Electromagnetic Transients Program

Laboratory Experiments on

Analysis of switching surges using EMTP

EMTP An introduction
EMTP is the acronym of Electro magnetic
transients program
The theoretical approach for software was
developed around 1960s
The basic theoretical structure of EMTP is
based on the doctoral thesis of Dr. Hermann
Dommel of Germany

EMTP An introduction
EMTP has attained its current form and
application procedures thanks to the
contribution of many power system
engineers
They were led by Dr. Dommel currently
with the University of British Columbia, in
Vancouver, B.C., Canada and Dr. Scott
Meyer
of
the
Bonneville
Power
Administration (BPA) in Portland, Oregon,
U.S.A.

EMTP An introduction
A multitude of problems are faced by
electrical engineers all over the world
EMTP has been designed to handle only a
part of it
The Electromagnetic Transients and the
associated insulation issues
Eg: Insulation Puncture

EMTP Types An overview

Two basic types of EMTP program streams
may be seen today
They are
Those developed from the BPA codes
and the Development Co-ordination
group of EMTP
Those written from the scratch

Data Format
The input data are entered in mtdata in
microtran package
The data file is divided into several sections
and data formats are indicated in fortran77
notation
E10.0,A6,I8,F10.0
E: exponential
A: Alphanumerical
I: Integer

Requisite Data Feeding

This program involves four important data
feeding steps and they are as follows
Time card
Lumped parameters definition
Switches definition
Source definition

The program may involve many other

processes as required depending on the
complexity of the problem chosen

Input Data File

Case Identification Card

Case Identification Card

First two columns shouldnt be left blank ,in
case of four blanks execution terminates.
Any alphanumerical name without *is
recommended
COPT
=0
>0

C->f
wC->S (Siemens)

XOPT
=0
>0

L->mH
wL->

Time Card

Response of RC circuit
Time step parameter definition is an
important one for obvious reason
Digital computers cannot simulate
transient phenomenon continuously
They can generate them only in discrete
intervals t
Values of t can be obtained from
sampling theorem

Lumped linear elements

Lumped R/L/C parameters

EMTP takes Node Voltages as state
variables
So it becomes necessary to describe
branch currents as functions of node
voltages
The circuit is differentiated into different
nodes and the load and sources between
different nodes must be considered
Itype for lumped RLC branch is zero or
blank

Distributed parameter transmission line

THANK YOU