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INTRODUCTION
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The scope of computerization in any field is increasing. The main
objective of the new system is to overcome the difficulties and demerits of the existing system or
the manual system. The new system was proposed with the following objectives.
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module prohibits the unauthorized access of information to the restricted area of the system.
There have a login table in the database, which stores all types of users username and password.
If the registered user enters wronging his/her username or password, the system will display the
error message like Invalid Username and Password.
3. SEARCH MODULE
Search Module can intend to obtain the various type of information from
the system. User can search for any information about the ayurveda and which services are
available. The search module can search for currier guidance for the courses. Give the
information if it is available in the system, else gives the message for search other item or
message for invalid keyword. From search module user can access the needed information very
closely.
4. ROOM BOOKING
This module gives all information about the resort .How many Rooms are
available in the Medi Care and which type of room is available.
5. TREATMENTS & PRODUCTS
This module describe about the Ayurvedic treatments, Products and its
services.
6. PAYMENT TRANSACTION
This module describes the details of payment. The payment is done
through credit card or debit card.
7. FEED BACK
This module describes complaint and comment about Medicare.
8. MAILING MODULE
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We can complaint not only by direct approach but also by mailing. We can
see the result and exhibit our comment about the result. Using this module employees and user
can communicate with each other.
9. ADMINISTRATION
This module is in the use of admin. Admin add and update Room details,
product & treatment details, which services are available at the Medi Care. Admin view the
complaint and comment of the user. Gives proper solution for his/her complaint. Admin add and
update product details.
10. REPORT
This module gives Booking reports, application report and registration
report.
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Medi Care
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Create expert IT professionals.
IT Finishing School.
Seminars on current technologies
Personality Development
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
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2.1 INTRODUCTION
System analysis is a general term that refers to an orderly, structured process for
identifying and solving problems. We call system analysis process lifecycle methodology, since it
relates to four significant phases in the lifecycle of all business information system. The life
cycle is divided into four phases.
They are,
Study Phase
Design Phase
Development Phase
Implementation Phase
Analysis implies the process of breaking something into parts so that the whole may be
understood. The definition of the system analysis includes not only the process of analysis but
also that of synthesis, which implies the process of putting together to form a new whole.
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All activities associated with each life cycle phase must be performed, managed and
documented. Hence we define system analysis as the performance, management, documentation
of the activities related to the life cycle phases of a computer-based business system. In the study
phase a detailed study of the project is made and clear picture of the project is in mind. In the
design phase the designing of the input, output and table designs are made. Development phase
is where the physical designing of the input-output screens and coding of the system is done.
System implementation actually implements the system by making necessary testing.
Use and maintenance of paper files, registers and other written matter
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was very difficult.
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Financial Feasibility:
The analysis raises financial and economic questions during the preliminary investigation
to estimate the following:
The cost to conduct a full systems investigation.
The cost of hardware and software for the class of application of the project being
considered.
To be judged feasible, a proposal for the specific project must pass all these tests, otherwise it is
not considered as a feasible project. I gathered the details regarding the financial aspects
incorporated in the system to make it cost efficient.
Operational Feasibility. Suppose for a moment that technical and economic resources are both
judged adequate. The systems analyst must still consider the operational feasibility of the
requested project. Operational feasibility is dependent on human resources available for the
project and involves projecting whether the system will operate and be used once it is installed.
If users are virtually wed to the present system, see no problems with it, and generally are not
involved in requesting a new system, resistance to implementing the new system will be strong.
Chances for it ever becoming operational are low.
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Make the close relationship between the office and the members
More efficient
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Highly reliable
More flexible
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REQUIREMENT ENGINEERING
3.1 INTRODUCTION
Requirement analysis involves studying the current system to find out how it works and
where improvements could be made. A clear idea about the existing system is a must for making
improvements where it is required. Proper planning and collection of data serves the purpose. The
popularity of this document is to describe all the requirements for the popularity of the website for Online
Medi Care. This website gives all the information for a person. In our busy life, we cannot go to each
department or offices. This problem will manage this site. It will help to avoid in correction and missing
data.
Scope
This document describes the requirements of the system to be developed. It is
meant for use by developer and will also be the basis for validating the final delivered system.
Any change made to the requirements in future will have to undergo a formal change approval
process. The developer responsible for asking the clarification when necessary and will not make
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any alterations without the permission of the client. This system is designed in such a way that
addition of new modules can be done in a very simple and efficient manner. Introducing the
distributed database concept can make further extensions to this system. Geographical analysis
can be implemented at any time. The system can be changed easily depending on changes in the
organizational policies. The reconstruction of system will increase the power of flexibility.
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.Net is revolutionary
Multilanguage platform that knits various aspects of application development together with the
internet. The framework covers all layers of software development above the operating system.
