Code No: RR310203 Set No.

1
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, February 2008
POWER SYSTEMS-II
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Explain briefly classification of transmission lines based on line lengths with
neat diagrams. Derive approximate voltage drop for shortline [8+8]
(b) Define Voltage regulation of a transmission line and explain clearly the Ferranti
effect with a phasor diagram.

2. Find the voltage distribution and string efficiency of three unit suspension insulator
string if the capacitance of the link pins to earth and to the line are respectively
20% and 10% of the self capacitance of each unit. If a guard ring increases the
capacitance to the line of lower link pin to 35% of the self capacitance of each unit,
find the redistribution of voltage and string efficiency. [16]

3. (a) What is a stringing chart? Explain clearly the procedure adopted for stringing
the power conductors on the supports. [8+8]
(b) A transmission line conductor at a river crossing is supported from two towers
at heights of 50m and 75m above sea level. The span length is 275m. Weight
of the conductor 0.75kg/m. Determine the clearance between the conductor
and water at a point midway between towers if the tension in the conductor
is 2000 kg.

4. (a) A single core cable has an inner diameter of 5cms and a core diameter of
1.5cm. Its paper dielectric has a working maximum dielectric stress of 60
kV/cm. Calculate the maximum permissible line voltage when such cables
are used on a 3-phase power system. [6]
(b) A 66kV concentric cable with two inter sheaths has a core diameter 1.8 cm.
Dielectric material 3.5 mm thick constitutes the three zones of insulation.
Determine the maximum stress in each of the three layers if 20kV is maintained
across each of the inner two layers. [10]

5. (a) Why is their a phase difference between voltage and current in an ac circuit?
Explain the concept of power factor? [5]
(b) Derive an expression for most economical power factor which may be attained
by a consumer? [6]
(c) Explain, why a consumer having low power factor is charged at higher rates?
[5]

6. Describe the synchronous condenser method of voltage control in a transmission

line. Illustrate your answer with a neat sketch and vector diagram. Where are its
locations in a Power system network, show with neat sketches. [16]

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Code No: RR310203 Set No. 1
7. (a) What are symmetrical components. Why are they used in power system fault
analysis, explain in detail. [8+8]
(b) Obtain the symmetrical components of a set of unbalanced currents Ia=1.66 2500 ,
Ib=1.06 1800 , and Ic= 0.96 1320 , and also find out the neutral current.

8. (a) Explain the concept of sequence impedances of a 3-φ star connected static load
whose neutral is grounded through some impedance and draw its sequence
impedance networks. [8+8]
(b) Draw the positive, negative and zero sequence networks for the system de-
scribed as follows. The system consists of a 3-φ star connected alternator
which supplies power to the 3-φ star connected synchronous motor through a
delta-star step up transformer, a transmission line and a star- delta step down
transformer .The neutral points of the machine and transformer windings are
un grounded or isolated.

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Code No: RR310203 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, February 2008
POWER SYSTEMS-II
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Find the ABCD parameters of a 3-phase, 80Km, 50Hz transmission line with series
impedance of (0.15 + j 0.28 ) ohms per Km and a shunt admittance of j 5x10−4
ohm per Km for the both Π and T networks. [16]

2. (a) Give brief description of corona phenomenon. [8+8]

(b) Derive the expression for potential gradient at the surface of a conductor of
1-phase transmission line.

3. A transmission line conductor at a river crossing is supported from two towers at

heights of 45m and 75m above sea level. The span length is 300m. Weight of the
conductor 0.85kg/m. Determine the clearance between the conductor and water at
a point midway between towers if the tension in the conductor is 2050 kg. [16]

4. (a) Derive the formula for dielectric stress in an UG cable. [10]

(b) Single-core, lead covered cable is to be designed for 66kV to earth. Its conduc-
tor radius is 10mm and its three insulating materials A,B and C have relative
permittivities of 5,4 and 3 respectively and corresponding maximum permissi-
ble stresses of 3.8, 2.6 and 2.0 kV/mm (rms) respectively. Find the minimum
diameter of the lead sheath. [6]

5. (a) How would you decide which device is to be used for power factor correction
for a 3-φ system supplying power to a lagging load, explain with an example?
(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of synchronous motor if it is used
for power factor improvement. [8+8]

6. Describe with the aid of neat sketch the construction and working of off load tap
changing transformer. Explain how does it control the voltage, when it is connected
in a power system network. [16]

7. (a) What are symmetrical components. Why are they used in power system fault
analysis, explain in detail. [8+8]
(b) Obtain the symmetrical components of a set of unbalanced currents Ia=1.66 2500 ,
Ib=1.06 1800 , and Ic= 0.96 1320 , and also find out the neutral current.

8. (a) Obtain the expressions for sequence impedances of a 3-φ , 3 wire un transposed
transmission line. Also draw the sequence impedance networks. Assume that
the transmission line is having mutual impedance from phase to phase . [8+8]

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Code No: RR310203 Set No. 2
(b) Obtain the expressions for sequence impedances of a 3-φ, 3 wire transposed
transmission line. Also draw the sequence impedance networks. Assume that
the transmission line is having mutual impedance from phase to phase.

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Code No: RR310203 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, February 2008
POWER SYSTEMS-II
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Derive the ABCD parameters of a nominal T represented medium length trans-
mission line with neat phasor diagram. [8+8]
(b) Find the ABCD parameters of a 3-phase, 100Km,50Hz transmission line with
series impedance of (0.10 + j 0.3 )ohms per Km and a shunt admittance of j
4x10−4 mho per Km.

