BioLab Water Additives

A Subsidiary of
Great Lakes Chemical Corporation
Tenax Road Trafford Park
Manchester M17 1WT United Kingdom
Phone +(44) 161 875 3875
Fax +(44) 161 875 3175

Product Information
Belclene200 Antiscalant

Ref: V:\Waterfronts\Bel200GPI.doc
December 1999

General Product Information

Belclene 200 has been developed as a calcium carbonate

inhibitor in industrial water systems and other related
applications.
The active ingredient of Belclene 200 is a polymaleic acid.
The CAS number is 26099-09-2

Logistics
Classification

packaging

Typical physical properties

Appearance
Odour
solids content
specific gravity
pH (undiluted)
viscosity at 25C
boiling point range
freeze point range
solubility in
water
ethylene glycol
methanol
50% caustic soda
steam volatility
pH limitations

Clear amber liquid

slight
47-53%w/w
1.16-1.19
<2
12-30 cPs (10-25 cSt)
100-102C (212-214F)
-5 to -12C (23-10F)
miscible
miscible
Miscible
Readily neutralised with the
evolution of heat
does not steam distil
to avoid precipitation,
Formulate below pH 2.5 or
above pH 8.0. At in use
concentrations Belclene 200
is stable at any pH.

Thermal stability (TGA)

Thermogravimetric analysis has shown that Belclene 200
is stable up a temperature of 300C (572F).
Chemical reactivity/compatibility
Belclene 200 is not affected by chlorine or other oxidising
biocides under normal use conditions. Test for
compatibility with long chain nitrogen compounds, aliphatic
amine and quaternary ammonium compounds

Regulatory approvals
FDA(USA)

USDA (USA)

MITI (Japan)
Toxicology data
Acute oral LD50 (rats)
Eye irritation (rabbits)
Skin irritation (rabbits)
Toxicity to fish
96-hr LC50 (rainbow
trout)
96-hr LC50 (carp)
Ecological data
96-hr LC50 (brown shrimp)
48-hr LC50 (daphnia magna)
48-hr LC50 (sludge
inhibition)
COD
TOC
Biodegradability

Irritant for supply

Corrosive for conveyance
IATA class 8 UN No 1760
IMCO class 8 UN No 1760
HDPE 220L XL-ring Mauser
drum
Height 935 mm
Diameter 580mm
Gross weight 249.5kg
Net weight 240.0kg
21 cfr 173.310 boiler additives
21 cfr 173.45 beet and cane
sugar
21cfr 573 poultry watering
systems
G5: cooling and retort water
G6: boilers, steamlines possible
food contact
G7: boilers, steamlines, cooling
systems no food contact
A1:cleaning compounds;
meat/poultry plants
Japanese discharge regulations
>5000 mg/kg
irritant (EEC guidelines)
non-irritant (EEC guidelines)
>100 mg/l
>100 mg/l
580 mg/l
>1000 mg/l
>1000 mg/l
1199 mg O2/g
1050 mg O2/g
18% in 35 days
(OECD 302B screening test)

The information contained in this product sheet is based on data available to Bio-Lab Inc., BioLab Water Additives and is thought to be correct. Since Bio-Lab, Inc,
has no control over the use of this information by others, Bio-Lab, Inc. does not guarantee the same results described herein will be obtained, and makes no warranty
of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or any express or implied warranty. This information is intended for use by technically trained personnel at
their discretion and risk. Rev. 3/00

Patents
BioLab, Inc. owns or is licensee of patents and patent applications
Which may cover the products and/or uses described in this
brochure.
The following are trademarks of BioLab, Inc.:Belclene, BioLab Logo, Waterfront Logo
Registered US Patent and Trademark Office
1999 BioLab, Inc. All rights reserved.