Several software will be developed by Microsoft to achieve this goal. It is accepted that every
player in the industry, be it a software developer or device manager, adopt .Net so they can be
integrated. The .Net initiative is all about enabling data transfer between networks. PCs and
devices seamlessly, independent of the platforms, architectures and solutions. Microsoft has
taken many of the best ideas in the industry, combined in some ideas of their own, and bought
them all into one coherent package.
ASP.NET can recognize the type of browser the client is using and accordingly
display the content to the client.
ASP.NET improves performance by using the server side catching. It allows you to
catch the entire output of a page for reuse by other clients.
ASP.NET functionally can be coded using different languages like C#, VB.NET.
However only one language can be used for coding in a single page.
ASP.NET ships with many built in controls that have the common required
functionalities.
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Additional events have been added to the initialization files such as the Global aspx
file.
ASP.Net
ASP.NET is more than the next version of Active Server Pages (ASP); it is a unified
Web development platform that provides the services necessary for developers to build
enterprise-class Web applications. While ASP.NET is largely syntax compatible with ASP, it
also provides a new programming model and infrastructure for more secure, scalable, and
stable applications. You can feel free to augment your existing ASP applications by
incrementally adding ASP.NET functionality to them.
ASP.NET is a compiled, .NET-based environment; you can author applications
in any .NET compatible language, including Visual Basic .NET, C#, and JScript .NET.
Additionally, the entire .NET Framework is available to any ASP.NET application.
Developers can easily access the benefits of these technologies, which include the managed
common language runtime environment, type safety, inheritance, and so on.
ASP.NET has been designed to work seamlessly with WYSIWYG HTML
editors and other programming tools, including Microsoft Visual Studio .NET.
Not only does this make Web development easier, but it also provides all the
benefits that these tools have
server controls onto a Web page and fully integrated debugging support.
Web Forms allow you to build powerful forms-based Web pages. When
building these pages, you can use ASP.NET server controls to create common UI
elements, and program them for common tasks. These controls allow you to rapidly
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build a Web Form out of reusable built-in or custom components, simplifying the code
of a page. For more information, see Web Forms Pages. For information on how to
develop ASP.NET server controls.
ASP.NET features, as well as the power of the .NET Framework and .NET Framework
common language runtime. These features and how you can use them are outlined as
follows:
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ASP.NET. In most cases, though, the necessary changes will involve only a few lines
of code.
For advanced developers who want to use APIs as powerful as the ISAPI
programming interfaces that were included with previous versions of ASP, ASP.NET
offers the IHttpHandler and IHttpModule interfaces. Implementing the IHttpHandler
interface gives you a means of interacting with the low-level request and response
services of the IIS Web server and provides functionality much like ISAPI extensions,
but with a simpler programming model. Implementing the IHttpModule interface
allows you to include custom events that participate in every request made to your
application.
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Writing custom debug statements to your Web page can help immensely
in troubleshooting your application's code. However, they can cause embarrassment if
they are not removed. The problem is that removing the debug statements from your
pages when your application is ready to be ported to a production server can require
significant effort. ASP.NET offers the Trace Context class, which allows you to write
custom debug statements to your pages as you develop them. They appear only when
you have enabled tracing for a page or entire application. Enabling tracing also
appends details about a request to the page, or, if you so specify, to a custom trace
viewer that is stored in the root directory of your application.
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The .NET Framework and ASP.NET provide default authorization and
authentication schemes for Web applications. You can easily remove, add to, or replace
these schemes, depending upon the needs of your application.
IIS 6.0 uses a new process model called worker process isolation mode,
which is different from the process model used in previous versions of IIS. ASP.NET
uses this process model by default when running on Windows Server 2003. For
information about how to migrate ASP.NET process model settings to worker process
isolation mode.
ASP (Active Server Pages) has long been used as a web programming language for
creating dynamic web sites. ASP.NET is the next version of ASP 3.0 and it simplifies the
development of ASP applications for the Internet. ASP.NET forms an important component of
Microsofts .NET initiative. The foremost advantage of this initiative is the ability to provide a
customized solution that enables an application provider to deploy applications that match the
exact requirements of employees. The .NET initiative was introduced in response to the shift in
focus from desktop computing to distribute computing. In distributed computing, a number of
applications are integrated to provide a solution.
ASP.NET is a web development technology.
Features:
Support for multiple programming languages
Separation of HTML code from logic
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Configuration of XML based applications
Enhanced debugging support
ASP.NET Architecture
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The common language runtime is a run-time environment that manages the execution
of code and provides services that simplify the development process. The runtime makes the
developer's experience very simple, especially when compared to COM as it is today. In
particular, features such as user controls dramatically reduce the amount of code a developer
must write in order to turn business logic into a reusable component.
Assemblies
Assemblies are collections of types and resources that form logical units of
functionality. Assemblies are the fundamental units of deployment, version control, reuse,
activation scoping, and security permissions.
