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Location:
Caribbean, western one-third of the island of Hispaniola, between the Caribbean Sea
and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of the Dominican Republic
Area:
27,750 sq km (10,714 sq mi); slightly smaller than the state of Maryland
Population:
9,719,932 (July 2011 est.)
Major Cities:
Port-au-Prince, (capital) pop. 2.143 million (2010)
Border Countries:
Dominican Republic, 360 km (224 mi); closest islands are Cuba (northwest) and
Jamaica (southwest)
Natural Hazards:
lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to
October; occasional flooding and earthquakes; periodic droughts
Climate:
tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade winds
EnvironmentCurrent Issues:
extensive deforestation (much of the remaining forested land is being cleared for
agriculture and used as fuel); soil erosion; inadequate supplies of potable water
Life Expectancy at Birth:
62.17 years
Sex Ratio:
0.98 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
HIV/AIDS (People Living With):
120,000 (2009 est.)
Information in this section comes from the following source unless otherwise indicated: Central Intelligence
Agency, Haiti, in The World Factbook, 5 July 2011, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-worldfactbook/geos/ha.html
Ethnic Groups:
black 95%, mulatto and white 5%
Religions:
Roman Catholic 80%, Protestant 16% (Baptist 10%, Pentecostal 4%, Adventist 1%,
other 1%), none 1%, other 3%;note: roughly half the population practice Vodou
Languages:
French (official), Creole (official)
Literacy:
52.9%
Country Name:
Conventional long form: Republic of Haiti
Conventional short form: Haiti
Local long form: Republique dHaiti/Repiblik dAyiti
Local short form: Haiti/Ayiti
Nationality:
Noun: Haitian(s)
Adjective: Haitian
Government Type:
Republic
Capital:
Port-au-Prince
Administrative Divisions:
10 departments (departements, singulardepartement); Artibonite, Centre, Grand'Anse,
Nippes, Nord, Nord-Est, Nord-Ouest, Ouest, Sud, Sud-Est
Independence:
1 January 1804 (from France)
National Holiday:
Independence Day, 1 January (1804)
National Anthem:
La Dessalinienne (The Dessalines Song)
Constitution:
approved March 1987 ; note: suspended June 1988 with most articles reinstated
March 1989; constitutional government ousted in a military coup in September 1991,
although in October 1991 military government claimed to be observing the
constitution; returned to constitutional rule in October 1994; constitution, while
2
Unemployment Rate:
40.6% (2010 est.);note: widespread unemployment and underemployment; more
than two-thirds of the labor force do not have formal jobs
Telephones:
108,300 (2009) landlines; 3.648 million (2009) cellular;note: telecommunications
infrastructure is among the least developed in Latin America and the Caribbean;
mobile-cellular telephone services are expanding rapidly due, in part, to the
introduction of low-cost GSM phones
Broadcast Media:
several television stations, including 1 government-owned; cable TV subscription
service is available; government-owned radio network; more than 250 private and
community radio stations operating with about 50 FM stations in Port-au-Prince alone
(2007)
Internet Users:
1 million (2009)
Airports:
14
Airports with Paved Runways:
Total: 4
2,4383,047 m (1.511.89 mi): 1
9141,523 m (0.570.95 mi): 3 (2010)
Airports with Unpaved Runways:
Total: 10
9141,523 m (0.570.95 mi): 2
under 914 m (0.57 mi): 8 (2010)
Roads:
Total: 4,160 km (2,585 mi)
Paved: 1,011 km (628 mi)
Unpaved: 3,149 km (1,957 mi)
Camp Coordination and Camp Management Cluster in Haiti (CCCM Cluster), Displacement Tracking Matrix
V2.0 Update, 16 March 2011,
http://www.cccmhaiti.info/pdf/DTM_V2_Report_15_Mar_English%20_FINAL3.pdf