qk
fyk
1
x
1.15 (1.35 G k +1.5 Q k )

= (500 / 1.15) x [(24.09 + (0.3 x 10.0)) / 47.52] x 1.0

= 247N/mm

Ok!

Max.allowable bar spacing

= 150mm

Bar spacing,
S

= [300 2(35) 2(8) (20)] / 2

= 97mm

DETAILING

<

150mm