Application Domains
Runtime Hosts
The runtime hosts supported by the .NET Framework include ASP.NET, Internet
Explorer, and shell executables.
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Cross-Language Interoperability
Cross-Language Interoperability explains how managed objects created in
.NET Framework Security provides mechanisms for protecting resources and code
from unauthorized code and unauthorized users.
.NET Framework Class Library provides programming information about the classes,
interfaces, and value types that are included in the .NET Framework. This library provides access
to system functionality and is designed to be the foundation on which .NET Framework
applications, components, and controls are built.
HTML
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HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, was invented by Tim Burners
Lee. It is a simple text formatting language used to create hypertext documents. It is a platform
independent language unlike most other programming languages. HTML is neutral and can be
used on any platform or desktop. It is this feature of HTML that makes it popular as standard on
the WWW. This versatile language allows the creation of hypertext links, also known as
hyperlinks. The language used to develop web pages is called Hyper Text Markup Language
(HTML). HTML is the language interpreted by a browser. HTML is specified as TAGS in an
HTML document (i.e. the web page).
HTML Tags
Tags are instructions that are embedded directly into the text of the document. An
HTML tag is a signal to a browser that it should do something other than just throw text up on
the screen. By convention all HTML tags begin with an open angle bracket (<) and end with a
close angle bracket (>).
Java Script
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JavaScript is an object based, cross-platform, loosely typed multiuse programming
language that is used to add interactivity to the web pages. A JavaScript is a program that is
included on an HTML page. Because it is enclosed in the <SCRIPT> tag, the text of the script
doesn't appear on the user's screen, and the Web browser knows to run the JavaScript program.
The <SCRIPT> tag is most often found within the <HEAD> section of the HTML page.
Scripts that write text to the screen or that write HTML is best put in the body section.
JavaScript allows you create an active interface, giving the users feedback as they navigate
your pages. JavaScript can be used to make sure that your users enter valid information in
forms, which can save time and money. If the forms require calculations, you can do them in
JavaScript on the user's machine without needing to use a complex server CGI.
With JavaScript, you have the ability to create custom HTML pages depending
on actions that the user takes. JavaScript controls the browser, because JavaScript has a set of
date and time features. Java script deals with commands called event handles. An action by the
user on the page triggers an event handler in your script. JavaScript is case sensitive. Scripts
can be put in either of two places on an HTML pages: between the <HEAD> and </HEAD>
tag or between the <BODY> and </BODY> tag. One of the main uses of JavaScript is to
provide feedback to people browsing your site. An alert window can be created that pops up
and gives the user the vitally important information that they need to know about the page.
Different languages versions can be have had on different scripts on one page. One script
might be for any JavaScript version, another for JavaScript1.1 and higher, and a third for
JavaScript1.2. In the case of JavaScript, the function is a set of JavaScript statements that
performs a task. Function can be called as many times as needed.
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Microsoft SQL Server 2000 is a set of components that work together to meet the
data storage and analysis needs of the largest Web sites and enterprise data processing
systems. SQL Server is a relational database management system for distributed ClientServer computing. Like all
other
following features:
A variety of user interfaces
Physical data independence
Logical data independence
Query optimization
Data integrity
Concurrency control
Backup and recovery
Security and authorization
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Query Analyzer
Query Analyzer is another tool with SQL server, which extends the capabilities of ANSI
standard SQL. It is an application that recognizes and executes SQL commands and specialized
T_SQL commands that can be used to create database objects using SQL commands. We can use
query analyzer commands to
Enter, Edit, Store, and Retrieve and Run SQL commands.
Format, perform calculations on, store, and print query results.
List column definitions for any table.
Access any copy of data between SQL databases.
We can create tables and insert data or alter it or we can delete data using SQL
commands.
Internet Integration.
The SQL Server 2005 database engine includes integrated XML support .It has the
scalability, availability, and security features required to operate as the data storage
component of the largest Web sites.
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The same database engine can be used across platforms ranging from laptop computers
running Microsoft Windows 98 through large, multiprocessor servers running Microsoft
Windows 2000 Data Center Edition. SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Edition supports
features such as federated servers, indexed views, and large memory support that allow
it to scale to the performance levels required by the largest Web sites.
The SQL Server 2005 relational database engine supports the features required to
support demanding data processing environments .The database engine protects data
integrity while minimizing the overhead of managing thousands of users concurrently
modifying the database.
SQL Server 2005 includes a set of administrative and development tools that improve
upon the process of installing, deploying, managing and using SQL Server across
several sites .SQL Server 2000 also supports a standards- base programming model
integrated with the Windows DNA, making the use of SQL Server databases and data
warehouses a seamless part of building powerful and scalable systems.
Data Warehousing
SQL Server 2000 includes tools for extracting and analyzing summary data for online
analytical processing .SQL Server also includes tools for visually designing databases and
analyzing data using English-based questions.