BioLab Water Additives

Tenax Road, Trafford Park
Manchester
M17 1WT
United Kingdom
Telephone (44) 161 875 3875
Fax (44) 161 875 3175
Telex 666177

BioLab Water Additives

PO Box 1489
Decatur
GA30031-1489
USA
Telephone (1) 404 378 8585/800 600 4523
Fax (1) 404 370 7485

Visit our Website at www.wateradditives.com

The information contained in this product sheet is based on data available to Bio-Lab Inc., BioLab Water Additives and is thought to be correct. Since Bio-Lab, Inc,
has no control over the use of this information by others, Bio-Lab, Inc. does not guarantee the same results described herein will be obtained, and makes no warranty
of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or any express or implied warranty. This information is intended for use by technically trained personnel at
their discretion and risk. Rev. 3/00

BioLab Water Additives

A Subsidiary of
Great Lakes Chemical Corporation
Tenax Road Trafford Park
Manchester M17 1WT United Kingdom
Phone +(44) 161 875 3875
Fax +(44) 161 875 3175

Product Information
Belclene 200; The Industry Standard for
calcium carbonate under severe service
conditions
Practical experience has shown that Belclene 200 antiscalant is
the most effective calcium carbonate scale inhibitor for severe
service conditions. Belclene 200 is widely use in many
proprietary formulations and is in use in thousands of systems
worldwide.
Research carried out at BioLab Trafford Park Laboratories has
confirmed this experience in direct comparison with alternative
chemical inhibitors.
An experimental pilot cooling tower (PCT) was used as shown in
figure 1. The PCT was run continuously with zero blowdown to
increase the cycles of concentration. Heat transfer was
monitored continuously and the water analysed at regular
intervals. A loss of more than 10% of the soluble calcium was
taken to indicate polymer failure. The results are shown
graphically in figure 2. The results prove conclusively that
Belclene 200 will stabilise calcium carbonate more effectively
than other available chemical inhibitors in severe service
applications, and maintains performance at Langelier scaling
index of up to 3.3.

Ref: b200testdata.doc
January 2000

Benefits to the customer

Belclene 200 conforms to ISO 9000 quality procedures.

Customers can therefore expect a quality product which is
easily formulated into proprietary products and which is
readily available.

Belclene 200 provides cost-effective calcium carbonate

scale control. It is particularly effective in high hardness
conditions.

Belclene 200 helps to maintain heat transfer rates, thus

reducing energy costs and extending plant operation for the
end user.

It is therefore simple to demonstrate a positive payback on

treatment cost to the end user.

Figure 1: Recirculating water pilot cooling tower

T
Chemical charge

Heat
exchange

T
T
Feed tank
Pilot cooling tower

The information contained in this product sheet is based on data available to Bio-Lab Inc., BioLab Water Additives and is thought to be correct. Since Bio-Lab, Inc,
has no control over the use of this information by others, Bio-Lab, Inc. does not guarantee the same results described herein will be obtained, and makes no warranty
of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or any express or implied warranty. This information is intended for use by technically trained personnel at
their discretion and risk. Rev. 3/00

% inhibition of calcium carbonate

Figure 2: Inhibition of calcium carbonate in the pilot

cooling tower

100
Belclene200
Failure point

80

polyacrylate

60
AMPS/acrylic polymer

40
blank

20
0
1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

cycles of concentration

Starting water conditions

2+
Ca
2+
Mg
2CO3
2HCO3
pH
Bulk solution temperature
Heat exchanger
Surface temperature
Heat exchanger metallurgy
Cycle time
Additive dosage

250 ppm as CaCO3

121 ppm as CaCO3
57 ppm as CaCO3
295 pm as CaCO3
8.8
o
40 C

Langelier scaling index at failure point

Belclene 200
3.3 (850 ppm as CaCO3)
PAA (molecular weight
3.1 (645 ppm as CaCO3)
2000)
AMPS/acrylic
2.7 (363 ppm as CaCO3)
The following are trademarks of BioLab, Inc.:-

70 C
Stainless steel
About 24 hours
20 ppm as active ingredient

Belclene, BioLab Logo, Waterfront Logo

Registered US Patent and Trademark Office

1999 BioLab, Inc. All rights reserved.

BioLab Water Additives

Tenax Road, Trafford Park
Manchester
M17 1WT
United Kingdom
Telephone (44) 161 875 3875
Fax (44) 161 875 3175
Telex 666177

