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August 5, 2011
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Introduction
Words classifiable in four different ways as either a noun, adjective,
verb or adverb, are very useful when trying to understand the semantic
relationships that exist between words and are defined in Wordnet.
Wordnet is a free lexical database of English available from Stanford
University.
The main semantic relationships defined between words are
Synonymy/Antonymy
Hypernymy/Hyponymy,
Meronymy/Holonymy
Troponymy
Entailment
Why not download Wordnet and type in one of the words listed in
this presentation and explore these relationships.
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best
noun 1. (6) best (the supreme effort one can make; they did
their best)
verb . (1) outdo, outflank, trump, best, scoop (get the better of;
the goal was to best the competition)
adj 1. (94) best ((superlative of good) having the most positive
qualities; the best film of the year; the best solution; the best
time for planting; wore his best suit)
adv 1. (14) best (in a most excellent way or manner; he played
best after a couple of martinis)
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better
noun 1. (1) better (something superior in quality or condition or
effect; a change for the better)
verb 1. (1) better, break (surpass in excellence; She bettered her
own record; break a record)
adj 1. (69) better ((comparative of good) superior to another (of
the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or
suitability; more highly skilled than another; Youre a better man
than I am, Gunga Din; a better coat; a better type of car; a
suit with a better fit; a better chance of success; produced a
better mousetrap; shes better in math than in history)
adv 1. (45) better (comparative of well; in a better or more
excellent manner or more advantageously or attractively or to a
greater degree etc.; She had never sung better; a deed better left
undone; better suited to the job)
Andrew Ernest Ritz (Langtech)
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bitter
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broadside
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clean
noun . (1) clean and jerk, clean (a weightlift in which the barbell
is lifted to shoulder height and then jerked overhead)
verb 1. (16) clean, make clean (make clean by removing dirt, filth,
or unwanted substances from; Clean the stove!; The dentist
cleaned my teeth)
adj 1. (17) clean (free from dirt or impurities; or having clean
habits; children with clean shining faces; clean white shirts;
clean dishes; a spotlessly clean house; cats are clean animals)
adv 1. (1) clean, plumb, plum (completely; used as intensifiers;
clean forgot the appointment; Im plumb (or plum) tuckered out)
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clear
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close
noun 1. (8) stopping point, finale, finis, finish, last, conclusion,
close (the temporal end; the concluding time; the stopping point
of each round was signaled by a bell; the market was up at the
finish; they were playing better at the close of the season)
verb 1. (32) close, shut (move so that an opening or passage is
obstructed; make shut; Close the door; shut the window)
adj 1. (38) close (at or within a short distance in space or time or
having elements near each other; close to noon; how close are we
to town?; a close formation of ships)
adv 1. (17) near, nigh, close (near in time or place or relationship;
as the wedding day drew near; stood near the door; dont shoot
until they come near; getting near to the true explanation; her
mother is always near; The end draws nigh; the bullet didnt
come close; dont get too close to the fire)
Andrew Ernest Ritz (Langtech)
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cod
noun 1. pod, cod, seedcase (the vessel that contains the seeds of
a plant (not the seeds themselves))
verb 1. gull, dupe, slang, befool, cod, fool, put on, take in, put one
over, put one across (fool or hoax; The immigrant was duped
because he trusted everyone; You cant fool me!)
adj . collect, cod (payable by the recipient on delivery; a collect
call; the letter came collect; a COD parcel)
adv . C.O.D., COD, cash on delivery (collecting the charges upon
delivery; mail a package C.O.D.)
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collect
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counter
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crisscross
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damn
noun . (1) damn, darn, hoot, red cent, shit, shucks, tinkers damn,
tinkers dam (something of little value; his promise is not worth a
damn; not worth one red cent; not worth shucks)
verb . (7) curse, beshrew, damn, bedamn, anathemize, anathemise,
imprecate, maledict (wish harm upon; invoke evil upon; The bad
witch cursed the child)
adj 1. (19) damn, goddamn (used as expletives; oh, damn (or
goddamn)!)
adv . (2) bloody, damn, all-fired (extremely; you are bloody
right; Why are you so all-fired aggressive?)