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Software Components
WEB SERVER
IIS 5.0
INTERNET TOOLS
LANGUAGE
ASP .NET
OPERATING SYSTEM
WINDOWS XP
BACKEND
WEB BROWSER
CPU
Dual Core
40 GB
MAIN MEMORY
1 GB
KEYBOARD
104 KEYS
CLOCK-SPEED
2.6 GHZ
Hardware Requirements:
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-
15 SVGA COLOR
SYSTEM DESIGN
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4.1 INTRODUCTION
System design involves translating information requirements and conceptual design into
technical specification and general flow of processing. After the user requirements are identified, related
information is gathered to verify the problem and after evaluating the existing system, a new system is
proposed. The proposed system consists of various tables and their maintenance to give accurate
information for users.
For the design of online Medi Care , has given for developing an efficient system, which is user
friendly as well as high in performance. It has been assured that the system will have the functions and
promises of the proposed system. Design phase acts as a bridge between the software requirement
specification and the implementation phase, which satisfies the requirements.
The major step in design is the preparation of input forms and the design of all the major output
forms in a manner acceptable to the user in all aspects. The base lies in the complete understanding of the
system. The data flow diagrams explicitly specify the process flow. Table design or database design is the
next major step. Extreme care has to be given here and several concepts of normalization have to be
applied at many levels. Program specification comes next. Here we specify various aspects of the
program and also will explain in detail the major components used in the program. The overall process
flow is also explain in much detail. Various validation rules and constraints such as data format checking
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are applied during data input. The companies or seekers that registered to the application are validated by
administrator. To ensure security strict checking of password and username had done.
Inputs, outputs have to be designed as per predefined guidelines. Effective and meaningful
navigation has to be applied. In the input design, the user-oriented inputs are converted into computerbased formats whereas in the output design, the emphasis is on producing the hard copy or soft copy of
the information requested for. Code design is also of much importance. It directly refers to various codes
used in the programs and their usage specification. The category to which these codes belong should also
be specified.
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incoming data
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Level 0
Level 1
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Level 2 (Admin)
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Level 2 (User)
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Level 2 (Employee)
DATABASE DESIGN
DATABASE NAME: Medicare
users
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FIELD NAME
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DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
userid
Int
PRIMARY KEY
User ID
date
Varchar
10
NOT NULL
Date of joining
name
Varchar
50
NOT NULL
Name
age
Int
NOT NULL
Age
gender
Char
NOT NULL
Gender
Varchar
60
UNIQUE
Email / Username
phone
Varchar
15
NOT NULL
Contact number
mobile
Varchar
15
NULL
Mobile number
address
Varchar
100
NOT NULL
Address / Street
city
Varchar
30
NOT NULL
City
state
Varchar
30
NOT NULL
State
country
Varchar
30
NOT NULL
Country
password
Varchar
30
NOT NULL
Password
usertype
Tinyint
NOT NULL
User type
employees
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
empid
Int
PRIMARY KEY
Employee ID
userid
Int
FORIEGN KEY
User ID
designation
Varchar
50
NOT NULL
Designation
product
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FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Pid
Int
PRIMARY KEY
Product ID
Item
Int
50
NOT NULL
Item name
presentationid
Int
FORIEGN KEY
Presentation id
ingredients
Varchar
250
NOT NULL
Ingredients
Dosage
Varchar
50
NOT NULL
Dosage
Packsize
Varchar
20
NOT NULL
Pack size
Price
Float
NOT NULL
Quantity
Int
NOT NULL
Quantity
description
Text
NULL
Description
Pimage
Image
NULL
Product Image
product_ailments
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Pid
Int
FORIEGN KEY
Product ID
Ailmentid
Int
FOREIGN KEY
Ailment ID
presentaion
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
presentationid
Int
PRIMARY KEY
Presentation ID
presentation
Varchar
30
UNIQUE KEY
Presentation name
orders
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FIELD NAME
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DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Ordered
Int
PRIMARY KEY
Order ID
Userid
Int
FORIEGN KEY
User ID
Orderdate
Varchar
10
NOT NULL
Order date
deliverydate
Varchar
10
NULL
Delivery date
deliverystaus
Tinyint
NOT NULL
Delivery status
Paystatus
Tinyint
NOT NULL
Payment status
orderdetails
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Ordered
Int
FORIEGN KEY
Order ID
Pid
Int
FORIEGN KEY
Product ID
Amount
Float
NOT NULL
Amount
Quantity
Int
NOT NULL
Quantity
room_allocate
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Raid
Int
PRIMARY KEY
Room allocation ID
Roomno
Int
FORIEGN KEY
Room number
Userid
Int
FORIEGN KEY
User ID
Date
Int
NOT NULL
Date of allocation
Time
Float
NOT NULL
Time of allocation
Status
Tinyint
NOT NULL
Status