BioLab Water Additives

PO Box 1489
Decatur
GA30031-1489
USA
Telephone (1) 404 378 8585/800 600 4523
Fax (1) 404 370 7485

Visit our Website on www.wateradditives.com

The information contained in this product sheet is based on data available to Bio-Lab Inc., BioLab Water Additives and is thought to be correct. Since Bio-Lab, Inc,
has no control over the use of this information by others, Bio-Lab, Inc. does not guarantee the same results described herein will be obtained, and makes no warranty
of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or any express or implied warranty. This information is intended for use by technically trained personnel at
their discretion and risk. Rev. 3/00

BioLab Water Additives

A Subsidiary of
Great Lakes Chemical Corporation
Tenax Road Trafford Park
Manchester M17 1WT United Kingdom
Phone +(44) 161 875 3875
Fax +(44) 161 875 3175

Product Information
Belclene 200 antiscalant
Case histories in sugar mill evaporators
Summary

Belclene 200 antiscalant has been shown to be extremely

effective as a scale inhibitor in two cane sugar mill evaporators.
The use of Belclene 200 at 8 mg/l (product) enables the mills to
extend the length of time between evaporator cleanings and
substantially reduce the amount of chemicals required for such
cleaning. The use of Belclene 200 has increased sugar,
molasses and energy production resulting in significant
economic benefits at both mills.

Introduction
Owing to its outstanding performance in inhibiting the mixed
scales found in sugar evaporators, Belclene 200 has gained
strong acceptance as part of formulations to treat scale in both
cane and beet sugar processes. Utilising formulations based on
Belclene 200 can significantly improve scale inhibition, resulting
in reduced down time for cleaning, higher mill productivity and
reduced cleaning chemical usage. Belclene 200 has FDA
clearance for use in beet and cane sugar (21 cfr 173.45).
Deposits found in sugar evaporators often contain a mixture of
inorganic scale species which can include:
-

calcium carbonate
calcium phosphate
calcium oxalate
calcium silicate
calcium sulphate

Sugar mill evaporators often require frequent cleaning, causing

lengthy shut downs, which reduce production and incur
significant cleaning chemical expense. Belclene 200 has been
found to be excellent at controlling such mixed scales and the
high thermal stability of Belclene 200 makes it ideal for use at
the high temperatures experienced in sugar evaporator systems.
The following case histories are taken from successful trials of
Belclene 200 at two cane sugar mills in Latin America.

Ref: b200histsugar.doc
January 2000

Case history 1
Prior to the addition of Belclene 200
Milling capacity
11000 tonnes/day
Production rate
95 kg sugar/tonne ground
cane
Scale characteristics
Calcium phosphate, calcium
sulphate, calcium carbonate,
silicate
Total hardness
1200 mg/l as CaCO3
(clarified juice)
Cleaning cycle
6 days
Scale thickness
0.8 mm 1.6 mm hard scale
(prior to cleaning)
Cleaning time
14-24 hours
(750 kg sulphamic acid,
14,000 litres sodium
hydroxide)

With Belclene 200

Dosage rate
Scale thickness
Cleaning time

8 mg/l of Belclene 200

(product) to clarified juice
0-0.4 mm soft scale
8-12 hours
(300 kg sulphamic acid,
5,500 litres sodium
hydroxide)

Results
The use of 8 mg/l of Belclene 200:
-

reduced scale thickness by over 50%

reduced the total amount of cleaning chemicals required by
60%
reduced the number of hours downtime for each clean by
50%.

