SINGLE- AND

TWIN-IMPELLER
CENTRIFUGAL
ELECTRIC PUMPS

EDITION 05-2003

CEA-CA SERIES

SingleImpeller
Centrifugal
Electric
Pumps
CEAM-CEA
Series

MARKET SECTORS
CIVIL, AGRICULTURAL, INDUSTRIAL.
APPLICATIONS
Handling of chemically and mechanically nonaggressive water and liquids (*).
Water supply.
Irrigation.
Water circulation (cold, hot, refrigerated).
*For moderately aggressive liquids, a version with FPM elastomers is available (CEA.../...-V). For very aggressive liquids, please contact
our sales network.

installed by the user in the control

panel.
- Three-phase version: 220240/380-415 V 50 Hz, 2 poles,
the overload protection must be
provided and installed by the user
in the control panel.
Condensate drain plugs in the
standard version.

CONSTRUCTION
CHARACTERISTICS

Close-coupled, single-impeller
SPECIFICATIONS
PUMP
Delivery up to 500 l/min (30
m3/h).
Head up to 32 m.
Temperature of pumped liquid: 10C to 85C standard version (**).
Maximum operating pressure: 8
bar (PN 8).
Counterclockwise rotation facing the
pump from the suction port.
** 110C CEA.../...-V versions
MOTOR
Asynchronous, squirrel cage rotor,
closed construction, external
ventilation.
Protection class: IP55.
Class F insulation.
Performances to EN 60034-1
specifications.
Standard voltage:
- Single-phase versions: 220-240
V 50 Hz, 2 poles, with automatic
reset overload protection up to 1.5
kW. For higher powers, the overload
protection must be provided and

centrifugal pump featuring axial

suction and radial discharge.
Compact construction, with pump
coupled directly to motor; special
motor shaft extension supported by
ball bearings.
Rotating assembly has back pull-out
design, no need to disconnect the
pump body from the pipe line.
Threaded suction and discharge
ports (Rp UNI-ISO 7)
High performance closed
impeller made of AISI 304
stainless steel.
Mechanical seal with
ceramic/carbon rings, NBR
elastomers, other parts are made of
AISI 304 stainless steel. Mounting
dimensions according to EN 12756
(ex DIN 24960) and ISO 3069.
NBR O-rings.
Mounting pedestal.

OPTIONAL
FEATURES

Different voltages and frequencies.

Different materials for the
mechanical seal and O-rings.

MATERIALS
PART

MATERIALS
UNI

Pump body
Seal housing
Diffuser
Impeller
Shaft extension
Impeller fastening nut
Fill/drain plugs
Seals for fill/drain plugs
Mechanical seal
O-rings
Adapter
Mounting pedestal
Pump body nuts and bolts

Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless

ASTM - AISI

EN - DIN

steel
steel
steel
steel
steel
steel
steel

X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNiMo 17-12-2
316
1.4401
X5 CrNiMo 17-12-2
316
1.4401
X5 CrNiMo 17-12-2
316
1.4401
High nitrile (FPM in the CEA-V versions)
Ceramic/Carbon/NBR (Ceramic/Carbon/FPM in the CEA-V versions)
NBR (FPM in the CEA-V versions)
Aluminium
Enamelled steel
Zinc-plated steel

CEA MECHANICAL SEAL

The standard configuration has the characteristics
shown in fig. 1 and table 1.

STANDARD MATERIALS (TABLE 1)

POS.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

COMPONENT

MATERIAL

Spring
Shaft seal
Armature
Rotating assembly seal
Rotating assembly seal ring
Fixed assembly ring
Fixed assembly seal

AISI 304 stainless steel

NBR
AISI 304 stainless steel
NBR
Ceramic
Carbon
NBR

1 2 4 3 5 6 7

Different materials are available on request.

The special configuration has the characteristics shown in fig. 1
and table 2.
A version with fixed assembly anti-rotation lockpin is available on
request.

ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS (TABLE 2)

(ON REQUEST)
POS.
1-2-3-4-7

EPDM

FPM
AISI 316

(FIG. 1)

MATERIAL
5-6

Ceramic - Carbon
Ceramic - Special carbon
Silicon carbide - Special carbon
Silicon carbide - Tungsten carbide
Tungsten carbide - Tungsten carbide*
Ceramic - Carbon
Ceramic - Special carbon
Silicon carbide - Special carbon
Silicon carbide - Silicon carbide
Silicon carbide - Tungsten carbide
Tungsten carbide - Tungsten carbide*

* A version with anti-rotation lockpin is available.

ELECTRICAL DATA (50 HZ, 2850 rpm) CEA - CEAM SERIES

PUMP TYPE

MOTOR
POWER

Q = DELIVERY
l/min 0
3

m /h 0

CEA(M) 70/3
CEA(M) 70/5
CEA(M) 80/5
CEA(M) 120/3
CEA(M) 120/5
CEA(M) 210/2
CEA(M) 210/3
CEA(M) 210/4
CEA(M) 210/5
CEA(M) 370/1
CEA(M) 370/2
CEA(M) 370/3

kW

HP

0.37
0.55
0.75
0.55
0.9
0.75
1.1
1.5
*1.85
1.1
1.5
*1.85

0.5
0.75
1
0.75
1.2
1
1.5
2
2.5
1.5
2
2.5

30

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

250

300

350

400

430

480

520

1.8

2.4

3.6

4.8

7.2

8.4

9.6

10.8

12

15

18

21

24

26

29

31

H = TOTAL HEAD METERS COLUMN OF WATER

22.0 20.1 19.1 16.6 12.8

31.1 28.8 27.7 24.7 20.2
32.0 30.0 29.3 27.4 24.7 21.0
22.4
18.9 17.5 15.9 14.0 11.8 9.2
31.8
28.2 26.5 24.6 22.4 20.0 17.3
17.7
16.5 16.1 15.6 15.0 14.4 12.6 10.4
20.8
19.7 19.3 19.0 18.5 18.0 16.5 14.4
25.5
24.8 24.5 24.0 23.6 23.0 21.3 19.0
29.0
28.2 27.9 27.5 27.1 26.6 25.1 23.1
16.3
15.5 15.2 14.3 13.0 11.4 9.4 8.1
20.4
19.1 18.3 17.2 15.8 14.1 13.0 10.8
24.4
22.9 22.1 21.1 19.8 18.2 17.1 15.0 13.0

* Single-phase version = 2.2 kW (3HP)

Motor type:

Single-phase version
SM (up to 1.5 kW)
LM (over 1.5 kW)

