A

SEMINAR REPORT
ON

SUSPENSION SYSTEM IN AUTOMOBILE

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the award of the degree
of
BACHLORE OF TECHNOLOGY
In
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted to

Submitted by

Mr. Anil Kumar Mahawar

Devendra Kumar

(HOD Deptt. Of Mechanical Engg.)

11EAEME721

AIET, Alwar

Department of Mechanical Engineering

ALWAR INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY ALWAR (RAJ)

Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

November-2014
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
i

We wish to pay our sincerest gratitude to our respected teachers for their invaluable support
and constructive suggestion beside all pains he took for the successful finalization of our
project
A special note of thanks to Mr. Anil Kumar Mahawar (HOD Deptt. of ME) for unique way of
inspiring students through clarity of thought, enthusiasm and caring and for providing
necessary resources.
My special thanks go to my friends for giving me support and encouragement and for
everything else.

Devendra Kumar

ABSTRACT
ii

Suspension system of an automobile separates the wheel and axle assembly of the
automobile from its body. Main function of the suspension system is to isolate the body of
the vehicle from shocks and vibrations generated due to irregularities on the surface of
roads. Shock absorbers are provided in the vehicles for this purpose. It is in the form of
spring and damper. The suspension system is provided both on front end and rear end of the
vehicle. A suspension system also maintains the stability of the vehicle in pitching or
rolling when vehicle is in motion. Suspension system is the term given to the system of
springs, shock absorbers and linkages that connect a vehicle to its wheels. When a tire hits
an obstruction, there is a reaction force and the suspension system tries to reduce this force.
The size of this reaction force depends on the unsprung mass at each wheel assembly. In
general, the larger the ratio of sprung weight to unsprung weight, the less the body and
vehicle occupants are affected by bumps, dips, and other surface imperfections such as
small bridges. A large sprung weight to unsprung weight ratio can also impact vehicle
control.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr. No.

Topic

Page No.
iii

CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION

1-13

1.1 Suspension system

1.2 History

1.3 Objectives of Suspension System

1.4 Types of Suspension System

1.5 selection of suitable suspension system

13

CHAPTER-2 BASIC SUSPENSION SYSTEM

2.1 Classification of Suspension System

14-15
15

CHAPTER-3 DESIGN OF SUSPENSION SYSTEM

16-20

CHAPTER-4 SUSPENSION SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION

21-27

4.1 Control Arms

21

4.2 Strut Rod

21

4.3 Ball Joints

22

4.4 Shock Absorbers

24

4.5 Strut Assembly

26

4.6 Sway Bar (Stabilize Bar)

26

4.7 Track Rod

27

4.8 Independent and Non-independent Suspension Systems

28

CONCLUSION

30

REFERENCES

31-32

LIST OF FIGURES
FIG. NO.

FIG. NAME
iv

PAGE NO.

Fig. 2.1

Basic suspension system

14

Fig. 2.2

Based on spring medium

15

Fig. 3.1

Front Wishbone

17

Fig. 3.2

Rear Wishbone

18

Fig. 3.3

Front Knuckle

18

Fig. 3.4

Modified Front Knuckle

19

Fig. 3.5

Rear knuckle

19

Fig. 3.6

Modified Rear Knuckle

20

Fig. 4.1

Control Arm

21

Fig. 4.2

Steering knuckle for front-wheel-drive

22

Fig.4.3

Tapered stud provides a force fit into the steering

23

knuckle or bearing support

Fig.4.4

This shock uses pressurized gas, acting on the oil to

24

reduce foaming
Fig.4.5

Shock Absorber Action

25

Fig.4.6

Strut Assembly

26

Fig.4.7

Sway Bar

27

Fig.4.8
Fig. 4.9

Track Rod
Independent and Non-independent Suspension Systems

27
28