The information contained in this product sheet is based on data available to Bio-Lab Inc., BioLab Water Additives and is thought to be correct. Since Bio-Lab, Inc,
has no control over the use of this information by others, Bio-Lab, Inc. does not guarantee the same results described herein will be obtained, and makes no warranty
of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or any express or implied warranty. This information is intended for use by technically trained personnel at
their discretion and risk. Rev. 3/00

Case history 2

Results
Prior to the addition of Belclene 200
Milling capacity
3000 tonnes/day
Production rate
95 kg sugar/tonne ground
cane
Flow of clarified juice
460 tonnes/day
Scale characteristics
Calcium phosphate,
calcium sulphate, calcium
carbonate, calcium silicate
Total hardness
800 ppm as CaCO3
(clarified juice)
Cleaning cycle
9 days
Scale thickness
0.8 mm 1.6 mm hard
(prior to cleaning)
scale
Cleaning time
14-24 hours
(400 litres HCl, 300 kg
Na2CO3, 400 litres NaOH,
activators)

The use of Belclene 200 antiscalant:

-

enabled the mill to extend time between shutdowns

for cleaning by 55%

reduced scale thickness by 50%

reduced the total amount of cleaning chemicals

required by 60%

reduced the number of hours downtime for each

clean by approximately 30%.

Conclusions
Belclene 200 has been proved to be a very effective antiscalant
for sugar mill evaporators at an additive rate of 8 ppm (product).

With Belclene 200

Dosage rate
Cleaning cycle
Scale thickness
Cleaning time

8 mg/l of Belclene 200

(product) to clarified juice
14 days
0.4 mm 0.8 mm soft scale
10-14 hours
(220 litres HCl, 150 kg
Na2CO3 400 litres NaOH,
activators)

By reducing the downtime required to clean evaporators, the use

of Belclene 200 helped to increase the production of sugar,
molasses and energy by up to 10% resulting in significant
economic benefits for both mills.
Any scale formed in the presence of Belclene 200 is softer and
easier to remove requiring decreased chemical usage and less
time for cleaning.

The following are trademarks of BioLab, Inc.:Belclene, BioLab Logo, Waterfront Logo
Registered US Patent and Trademark Office
1999 BioLab, Inc. All rights reserved.

BioLab Water Additives

Tenax Road, Trafford Park
Manchester
M17 1WT
United Kingdom
Telephone (44) 161 875 3875
Fax (44) 161 875 3175
Telex 666177

BioLab Water Additives

PO Box 1489
Decatur
GA30031-1489
USA
Telephone (1) 404 378 8585/800 600 4523
Fax (1) 404 370 7485

Visit our Website on www.wateradditives.com

The information contained in this product sheet is based on data available to Bio-Lab Inc., BioLab Water Additives and is thought to be correct. Since Bio-Lab, Inc,
has no control over the use of this information by others, Bio-Lab, Inc. does not guarantee the same results described herein will be obtained, and makes no warranty
of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or any express or implied warranty. This information is intended for use by technically trained personnel at
their discretion and risk. Rev. 3/00

BioLab Water Additives

A Subsidiary of
Great Lakes Chemical Corporation
Tenax Road Trafford Park
Manchester M17 1WT
Phone +(44) 161 875 3875
Fax +(44) 161 875 3175

Product Information
Case history on the use of Belclene 200 in
a water containing silica
Summary
Belclene 200 scale inhibitor has been used successfully for over
12 months to control scale in a water containing silica. Prior to
the successful use of Belclene 200 at 2-5 mg/l (product) neither
the addition of a phosphonate at 25 mg/l (product) nor the use of
a sodium polyacrylate at 40 mg/l (product) gave acceptable
scale control.
Introduction
Scaling frequently occurred in three steel storage tanks which
3
o
held 4000 m of cooling water at temperatures up to 42 C. The
water was used for emergency storage, cooling of blowdown
lines on high pressure boilers and bearing cooling on large 8000
kW pumps.
The water was traditionally treated with acid to reduce the
scaling potential. Acid dosing was used to reduce the pH to 7.0
but difficulty in controlling the dose level prohibited this
programme from being used successfully.
The water analysis and the composition of the scale are shown
in tables 1 and 2 respectively. From the scale analysis, it is
evident that silica and sulphate are the major components of the
scale formed. In contrast to sulphate scaling, silica scale is
difficult to control effectively and can lead to severe operational
problems or restrictions on the cycles of concentration within a
system.
The scaling potential was such that over 200 kg of sludge had to
be removed from each tank every year.
Table 1: Analysis of water treated with Belclene 200
o
Total dissolved solids at 25 C
2900 mg/l
pH
8.9
P alkalinity
36 mg/l as CaCO3
Total alkalinity
200 mg/l as CaCO3
Chloride
1022 mg/l as Cl
2Sulphate
360 mg/l as SO4
Silica
69 mg/l as SiO2
Total hardness
600 mg/l as CaCO3
Calcium hardness
250 mg/l as CaCO3
Magnesium hardness
350 mg/l as CaCO3
+
Sodium
911 mg/l as Na