PUMP TYPE

ABSORBED

ABSORBED

POWER*

POWER*

SINGLE-PHASE

CEAM 70/3
CEAM 70/5
CEAM 80/5
CEAM 120/3
CEAM 120/5
CEAM 210/2
CEAM 210/3
CEAM 210/4
CEAM 210/5
CEAM 370/1
CEAM 370/2
CEAM 370/3

cea-2p50_a_th
Three-phase version
SM

CAPACITOR

PUMP TYPE

220-240 V

ABSORBED

ABSORBED

ABSORBED

POWER*

CURRENT*

CURRENT*

220-240 V

380-415 V

THREE-PHASE

kW

F / 450 V

0.6
0.97
1.07
0.91
1.39
1.13
1.48
1.91
2.31
1.49
2.05
2.47

2.72
4.55
4.87
4.33
6.24
5.1
6.68
8.6
10.6
6.75
9.26
11.2

14
16
20
16
25
20
30
40
50
30
40
50

CEA 70/3
CEA 70/5
CEA 80/5
CEA 120/3
CEA 120/5
CEA 210/2
CEA 210/3
CEA 210/4
CEA 210/5
CEA 370/1
CEA 370/2
CEA 370/3

kW

0.61
0.88
1.06
0.82
1.32
1.12
1.43
1.84
2.28
1.44
1.99
2.47

2.51
2.86
3.65
2.74
4.52
3.76
4.68
6.04
8.35
4.71
6.32
8.63

1.45
1.65
2.11
1.58
2.61
2.17
2.7
3.49
4.82
2.72
3.65
4.98

* Maximum values within operating range

cea-2p50_a_te

IDENTIFICATION CODE
The CEAM-CEA models are identified as shown in the following table.

A M

0 / 5

FPM version
Impeller size
Flow rate in l/min.
Single-phase version
Series

HYDRAULIC PERFORMANCE RANGE, CEA SERIES 50 HZ,

2 POLES (2850 rpm)

Guaranteed performances according to ISO 9906 grade 2 - Annex A.

CEA70-CEA80 SERIES
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS AT 2850 rpm 50 Hz

These performances are valid for liquids with density l = 1.0 Kg/dm3 and kinematic viscosity a = 1 mm2/sec.

CEA120 SERIES
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS AT 2850 rpm 50 Hz

These performances are valid for liquids with density l = 1.0 Kg/dm3 and kinematic viscosity a = 1 mm2/sec.

CEA210 SERIES
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS AT 2850 rpm 50 Hz

These performances are valid for liquids with density l = 1.0 Kg/dm3 and kinematic viscosity a = 1 mm2/sec.

CEA370 SERIES
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS AT 2850 rpm 50 Hz

These performances are valid for liquids with density l = 1.0 Kg/dm3 and kinematic viscosity a = 1 mm2/sec.

10

CEA SERIES DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHTS

DIMENSIONS (mm)

PUMP TYPE

CEAM 70/3
CEAM 70/5
CEAM 80/5
CEAM 120/3
CEAM 120/5
CEAM 210/2
CEAM 210/3
CEAM 210/4
CEAM 210/5
CEAM 370/1
CEAM 370/2
CEAM 370/3
CEA 70/3
CEA 70/5
CEA 80/5
CEA 120/3
CEA 120/5
CEA 210/2
CEA 210/3
CEA 210/4
CEA 210/5
CEA 370/1
CEA 370/2
CEA 370/3

H1

H2

L1

51
51
51
51
51
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
51
51
51
51
51
54
54
54
54
54
54
54

120
140
140
140
140
140
156
156
176
156
156
176
120
140
140
140
140
140
156
156
156
156
156
156

220
220
220
220
220
222
222
222
222
222
222
222
220
220
220
220
220
222
222
222
222
222
222
222

111
111
111
111
111
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
111
111
111
111
111
113
113
113
113
113
113
113

220
230
230
230
239
230
246
246
230
246
246
230
220
230
230
230
230
230
238
238
238
238
238
238

311
325
325
325
325
339
385
385
416
385
385
416
311
325
325
325
325
339
385
385
385
285
385
385

62
76
76
76
31
76
69
69
114
69
69
114
62
76
76
76
76
76
114
114
114
114
114
114

65
65
65
65
65
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
65
65
65
65
65
76
76
76
76
76
76
76

DNA

DNM

WEIGHT

Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 2
Rp 2
Rp 2
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 2
Rp 2
Rp 2

Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1

9.7
11.6
12.5
11.5
13
13
14.5
16.1
14.4
14
16.1
17.7
9.7
11.6
12.5
11.5
13
13
14.5
16.1
14.4
14
16.1
17.7

kg

cea-2p50_a_td

11

PUMP SECTION AND LIST OF MAIN COMPONENTS

REF. N.

1
2
3
4
5
7
*12
*13
*14
*15
16
26
27

DESCRIPTION

Pump body
Impeller
Diffuser
Seal housing
Adapter
Motor
Mechanical seal
O-ring
O-ring
O-ring
Fill/drain plug
Impeller fastening nut and washer
Mounting pedestal

* Recommended spare parts

12

TwinImpeller
Centrifugal
Electric
Pumps
CAM-CA
Series

MARKET

SECTORS

CIVIL, AGRICULTURAL, INDUSTRIAL.

APPLICATIONS
Handling of chemically and mechanically nonaggressive water and liquids (*).
Water supply.
Irrigation.
Water circulation (cold, hot, refrigerated).
* For moderately aggressive liquids, a version with FPM elastomers is available (CA.../...-V). For very aggressive liquids, please contact our
sales network.

SPECIFICATIONS
PUMP

CONSTRUCTION
CHARACTERISTICS

Close-coupled, single-impeller

Delivery up to 210 l/min (12.5

m /h).
Head up to 62 m.
Temperature of pumped liquid:
-10C to 85C standard version (**).
Maximum operating pressure: 8
bar (PN 8).
Counterclockwise
rotation facing the

pump from the suction port.

** 110C CA.../...-V versions

MOTOR

Asynchronous, squirrel cage rotor,

closed construction, external

ventilation.
Protection class: IP55.
Class F insulation.
Performances to EN 60034-1
specifications.
Standard voltage:
- Single-phase versions: 220240 V 50 Hz, 2 poles, with
automatic reset overload
protection up to 1.5 kW. For
higher powers, the overload

13

protection must be provided and

installed by the user in the control
panel.
- Three-phase version: 220240/380-415 V 50 Hz, 2 poles,
the overload protection must be
provided and installed by the user
in the control panel.
Condensate drain plugs in the
standard version.

centrifugal pump featuring axial

suction and radial discharge.
Compact construction, with pump
coupled directly to motor; special
motor shaft extension supported by
ball bearings.
Threaded suction and discharge
ports (Rp UNI-ISO 7)
High performance closed
impeller made of AISI 304
stainless steel, keyed to motor shaft
extension and held in place with
tab and nut.
Mechanical seal with
ceramic/carbon rings, NBR
elastomers, other parts are made of
AISI 304 stainless steel. Mounting
dimensions according to EN 12756
(ex DIN 24960) and ISO 3069.
NBR O-rings.
Mounting pedestal.

OPTIONAL
FEATURES

Different voltages and frequencies.

Different materials for the
mechanical seal and O-rings.

