#

# Wave boundary conditions

# Set inlet velocity based on Airy wave theory
#
(see for example http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airy_wave_theory)
#
# Biggest problem is solving exactly for wave vector k = Omega^2/g/tanh(k*Depth)
# for large k and deep water k = Omega^2/g
# In general can write kd = k*Depth and solve for kd*tanh(kd) = Omega^2*Depth/g
# using an inverse function for x*tanh(x)
#
# Airy wave theory is a linear theory that is only valid for very small wave hei
ghts.
# The relatively simple Wheeler modification (stretched Airy theory) has been
# employed to at least ensure the required water velocity at the free surface.
# [i.e. zWater always equals Depth at the free surface independent of wave heigh
t].
# This will not be very accurate for large heights and/or shallow depths.
# Validity limits are often expressed in terms of non dimensional wave height (n
dWaveHeight)
# and water depth (ndDepth) diagrams.
#
(see for example http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Water_wave_theories.svg
)
#
# ndWaveHeight = WaveHeight/(g*Period^2)
# ndDepth = Depth/(g*Period^2)
#
# Linear theory is approximately valid for:
# ndWaveHeight < 0.001, and
# ndDepth > 30*ndWaveHeight
#
#
# The example provided is actually outside these limits, so some excursion into
# the non linear regime is possible. But if the wave becomes too non-linear it
# will tend to rapidly decay into a linear wave of lower amplitude.
#
# Note: example is for a wave moving in the -x direction, hence the minus sign
#
in the x velocity and the k term of the wave phase.
#
#
LIBRARY:
CEL:
EXPRESSIONS:
DenWater = 997 [kg/m^3]
DenAir = 1.185 [kg/m^3]
DenBuoyRef = DenAir
WavePeriod = 1.0 [s]
WaveA = 0.05 [m]
Depth = 1.0 [m]
zBottom = 0.0 [m]
WaveHeight = 2*WaveA
ndWaveHeight = WaveHeight/(g*WavePeriod^2)
ndDepth = Depth/(g*WavePeriod^2)
WaveOmega = (2*pi)/WavePeriod
WaveK = InvXTanhX(WaveOmega^2*Depth/g)/Depth
WaveLength = 2*pi/k
WavePhase = -WaveK*(x-1.6[m])-WaveOmega*t + pi/2

WaveZ = WaveA*cos(WavePhase)
# downstream boundary - flat water
DownSurfZ = zBottom + Depth
DownVFAir = step((z-DownSurfZ)/1[m])
DownVFWater = 1-DownVFAir
DownPres = DownVFWater*(DenWater -DenBuoyRef)*g*(DownSurfZ-z)
# upstream boundary - wave inlet
UpSurfZ = zBottom + Depth + WaveZ
UpVFAir = step((z-UpSurfZ)/1[m])
UpVFWater = 1-UpVFAir
UpPres = UpVFWater*(DenWater -DenBuoyRef)*g*(UpSurfZ-z)
MaxVel = WaveOmega*WaveA
zWater = (z-zBottom)*Depth/(Depth+WaveZ)
WaveVelX = -MaxVel*cosh(WaveK*zWater)/sinh(WaveK*Depth)*cos(WavePhase)*Up
VFWater
WaveVelZ = MaxVel*sinh(WaveK*zWater)/sinh(WaveK*Depth)*sin(WavePhase)*UpV
FWater
WavePhaseVelocity = WaveOmega / WaveK
WaveGroupVelocity = 0.5*WavePhaseVelocity*(1+WaveK*Depth*(1-tanh(WaveK*De
pth)^2)/tanh(WaveK*Depth))
WaveSurfaceEnergyDensity = 0.5*DenWater*g*WaveA^2
WaveWidth = 100 [m]
WavePower = WaveSurfaceEnergyDensity*WaveGroupVelocity*WaveWidth
END
FUNCTION: InvXTanhX
Argument Units = []
Option = Interpolation
Result Units = []
INTERPOLATION DATA:
Data Pairs = \
0,0,0.00062487,0.025,0.00249792,0.05,0.0099668,0.1,0.0394751,0.2,0.0\
873938,0.3,0.15198,0.4,0.231059,0.5,0.32223,0.6,0.423057,0.7,0.53122\
9,0.8,0.644668,0.9,0.761594,1.0,1.35772,1.5,1.92806,2.0,2.46654,2.5,\
2.98516,3.0,5,5.0,100,100.0
Extend Max = No
Extend Min = No
Option = One Dimensional
END
END
END
END
FLOW: Flow Analysis 1
DOMAIN: Default Domain Modified
BOUNDARY: Inlet
Boundary Type = OPENING
Location = inlet
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS:
FLOW REGIME:
Option = Subsonic

