UNIVERSIDAD DE LA COSTA

DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS BSICAS

FACULTAD DE INGENIERA

COMPORTAMIENTO LINEAL DE UN DIODO

Anelis Conrado Vargas. Ing. paternina
Grupo AD

Abstract

elements industrial safety. The

level of compliance, where it
was found was determined that
managers reported high level
while the Committee on Health
and Industrial Safety showed a
low level.

The
research
aimed
to
determine
the
relationship
between behavior functional
and industrial safety workers
sector companies Construction
of the state of Zulia. The
research
was
descriptive,
applied,
correlational,
nonexperimental,
correlational
transeccional
field.
The
population consisted of three
construction
companies
Maracaibo where 59 workers
were
analyzed.
Two
questionnaires were used to
measure functional behavior
and safety, validated by experts
and power discriminatory, with
a reliability of 0.98 and 0.95
respectively.
data
were
analyzed using descriptive and
correlational
statistics.
the
results indicated that human
error related aspects including
memory
lapses
staff,
information
management,
overconfidence and ignorance
technician,
as
companies
incentivized courses to avoid
the error human, and scored as
present or absent some factors
related
to
fatigue
and
maintenance
errors.
We
identified human failure modes
and
deficiencies
noted
in
equipment
reliability,
inexperience management of
these, neglect and lack of
availability of resources to
implement the maintenance.
Industrial safety elements are
identified and indicated that
had
objectives,
rules
and
procedures of health and safety
as well as they maintained a
favorable final trend on plan

Keywords:
Functional
behaviors, safety, construction.
I
1. NTRODUCTION
Companies today are directed
to consider the management of
resources
human
as
a
fundamental aspect in all its
variations. One area of this
effort is limited to the functional
behavior in organizations. the
functional behaviors become an
item of interest to human
resources, as it is considered
that the teams of companies
represent a key aspect that
determines the success of it;
provided they are handled
properly.
However,
such
functional
behaviors seen in the light of
the conduct focused on hygiene
and safety,
represents an
aspect essential reason, the
human
factor
becomes
important over time preserving
the reliability of operations and
the welfare of workers. Thus,
we expect that organizations
provide working conditions that

do not harm the health of their

workers, which implies take
steps
to
ensure
a
work
environment that protects staff
accidents, diseases caused by
pollution, high noise level, lack
machinery
maintenance,
among others. Therefore, it is
considered
an
important
research topic analyze variables
linked to the availability of the
skills and attitudes of the force
work, as well as with regard to
safety and health, as both are
important activities for the
maintenance of the physical
conditions and psychological
staff.
With
reference
to
the
approaches described above,
the present
research
was
directed to determine the
relationship between functional
behaviors Industrial safety and
employees of companies in the
sector construction of Zulia
state.

2. THEORETICAL BASES
The functional behavior
Using the criterion of Gil (2001)
9
comprises
the
set
of
behaviors exhibited by human
beings
and
influenced
by
culture, attitudes, emotions,
values, cultural person, ethics,
exercise
of
authority,
relationship,
persuasion,
coercion and / or genetics.
The
author
defines
the
functional behavior and the
ability of the operator to
perform a required function
under a certain condition and in
a period given time. When you
do not have that ability is when
mistakes happen by means of
the
quantification
and
evaluation of these, where the
degree shown functional refers
to the execution of behaviors
within the organizational level,
which must be in accordance
with
the
procedures
and
essential purposes of the task,
covering aspects related to
human error and failure modes.
and influenced by culture,
attitudes,
emotions,
values
individual and cultural values,
ethics, exercise of authority, the
relationship.

To that end aspects were

characterized associated with
human error, human failure
modes, the elements of the
industrial safety and the level of
compliance with the policies
and standards industrial safety
to
finally
establish
the
relationship between behavior
functional and industrial safety
workers
sector
companies
construction of Zulia state.

Therefore, it is understood that

the
functional
behavior
repertoire comprises behaviors,
adjusted to the conditions and
organizational
requirements,
which serve the purpose of
achieving the effective range of
goals and objectives.

For purposes of this paper, we

consider the approaches and
Armndola Depool (2006), 3
and Poy (2006), 17 to consider
the
assessment
functional
behavior,
while
covering
aspects related to human error
and failure modes studied in
this research.
ASPECTS
RELATED
HUMAN ERROR

Following Leplat and Terssac

(2003), the minimum definition
of
human
error
involved
forwarding the idea regarding a
standard.
You
need
to
understand
this
deviation
between the expected behavior
and actually taken to start the
search for solutions to reduce
their probability of occurrence.

TO
The aforementioned authors
note that the existence of a
variation between the task
prescribed (procedure set) and
the actual (task as performed)
can
analyzing,
and
understanding of ways, but in
most cases is indicative of the
non-functional nature of the
requirements
imposed
by
designer technical device or
who organizes work. Remodel
the task allows a person to
better adapt to changes in the
work situation.