MATERIALS
PART

MATERIAL
UNI

Pump body with seal housing

Suction flange
Diffuser
Diffuser cover
Final diffuser
Final diffuser cover
Impellers
Impeller spacer
Shaft extension
Impeller fastening nut and washer
Tab
Fill/drain plugs
Seals for fill/drain plugs
Mechanical seal
Impeller shoulder washer
O-rings
Adapter
Mounting pedestal
Pump body nuts and bolts

Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless
Stainless

ASTM - AISI

EN - DIN

steel
steel
steel
steel
steel
steel
steel
steel
steel
steel
steel
steel

X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
X5 CrNiMo 17-12-2
316
1.4401
X5 CrNiMo 17-12-2
316
1.4401
High nitrile (FPM in the CEA-V versions)
Ceramic/Carbon/NBR (Ceramic/Carbon/FPM in the CA-V versions)
Stainless steel
X5 CrNi 18-10
304
1.4301
NBR (FPM in the CA-V versions)
Aluminium
Aluminium
Treated steel

CA MECHANICAL SEAL
The standard configuration has the characteristics shown in fig. 1
and table 1.

STANDARD MATERIALS (TABLE 1)

POS.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

COMPONENT

MATERIAL

Spring
Shaft seal
Armature
Rotating assembly seal
Rotating assembly seal ring
Fixed assembly ring
Fixed assembly seal

AISI 316 stainless steel

NBR
AISI 304 stainless steel
NBR
Ceramic
Carbon
NBR

1 2 4 3 5 6 7

Different materials are available on request.

The special configuration has the characteristics shown in fig. 1
and table 2.
A version with fixed assembly anti-rotation lockpin is available on
request.

ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS (TABLE 2)

(ON REQUEST)
POS.
1-2-3-4-7

FPM
AISI 316
AISI 304

EPDM
AISI 316
AISI 304

MATERIAL
5-6

Ceramic - Carbon
Silicon carbide - Silicon carbide
Silicon carbide - Special carbon
Silicon carbide - Tungsten carbide
Tungsten carbide - Special carbon
Tungsten carbide - Tungsten carbide
Ceramic - Carbon
Ceramic - Special carbon
Silicon carbide - Silicon carbide
Silicon carbide - Tungsten carbide
Tungsten carbide - Special carbon
Tungsten carbide - Tungsten carbide

(FIG. 1)

* A version with anti-rotation lockpin is available.

14

ELECTRICAL DATA (50 HZ, 2850 rpm) CA - CAM SERIES

MOTOR

PUMP TYPE

Q = DELIVERY

POWER

l/min

30

40

50

60

70

80

100

120

150

180

210

1.8

2.4

3.6

4.2

4.8

7.2

10.8

12.6

21.0
29.3
37.1
33.2
44.3
53.8

29.5
40.6
50.4

25.5
36.5
46.2

m /h

CA(M) 70/33
CA(M) 70/34
CA(M) 70/45
CA(M) 120/33
CA(M) 120/35
CA(M) 120/55
CA(M) 200/33
CA 200/35
CA 200/55

kW

HP

0.75
0.9
1.1
1.1
1.5
*1.85
*1.85
2.2
3

1
1.2
1.5
1.5
2
2.5
2.5
3
4

H = TOTAL HEAD METERS COLUMN OF WATER

42.9 38.8
48.8 45.1
56.2 52.0
44.3
54.0
63.8
43.2
53.5
62.6

36.9
43.2
49.8

34.6
40.7
47.1
39.1
49.4
59.6
41.8
52.4
61.0

31.7
37.7
43.9
37.8
48.1
58.2
41.2
51.9
60.6

28.2
34.0
39.9
36.4
46.6
56.6
40.6
51.4
60.1

23.9
29.5
35.3
34.8
44.9
54.8
39.9
50.7
59.5

31.4
41.2
50.6
38.3
49.2
58.2

27.6
36.8
45.7
36.4
47.5
56.6

** Single-phase
version=
=2.2kW
2.2 kW(3HP)
(3HP)
Single-phase version
Motor type:

Single-phase version
SM (up to 1.5 kW)
LM (over 1.5 kW)

PUMP TYPE

Three-phase version
SM (up to 1.85 kW)
LM (over 1.85 kW)

ABSORBED

ABSORBED

POWER*

CURRENT*

SINGLE-PHASE

CAM 70/33
CAM 70/34
CAM 70/45
CAM 120/33
CAM 120/35
CAM 120/55
CAM 200/33
-

ca-2p50_a_th

CAPACITOR

PUMP TYPE

220-240 V

ABSORBED

ABSORBED

ABSORBED

POWER*

CURRENT*

CURRENT*

220-240 V

380-415 V

THREE-PHASE

kW

F / 450 V

1.15
1.39
1.76
1.67
2.18
2.61
2.36
-

5.16
6.22
7.92
7.53
9.87
11.7
10.8
-

20
25
30
30
40
50
50
-

CA 70/33
CA 70/34
CA 70/45
CA 120/33
CA 120/35
CA 120/55
CA 200/33
CA 200/35
CA 200/55

kW

1.14
1.32
1.71
1.62
2.13
2.62
2.34
3.14
3.68

3.78
4.52
5.23
5.06
6.58
8.89
8.44
9.18
10.9

2.18
2.61
3.02
2.92
3.8
5.13
4.87
5.3
6.3

*Maximum values
values within
*Maximum
withinoperating
operatingrange
range

ca-2p50_a_te

IDENTIFICATION CODE
The CAM-CA models are identified as shown in the following table.

C A M

0 / 5

FPM version
Impeller size
Flow rate in l/min.
Single-phase version
Series

15

HYDRAULIC PERFORMANCE RANGE, CA SERIES 50 HZ, 2

POLES (2850 rpm)

Guaranteed performances according to ISO 9906 grade 2 - Annex A.

16

CA70 SERIES
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS AT 2850 rpm 50 Hz

These performances are valid for liquids with density l = 1.0 Kg/dm3 and kinematic viscosity a = 1 mm2/sec.

17

CA120 SERIES
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS AT 2850 rpm 50 Hz

These performances are valid for liquids with density l = 1.0 Kg/dm3 and kinematic viscosity a = 1 mm2/sec.

18

CA200 SERIES
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS AT 2850 rpm 50 Hz

These performances are valid for liquids with density l = 1.0 Kg/dm3 and kinematic viscosity a = 1 mm2/sec.

19

CA SERIES DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHTS

DIMENSIONS (mm)

PUMP TYPE

CAM 70/33
CAM 70/34
CAM 70/45
CAM 120/33
CAM 120/35
CAM 120/55
CAM 200/33
CA 70/33
CA 70/34
CA 70/35
CA 120/33
CA120/35
CA 120/55
CA 200/33
CA 200/35
CA 200/55

L1

M1

N1

S1

140
140
156
156
156
176
176
140
140
156
156
156
156
156
176
176

226
235
242
242
242
226
226
226
226
234
234
234
234
234
226
226

383
383
420
420
420
450
450
383
383
420
420
420
420
420
450
450

76
31
69
69
69
114
114
76
76
114
114
114
114
114
149
149

90
90
100
100
100
125
125
90
90
100
100
100
100
100
125
125

113
113
125
125
125
156
156
113
113
125
125
125
125
125
156
156

112
112
125
125
125
140
140
112
112
125
125
125
125
125
140
140

135
135
153
153
153
170
170
135
135
153
153
153
153
153
170
170

12
12
12
12
12
13
13
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
13
13

7
7
9
9
9
9
9
7
7
9
9
9
9
9
9
9

66
66
76
76
76
98
98
66
66
76
76
76
76
76
98
98

DNA

DNM

WEIGHT

Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1

Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1
Rp 1

15
15.8
18.5
18.4
20.2
24.5
24.2
14.9
15.7
17
16.8
18.7
20.3
20
22.3
24.3

kg

ca-2p50_a_td

20

PUMP SECTION AND LIST OF MAIN COMPONENTS

REF. N.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
*9
*10
*11
*12
13
15
24
33
34
35
36
37

