CHAPTER 1: The world through Our Senses

1.1

The Sensory Organs And Their Function

1. List our five senses.

Sense

2. State the types of senses, the sensory organs and the type of stimulus
associated with the activities given.
Activity
(a) Eating
burger
(b)Watching
television
(c) Listening
to radio
(d)Touching
hot kettle
(e) Smelling
a rose
flower

Sense

Sensory organ

Stimulus

1.2 Sense of Touch

3. By using the words given, complete the flow chart below to show the pathway
from stimulus to response.
Nerve

Stimulu
s

Receptor

Brain

Effectors

Respons
e
1

4. Label the following diagram with the words given.

Heat receptors
Epidermis

Pain receptors
Cold receptors
Pressure receptors Fatty layer

Dermis
Touch receptors

1.3
Sense of Smell
5. Identify and label the following diagram with the words given.
Nerve

Brain

Nasal cavity

Sensory cell

Nostril

Structure of the nose

6. Answer the following questions.

(a) Where are the smell sensory cells located in the nose?
____________________________________________________________________________
(b)Why the sensory cells are always covered with a mucous lining?
To enable the _____________ in the air to dissolve in it and stimulate the
________________
(c) Why is our nose not able to function well when we have flu?
The passage in our nose is blocked due to
__________________________________________

1.4
Sense of Taste
7. Complete the flow map below to show the detection of taste at the tongue.

_____________in food
Dissolves in the __________
Stimulate the taste ___________
The taste receptors produces ____________
The _________ send the impulses to the brain
The brain __________ the taste

8. Answer the following questions.

(a) Where is the taste receptors located on the tongue?
_____________________________________________________________________________
(b)What is the role of saliva when we taste food?
Saliva enables ____________ in food to dissolve in it before the taste buds can
detect the taste.
(c) The taste buds on the tongue are sensitive to
________________________________________
(d)The sense of taste is affected by____________________. When the sense of
smell is not functioning, our tongue cannot ______________ properly.
(e) When a person has running hose, he finds his food tastes _____________. This
is because his sense of ______________ is not functioning.
3

1.5
9. Label the parts of the human ear shown below.
Oval window
Eardrum
Auditory nerves
canal

Sense of Hearing

Ossicles
Ear pinna

Ear

10.
By referring to the pathway of sound waves, fill in the blanks to explain the
mechanism of hearing.
(a) When a sound reaches the ear, the ear pinna ____________ the sound wave
and ____________ it into the auditory canal.
(b)The auditory canal ____________ the sound waves to the eardrum.
(c) When the sound waves hit the eardrum, it ______________ at the same
frequency of the sound wave.
(d)When the eardrum vibrates, the _______________ which are right next to it will
also vibrate and _____________ the vibration.
(e) The oval window then ____________ the vibration from the ossicle bones to the
cochlea.
(f) The cochlea is filled with liquid which will change the vibration into
______________
(g)The impulses are _____________ to the brain through the auditory nerve.
(h)The brain ______________ the impulses and thus follow the hearer to
understand and discern the sound.

1.6
11.

Sense of sight
Identify the parts and label the following diagram with the words given.
Yellow spot

Choroid

Sclera

Optic nerve

Blind

Aqueous humour

Cornea

Retina

Ciliary body

Iris

Vitreous humour

Pupil

spot
Eye lens

Suspensory ligament

12.

Match the following parts of the eye with their functions.

Part of the eye

Function

a. Iris

Send nerve impulse to the brain

interpretation

b. Eye lens

Detect light or any image that falls on it

c. Vitreous
humour

Controls the size of pupil

Detects light and generate nerve impulses

d. Retina

e. Yellow spot

Focuses light onto the retina

f.

Optic
Maintains the shape of the eyeball and
nerve
helps to focus light
1.7Light and Sight
13.Tick (/) for the correct descriptions of vision defect.

Able to see close objects clearly

Unable to see far objects clearly

14.Write True or False for the following statements of long-sightedness.

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.

Experienced by old people because their eye lens become less

elastic
Cannot see near objects clearly
Corrected by using convex lens
Image formed in front of retina
Able to see far objects clearly
The eyeball is too short or the lens is too thick
Caused by unevenly curved cornea

1.8Sound and Hearing

15.Write true for the correct statements and false for the incorrect statements.
i.

ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.

Exposure to loud sounds for a long

duration of time will cause hearing
defects
We cannot hear sound with a
frequencies higher than 20 Hz
Surgery can be done to repair a torn
eardrum
If the ossicles fuse together, a person
will become deaf
A hearing aid is used to determine the
direction of sound
Earphones are used to make the
sound louder
The statoscope amplifies the
heartbeat
Sound is absorbed when it hits hard
surfaces

16.Answer all the following questions to show the connection of stereoscopic vision and
monocular vision with the survival of animals.

(a) State the type of vision animals X and Y have.

X : ___________________________
____________________________

Y:

(b) State the animal that has a wider field of vision

_______________________________________
(c) State one advantage of the type of vision possessed by animals X and Y.
8

X : __________________________________________________________________________
Y : __________________________________________________________________________
(d) Draw the field of monocular vision and stereoscopic vision.

1.9The Stimuli and Response in Plants

17.Match the following diagrams with the correct types of response

Type of response

Geotropism
Phototropism
Thigmotropism
Nastic movements
Hydrotropism

Diagram

18.Diagram below shows an apparatus set up to study the response of plants to certain
stimuli.

(a) Which part of the plant will grow towards

i.
the moist cotton?
_______________________________________
ii.
the hole?
_______________________________________
(b) State one type of response in plant that is not observed in the diagram.
__________________________________________________________
(c) What is the function of the silica gel?
___________________________________________
(d) What is the function of the black box?
____________________________________________

10