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2 INDUSTRY PROFIL
The waste management industry is highly fragmented. There is stiff competition and high
barriers to entry. New technologies have made the industry structure more wide and now
recycling is playing an important role. Non-hazardous waste management is a mature market
which has a strong hold in the overall waste management industry.
The majority of waste management industry is engaged in the collection, transportation, and
disposal of solid and non-hazardous waste products in landfills. By holding a large share of the
industry, private companies are enjoying the maximum profit from the industry.
The market is mainly driven by the quantity of waste generated and waste recycled. The other
factors which contribute to the growth of the industry are gross domestic product, increasing
environmental concerns and illegal dumping cases. Any changes in these factors may impact the
industry accordingly.
Waste management is the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal, and
monitoring of waste materials. Concern over the environment is being seen a massive
increase in recycling globally, which has grown to be an important part of modern
civilization. The consumption habits of modern consumerist lifestyles are causing a huge
global waste problem. Industrialization and economic growth have produced more
amounts of waste, including hazardous and toxic wastes. There is a growing realization of
the negative impacts that wastes have had on the local environment (air, water, land,
human health etc.)
Waste generation per capita has increased and is expected to continue to climb with a
growing population, wealth, and consumerism throughout the world. Approaches to solving
this waste problem in a scalable and sustainable manner would lead us to a model that uses
waste as an input in the production of commodities and value monetized, making waste
management a true profit center. The conversion of waste as a potential source of energy
has a value as a supplemental feedstock for the rapidly developing bio-fuels sector. A
variety of new technologies are being used and developed for the production of biofuels,
which are capable of converting wastes into heat, power, fuels or chemical feedstock.

Thermal Technologies like gasification, pyrolysis, thermal de-polymerization, plasma arc

gasification, and non-thermal technologies like anaerobic digestion, fermentation, etc. are a
number of new and emerging technologies that are able to produce energy from waste and
other fuels without direct combustion. Biodegradable wastes are processed by composting,
vermi-composting, anaerobic digestion or any other appropriate biological processing for
the stabilization of wastes. Recycling of materials like plastics, paper and metals should be
done for future use.
In India waste have to be handled on a large scale, which is why the government of India has
come up with many infrastructure improvement plans. JNNURM program (Jawaharlal Nehru
National Urban Renewal Mission) is designed to create equitable, responsive, efficient and
productive cities. Urban Local Bodies and the state governments are actively working towards
bringing about urban transformations. Most of the reforms aim at infusing highest sustainability
to infrastructure developments. In fact 253.59 million has been approved for 44 projects.
Hence, the solid Waste Management sector in India has become a very lucrative sector for
investors. Millions of tons of wastage send to the landfills near most of the metropolitan cities
like Mumbai, Ahmadabad, Bhopal, Chennai, etc. These undertakings are managed and run by
both government and private enterprises. Let us now look at some of the solid waste
management projects taking place in some Indian cities.
Mumbai, Maharashtra, Mumbai, better known globally as the Financial Capital of India, has a
huge population of over 13 million according to the census of the year 2011. The city spans
beyond a 472 sq kilometers, and generates approximately 9,500 MT of solid waste every day.
7,000 MT of freight is recyclable and bio-degradable, and the remaining 2,500 MT of waste
comes from construction and demolition projects. The city has four major landfills Mulund,
Deonar, Kanjur and Gorai. The landfill of gore was closed scientifically in the year 2007. The
diner is another big landfill on the eastern suburbs, and here the waste is simply dumped without
any kind of treatment. Even this dumpsite, it is scientifically closed by covering it with an
impermeable layer. 65 hector areas of this dump are used for generating landfill gas collection.
Ahmedabad, Gujarat This city generates more than 2,400 MT of non-segregated waste every
day. More than 1,000 vehicles make trips to and from two of their major dump sites, Pirana and

Gyaspur Sanitary Landfill. The budget of 27.30 million has been allocated to the Gyaspur
scientific landfill development.
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh The only landfill of this city, the Bhanpur Dumpsite is located at
around 15 km away from the city limits. There are proposals of opening three more new landfills
around the city. These landfills of 64 acres are expected to serve for a period of 20 years. The
project cost is estimated to be around 5,550,000, which is roughly around 400,000,000 INR.
These projects will involve waste processing, along with deriving compost manure.
Bangalore, Karnataka, Bangalore, with a population of 8.5 million, produces nearly 3,000 MT
of waste per day, which comprises of around 53% of vegetable and organic waste, while paper
and plastic makes for about 20%. Presently, there is a scarcity of landfills and with an erratic
garbage collection system (as a result of privatization), the people of Bangalore have begun to
dump the waste at any street corner resulting in garbage strewn all across the city. As per the
directive from High Court dry and the wet waste generated in Bangalore city transport to
different landfills instead of dumping them together. Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike
(BBMP) is to transport only dry waste to the Mandur landfill. The wet waste is to go to the
temporary landfill at Survey No.31 of Chikknagamangala village, Sarjapur Hobli on the citys
outskirts. The State government has recently identified a new landfill, which is spread across
94.35 acres. The Government is also looking for foreign players to help resolve this issue. A Sri
Lankan group has come forward to invest 38.46 million and they will implement Israeli waste
management technology.