2. (a) List various methods of improving string efficiency. [4]

(b) In a string of three insulator units the capacitance of each unit is C, from each
conductor to ground is C/3, and from each connector to the line conductor
is C/5. Calculate the voltage across each unit as a percentage of the voltage.
To what value the capacitance between the connector of the unit and the line
has to be increased by a guard ring to make the voltage across it equal to that
across the next higher unit? [12]

3. (a) What is a stringing chart? Explain clearly the procedure adopted for stringing
the power conductors on the supports. [8+8]
(b) A transmission line conductor at a river crossing is supported from two towers
at heights of 50m and 75m above sea level. The span length is 275m. Weight
of the conductor 0.75kg/m. Determine the clearance between the conductor
and water at a point midway between towers if the tension in the conductor
is 2000 kg.

4. (a) A single core cable has an inner diameter of 5cms and a core diameter of
1.5cm. Its paper dielectric has a working maximum dielectric stress of 60
kV/cm. Calculate the maximum permissible line voltage when such cables
are used on a 3-phase power system. [6]
(b) A 66kV concentric cable with two inter sheaths has a core diameter 1.8 cm.
Dielectric material 3.5 mm thick constitutes the three zones of insulation.
Determine the maximum stress in each of the three layers if 20kV is maintained
across each of the inner two layers. [10]

5. (a) Why is their a phase difference between voltage and current in an ac circuit?
Explain the concept of power factor? [5]
(b) Derive an expression for most economical power factor which may be attained
by a consumer? [6]
(c) Explain, why a consumer having low power factor is charged at higher rates?
[5]

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Code No: RR310203 Set No. 3
6. What are the various methods of voltage control in a power system, explain with
neat sketches and vector diagrams. [16]

7. (a) Why do you use a single line diagram for power system representation. What
are the assumptions that are being made while drawing a single line diagram.
[8+8]
(b) A transmission line of inductance 0.1H and resistance of 5Ω is connected to a
source of V=100sin(ω t+150),f=50HZ at one end and other end is suddenly
short circuited at t=0 at the bus-bar end .Write the expression for short circuit
current i(t).Find approximately the value of the first current maximum.

8. (a) Derive the expression for the fault current and the terminal voltages for a line
to ground fault occurs at the terminals of an unloaded 3-φ alternator. Assume
that the alternator neutral is solidly grounded. [8+8]
(b) A 3-φ , 10MVA ,11KV generator with a solidly earthed neutral point supplies
a feeder . The positive, negative, and zero sequence impedances of generator
and feeder are j1.2, j0.9, j0.4 and j1.0,j1.0,j3.0 respectively. If a fault from one
phase to earth occurs on the far end of the feeder , calculate the fault current
and line to neutral terminal voltage of the faulted phase.

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Code No: RR310203 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, February 2008
POWER SYSTEMS-II
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Find the ABCD parameters of a 3-phase, 80Km, 50Hz transmission line with series
impedance of (0.15 + j 0.28 ) ohms per Km and a shunt admittance of j 5x10−4
ohm per Km for the both Π and T networks. [16]

2. (a) What are overhead line insulators? Explain briefly different types of insulators
based on their applications and operating voltage levels with neat diagram.
(b) Each conductor of a three phase overhead line is suspended from a cross arm
of a steel tower by a string of 4 suspension insulators. The voltage across the
second unit is 13.2kV and across the third 19.5kV. Find the voltage between
the conductors and the string efficiency. [8+8]

3. A transmission line has a span of 180m between level supports. The conductor has
a cross-section area of 129mm2, weights 1.17 kgf/m and has a breaking stress of
42kgf/mm2 . Calculate the sag for a factor of safety of 5, allowing for a maximum
wind pressure of 125kgf/m2 of projected surface. [16]

4. (a) Derive the formula fpr insulation resistance of aUG cable. [10]
(b) In a coaxial cable the conductor diameter is 10 mm and the inner shath diam-
eter is 50mm. There are two layers of insulation, the inner layer of dielectric
constant 4 and a maximum working gradient of 6kV/mm has a radial thickness
of 4.6 mm; the outer layer has dielectric constant 2.5 and maximum voltage
gradient 5kV/mm. Calculate the maximum working voltage for the cable. [6]

5. (a) Why is the power factor not more than unity? Discuss? [6]
(b) A 3-φ, 50HZ, 400V motor develops 100H.P. the power factor being 0.75 lagging
and efficiency 93%. A bank of capacitors is connected in delta across the supply
terminals and power factor raised to 0.95 lagging. Each of the capacitance
units is built of four similar 100v capacitors. Determine the capacitance of
each capacitor. [10]

6. What are the various methods of voltage control in a power system, explain with
neat sketches and vector diagrams. [16]

7. (a) Why do you use a single line diagram for power system representation. What
are the assumptions that are being made while drawing a single line diagram.
[8+8]

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Code No: RR310203 Set No. 4
(b) A transmission line of inductance 0.1H and resistance of 5Ω is connected to a
source of V=100sin(ω t+150),f=50HZ at one end and other end is suddenly
short circuited at t=0 at the bus-bar end .Write the expression for short circuit
current i(t).Find approximately the value of the first current maximum.

8. (a) A 3-φ alternator is supplying power to the star connected load through a feeder
.The alternator per phase impedance is equal to ZS and the load impedances
are ZR , ZY , and ZB in R,Y and B phases respectively . Neglect the feeder
impedance . Derive the expressions for phase currents and phase voltages at
the load end , when there is a line to ground fault on the R phase .Assume
both neutrals are solidly grounded . [8+8]
(b) A 3-φ , 400V , 1MVA alternator has per phase reactance of 3Ω and negligible
resistance is supplying power to a star connected load having reactances 10Ω
, 20Ω , and 15Ω in R , Y , and B phases respectively . Calculate the fault
current and phase voltages at the load side , when there is a line to ground
fault occurs at the middle of the feeder on the R phase .Assume both neutrals
are solidly grounded .

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