DESCRIPTION

Suction flange
Pump body
Impeller
Diffuser cover
Final diffuser
Diffuser
Final diffuser cover
Impeller spacer
O-ring
O-ring
Mechanical seal
O-ring
Fill/drain plug
Motor
Motor shim
Adapter
Nut and bolt
Seal shoulder washer
Tab
Impeller fastening nut and washer

* Recommended spare parts

21

TYPICAL APPLICATIONS FOR CEA AND CA SERIES ELECTRIC

PUMPS
Water Purification:
Filtration
De-ionized water
Water treatment
Commercial and residential
pools

Waste Management:
Waste treatment
Pollution control

Plastic Industry:
Temperature Control
Extrusion machines
Manufacture of polymers

Machine Tools:
Degreasing
Parts washing
Chemical treatment
Heat treatment

Agricultural/ Residential Applications:

Irrigation
Greenhouses
Humidifiers
Water supply

Graphics:
Washing of film
Cooling processes

Heating, Ventilating &

Air Conditioning:
Air scrubbers
Water re-circulation
Cooling towers
Cooling systems
Temperature control
Chillers
Induction heating
Heat exchangers
Water heating
Booster packagers

Marine:
Water on board ships

General Industry:
Spray booths
Light chemical transfer
Booster systems

Computers:
Circuit board washing
Unit cooling
Laundry:
Commercial washers
Food and Drink:
Food processing
Bottle washing
Citrus processing
Dish washing
Brewing
Sanitary ware

Medical:
Laser cooling
Massage
Medical chillers
Sanitary equipment

22

TECHNICAL APPENDIX

TECHNICAL
APPENDIX

23

100

H 2O

24
100

CH3OH

CHCl3

Cloroformio
Chloroform
configuration code

100

100

Alcool Metilico
Methyl alcohol
configuration code

Alcool Etilico
Ethyl alcohol (Ethanol)
configuration code

Alcool Butilico
Butyl alcohol
configuration code

100

Acqua Demineralizzata
Water demineralized
configuration code

Acqua di mare (4)

Sea water (4)
configuration code

100

Acqua Deionizzata
Water deionized
configuration code

Acqua
Water
configuration code

CH3 (CH2)2CH2OH

20

H3 PO4

Acido Fosforico
Phosphoric acid
configuration code

(1)

C6H8O7

Acido Citrico
Citric acid
configuration code

Acido Acetico
Acetic acid
configuration code

-5
+30

-5
+40

-5
+40

-5
+80

-5
+25

-5
+85

-5
+85

-5
+85

-5
+30

-5
+70

-5
+70

- MAX (C)

- MIN (C)

TEMPERATURA
TEMPERATURE

CONCENTRATION

CONCENTRAZIONE

80

(1)

FORMULA

CH3 CO OH

LIQUIDO
LIQUID

CEA - CA Series

1.48

0.79

0.81

0.81

1.33

1.54

1.05

kg/dm_

DENSITY

PESO SPEC.

Tungst. Carb. - Sil. Carb.

XNA

carbon - ceramic
standard product

carbon - ceramic
standard product

carbon - ceramic
standard product

not recommended

carbon - ceramic
standard product

carbon - ceramic
XAA

carbon - ceramic
standard product

Tungst. Carb. - Sil. Carb.

XPB

carbon - ceramic
XAA

Tungst. Carb. - Sil. Carb.

XPB

mechanical seal

o-ring

FPM

NBR

NBR

NBR

NBR

FPM

NBR

EPDM

FPM

EPDM

Seal material recommended

STD

standard configuration: mechanical seal carbon/ceramic O-rings NBR

Table of compatibility for liquids most used, for other liquids refer to our web page www.lowara.com

Number A

Number P

EDPM FPM

"O" RINGS

GUARNIZIONI

Number N NBR

MECCANICA

MECHANICAL SEAL

TENUTA

TECHNICAL APPENDIX

not recommended
carbon - ceramic
standard product

Olio di Ricino
Castor Oil
configuration code

25
25

Na OH

CHCl:CCl2

Soda Caustica
Caustic Soda
configuration code

1 = COMPATIBILITA' BUONA
2 = COMPATIBILITA' MEDIOCRE
3 = NON COMPATIBILE

1 = GOOD COMPATIBILITY
2 = POOR COMPATIBILITY
3 = NO COMPATIBILITY

(X) - Richiesto battente positivo / Positive suction head required

Tricloroetilene /Trichloroethylene
(Trielina)
(1)
configuration code

100

Olio Minerale
Mineral oil
configuration code

100

0.5

-5
+40

0
+70

-5
+85

-5
+85

-5
+25

carbon - ceramic
XAA

Tungst. Carb. - Sil. Carb.

XPB

carbon - ceramic
standard product

EPDM

NBR

NBR

NBR

NBR

FPM

(1)-Liquido pericoloso (tossico,velenoso,ustionabile ecc.)

-Dangerous liquid (toxic,poisonous,attacks skin,irritant,etc.)
(2)-Liquido infiammabile ed esplosivo
-Flammable and explosive liquid
(3)-Solo versioni a 4 poli. Four poles versions only.
(4)-La compatibilit dell'accaio inossidabile dipende
dal contenuto di cloro in rapporto alla temperatura
del liquido, necessaria un'analisi pi dettagliata
-The stainless steel compatibility depends on the chlorine
content in relationship with the liquid temperature,
a detailed analysis is necessary.

1.46

2.13

0.94

carbon - ceramic
standard product

Na O Cl

(1)

1.13

Ipoclorito di sodio
Sodium hypochlorite
configuration code

-5
+80

50

carbon - ceramic
standard product

Tungst. Carb. - Sil. Carb.