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double
noun 1. (12) double, two-base hit, two-bagger, two-baser (a base
hit on which the batter stops safely at second base; he hit a double
to deep centerfield)
verb 1. (12) double, duplicate (increase twofold; The population
doubled within 50 years)
adj 1. (5) double, dual, twofold, two-fold, treble, threefold,
three-fold (having more than one decidedly dissimilar aspects or
qualities; a double (or dual) role for an actor; the office of a
clergyman is twofold; public preaching and private influenceR.W.Emerson; every episode has its double and treble
meaning-Frederick Harrison)
adv 1. double (downward and forward; he was bent double with
pain)
Andrew Ernest Ritz (Langtech)
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down
noun 1. (1) down, down feather (soft fine feathers)
verb 1. (3) toss off, pop, bolt down, belt down, pour down, down,
drink down, kill (drink down entirely; He downed three martinis
before dinner; She killed a bottle of brandy that night; They
popped a few beer after work)
adj 1. (9) down (being or moving lower in position or less in some
value; lay face down; the moon is down; our team is down by a
run; down by a pawn; the stock market is down today)
adv 1. (98) down, downwards, downward, downwardly (spatially
or metaphorically from a higher to a lower level or position; dont fall
down; rode the lift up and skied down; prices plunged
downward)
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express
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fair
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fast
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fine
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firm
noun . (26) firm, house, business firm (the members of a business
organization that owns or operates one or more establishments; he
worked for a brokerage house)
verb 1. tauten, firm (become taut or tauter; Your muscles will
firm when you exercise regularly; the rope tautened)
adj 1. (12) firm, steadfast, steady, stiff, unbendable, unfaltering,
unshakable, unwavering (marked by firm determination or
resolution; not shakable; firm convictions; a firm mouth;
steadfast resolve; a man of unbendable perseverence;
unwavering loyalty)
adv . (1) firm, firmly, steadfastly, unwaveringly (with resolute
determination; we firmly believed it; you must stand firm)
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flush
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forward
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free
noun . free, free people (people who are free; the home of the
free and the brave)
verb 1. (6) free, liberate, release, unloose, unloosen, loose (grant
freedom to; free from confinement)
adj 1. (38) free (able to act at will; not hampered; not under
compulsion or restraint; free enterprise; a free port; a free
country; I have an hour free; free will; free of racism; feel
free to stay as long as you wish; a free choice)
adv . loose, free (without restraint; cows in India are running
loose)
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home
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jolly
noun 1. jolly (a happy party)
verb . kid, chaff, jolly, josh, banter (be silly or tease one another;
After we relaxed, we just kidded around)
adj . (2) gay, jocund, jolly, jovial, merry, mirthful (full of or
showing high-spirited merriment; when hearts were young and gay;
a poet could not but be gay, in such a jocund companyWordsworth; the jolly crowd at the reunion; jolly old Saint Nick;
a jovial old gentleman; have a merry Christmas; peals of merry
laughter; a mirthful laugh)
adv . reasonably, moderately, pretty, jolly, somewhat, fairly,
middling, passably (to a moderately sufficient extent or degree;
pretty big; pretty bad; jolly decent of him; the shoes are
priced reasonably; he is fairly clever with computers)
Andrew Ernest Ritz (Langtech)
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last
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light
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low
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okay
noun . O.K., OK, okay, okey, okeh (an endorsement; they gave
us the O.K. to go ahead)
verb . approve, O.K., okay, sanction (give sanction to; I approve
of his educational policies)
adj . (2) all right, fine, o.k., ok, okay, hunky-dory (being
satisfactory or in satisfactory condition; an all-right movie; the
passengers were shaken up but are all right; is everything all
right?; everythings fine; things are okay; dinner and the
movies had been fine; another minute Id have been fine)
adv . okay, O.K., all right, alright (in a satisfactory or adequate
manner; shell do okay on her own; held up all right under
pressure; (alright is a nonstandard variant of all right))
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out
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pat
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plumb
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plump
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pop
noun 1. (1) dad, dada, daddy, pa, papa, pappa, pop (an informal
term for a father; probably derived from baby talk)
verb 1. (3) start, protrude, pop, pop out, bulge, bulge out, bug out,
come out (bulge outward; His eyes popped)
adj . popular, pop ((of music or art) new and of general appeal
(especially among young people))
adv . pop (like a pop or with a pop; everything went pop)
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quiet
noun 1. (1) lull, quiet (a period of calm weather; there was a lull
in the storm)
verb 1. (1) quieten, hush, quiet, quiesce, quiet down, pipe down
(become quiet or quieter; The audience fell silent when the speaker
entered)
adj 1. (13) quiet (characterized by an absence or near absence of
agitation or activity; a quiet life; a quiet throng of onlookers;
quiet peace-loving people; the factions remained quiet for almost
10 years)
adv . (1) quietly, quiet (with little or no activity or no agitation
(quiet is a nonstandard variant for quietly); her hands rested
quietly in her lap; the rock star was quietly led out the back door;
sit here as quiet as you can)
Andrew Ernest Ritz (Langtech)
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right
noun 1. (41) right (an abstract idea of that which is due to a
person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature; they are
endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights; Certain
rights can never be granted to the government but must be kept in
the hands of the people- Eleanor Roosevelt; a right is not
something that somebody gives you; it is something that nobody can
take away)
verb 1. right, compensate, redress, correct (make reparations or
amends for; right a wrongs done to the victims of the Holocaust)
adj 1. (20) right (being or located on or directed toward the side
of the body to the east when facing north; my right hand; right
center field; a right-hand turn; the right bank of a river is the
bank on your right side when you are facing downstream)
adv 1. (17) right (precisely, exactly; stand right here!)
Andrew Ernest Ritz (Langtech)
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rough
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round
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second
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short
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solo
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square
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steady
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still
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tiptoe
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true
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well
noun 1. (8) well (a deep hole or shaft dug or drilled to obtain
water or oil or gas or brine)
verb . (3) well, swell (come up, as of a liquid; Tears well in her
eyes; the currents well up)
adj 1. (4) well (in good health especially after having suffered
illness or injury; appears to be entirely well; the wound is nearly
well; a well man; I think Im well; at least I feel well)
adv 1. (76) well, good ((often used as a combining form) in a
good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (good is
a nonstandard dialectal variant for well); the children behaved
well; a task well done; the party went well; he slept well; a
well-argued thesis; a well-seasoned dish; a well-planned party;
the baby can walk pretty good)
Andrew Ernest Ritz (Langtech)
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wholesale
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wrong
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zigzag
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