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room_type
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Rtid
Int
UNIQUE KEY
Room type ID
Roomtype
Varchar
10
PRIMARY KEY
Room type
roomcategory
Varchar
10
PRIMARY KEY
Room category
Rent
Float
NOT NULL
room_ info
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Roomno
Int
PRIMARY KEY
Room number
Rtid
Int
FORIEGN KEY
Room type ID
roomstatus
Tinyint
NOT NULL
Room status
room_rent
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Billno
Int
PRIMARY KEY
Bill number
Roomno
int
FORIEGN KEY
Room number
Userid
Int
FORIEGN KEY
User ID
Nodays
int
NOT NULL
No of days
Amount
float
NOT NULL
Amount
Date
varchar
10
NOT NULL
Date
ailment
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FIELD NAME
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DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Ailmentid
Int
PRIMARY KEY
Ailment ID
ailmentname
Varchar
30
NOT NULL
Ailment name
onlineconsult
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Consulted
Int
PRIMARY KEY
Consult ID
Name
Varchar
30
NOT NULL
Name
Age
Int
NOT NULL
Age
Address
Varchar
100
NOT NULL
Address
Education
Varchar
30
NULL
Education
Weight
Int
NULL
Weight
Foodtype
Varchar
15
NULL
Food type
chiefcomplaint
Varchar
150
NOT NULL
Chief complaint
familyhistory
Text
NULL
Family history
scanreport
Text
NULL
Scan report
Sex
Varchar
10
NULL
Sex
profession
Varchar
30
NULL
Profession
Varchar
50
NOT NULL
maritalstatus
Varchar
15
NULL
Marital status
Bp
Varchar
20
NULL
Blood pressure
Height
Varchar
20
NULL
Height
dependence
Varchar
20
NULL
Dependence
personalhistory
Varchar
150
NULL
Personal history
Labreport
Varchar
150
NULL
Lab report
Otherinfo
Varchar
150
NULL
Other information
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mailing
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Mid
Int
PRIMARY KEY
Mailing ID
Consulted
Int
FORIEGN KEY
Consult ID
Subject
Varchar
30
NOT NULL
Subject
Message
Varchar
500
NOT NULL
Message
Replydate
Varchar
10
NOT NULL
Date of reply
Empid
Int
FORIEGN KEY
Employee ID
treatments
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Tid
Int
PRIMARY KEY
Treatment ID
treatmentname
Varchar
50
NOT NULL
Treatment name
Duration
Varchar
20
NOT NULL
Duration
Amount
Float
NOT NULL
Amount
description
Text
16
NULL
Description
treatmentbooking
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Tbid
Int
PRIMARY KEY
Treatment booking ID
Userid
Int
FORIEGN KEY
User ID
Tid
Int
FORIEGN KEY
Treatment ID
Fromdate
Varchar
10
NOT NULL
From date
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extradays
Int
NULL
Extra days
Status
Tinyint
NOT NULL
Status
treatmentailments
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
Tid
Int
FORIEGN KEY
Treatment ID
Ailmentid
Int
FOREIGN KEY
Ailment ID
payment
FIELD NAME
DATA TYPE
SIZE
CONSTRAINTS
DESCRIPTION
paymentid
Int
PRIMARY KEY
Payment ID
Userid
Int
FORIEGN KEY
User ID
paymentcategory
Varchar
20
NOT NULL
Payment category
categoryid
Int
NOT NULL
Category ID
dateofpayment
Varchar
10
NOT NULL
Date of payment
Amount
Float
NOT NULL
Amount
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Outputs are the most important and direct source of information to the user and to the
department. Intelligent output design will improve the systems relationship with the user and
help much in decision-making. Outputs are also used to provide a permanent hard copy of the
results for later uses. The forms used in the system are shown in the appendix. The Output
Design is another very important phase. The outputs are mainly used to communicate with a
user, processing the input data given by the user etc.
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A quality output is one, which meets the requirements of the end user and presents the
information clearly. In any system results of processing are communicated to the users and to
other through outputs. In the Output design it is determined how the information is to be
displayed for immediate need and also hardcopy out.
Efficient, intelligible output design should improve the systems relationship with the
user and the help in decision making.
The outputs have been designed as per the needs for the management. The suggestions of
the users are also take in to consideration while designing the layouts and the fields that are to
included in the report. Considering the future use of the output required and depending on the
nature, the output is either displayed on the monitor for immediate need or a hard copy of it is
obtained.
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SCREEN SHOTS
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SYSTEM TESTING
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During testing the system is used experimentally to ensure that the software does
not fail, i.e., it will run according to the specification and in the way the user expects. Preparation
of test data plays a vital role in the system testing. Different set of test data are generated and the
system under study is tested using that data. While testing using test data errors are again
uncovered and corrected using different testing techniques.
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System testing was conducted in order to detect errors and for comparing then the
final system with the requirement specification report. That is, whether the system meets
requirements. During testing the software was executed with a set of test cases and the output of
the program for the test cases was evaluated to determine if the program is performing as it was
expected to.