XNA

CH2OHCH2OH

1.42

1.57

Glicole Etilenico
Ethylene glycol
configuration code

-5
+30

-5
+30

100

100

CCl2FCClF2

CCI2FCCl2F

Freon 113
Triclorotrifluroetano
configuration code

configuration code

Freon 112

TECHNICAL APPENDIX

TECHNICAL APPENDIX
WATER REQUIREMENTS IN CIVIL USERS

Water requirements in condominiums

The first operation that is necessary for sizing a booster set is determining the quantity of water and the
pressure it has to supply.
The table at page 165 shows maximum water consumption values for each delivery point, depending on the
plumbing amenities.
The maximum theoretical requirement is given by the sum of the water consumption values of each delivery
point. In actual fact, the delivery points are never used all together; only a few of them are used.
Therefore, it is extremely important to determine the maximum number of delivery points that are more likely
to be used at the same time.
The first step is establishing the value of the contemporaneity factor, which depends on the number of delivery
points.
Values have been calculated with the following formulas:
- Apartments with one bathroom
f = 1/ (0.643 x Nr x Na)1/2 x 1.05 with flush tank WC
f = 1/ (0.857 x Nr x Na)1/2 x 1 with controlled flushing system WC
- Apartments with two bathrooms
f = 1/ (0.545 x Nr x Na)1/2 x 1.03 with flush tank WC
f = 1/ (0.727 x Nr x Na)1/2 x 0.8 with controlled flushing system WC
where Nr = number of delivery points
Na = number of apartments
The table at page 166 shows the maximum contemporaneity flow-rate values for apartments with one or two
bathrooms provided with flush tank WC or controlled flushing system WC. As regards apartments with one
bathroom, 7 drawing points have been taken into consideration, while 11 points have been considered for
apartments with two bathrooms.
Water requirements for community buildings
The requirements of buildings intended for specific uses, such as hospitals, hotels, offices, boarding schools,
residential hotels, department stores, are different from those of condominiums, and both their global daily
water consumption and the maximum contemporaneity flow rate are usually greater.
The diagram at page 167 shows the requirements of a few communities, for guidance.
These requirements must be determined case by case, with the utmost accuracy, according to particular needs
and local provisions.

26

TECHNICAL APPENDIX
WATER REQUIREMENTS IN CIVIL USERS

NUMBER OF
APARTMENTS

WITH CONTROLLED FLUSHING SYSTEM WC

WITH FLUSH TANK WC
1
2
1
2
Flow rate (l/min)

32

40

60

79

45

56

85

111

55

68

105

136

63

79

121

157

71

88

135

176

78

97

148

193

84

105

160

208

90

112

171

223

95

119

181

236

10

100

125

191

249

11

105

131

200

261

12

110

137

209

273

13

114

143

218

284

14

119

148

226

295

15

123

153

234

305

16

127

158

242

315

17

131

163

249

325

18

134

168

256

334

19

138

172

263

343

20

142

177

270

352

21

145

181

277

361

22

149

185

283

369

23

152

190

290

378

24

155

194

296

386

25

158

198

302

394

26

162

202

308

401

27

165

205

314

409

28

168

209

320

417

29

171

213

325

424

30

174

217

331

431

35

187

234

357

466

40

200

250

382

498

45

213

265

405

528

50

224

280

427

557

55

235

293

448

584

60

245

306

468

610

65

255

319

487

635

70

265

331

506

659

75

274

342

523

682

80

283

354

540

704

85

292

364

557

726

90

301

375

573

747

95

309

385

589

767

100

317

395

604

787

27

TECHNICAL APPENDIX
WATER REQUIREMENTS IN CIVIL USERS

NUMBER OF
APARTMENTS

WITH FLUSH TANK WC

WITH CONTROLLED FLUSHING SYSTEM WC
1
2
1
2
Flow rate (l/min)

100

317

395

604

787

120

347

433

662

863

140

375

468

715

932

160

401

500

764

996

180

425

530

811

1056

200

448

559

854

1114

220

470

586

896

1168

240

491

612

936

1220

260

511

637

974

1270

280

530

661

1011

1318

300

549

685

1047

1364

320

567

707

1081

1408

340

584

729

1114

1452

360

601

750

1146

1494

380

618

771

1178

1535

400

634

791

1208

1575

450

672

838

1282

1670

Note: For seaside resorts, a flow rate increased by at least 20% must be
considered.

FLOW RATE
l/min
9
10
15
6
6
6
12
12
90

TYPE
Sink
Dishwasher
Bathtub
Washbasin
Bidet
Flush tank WC
Washing machine
Shower
Controlled flushing system WC

28

29

NUMBER OF PEOPLE OR BEDS

3 = HOSPITALS (BEDS)
*4 = RESIDENTIAL HOTELS (BEDS)

*NOTE = FOR SEASIDE RESORTS CONSIDER A MINIMUM 20% FLOW RATE INCREASE

1 = OFFICES (N. OF PEOPLE)

2 = DEPARTMENT STORES (N. OF PEOPLE)

FLOW RATE

TECHNICAL APPENDIX

WATER REQUIREMENTS IN CIVIL USERS

TECHNICAL APPENDIX
NPSH
The minimum operating values that can be reached at
the pump suction end are limited by the onset of
cavitation.

The maximum possible suction head for installation

depends on the value of the atmospheric pressure
(i.e. the elevation above sea level at which the pump
is installed) and the temperature of the liquid.

Cavitation is the formation of vapour-filled cavities

within liquids where the pressure is locally reduced to a
critical value, or where the local pressure is equal to, or
just below the vapour pressure of the liquid.

To help the user, with reference to water temperature

(4C) and to the elevation above sea level, the
following tables show the drop in hydraulic pressure
head in relation to the elevation above sea level, and
the suction loss in relation to temperature.

The vapour-filled cavities flow with the current and

when they reach a higher pressure area the vapour
contained in the cavities condenses. The cavities collide,
generating pressure waves that are transmitted to the
walls. These, being subjected to stress cycles, gradually
become deformed and yield due to fatigue. This
phenomenon, characterized by a metallic noise
produced by the hammering on the pipe walls, is called
incipient cavitation.
The damage caused by cavitation may be magnified by
electrochemical corrosion and a local rise in
temperature due to the plastic deformation of the
walls. The materials that offer the highest resistance to
heat and corrosion are alloy steels, especially austenitic
steel. The conditions that trigger cavitation may be
assessed by calculating the total net suction head,
referred to in technical literature with the acronym
NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head).

Water
20 40
temperature (C)

60

80

90 110 120

Suction
loss (m)

2,0

5,0

7,4 15,4 21,5

0,2 0,7

Elevation above
sea level (m)

500 1000 1500 2000 25003000

Suction
loss (m)

0,55 1,1 1,65 2,2 2,75 3,3

Flow resistance is shown in the tables at pages 344345 of this catalogue. To reduce it to a minimum,
especially in cases of high suction head (over 4-5 m.)
or within the operating limits with high flow rates, we
recommend using a suction line having a larger
diameter than that of the pump's suction port.
It is always a good idea to position the pump as close
as possible to the liquid to be pumped.

The NPSH represents the total energy (expressed in m.)

of the liquid measured at suction under conditions of
incipient cavitation, excluding the vapour pressure
(expressed in m.) that the liquid has at the pump inlet.

Make the following calculation:

To find the static height hz at which to install the

machine under safe conditions, the following formula
must be verified:

Liquid: water at 15C y = 1 kg/dm3

Flow rate required: 30 m3/h
Head for required delivery: 43 m.
Suction lift: 3.5 m.
The selection is an FHE 40-200/75 pump whose NPSH
required value is, at 30 m3/h, 2.5 m.

hp + hz (NPSHr + 0.5) + hf + hpv

where:
hp is the absolute pressure applied to the free liquid
surface in the suction tank, expressed in m. of
liquid; hp is the quotient between the barometric
pressure and the specific weight of the liquid.
hz is the suction lift between the pump axis and the
free liquid surface in the suction tank, expressed
in m.; hz is negative when the liquid level is
lower than the pump axis.
hf is the flow resistance in the suction line and its
accessories, such as: fittings, foot valve, gate
valve, elbows, etc.
hpv is the vapour pressure of the liquid at the
operating temperature, expressed in m. of
liquid. hpv is the quotient between the Pv vapour
pressure and the liquid's specific weight.
0.5 is the safety factor.