Before discussing the issues

associated to human error, it is
essential
to
consider
conceptualizations referred to
this. Leplat (2002) 12 points to
the diagnosis of their origin and
their treatment by the worker is
an important phase of job
analysis, which brings into play
the knowledge of the person on
the home work. It can be done
by counting errors, description,
conditions produced and the
effects of these; The objective
is to eliminate the sources of
error
and
decreasing
its
consequences.

In
this
aspect,
Carabana,
Garrido and Luque (2003) 5
note that to account the origin
of
unwanted
events,
the
analysis should focus on the
real activity. This is not always
comparable to the prescribed
task or task effective; why it is
necessary to consider the
actual activity in situations
normal and incident or unusual
situations.

To Leplat and Cuni (2003), 13

the error analysis is important
and widely used ergonomics,
for error, especially one that is
made during the learning
providing detailed information
about the essential elements of
the job: signals that have not
been
received,
premature
decisions, inadequate response,
among others. Human error
occurs when a human behavior
or effect on the system exceed
the limits
of acceptability
thereof.

The same authors add that to

estimate the probability of error
human, human behavior must
be
understood
and
the
variables that determined. The
modeling of human error is
complex,
so
that
the

assumptions, mechanisms and

approaches that are used to
model behavior may not be
used for all models behavior of
human activities. The models
have
different
limitations,
mainly due to the following:

Human failure modes according

Armndola and Depool (2006)
allow understand exactly what
they should try to prevent.
When performed
This step is important to
identify what is the origin of
each of her cause, ensuring
that time is not wasted and
effort treating the symptoms
rather
than
causes.
The
elimination of potential failure
modes has benefit both the
short and long term.

Here, Florez (2003), 8 states

that human behavior is a
complex issue that can not be
described
as
a
single
component.
the
human
behavior can be affected by
various factors such as are the
social,
environmental,
psychological,
and
various
physical factors, difficult to
model and quantify.

In the short term, as the

authors mentioned, represents
cost
savings
of
repairs,
repetitive
testing
and
downtime.
The
long-term
benefit is much more difficult to
measure as it is related to
customer satisfaction with the
product
and
with
their
perception of quality; it affects
future purchases of products
and is critical to creating a good
image of thereof.

The author adds that human

actions cannot be considered to
have fault states / binary
success, as in the case of
failures components. On the
other hand, cannot be analyzed
by
the
analysis
Human
Reliability
entire
range
of
human
interactions.
Major
problem is the lack of data on
human behavior.

HUMAN FAILURE MODES

In this same vein, Opi (2009) 15

states that human error can
occur during both the design
and the supply, construction
and
operation
a
complex
system. Some important issues
are
manifested
in
the
manufacturing,
construction,
commissioning or in operation.
the verification software quality
assurance are implemented to
face the reducing such errors.

Human failure modes according

Armndola and Depool (2006)
allow understand exactly what
they should try to prevent.
When performed
This step is important to
identify what is the origin of
each of her cause, ensuring
that time is not wasted and
effort treating the symptoms
rather
than
causes.
The
elimination of potential failure
modes has benefit both the
short and long term.

HUMAN FAILURE MODES

In the short term, as the

authors mentioned, represents
cost
savings
of
repairs,
repetitive
testing
and
downtime.
The
long-term
benefit is much more difficult to
measure as it is related to
customer satisfaction with the
product
and
with
their
perception of quality; it affects
future purchases of products
and is critical to creating a good
image of thereof. more complex
work. Finally, the environment
is the organization that can be
subject
to
error
if
this
interaction does not occur
tightly.

and workplace lack of training

and
technical
training,
decreased ability operational
people, as well as lower
productivity
and
quality
products.
NDUSTRIAL SAFETY
In this regard, Alvarez (1999) .1
notes that aims to safeguard
life and preserve the health and
physical integrity of workers
through the issuance of rules
designed both to provide them
with the conditions for work,
and to train them and train
them to avoid, as far as
possible, illnesses or accidents.

Thus Duffuaa (2002) 7 when

the
elements
concerned,
machines and environments
which man has relations are
adapted to their needs and
capabilities,
actions
and
activities develop optimally.

The author asserts that the

safety and industrial hygiene
are then set of scientific and
technological
intended
to
locate,
assess
knowledge,
control and prevent the causes
of workplace hazards to which
they are exposed employees in
the exercise or at the occasion
of their work.

is precisely the thesis supports

the rationale of a vast field of
multidisciplinary
knowledge
called
human
factors
engineering. Comment Arata
(2008)
2
that,
from
an
organizational
and
technological perspective, the
including
knowledge
about
human
factors
engineering
provides

Alvarez notes (1999) that given

the premises that integrate
considerations preceding the
urgent need to develop the
capacity and establishing the
training to optimize safety and
hygiene in the workplace, so
that, as far as possible and
reasonable, they can locate,
evaluate, control and prevent
workplace hazards.