Testing presents, an interesting challenge for the software engineer attends to hold
software from an abstract concept to an acceptable implementation. In testing engineer creates a
series of test cases that o c c u r s w h e n e r r o r s a r e uncovered. Testing is the process of
executing a program for finding errors. A good test is one that has high probability of finding an
uncovered error
The turn error is used to refer the difference between the actual output of the
software and the correct output. Fault is a condition that causes the software to fail to perform its
required function. Software reliability is defined as the required function.
Software reliability is defined as the probability that the software will not undergo
failure for a specified time under specified condition. Failure is the inability of a system or a
component to perform a required function according to its specification. Different levels of
testing were employed for software to make an error free, fault free and reliable. Basically in
software testing four type of testing methods are adopted.
Unit testing
Integration testing
Validation testing
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System testing
Content Testing
Content testing checks that users can easily understand all items that appear
on Software and, importantly, that they are able to correctly interpret the information they read.
Accordingly, it identifies any problem areas that may require simplification or re-writing.
Testing methodology is tailored to provide bespoke testing scripts, questionnaires and data
analysis instruments for all clients and it delivers rich qualitative user feedback plus quantitative
data as follows:
Individual performance ratings for each page against a number of critical, generic
comprehension indicators
Individual performance ratings for each page based on its ability to address specific
information and communication objectives pertinent to the client
Content should be logical and easy to understand. Check for spelling errors. Use of dark colors
annoys users and should not be used in site theme. Medi Care follow some standards that are
used for web page and content building. These are common accepted standards like mentioned
above about annoying colors, fonts, frames, etc. Content should be meaningful. All the anchor
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text links should be working properly. Images should be placed properly with proper sizes. These
are some basic standards that are followed in Medi Care.
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Navigation Testing
Navigation testing confirm that all internal and external links of Medi
Care are working properly. There is no any broken link or orphan page in application.
Functional, integration, system, regression, performance and load testing come under black box
testings.Functional, integration testing is done in white box also.Once the first layers of the
Software have been examined, it is time to perform simple tests to probe the quality of the global
Software navigation. Good Software will provide consistent, well-executed navigation and
should provide alternative navigation schemes, such as Software maps, indexes, and search
engines. First, look to make sure that placement of navigation is consistent from page to page.
Subtle shifting may occur, so try browsing the site extremely fast and notice whether the menu
items bounce or jump position slightly from page to page. Even this minor variation can break
the perceived stability of a site. Next, look to see how robust the navigation is and whether
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multiple forms of Software navigation are supported. Numerous navigation execution questions
should be asked during this phase. The current location clearly indicated with labels or link path
indicators. The Software have text links at the bottoms of pages. Alternative text used for
graphical navigation buttons. The Software require excessive scrolling.
Security Testing
The security testing is performed to check whether there is any information leakage in the sense
by encrypting the application or using wide range of softwares and hardware's and firewall etc.
It includes the following steps.
Integrity Whether the intended receiver receives the information or data which is
not altered in transmission.
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Test by pasting internal url directly into browser address bar without login. Internal
pages should not open.
If you are logged in using username and password and browsing internal pages then
try changing url options directly. Try some invalid inputs in input fields like login
username, password, input text boxes. Check the system reaction on all invalid
inputs.
Web directories or files should not be accessible directly unless given download
option.
Test if SSL is used for security measures. If used proper message should get
displayed when user switch from non-secure http:// pages to secure https:// pages
and vice versa.
All transactions, error messages, security breach attempts should get logged in log
files somewhere on web server.
Performance Testing
Performance testing is the process of determining the speed or effectiveness of
a computer, network, software program or device. This process can involve quantitative tests
done in a lab, such as measuring the response time or the number of MIPS (millions of
instructions per second) at which a system functions. Qualitative attributes such as reliability,
scalability and interoperability may also be evaluated. Performance testing is often done in
conjunction with stress testing.
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Performance testing can verify that a Medi Care meets the specifications claimed by its
manufacturer or vendor. The process can compare two or more devices or programs in terms of
parameters such as speed, data transfer rate, bandwidth, throughput, efficiency or reliability.
Performance testing can also be used as a diagnostic aid in locating communications bottlenecks.
Often a system will work much better if a problem is resolved at a single point or in a single
component. For example, even the fastest computer will function poorly on today's Web if the
connection occurs at only 40 to 50 Kbps (kilobits per second).
Slow data transfer rate may be inherent in hardware but can also result from software-related
problems, such as:
A security exploit
Web application should sustain to heavy load. Web performance testing should include:
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The candidate system is subject to verify of test to determine the response time and
security. Different testing methodologies are applied before the system is tested for user
acceptance.