For water at 15C the hpv term is Pv = 0,174 m (0.01701 bar)

a
and h = Pa = 10,33m
a
The Hf flow resistance in the suction line with foot
valves is 1.2 m.
By substituting the parameters in formula with the
numeric values above, we have:
10,33 + (-3,5) (2,5 + 0,5) + 1,2 + 0,17
from which we have: 6.8 > 4.4
The relation is therefore verified.

30

TECHNICAL APPENDIX
ps
VAPOUR
PRESSURE
AND
OF WATER
TABELLA
TENSIONE
DI VAPORE
pslE DENSITY
DENSIT DELL
ACQUA TABLE
t
C

T
K

ps
bar

kg/dm3

t
C

T
K

ps
bar

kg/dm3

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55

273,15
274,15
275,15
276,15
277,15
278,15
279,15
280,15
281,15
282,15
283,15
284,15
285,15
286,15
287,15
288,15
289,15
290,15
291,15
292,15
293,15
294,15
295,15
296,15
297,15
298,15
299,15
300,15
301,15
302,15
303,15
304,15
305,15
306,15
307,15
308,15
309,15
310,15
311,15
312,15
313,15
314,15
315,15
316,15
317,15
318,15
319,15
320,15
321,15
322,15
323,15
324,15
325,15
326,15
327,15
328,15

0,00611
0,00657
0,00706
0,00758
0,00813
0,00872
0,00935
0,01001
0,01072
0,01147
0,01227
0,01312
0,01401
0,01497
0,01597
0,01704
0,01817
0,01936
0,02062
0,02196
0,02337
0,2485
0,02642
0,02808
0,02982
0,03166
0,03360
0,03564
0,03778
0,04004
0,04241
0,04491
0,04753
0,05029
0,05318
0,05622
0,05940
0,06274
0,06624
0,06991
0,07375
0,07777
0,08198
0,09639
0,09100
0,09582
0,10086
0,10612
0,11162
0,11736
0,12335
0,12961
0,13613
0,14293
0,15002
0,15741

0,9998
0,9999
0,9999
0,9999
1,0000
1,0000
1,0000
0,9999
0,9999
0,9998
0,9997
0,9997
0,9996
0,9994
0,9993
0,9992
0,9990
0,9988
0,9987
0,9985
0,9983
0,9981
0,9978
0,9976
0,9974
0,9971
0,9968
0,9966
0,9963
0,9960
0,9957
0,9954
0,9951
0,9947
0,9944
0,9940
0,9937
0,9933
0,9930
0,9927
0,9923
0,9919
0,9915
0,9911
0,9907
0,9902
0,9898
0,9894
0,9889
0,9884
0,9880
0,9876
0,9871
0,9862
0,9862
0,9857

56
57
58
59
60

329,15
330,15
331,15
332,15
333,15

0,16511
0,17313
0,18147
0,19016
0,19920

0,9852
0,9846
0,9842
0,9837
0,9232

61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
102
104
106
108
110
112
114
116
118
120

334,15
335,15
336,15
337,15
338,15
339,15
340,15
341,15
342,15
343,15
344,15
345,15
346,15
347,15
348,15
349,15
350,15
351,15
352,15
353,15
354,15
355,15
356,15
357,15
358,15
359,15
360,15
361,15
362,15
363,15
364,15
365,15
366,15
367,15
368,15
369,15
370,15
371,15
372,15
373,15
375,15
377,15
379,15
381,15
383,15
385,15
387,15
389,15
391,15
393,15

0,2086
0,2184
0,2286
0,2391
0,2501
0,2615
0,2733
0,2856
0,2984
0,3116
0,3253
0,3396
0,3543
0,3696
0,3855
0,4019
0,4189
0,4365
0,4547
0,4736
0,4931
0,5133
0,5342
0,5557
0,5780
0,6011
0,6249
0,6495
0,6749
0,7011
0,7281
0,7561
0,7849
0,8146
0,8453
0,8769
0,9094
0,9430
0,9776
1,0133
1,0878
1,1668
1,2504
1,3390
1,4327
1,5316
1,6362
1,7465
1,8628
1,9854

0,9826
0,9821
0,9816
0,9811
0,9805
0,9799
0,9793
0,9788
0,9782
0,9777
0,9770
0,9765
0,9760
0,9753
0,9748
0,9741
0,9735
0,9729
0,9723
0,9716
0,9710
0,9704
0,9697
0,9691
0,9684
0,9678
0,9671
0,9665
0,9658
0,9652
0,9644
0,9638
0,9630
0,9624
0,9616
0,9610
0,9602
0,9596
009586
0,9581
0,9567
0,9552
0,9537
0,9522
0,9507
0,9491
0,9476
0,9460
0,9445
0,9429

31

t
C

T
K

ps
bar

kg/dm3

122
124
126
128
130

395,15
397,15
399,15
401,15
403,15

2,1145
2,2504
2,3933
2,5435
2,7013

0,9412
0,9396
0,9379
0,9362
0,9346

132
134
136

405,15
407,15
409,15

2,8670
3,041
3,223

0,9328
0,9311
0,9294

138
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315
320
325
330
340
350
360
370
374,15

411,15
413,15
418,15
423,15
428,15
433,15
438,15
433,15
448,15
453,15
458,15
463,15
468,15
473,15
478,15
483,15
488,15
493,15
498,15
503,15
508,15
513,15
518,15
523,15
528,15
533,15
538,15
543,15
548,15
553,15
558,15
563,15
568,15
573,15
578,15
583,15
588,15
593,15
598,15
603,15
613,15
623,15
633,15
643,15
647,30

3,414
3,614
4,155
4,760
5,433
6,181
7,008
7,920
8,924
10,027
11,233
12,551
13,987
15,55
17,243
19,077
21,060
23,198
25,501
27,976
30,632
33,478
36,523
39,776
43,246
46,943
50,877
55,058
59,496
64,202
69,186
74,461
80,037
85,927
92,144
98,700
105,61
112,89
120,56
128,63
146,05
165,35
186,75
210,54
221,2

0,9276
0,9258
0,9214
0,9168
0,9121
0,9073
0,9024
0,8973
0,8921
0,8869
0,8815
0,8760
0,8704
0,8647
0,8588
0,8528
0,8467
0,8403
0,8339
0,8273
0,8205
0,8136
0,8065
0,7992
0,7916
0,7839
0,7759
0,7678
0,7593
0,7505
0,7415
0,7321
0,7223
0,7122
0,7017
0,6906
0,6791
0,6669
0,6541
0,6404
0,6102
0,5743
0,5275
0,4518
0,3154

TECHNICAL APPENDIX
TABLE OF FLOW RESISTANCE IN 100 m OF A NEW AND
STRAIGHT CAST IRON PIPELINE
NOMINALNOMINALE
DIAMETER
IN mm
INCHES
DIAMETRO
IN mm
E IN AND
POLLICI

PORTATA
FLOW
RATE
3

m /h l/min.

