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Sulphur Piping

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Handbook of Sulphuric Acid
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Technical Manual

DKL Engineering, Inc.

Sulphur Systems - Sulphur Piping

September 8, 2010

Introduction
Piping
Valves
Service Conditions
Molten Sulphur
Steam Jacket
Gaskets
Steam Jumpers

Associated Links
Sulphur Properties
Sulphur Safety
Sulphur Melting
Sulphur Filtration
Sulphur Storage
Sulphur Furnace
Procedures

Introduction
It is a design and operating challenge to move molten sulphur around a plant. To
keep the sulphur molten and pumpable at the proper viscosity, all piping and
equipment handling molten sulphur must be heated and insulated. Steam
jacketed piping is by far the most common way of conveying molten sulphur
throughout the plant. Less common methods are steam or electrical tracing.
Piping
Jacketed piping is basically a pipe within a pipe. Molten sulphur flows in the
central or core pipe while steam flows in the annular space formed between the
two pipes. Sulphur piping will generally be carbon steel, seamless pipe supplied
to ASTM A106 Gr. B and/or ASTM A53 Gr. B. Standard sizes of jacketed pipe
for molten sulphur are:
Core Pipe

Pipe Jacket

Flange

1"

2"

6" O.D. x 1" I.D.

1"

2"

7" O.D. x 1" I.D.

2"

3"

7" O.D. x 2" I.D.

3"

4"

9" O.D. x 3" I.D.

4"

6"

11" O.D. x 4" I.D.

6"

8"

13" O.D. x 6" I.D.

8"

10"

16" O.D. x 8" I.D.

Schedule 80 pipe is recommended for pipe sizes 2" and smaller.

Schedule 40 pipe is recommended for pipe sizes larger than 2".
Valves
For on/off service, jacketed plug valves are generally used in molten sulphur
service. Two acceptable plug valves for this service are manufactured by XOMOX
and Durco. Both manufacturers offer partially and fully jacketed valves. Partially
jacketed valves provide uniform heat dissipation and is suitable for most
applications because of the plug valve configuration and a certain amount of
insulating effect of the PTFE sleeve. Fully jacketed valves are for maximum

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heating or cooling duties without regard to uniform heating of surfaces in contact

with the media. For molten sulphur applications, partially jacketed valves are
suitable provided insulation is maintained in good condition.

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The valve body is generally cast steel with a ductile cast iron plug. The plug
rotates in a PTFE sleeve that is locked in the body by raised metal lips and
grooves surrounding the body parts.

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Partially jacketed valves are available in sizes from 25 mm to 300 mm (1" to 12")
in the 150 lb. rating. 300 lb. rated valves are available from 25 mm to 200 mm (1"
to 8") but are generally not required in most acid plant applications.
Valves smaller than 80 or 100 mm (3" or 4") will be wrench operated while larger
valves are equipped with a gear operator.

Tradename

XOMOX

Durco

Tufline

Sleeveline

Model No. (150 lb. rating)

067PJ (partially jacketed) PJG411 (partially jacketed)

067FJ (fully jacketed)
FJG411 (fully jacketed)

Size Range

25 to 300 mm (1" to 12")

(PJ, 150 lb)
25 to 150 mm (1" to 6")
(FJ, 150 lb)

25 to 300 mm (1" to 12")

(PJ, 150 lb)
25 to 150 mm (1" to 6")
(FJ, 150 lb)

Service Conditions
Molten Sulphur
Piping should be designed and rated for the maximum pump
discharge pressure. For plants operating with sulphur guns in the
sulphur furnace, operating pressures can be quite high since a high
spray nozzle pressure drop is required to finely atomize the sulphur.
Piping should be designed for a maximum temperature of 170C
(338F).
A 2 mm corrosion allowance is recommended.
Steam Jacket
The operating pressure of the steam jacket will generally be 3.45 bar
(g) (50 psig). The system will be protected from overpressure by a
relief valve located on the steam header downstream of the pressure
reducing station.
The jacketing pipe should be designed for a maximum temperature
of 170C (338F).
A 2 mm corrosion allowance is recommended.
Gaskets
Early piping system used 3 mm (1/8") compressed asbestos gaskets for flanged
connections. Many companies prohibit the use of asbestos so an alternative
must be used. Spiral wound gaskets to API Standard 601 made of 304 S.S. and
flexible graphite are a good alternative.
Steam Jumpovers
Steam jumpovers can be hard
piped using standard carbon steel
pipe fiittings, stainless steel
tubing with 'Swagelok' type fittings
or flexible hoses. By far the
easiest to install and maintain are
flexible hose jumpovers.
Flexible jumpovers are either
annular or helical flexible metal
hose constructed of 300 series stainless steel for the hose and outer braid.
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Flexible jumpovers can also be obtained pre-insulated. Hoses come in standard

lengths of 560, 760 and 1220 mm ( 22", 30" and 48"). Diameters of hose are 13,
19 and 25 mm (1/2", 3/4" and 1") diameter.

Copyright 2005-2011 DKL Engineering, Inc., All Rights Reserved

DKL Engineering, Inc. shall not be held liable for any type of damages resulting from the use of this information. The user assumes all risk and liability in connection with the use of information contained in this and associated web
sites. The data is intended for personal, non-commercial use.

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