Black box-testing
Black box testing focuses on the functional requirements of the
software. That is black box testing enables the software engineer to derive sets of input
conditions that will fully exercised all functional requirements for a program. Black box
testing attempts to find errors in the following categories,
(i)
(ii)
Interface errors
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
Regression Test
Internal Testing
Unit Testing
Application Testing
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Stress Testing
Regression Test
Quality is usually appraised by a collection of regression tests forming a suite
Internal Testing
Internal testing deals with low-level implementation. Here each function or component
is tested. This testing is accomplished by the implementation teams. This focus is also called
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clear-box testing, or sometimes white-box testing, because all details are visible to the test.
Internal limits are tested here.
Unit Testing
In unit testing the analyst tests the programs making up a system. Unit
testing gives stress on the modules independently of one another, to find errors. This helps the
tester in detecting errors in coding and logic that are contained within that module alone. The
errors resulting from the interaction between modules are initially avoided. Unit testing can be
performed from the bottom up, starting with smallest and lowest-level modules and proceeding
one at a time. For each module in bottom-up testing a short program is used to execute the
module and provides the needed data, so that the module is asked to perform the way it will
when embedded within the larger system.
Unit testing deals with testing a unit as a whole. This would test the
interaction of many functions but confine the test within one unit. The exact scope of a unit is left
to interpretation. Supporting test code, sometimes called scaffolding, may be necessary to
support an individual test. This type of testing is driven by the architecture and implementation
teams. This focus is also called black-box testing because only the details of the interface are
visible to the test. Limits that are global to a unit are tested here.
In software testing, one particular test may need some supporting software.
This software establishes an environment around the test. Only when this environment is
established can a correct evaluation of the test take place.
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The scaffolding software may establish state and values for data structures as well as providing
dummy external functions for the test. Different scaffolding software may be needed from one
test to another test. Scaffolding software rarely is considered part of the system. Sometimes the
scaffolding software becomes larger than the system software being tested. Usually the
scaffolding software is not of the same quality as the system software and frequently is quite
fragile. A small change in the test may lead to much larger changes in the scaffolding.
Application Testing
Application testing deals with tests for the entire application. This is driven by the
scenarios from the analysis team. Application limits and features are tested here.
The application must successfully execute all scenarios before it is ready for general
customer availability. After all, the scenarios are a part of the requirement document and measure
success. Application testing represents the bulk of the testing done by industry.
Unlike the internal and unit testing, which are programmed, these test are usually driven
by scripts that run the system with a collection of parameters and collect results. In the past,
these scripts may have been written by hand but in many modern systems this process can be
automated.
Most current applications have graphical user interfaces (GUI). Testing a GUI to assure
quality becomes a bit of a problem. Most, if not all, GUI systems have event loops. The GUI
event loop contains signals for mouse, keyboard, Window, and other related events. Associated
with each event are the coordinates on the screen of the event. The screen coordinates can be
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related back to the GUI object and then the event can be serviced. Unfortunately, if some GUI
object is positioned at a different location on the screen, then the coordinates change in the event
loop. Logically the events at the new coordinates should be associated with the same GUI object.
This logical association can be accomplished by giving unique names to all of the GUI objects
and providing the unique names as additional information in the events in the event loop. The
GUI application reads the next event off of the event loop, locates the GUI object, and services
the event.
The events on the event loop are usually generated by human actions such as typing
characters, clicking mouse buttons, and moving the cursor. A simple modification to the event
loop can journal the events into a file. At a later time, this file could be used to regenerate the
events, as if the human was present, and place them on the event loop.
The GUI application will respond accordingly. A tester, using the GUI, now executes
a scenario. A journal of the GUI event loop from the scenario is captured. At a later time the
scenario can be repeated again and again in an automated fashion. The ability to repeat a test is
key to automation and stress testing.
Stress Testing
Stress testing deals with the quality of the application in the environment. The idea is
to create an environment more demanding of the application than the application would
experience under normal work loads. This is the hardest and most complex category of testing to
accomplish and it requires a joint effort from all teams.
A test environment is established with many testing stations. At each station, a script is
exercising the system. These scripts are usually based on the regression suite. More and more
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stations are added, all simultaneous hammering on the system, until the system breaks. The
system is repaired and the stress test is repeated until a level of stress is reached that is higher
than expected to be present at a customer site. Race conditions and memory leaks are often found
under stress testing. A race condition is a conflict between at least two tests. Each test works
correctly when done in isolation. When the two tests are run in parallel, one or both of the tests
fail. This is usually due to an incorrectly managed lock.
A memory leak happens when a test leaves allocated memory behind and does not
correctly return the memory to the memory allocation scheme. The test seems to run correctly,
but after being exercised several times, available memory is reduced until the system fails.
INTEGRATION TESTING
This testing level can be simply defined as integrating and then testing. i.e., here,
many unit tested modules are combined into subsystems, which are then tested. Integration
testing aims at whether the modules can be integrated properly. Hence, the emphasis is on testing
interfaces between modules. This testing activity can be considered testing the design.