0,9

15

1,2

20

1,5

25

1,8

30

2,1

35

2,4

40

50

3,6

60

4,2

70

4,8

80

5,4

90

100

7,5

125

150

10,5

175

12

200

15

250

18

300

24

400

30

500

36

600

42

700

48

800

54

900

60

1000

75

1250

90

1500

105 1750
120 2000
150 2500
180 3000
300 5000
600 10000
1200 20000
1800 30000
3000 50000
4500 75000
6000 100000

Hr
= PERDITA
FLOW RESISTANCE
(m/100
mTUBAZIONE)
OF PIPELINE)
hr =
DI CARICO (m/100
m DI

10

20

25

32

40

50

65

80

100

125

150

175

200

250

300

350

400

/4

1 1/4

11/2

21/2

10

12

14

16

0,94

0,53

0,34

0,21

hr

11,8

2,82

0,25

1,42

0,8

0,51

0,31

hr

25,1

6,04

2,16

0,55

1,89

1,06

0,68

0,41

0,66

V V==WATER
SPEED
(m/sec)(m/sec)
VELOCIT
DELLACQUA

0,6

15
/2

THE
FLOW RESISTANCE
MUST ESSERE
BE MULTIPLIED
BY: PER:
LE PERDITE
DI CARICO DEVONO
MOLTIPLICATE
0,8
0.8 for
steel inox
pipes
perstainless
tubi in acciaio
in acciaio
leggermente
1,25
1.25 per
for tubi
slightly
rusted
steel pipesarrugginiti
perpipes
tubi con
incrostazioni
che riducono
la sezione
di passaggio
1,7
1.7 for
with
deposits that
reduce the
flow section
peraluminium
tubi di alluminio
0,7
0.7 for
pipes
perfibre-cement
tubi in fibra dipipes
cemento
1,3
1.3 for

0,27

hr

43,1

10,4

3,72

0,95

0,31

2,36

1,33

0,85

0,52

0,33
0,47

hr

64,5

15,8

5,68

1,47

2,83

1,59

1,02

0,62

0,4

hr

92

22,3

2,09

0,66

3,3

1,86

1,19

0,73

0,46

0,3

hr

123

29,8

10,8

2,81

0,89

0,31

3,77

2,12

1,36

0,83

0,53

0,34

hr

164

38,2

13,8

2,65

1,15

0,4

4,72

2,65

1,7

1,04

0,66

0,42

hr

246

58,2

21,5

5,6

3,18

2,04

1,24

0,8

0,51

hr

82

30

2,48

1,75

0,86

0,61

3,72

2,38

1,45

0,93

0,59

hr

110

40

10,8

3,33

1,14

4,25

2,72

1,66

1,06

0,68

hr

141

51,5

13,9

4,3

1,46

3,06

1,87

1,19

0,76

0,45

hr

64

17,5

5,4

1,82

0,46

3,4

2,07

1,33

0,85

0,5

hr

79

21,4

6,6

2,22

0,56

4,25

2,59

1,66

1,06

0,63

hr

120

33

10

3,4

0,86

3,11

1,99

1,27

0,75

0,5

hr

47

14,2

4,74

1,21

0,43

3,63

2,32

1,49

0,88

0,58
0,57

hr

63

19

6,3

1,63

4,15

2,65

1,7

1,01

0,66

hr

82

24,5

8,1

2,1

0,74

5,18

3,32

2,12

1,26

0,83

0,53

hr

126

37,5

12,3

3,2

1,12

0,36

3,98

2,55

1,51

0,64

hr

53

17,3

4,5

1,58

0,51

5,31

3,4

2,01

1,33

0,85

hr

92

29,5

7,8

2,7

0,89

6,63

4,25

2,51

1,66

1,06

0,68

hr

140

44,8

12

4,13

1,36

0,48

5,1

3,02

1,99

1,27

0,82

hr

63

16,9

5,8

1,93

0,68

5,94

3,52

2,32

1,49

0,95

hr

84

22,6

7,8

2,6

0,9

6,79

4,02

2,65

1,70

1,09

0,75

hr

108

29

10

3,35

1,16

0,43

7,64

4,52

2,99

1,91

1,22

0,85

hr

134

36

12,5

4,2

1,45

0,54

5,03

3,32

2,12

1,36

0,94

hr

44,5

15,2

5,14

1,76

0,66

6,28

4,15

2,65

1,70

1,18

0,87

hr

68

23

7,9

2,68

0,48

7,54

4,98

3,18

2,04

1,42

1,04

hr

96

32,6

11,2

3,77

1,42

0,68

8,79

5,81

3,72

2,38

1,65

1,21

0,93

hr

129

43,5

15

5,04

1,9

0,91

0,45

6,63

4,25

2,72

1,89

1,39

1,06

0,68

hr

56

19,4

6,5

2,43

1,18

0,58

0,16

8,29

5,31

3,40

2,36

1,73

1,33

0,85

hr

85

30

9,8

3,75

1,79

0,89

0,25

9,95

6,37

4,08

2,83

2,08

1,59

1,02

0,71

hr

120

42

13,8

5,3

2,53

1,25

0,35

0,15

10,62

6,79

4,72

3,47

2,65

1,70

1,18

0,87

hr

124,9

41,3

16,74

7,81

4,03

1,34

0,54

0,25

0,13

13,59

9,44

6,93

5,31

3,4

2,36

1,73

1,33

hr

161

65

30,2

15,6

5,16

2,09

0,97

6,79

4,72

3,47

2,65

hr

20,1

8,13

3,8

1,95

0,5

7,7

5,2

4,0

hr

18,07

8,39

4,32

11,8

8,67

6,63

hr

49,5

23

11,8

17,7

13

9,9

hr

110,5

51,3

26,4

17,33

13,27

hr

90,6

46,6

32

TECHNICAL APPENDIX
TABLE
OF
FLOW DI
RESISTANCE
INCURVE,
BENDS,
VALVES
AND
TABELLA
PERDITE
CARICO NELLE
VALVOLE
E SARACINESCHE
IN
cm
DI
COLONNA
DACQUA
GATES IN cm OF COLUMN OF WATER
WATER
VELOCIT
SPEED
DELLACQUA

CURVE
AD ANGOLO
SHARP
BENDSVIVO

CURVE NORMALI
SMOOTH
BENDS

m/sec

a = 30

a = 40

a = 60

a = 80

a = 90

0,10
0,15
0,2
0,25
0,3
0,35
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
3,5
4,0
4,5
5,0

0,03
0,06
0,11
0,17
0,25
0,33
0,43
0,67
0,97
1,35
1,7
2,2
2,7
6,0
11
17
25
33
43
55
67

0,04
0,07
0,13
0,21
0,30
0,40
0,52
0,81
1,2
1,65
2,1
2,7
3,3
7,3
14
21
30
40
52
67
82