Human Factors, an irrational

concept avoids systems work
and as a particular case of jobs,
which would be derived a
number
of
negative
consequences such as illogical
methods
of
work,
spatial
disorganization of job design

Meanwhile, Blake (2005) 4

states that the set of rules
implementing
a
series
of
technical
requirements
to

industrial facilities and energy

whose main objective is the
safety
of
users,
therefore
governed
by
rules
and
regulations for low voltage, high
voltage, heating, gas, fire
protection, pressure vessels, oil
installations, including others,
to be installed in both industrial
buildings.

values of the company; also

assert that it is a factor of
profitability, in addition to
represent an effective means of
measuring the anachronistic
work
situations
sometimes
difficult to detect.
In the same vein, Leplat (2002)
states that constitutes an
element
of
control
for
collaboration
in
other
directions. Within security is
necessary
to
evaluate
by
statistical control, knowing the
position of the company on
similar in their sector. It is a
means
of
creating
a
environment safety and welfare
within the company, which
makes it constitutes the main
incentive
of
raising
and
maintaining morale set.

They conclude that industrial

safety, together with quality,
one of the great areas in which
the industrial standardization
are developed, in the first case
obligatory
in
the
second
voluntary.
The
state
competition will vary from
radically. For purposes of this
study, taking into account the
definition of referred author
considered applicable to the
specific circumstances of this I
work.

Accordingly, the elements of

industrial safety agent include
the of agent, unsafe condition,
accident rates, unsafe act and
factor insecure staff for being
the object or substance directly
related to injury. Regarding the
specific portion directly related
to
the
injury,
which
be
protected
or
corrected.
Similarly, the unsafe condition
represents condition of the
agent causing the accident that
could and should be protected
or shelter.

ELEMENTS OF INDUSTRIAL
SAFETY
The industrial safety, according
to Ramirez (2003) comprises a
set of planned activities in order
to
prevent
occupational
hazards,
through
the
implementation of a structured
set
of
actions
for
such
purposes. explain that security
requires the participation of all
workers to successfully directed
on the organization.

Results and discussion

According
to
Hernandez
Malfavn and Fernandez (2004),
11 is defined as a basic tool
within the corporate structure.
Allows prevention against any
risk of both human and physical

ISSUES ASSOCIATED HUMAN

ERROR
In this regard, 55.9% of
respondents
indicated
this

subject, 44.1% some present

and 0% absent. The average of
87.07 is at the equivalent rank
at the highest rate, which is
interpreted
in
this
level.
Standard deviation of 7,201
indicates moderate dispersion
of data. The median 85.00,
lower than the arithmetic mean,
describe a positive bias in the
distribution of scores.

to avoid human error and to

implement
strategies
to
achieve these ends. There have
been failures by deficiencies in
equipment
reliability,
inexperience
in
handling
equipment,
mistake
human
carelessness
and
lack
of
availability of resources to
implement the maintenance,
and are very present in
functional failures and repairs.
these
companies
have
formulated
objectives,
and
clearly establishing the periods
purposes in industrial safety.
Similarly, are governed by the
rules and procedures for health
and safety, as well as meet
Decalogue of hygiene and
safety.

Regarding the corresponding

dimension
of
the
aspects
associated error human, it was
found that most considered the
present (55.9%), which implies
that these elements exert
action on the possible presence
of errors that compromise the
functional behavior of workers.
findings
corroborate
those
reported by Torres (2002), who
claims to be identify which
errors can occur and which of
them can contribute to the
event unwanted. Identification
of human error, in its simplest
level, considers that the person
can not fail to reach sufficient
accuracy in the implementation
of activities, perform activities
studs (advance delay), not to
give effect to the activities
(default) and an activity rather
unsuitable required.

Those responsible for the safety

and industrial hygiene report a
mostly high level of compliance,
however, there is inconsistency
in the data, reports of moderate
and low compliance. A level of
Health and Safety Committee
Industrial, get the low level of
compliance.
REFERENCES
1 J. Alvarez Official Agenda
Maintenance.
Mexico,
DF:
Editorial Mad; 1999.
2. Arata A. Ingeniera y gestin
de la confiabilidad operacional
en plantas industriales. Mxico,
DF: Editorial: Ril Editores; 2008.

CONCLUSIONS
Errors are evident faults in
memory of staff, information
management,
overconfidence
and
lack
of
technical
knowledge. It was learned that
companies encourage courses

3. Armndola L, Depool T.
Comportamiento
Funcional:
Modelo
de
confiabilidad

humana. Mxico, DF: Editorial:

Ril Editores; 2006.

Barcelona: Editorial OUC, S.L.;

2003.

4. Blake R. Seguridad Industrial.

Mxico: Editorial Diana; 2005.
5. Carabana J, Garrido A, Luque
J. Fundamentos sociales del
comportamiento humano.