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IMPLEMENTATION
AND
MAINTENANCE
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Stage Implementation
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Here system is implemented in stages. The whole system is not implemented at once.
Once the user starts working with system and is familiar with it, then a stage is introduced
and implemented. Also the system is usually updated, regularly until a final system is sealed.
Direct Implementation
The proposed new system is implemented directly and the user starts working on the new
System. The shortcoming, if any, faced are then rectified later. Parallel Implementation
The old and the new system are not used simultaneously. This helps in comparison of the results
from the two systems. Once the user is satisfied and his intended objectives are achieved by the
new system, he stop using the old one. My project was implemented on approach of prototype
model whose functionality was increased day by day, as the client was given full liberty in
choosing his needs and gets to the maximum benefit out of the system developed.
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The first task in implementation is planning- deciding on the methods and time-scale to be
adopted. Once the planning has been completed, the major effort is to ensure that the programs in the
system are working properly. At the same time concentrate on training the staff. When the staffs have
been trained, the complete system, involving both computer and user can be executed effectively.
When the Managers system is linked to terminals on remote sites, the telecommunication
network and tests of the network along with the system are also included under implementation.
Depending upon the nature of the system, extensive user training may be required. Programming itself is
a design work. The initial parameters of the management information system should be modified as a
result of programming efforts; programming provides a Reality test for the assumptions made by the
analyst.
System testing check the readiness and accuracy of the system access update and retrieve data
from new files. Once the program becomes available, the test data are read into the computer and
processed. In this system, conventional Parallel Run was conducted to establish the efficiency of the
system.
Implementation is used here to mean the process of converting a new or a revised system design
into an operational one. Conversion is one aspect of Implementation. Conversion means changing from
one system to another. The objective is to put the tested system into operation while holding costs, risks
and personal irritation to a minimum.
Changeover is the process of adopting the new system. The new system has to be introduced
however. This is done after the system has been developed and tested completely. There is a set of
methods like Direct Changeover, Parallel Changeover, Pilot running etc. Pilot running is intended here.
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Data from one or more previous periods for the whole or part of the system is run on the new
system after results have been obtained from the old system and both are compared. It is performed till
the completion of one system life cycle.
When the changeover has taken place there will be a need for amendment to correct or improve
the new system. When the user wants to add any new records, some fields will automatically get their
default values. If the user desires to change these default values he can do it.
Maintenance activity may require the continuing involvement of a large proportion of computer
department resources. For computer installations, which have already developed the basic applications for
the organization, the main task may be to adapt existing system in a changing environment. Perhaps a
better term to describe this activity is system evolution. All systems are dynamic and subject to constantly
changing requirements. Efforts must be devoted to adapting them and design should be flexibly specified
so that such changes are easily implemented. Most changes arise in two ways . As part of the normal
running of the system when errors are found, users ask for improvement or external requirements change
and as result of specific investigation and review of the systems performance.
Maintenance is enigma of the system development. Analysts and programmers spend far
more time maintaining programs and packages than writing them. Maintenance accounts for 6080% of the total system development cost incurred. The problems in maintenance occur largely
because software is handmade product designed in adhoc fashion with a few standards. Poor
documentation makes maintenance of the programs even more difficult. The more carefully is
the system thought out and developed, with attention paid to external influence over reasonable
lifetime, the less is the maintenance required.
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TYPES OF MAINTENANCE
Maintenance has been classified as
Corrective Maintenance
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This means repairing the processing failures or making changes because of previously
uncorrected problems or false assumptions.
Adaptive Maintenance
This means changing the program functions as and when required.
Perfective Maintenance
This means enhancing the performance or modifying the programs to respond to the users
additional or time to time changing needs.
The project work involves the complete requirements specification and the description of the
project itself. The coding done using Oracle is the total coding work done in order to make the
application program a useful project.
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CONCLUSION
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9 Conclusion
The application titled Medi Care developed is designed in such a way that any further
enhancement can be done with ease. The system has the capability for easy integration with other
systems. New modules can be added to the existing system with less effort. I put as much as my
effort to develop this system based application titled Medi Care that is easily accessible,
informative and helpful. It has been designed in such a way that it is easy to modify, can be
updated efficiently and accurately. The forms are designed user friendly by providing messages
and captions whenever necessary, so that user has no problem to overcome difficulties in data
entry, validation, searching etc. On realizing the importance of systematic documentation all the
processes are implemented using a software engineering approach. Working in a live
environment enables one to appreciate the intricacies involved in the System Development Life
Cycle (SDLC). We have gained a lot of practical knowledge from this project, which we think,
shall make us stand in a good state in the future.
Once again I would like to thank everyone who was somehow or other related with the
successful completion of this project.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
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BOOKS REFERRED:
1.
Elias M Awad System Analysis and DesignGalgotia Publications Pvt. Ltd 2001
2.
3.
4.
5.
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