Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
de la criteriile de consensus la
realitatea cotidiana
Mihai Craiu MD PhD
Medic primar Pediatrie
Medic specialist Pneumologie Pediatrica
IOMC Alfred Rusescu
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
Definitie a anginei acute
Infectie acuta localizata la nivelul caii
aeriene superioare, cu :
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
Motivatia cursului (1)
Infectia cu GAS este foarte frecventa in
patologia pediatrica
In ultimul timp (1999-2005) autoritati
institutionale medicale au elaborat
Ghiduri de Buna Practica privind
faringita cu GAS
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
DIMENSIUNEA PROBLEMEI (1)
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
NR CAZURI
19065
18823
15000
10000
4742
5000
0
1
2003
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2
2004
3
2005, trimestru
1
ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
DIMENSIUNEA PROBLEMEI (3)
* O'Brien KL, Schwartz B, Facklam R, et al. Population based active surveillance for invasive group A
Streptococcus. [Abstract K-159]. In: Program and abstracts of the 37th Interscience Conference on
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapeutics, Toronto, Canada, September 28 to October 1, 1997.
Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, 1997: 356.
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DIMENSIUNEA PROBLEMEI (3)
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
Aspecte etiologice (1)
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Aspecte etiologice (3)
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Aspecte etiologice (4)
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Premize (1)
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
Premize (2)
Este discutabila nevoia de tratament cu
antibiotice pentru multe angine
Exista un evident ABUZ de antibiotice in
tratamentul anginei *
* Miguel ORyan 4th WSPID Congress Consensus Meeting on GAS Angina
in Children Sept 2005, Varsovia
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
Premize (3)
* Touw-Otten FWM, Staer Johansen K Diagnosis, antibiotic treatment and outcome of acute
tonsilitis: Report of a WHO regional office, for Europe study (in 17 european countries).
Fam Pract 1992; 9: 255-267
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
Obiectiv
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
Diagnosticul
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
Scoruri clinice
Centor *
Mc Isaac**
* Centor RM, Whiterspoon JM et al- The diagnosis of strep throat in
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
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Mc Isaac (risc infectie streptococica)
0 - 2-3%
1 - 4-6%
2 - 10-12%
3 - 27-28%
4/5 - 38-63%
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Dg int Amigdalita/Faringoamigdalita 86 FO
(8,6% din internati)
scor Centor 3/4 , 72 FO (83,72% din total
faringite)
Risc statistic estimat de GAS 43,66% (37 pac
Centor 3 = 51,39%, 35 pac Centor 4 = 48,61%)
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44%
EXSUDATUL FARINGIAN
James and McFarland, 1971 *
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EXSUDATUL FARINGIAN
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TESTELE RAPIDE (RADT)
Se bazeaza pe determinarea prezentei
antigenelor solubile in secretiile recoltate
prin exsudat faringian (Lancefield group Aspecific carbohydrate)
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NEGATIV
TOTAL
121
125
122
129
TOTAL
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TESTELE RAPIDE
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TESTELE RAPIDE
Pot exista REZULTATE FALS POZITIVE ?
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TESTELE RAPIDE
Caror pacienti nu le facem RADT / Exsud ?
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OPTIUNI TERAPEUTICE IN
FARINGITA STREPTOCOCICA
* Bisno AL, Gerber MA et al Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of
Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis CID 2002; 35: 113-125
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OBIECTIVELE TERAPEUTICE IN
FARINGITA STREPTOCOCICA*
* Bisno AL, Gerber MA et al Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of
Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis CID 2002; 35: 113-125
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Incidenta este in scadere globala astfel incat in 1994 CDC dec. eliminarea
RAA din Programul National de Supraveghere Activa
Studiile disponibile privind preventia RAA cu ajutorul antibioticelor sunt
fie prea vechi (1950-1956) fie sunt inadecvate ca esantionaj (militari din
cazarme supraaglom.)
