1.

0GENERALDATA
Projectnumber:
Projectname:
Purposeofthebuilding:
Location:
Numberoffloors:

135
OfficeBuilding
BusinessResident
Tripoli,Libya
2+G.F.+6floors

2.0ANALYSEOFLOADS
Categoriesofuse:
Category
A

B
C1
C2

C3

SpecificUse
Areasfor
domestic
andresidential
activities

Officeareas
Areaswhere
peoplemay
congregate
(withthe
exceptionof
areasdefined
undercategory
A,B,andD1)

[KN/m 2
]

Floors
Stairs
Balconies

1,5
2,0
2,5
2,0

Qk[KN]

2,0
4,0
4,0
3,0

2,0
2,0
2,0
1,5

3,0
4,0
3,0
4,5

2,0

3,0

3,0

4,0

3,0

4,0

2,5

4,0

3,0

5,0

4,0

7,0

4,5

5,0

3,5

7,0

5,0
4,0
4,0

7,5
5,0
5,0

3,5
3,5
3,5

4,5
4,0
7,0

1,5

2,5

C4
C5

D1
D2
F

Shoppingareas

Trafficand
parkingareas
forlightvehicles
(30kNgross
vehicleweight
and8seats
notincluding
driver)

10,0

20,0

Trafficand
parkingareas
formedium
vehicles(>30
kN,160kN
grossvehicle
weight,on2
axles)

Roofs

K
ClassofHelicopter

HC1
HC2

5,0

40,0

Roofsnotaccessible
exceptfornormal
maintenanceand
repair.
0,6
Roofsaccessibleforspecialservices,suchashelicopterlandingareas
Qk/0.2/0.2
Dimensionofthe
Takeoff
Takeoff
loadedarea
loadQof
loadQk
KN/m2
(mxm)
helicopter
Q20KN Qk=20KN
20KN<Q Qk=60KN

0.2x0.2
0.3x0.3

90,0

1,0

500
667

60KN

2.1GRAVITYLOADS
Basement

1.PermanentLoads
SelfWeight
1.1
calculatedby
Programme
1.2
Concretelayer
1.3
Ceramictiles

Thickness
(m)
(1)

density
(KN/m3)
(2)

0,2
0,05
0

25
21
24

gk=
Wallsofhollowconcreteblocks,t=200mm:
slabtoslab:h=
3,30 m
g=
3,4 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
11,22 KN/m'
2.VariableLoad,
CategoryF:
Internalareas,qk=

Qkload
(1)x(2)

5,00
1,05
0,00
1,05

KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2

1.4

2,50 KN/m2

Groundfloor
Internalareas
Thickness
(m)
(1)

density
(KN/m3)
(2)

Qkload
(1)x(2)

1.PermanentLoads
SelfWeight
1.1
calculatedby
Programme
1.2
Isolation
1.3
Mortarlayer
1.4
Ceramictiles

0,2
25
5,00 KN/m2
0,02
5
0,10 KN/m2
0,07
21
1,47 KN/m2
0,01
25
0,25 KN/m2
0,10
gk=
1,82 KN/m2
1.4
Wallsofhollowconcreteblocks,t=200mm:
clearhigh,hs=
3,85 m
thicknessoftheslab,h=
0,24 m
highofthebeams,hb=
0,60 m
slabtoslab:h=
3,61 m
g=
3,4 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
12,27 KN/m'
slabtobeam:h=
3,25 m
g=
3,4 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
11,05 KN/m'
1.5
Wallsofglass,t=2x6mm:
slabtoslab:h=
3,61 m
g=
0,50 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
1,81 KN/m'
1.6
Fencewallofconcretehollowblocks,t=150mm:
h=
1,20 m
g=
2,55 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
3,06 KN/m'
1.7
Facadewallsofhollowconcreteblocks,t=20cm+outerstonecover:
clearhigh,hs=
3,85 m
thicknessoftheslab,h=
0,24 m
highofthebeams,hb=
0,70 m
wall+mortar,g=
3,4 KN/m2
stoneslabst=25mm,g=
0,70 KN/m2
all,g=
4,1 KN/m2
slabtobeam:h=
3,15 m
gw=g*h=
12,92 KN/m'

Geenareas:

1.PermanentLoads
SelfWeight
1.1
calculatedby
Programme
1.2
Concretelayer
1.3
Hydroisolation
Drainage
reservoirfoil
1.4
1.5
Soil

Thickness
(m)
(1)

density
(KN/m3)
(2)

0,24
0,1
0,0005

25
24
10

6,00 KN/m2
2,40 KN/m2
0,01 KN/m2

0,02
0,33
0,45

20
20

0,40 KN/m2
6,60 KN/m2
9,41 KN/m2

Thickness
(m)
(1)

density
(KN/m3)
(2)

0,24

25

0,05
0,05

25

Qkload
(1)x(2)

gk=

Vehicleenterancearea:

1.PermanentLoads
SelfWeight
1.1
calculatedby
Programme
gussasphaltor
asphaltic
concretelayer
1.2
2.VariableLoad,
CategoryC:

Qkload
(1)x(2)

6,00 KN/m2

gk=

1,25 KN/m2
1,25 KN/m2

Internalareas,qk=
Balkonies&overhangings,qk=

3,00 KN/m2
3,00 KN/m2

Mezzanine
Internalareas

1.PermanentLoads
SelfWeight
1.1
calculatedby
Programme
1.2
Isolation
1.3
Mortarlayer
1.4
Ceramictiles