END
MASS AND MOMENTUM:
Option = Cartesian Velocity Components
U = WaveVelX
V = 0 [m s^-1]
W = WaveVelZ
END
END
FLUID: Air
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS:
VOLUME FRACTION:
Option = Value
Volume Fraction = UpVFAir
END
END
END
FLUID: Water
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS:
VOLUME FRACTION:
Option = Value
Volume Fraction = UpVFWater
END
END
END
END
BOUNDARY: Outlet
Boundary Type = OPENING
Location = outlet
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS:
FLOW DIRECTION:
Option = Normal to Boundary Condition
END
FLOW REGIME:
Option = Subsonic
END
MASS AND MOMENTUM:
Option = Opening Pressure and Direction
Relative Pressure = DownPres
END
END
FLUID: Air
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS:
VOLUME FRACTION:
Option = Value
Volume Fraction = DownVFAir
END
END
END
FLUID: Water
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS:
VOLUME FRACTION:
Option = Value
Volume Fraction = DownVFWater
END
END
END
END
BOUNDARY: Sides
Boundary Type = SYMMETRY
Location = side

END
BOUNDARY: Symmetry
Boundary Type = SYMMETRY
Location = symmetry
END
BOUNDARY: Top
Boundary Type = OPENING
Location = top
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS:
FLOW REGIME:
Option = Subsonic
END
MASS AND MOMENTUM:
Option = Entrainment
Relative Pressure = DownPres
END
END
FLUID: Air
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS:
VOLUME FRACTION:
Option = Value
Volume Fraction = 1
END
END
END
FLUID: Water
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS:
VOLUME FRACTION:
Option = Value
Volume Fraction = 0
END
END
END
END
DOMAIN MODELS:
BUOYANCY MODEL:
Buoyancy Reference Density = DenBuoyRef
Gravity X Component = 0 [m s^-2]
Gravity Y Component = 0 [m s^-2]
Gravity Z Component = -g
Option = Buoyant
BUOYANCY REFERENCE LOCATION:
Cartesian Coordinates = 0 [m], 0 [m], 2 [m]
Option = Cartesian Coordinates
END
END
DOMAIN MOTION:
Option = Stationary
END
MESH DEFORMATION:
Option = None
END
REFERENCE PRESSURE:
Reference Pressure = 1 [atm]
END
END
FLUID DEFINITION: Air
Material = Air at 25 C
Option = Material Library
MORPHOLOGY:

Option = Continuous Fluid

END
END
FLUID DEFINITION: Water
Material = Water
Option = Material Library
MORPHOLOGY:
Option = Continuous Fluid
END
END
FLUID MODELS:
COMBUSTION MODEL:
Option = None
END
FLUID: Air
FLUID BUOYANCY MODEL:
Option = Density Difference
END
END
FLUID: Water
FLUID BUOYANCY MODEL:
Option = Density Difference
END
END
HEAT TRANSFER MODEL:
Fluid Temperature = 15 [C]
Homogeneous Model = On
Option = Isothermal
END
THERMAL RADIATION MODEL:
Option = None
END
TURBULENCE MODEL:
Option = Laminar
END
END
FLUID PAIR: Air | Water
INTERPHASE TRANSFER MODEL:
Option = Free Surface
END
MASS TRANSFER:
Option = None
END
SURFACE TENSION MODEL:
Option = None
END
END
MULTIPHASE MODELS:
Homogeneous Model = On
FREE SURFACE MODEL:
Option = Standard
END
END
END
INITIALISATION:
Option = Automatic
FLUID: Air
INITIAL CONDITIONS:
VOLUME FRACTION:

Option = Automatic with Value

Volume Fraction = UpVFAir
END
END
END
FLUID: Water
INITIAL CONDITIONS:
VOLUME FRACTION:
Option = Automatic with Value
Volume Fraction = UpVFWater
END
END
END
INITIAL CONDITIONS:
Velocity Type = Cartesian
CARTESIAN VELOCITY COMPONENTS:
Option = Automatic with Value
U = WaveVelX
V = 0 [m s^-1]
W = WaveVelZ
END
STATIC PRESSURE:
Option = Automatic with Value
Relative Pressure = UpPres
END
TURBULENCE INITIAL CONDITIONS:
Option = Intensity and Eddy Viscosity Ratio
EDDY VISCOSITY RATIO:
Eddy Viscosity Ratio = 10.
Option = Automatic with Value
END
FRACTIONAL INTENSITY:
Fractional Intensity = 0.05
Option = Automatic with Value
END
END
END
END
END