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R N = C = O + 2 HCl
H2N-(CH2)6-NH2
OCN-(CH2)6-NCO
R-NCO + R-OH
R-NH-CO-O-R
a Urethane
R-NCO + R-NH2
R-NH-CO-NH-R
a urea
R-NCO + R-COOH
Reaction(v)
Reaction (vi)
[R-NH-CO-O-CO-R]
Anhydride
-CO2
R-NH-CO-R
amine
R-NCO + H2O
Reaction (vii)
[R-NH-COOH]
a carbamic acid
-CO2
R-NH2
Reaction (ii)
R
R-NCO + R-NH-CO-O-R
R-NH-CO-N-CO-O-R
allophanate
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R
R-NCO + R-NH-CO-NH-R
R-NH-CO-N-CO-NH-R
biuret
R
R-NCO + R-NH-CO-R
R-NCO + HO-Ph
R-NH-CO-N-CO-R
acylurea
R-NH-CO-O-Ph
a urethane
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polyurethane
Diisocyanate + water
carbondioxide
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Millable elastomers
A disadvantage of the cast elastomers described
in the previous section is that the isocyanateterminated pre-polymer have limited shelf-life
and must be stored in the absence of moisture.
Further the practical procedures involved are
very different from those generally associated
with synthetic rubbers. These factors led to the
development of polyurethane elastomers to which
the conventional techniques of mill compounding
and vulcanization can be applied.
In this approach, stable (hydroxyl- terminated)
polymers are prepared by the reaction of lineer
polyesters(commonly adipates) or polyesters
(commonly poly(oxytetramethylene) glycol) with
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Surface coating
Several polyurethane-type products are utilized in
coating applications by
Air curing System
Moisture-curing system
Head Curing system
Adhesives
Several polyurethane-type products are used as
adhesives. These general categories may be
distinguished namely isocyanete-polyol systems,
soluble elastomers and polyisocyanetes
The adhesive properties of the foregoing
materials may be attributed to the polar nature of
the polymers involved. Further, the isocyanates
present in the compositions may react with any
active hydrogen present in the substrate or with
the films of water which are often present on the
surface of such materials as ceramics, glass and
metals.