Ref: b200hist.doc
January 2000

Table 2: Scale analysis before treatment with Belclene 200

Organics
7.2%
Silica
18.9% as SiO2
Calcium
9.6% as CaCO3
2Sulphate
39.8%* as SO4
Magnesium
7.8% as MgCO3
Iron
10.6% as Fe2O3
3Phosphate
3.2% as PO4
*this was probably due to sulphuric acid dosing
Previous unsuccessful treatments
Prior to the application of Belclene 200, trials were conducted
with both a phosphonate and a polyacrylate.
Treatment with phosphonate
A phosphonate (AMP) was dosed at 25 mg/l (product). After a
period of 2 months, severe scaling was found on the blowdown
line cooling casing and in the bearing cooling of the large
pumps.
Treatment with polyacrylate
A sodium polyacrylate was dosed at 40 mg/l (product). This
product gave a slight improvement over the phosphonate in
terms of scale formation on the surfaces but was not effective
against sludge deposition in the storage tanks.
Successful treatment using Belclene 200
Belclene 200 was initially dosed at 5 mg/l (product) and after 3
months successful operation, the dose level was reduced to 3.5
mg/l (product) for a further 6 months. After this second
successful period, the dose level was reduced to 2 mg/l
(product).
The Belclene 200 trial was evaluated after 12 months operation.
At the end of the 12-month period, there were no visible signs of
sludge in the storage tanks, scale on the blowdown line cooling
casing or in the bearing cooling of the large pumps. During this
period, the temperature in the blowdown lines reached a
o
maximum of 70 C.
Conclusion
It has been clearly demonstrated that Belclene 200 significantly
outperformed both a phosphonate and a polyacrylate in
providing scale and sludge control.

The information contained in this product sheet is based on data available to Bio-Lab Inc., BioLab Water Additives and is thought to be correct. Since Bio-Lab, Inc,
has no control over the use of this information by others, Bio-Lab, Inc. does not guarantee the same results described herein will be obtained, and makes no warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or any express or implied warranty. This information is intended for use by technically trained personnel at their
discretion and risk. Rev. 3/00

Patents
BioLab, Inc. owns or is licensee of patents and patent applications
Which may cover the products and/or uses described in this
brochure.
The following are trademarks of BioLab, Inc.:Belclene, BioLab Logo, Waterfront Logo
Registered US Patent and Trademark Office
1999 BioLab, Inc. All rights reserved.

BioLab Water Additives

Tenax Road, Trafford Park
Manchester
M17 1WT
United Kingdom
Telephone (44) 161 875 3875
Fax (44) 161 875 3175
Telex 666177

BioLab Water Additives

PO Box 1489
Decatur
GA30031-1489
USA
Telephone (1) 404 378 8585/800 600 4523
Fax (1) 404 370 7485

Visit our Website on www.wateradditives.com

The information contained in this product sheet is based on data available to Bio-Lab Inc., BioLab Water Additives and is thought to be correct. Since Bio-Lab, Inc,
has no control over the use of this information by others, Bio-Lab, Inc. does not guarantee the same results described herein will be obtained, and makes no warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or any express or implied warranty. This information is intended for use by technically trained personnel at their
discretion and risk. Rev. 3/00