Metaanaliza pe 10101 pac. arata o scadere la 1/3 a RAA la antibiotice vs
placebo (Del Mar CB, Glasziou PP, Spinks AB. Antibiotics for sore throat
Cochrane Review, 2003, Issue4)
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RAA (2)
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RAA (3)
* Del Mar CB, Glasziou PP, Spinks AB. Antibiotics for sore throat Cochrane
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RAA (4)
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RAA (5)
* Robertson KA, Volmink JA, Mayosi BM - Antibiotics for the primary prevention
of acute rheumatic fever: a meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2005; 5: 11.
Published online 2005 May 31. doi: 10.1186/1471-2261-5-11. Copyright
2005
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TRATAMENT ?? *
Nu exista argumente sustinute de dovezi pentru
folosirea antibioticelor in tratamentul majoritatii
copiilor cu angina acuta, INDIFERENT de
prezenta GAS. Aceasta descoperire este in acord
cu Ghidurile de Practica privind angina acuta,
din Olanda si Scotia.
* Zwart S, Rovers MM, de Melker RA - Penicillin for acute sore throat in children:
randomised, double blind trial. BMJ. 2003; 327(7427): 1324.
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* Del Mar CB, Glasziou PP, Spinks AB. Antibiotics for sore throat Cochrane Database
of Systematic Reviews, 2004, Issue2, CD000023
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PURTATORII DE GAS
Contagiozitatea purtatorilor
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PURTATORII DE GAS
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Complianta scazuta
Contact cu purtator
Expunere repetata
Copatogenitate
Coagregare
Patrundere proasta a antib in tesutul amigdalian
Contaminarea periute/aparate dentare
Contact cu animal de companie cu GAS oral/fecal
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*The Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2005 (citeaza AAC 2004; 48: 473)
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Time trends in antibiotic prescribing to children and episodes of, and admissions for mastoiditis,
peritonsillar abscess, and rheumatic fever, in United Kingdom, 1993 to 2002 or 2003 (95%
confidence intervals [for general practice episodes] are based on Poisson approximation).
PPA=Prescription Pricing Authority.
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Copyright 2005 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.
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Amoxi+Clavulanat 10 zile
Cefadroxil 10 zile
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TRATAMENT Cost-eficienta
Cel mai eficient la pacientii Medicaid
Exsudat faring
Cel mai eficient la pacientii cu Asigurari
private RADT
Cel mai eficient dpdv costuri directe
Observare (dar cu cele mai mari costuri
INDIRECTE social, etc)
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TRATAMENT 1 (IOMC)
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TRATAMENT 2 (IOMC)
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TRATAMENT 3 (IOMC)
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Ampi
PeniG
PeniV
RADT
BenzatinP
2
10 12% risc GAS
RADT toti, trat cei +
3
27 28% risc GAS
RADT toti, cult cei -, tratam
4 si > 38 63% risc GAS
RADT toti, tratam cu antibiotice
pe baze clinice (febra>>, stare alterata brusc, debut recent al
bolii) Peni V 10 zile, Amoxi 7 zile
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ANGINA IN PRACTICA
PEDIATRICA
Take-home lesson
IN LOC DE CONCLUZII.
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
Aspecte etiologice
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
Diagnosticul pozitiv
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA Dg
Dif
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA Dg
Dif
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ANGINA STREPTOCOCICA
Centor (cate +1 punct pt fiecare
parametru prezent)
Febra
Absenta tusei
Ganglioni cervicali anteriori tumefiati
Depozite pultacee amigdaliene
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EXSUDATUL FARINGIAN
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OPTIUNI TERAPEUTICE IN
FARINGITA STREPTOCOCICA
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OPTIUNI TERAPEUTICE IN
FARINGITA STREPTOCOCICA
OBIECTIVELE TERAPEUTICE IN
FARINGITA STREPTOCOCICA
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Copyright 2005 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.
FINAL
SPERANTE
tratament minimal, usor de administrat, cu o complianta
optima, eficace, eficient, fara efecte adverse imediate
sau la distanta.
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