0,05
0,10
0,18
0,28
0,41
0,54
0,71
1,1
1,6
2,2
2,8
3,6
4,5
10
18
28
41
55
70
90
110

0,07
0,14
0,26
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
1,6
2,3
3,2
4,0
5,2
6,4
14
26
40
60
78
100
130
160

0,08
0,17
0,31
0,48
0,7
0,93
1,2
1,9
2,8
3,9
4,8
6,2
7,6
17
31
48
70
93
120
160
190

d = 0,4 d = 0,6 d = 0,8 d = 1

R
R
R
R

0,007
0,016
0,028
0,044
0,063
0,085
0,11
0,18
0,25
0,34
0,45
0,57
0,7
1,6
2,8
4,4
6,3
8,5
11
14
18

0,008
0,019
0,033
0,052
0,074
0,10
0,13
0,21
0,29
0,40
0,53
0,67
0,82
1,9
3,3
5,2
7,4
10
13
21
29

0,01
0,024
0,04
0,063
0,09
0,12
0,16
0,26
0,36
0,48
0,64
0,82
1,0
2,3
4,0
6,3
9
12
16
26
36

0,0155
0,033
0,058
0,091
0,13
0,18
0,23
0,37
0,52
0,70
0,93
1,18
1,45
3,3
5,8
9,1
13
18
23
37
52

SARACI- VALVOSTANDARD
FOOT
NESCHE
LE DI
GATE
VALVES
NORMALI
FONDO
VALVES

VALVOCHECK
LE DI
VALVES
RITEGNO

d = 1,5
R

0,027
0,06
0,11
0,17
0,25
0,33
0,43
0,67
0,97
1,35
1,7
2,2
2,7
6
11
17
25
33
42
55
67

0,030
0,033
0,058
0,090
0,13
0,18
0,23
0,37
0,52
0,70
0,95
1,20
1,45
3,3
5,8
9,1
13
18
23
37
52

30
31
31
31
31
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
47
61
78
100
123
150
190
220

30
31
31
31
31
31
31
32
32
32
33
34
35
40
48
58
71
85
100
120
140

Flow
resistance
in nelle
bends
is due
tosoltanto
the contraction
of the
threadsdei
resulting
fromper
thecambiamento
change of direction:
thelodevelopment
the bends
1) Le
perdite
di carico
curve
sono
quelle dovute
allaliquid
contrazione
filetti liquidi
di direzione:
sviluppo delleofcurve
deve quindi
must therefore
included
in the
of the pipeline.
essere
compreso be
nella
lunghezza
dellalength
tubazione.
Flow
resistance
in nelle
valves
and gates
was determined
ondeterminate
the basis of
tests.
2) Le
perdite
di carico
valvole
e saracinesche
sono state
in practical
base a prove
pratiche.

33

TECHNICAL APPENDIX

Portata
VOLUMETRIC CAPACITY
litres
per minute
l/min

cubic metres
per hour
m/h
0,0600
1,0000
0,0283
1,6990
0,2728
0,2271
0,0066

1,0000
16,6670
0,4720
28,3170
4,5460
3,7850
0,1100

Volumetrica

cubic feet
per hour
ft/h
2,1189
35,3147
1,0000
60,0000
9,6326
8,0209
0,2339

Pressione
PRESSURE AND HEAD
Newton per square
metre
N/m
1,0000
1.000,0000
100.000,0000
98.067,0000
6.895,0000
2.984,0000
9.789,0000
133,3000
3.386,0000

kiloPascal

bar

kPa

bar

0,0010
1,0000
100,0000
98,0700
6,8950
2,9840
9,7890
0,1330
3,3860

1,0000
10,0000
1000,0000
25,4000
304,8000
914,4000

centimetre
cm
0,1000
1,0000
100,0000
2,5400
30,4800
91,4400

1,0000
0,0010
-6
1 x 10
0,0045
0,0038
0,0283

0,0353
0,5886
0,0167
1,0000
0,1605
0,1337
0,0039

US gal. per
minute
US gal./min

0,2200
3,6660
0,1040
6,2290
1,0000
0,8330
0,0240

0,2640
4,4030
0,1250
7,4800
1,2010
1,0000
0,0290

e Prevalenza
pound force per
square inch
psi

1 x 105
0,0100
1,0000
0,9810
0,0690
0,0300
0,0980
0,0013
0,0338

1,45 x 10-4
0,1450
14,5000
14,2200
1,0000
0,4330
1,4200
0,0190
0,4910

metre of water
m H2 O
1,02 x 10-4
0,1020
10,2000
10,0000
0,7030
0,3050
1,0000
0,0140
0,3450

millimetre of
mercury
mm Hg
0,0075
7,5000
750,1000
735,6000
51,7200
22,4200
73,4200
1,0000
25,4000

metre
m

inch
in

0,0010
0,0100
1,0000
0,0254
3,0480
0,9144

0,0394
0,3937
39,3701
1,0000
12,0000
36,0000

foot
ft

yard
yd
0,0033
0,0328
3,2808
0,0833
1,0000
3,0000

0,0011
0,0109
1,0936
0,0278
0,3333
1,0000

Volume

VOLUME
cubic metre
m

imp. gal. per

minute
imp. gal./min

Lunghezza

LENGTH
millimetre
mm

cubic feet
per minute
ft/min

litre
l
1.000,0000
1,0000
0,0010
4,5460
3,7850
28,3170

millilitre
ml

imp. gallon
imp. gal.
6

1 x 10
1.000,0000
1,0000
4.546,0000
3.785,0000
28.317,0000

34

220,0000
0,2200
2,2 x 10-4
1,0000
0,8327
6,2288

US gallon
US gal
264,2000
0,2642
2,642 x 10-4
1,2010
1,0000
7,4805

cubic foot
ft
35,3147
0,0353
3,53 x 10-5
0,1605
0,1337
1,0000

RECYCLED
PAPER

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Brotherton, Knottingley - West Yorkshire WF11 9HS
Tel. 01977 607267 - Fax 01977 607226
e-mail: salesuknorth@lowara.ittind.com
http://www.lowara.co.uk
LOWARA IRELAND Ltd.
59 Broomhill Drive - Tallaght Industrial Estate
Tallaght - DUBLIN 24 - EIRE
Tel. (1) 4520266 - Fax: (1) 4520725
e-mail: sales-irl@lowara.ittind.com
http://www.lowara.ie

LOWARA PORTUGAL, Lda

Praceta da Castanheira, 38
4475-019 Barca Portugal
Tel. 00351 22 9478550
Fax: 00351 22 9478570
e-mail: info.pt@lowara.ittind.com
http://www.lowara.pt

LOWARA S.r.l. - 36075 Montecchio Maggiore - Vicenza - Italy - Tel. +39 0444/707111 - Telefax +39 0444/492166 - e-mail: mkt@lowara.ittind.com - http://www.lowara.com
LOWARA si riserva il diritto di apportare modifiche senza obbligo di preavviso LOWARA reserves the right to make modifications without prior notice

cod. 191003751

05/03