Thickness
(m)
(1)

density
(KN/m3)
(2)

0,2
0,02
0,07
0,01

25
5
21
25

Qkload
(1)x(2)

gk=

5,00
0,10
1,47
0,25
1,82

KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2

1.4

Wallsofhollowconcreteblocks,t=200mm:
clearhigh,hs=
3,85 m
thicknessoftheslab,h=
0,24 m
highofthebeams,hb=
0,60 m
slabtoslab:h=
3,61 m
g=
3,4 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
12,27 KN/m'

slabtobeam:h=
3,25 m
g=
3,4 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
11,05 KN/m'
1.5
Wallsofglass,t=2x6mm:
slabtoslab:h=
3,61 m
g=
0,50 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
1,81 KN/m'
1.6
Fencewallofconcretehollowblocks,t=150mm:
h=
1,20 m
g=
2,55 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
3,06 KN/m'
1.7
Facadewallsofhollowconcreteblocks,t=20cm+outerglassstructuralfacade:
clearhigh,hs=
3,85 m
thicknessoftheslab,h=
0,24 m
highofthebeams,hb=
0,60 m
wall+mortar,g=
3,4 KN/m2
slabtobeam:h=
3,25 m
gw=g*h=
11,05 KN/m'
glasst=8mm,g=
0,20 KN/m2
Alsubstructure,g=
0,04 KN/m2
gf=
0,24 KN/m2
gf'=gf*hs=
0,94 KN/m'
C.blockswall+glass,gw=
11,99 KN/m'
2.VariableLoad,
CategoryC1:

Internalareas,qk=
Balkonies&overhangings,qk=

3,00 KN/m2
3,00 KN/m2

1st6thfloorsOfficefloors

1.PermanentLoads
SelfWeight
1.1
calculatedby
Programme
1.2
Isolation
1.3
Mortarlayer
1.4
Ceramictiles

Thickness
(m)
(1)

density
(KN/m3)
(2)

0,2
0,02
0,07
0,01

25
5
21
25

Qkload
(1)x(2)

gk=

5,00
0,10
1,47
0,25
1,82

KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2

1.4

Wallsofhollowconcreteblocks,t=200mm:
clearhigh,hs=
4,00 m
thicknessoftheslab,h=
0,20 m
highofthebeams,hb=
0,60 m
slabtoslab:h=
3,80 m
g=
3,4 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
12,92 KN/m'
slabtobeam:h=
3,40 m
g=
3,4 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
11,56 KN/m'

1.5

Wallsofglass,t=2x6mm:
slabtobeam:h=
3,40 m
g=
0,50 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
1,70 KN/m'
1.6
Fencewallofconcretehollowblocks,t=150mm:
h=
1,20 m
g=
2,55 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
3,06 KN/m'
1.7
Facadewallsofhollowconcreteblocks,t=200mm:
clearhigh,hs=
4,00 m
thicknessoftheslab,h=
0,14 m
highofthebeams,hb=
0,50 m
wall+mortar,g=
3,4 KN/m2
stoneslabst=25mm,g=
0,70 KN/m2
all,g=
4,1 KN/m2
slabtobeam:h=
3,50 m
gw=g*h=
14,35 KN/m'
2.VariableLoad,
CategoryC1:
Internalareas,qk=
Balkonies&overhangings,qk=
7thfloorOffice,sports,tech.andstorageareas
Thickness
density
(m)
(KN/m3)
(1)
(2)
1.PermanentLoads
SelfWeight
1.1
calculatedby
Programme
0,2
25
1.2
Isolation
0,02
5
1.3
Mortarlayer
0,07
21
1.4
Ceramictiles
0,01
25

3,00 KN/m2
3,00 KN/m2

Qkload
(1)x(2)

gk=

5,00
0,10
1,47
0,25
1,82

KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2

1.4

Wallsofhollowconcreteblocks,t=200mm:
clearhigh,hs=
3,85 m
thicknessoftheslab,h=
0,16 m
highofthebeams,hb=
0,70 m
slabtoslab:h=
3,69 m
g=
3,4 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
12,55 KN/m'
slabtobeam:h=
3,15 m
g=
3,4 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
10,71 KN/m'
1.5
Wallsofglass,t=2x6mm:
slabtobeam:h=
3,15 m
g=
0,50 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
1,58 KN/m'
1.6
Wallsofconcretehollowblocks,t=200mm,bellowswimmingpool:
h=
2,35 m
g=
3,40 KN/m2

gw=g*h=
2.VariableLoad,
CategoryA:
CategoryC1:

7,99 KN/m'
Internalareas,qk=
Internalareas,qk=
Balkonies&overhangings,qk=

2,00 KN/m2
3,00 KN/m2
3,00 KN/m2

POOLAREA

1.PermanentLoads
SelfWeight
1.1
calculatedby
Programme
1.2
Isolation
1.3
Mortarlayer
1.4
Ceramictiles

Thickness
(m)
(1)

density
(KN/m3)
(2)

0,2
0,02
0,07
0,01

25
5
21
25

gk=
Wallsofhollowconcreteblocks,t=200mm:
clearhigh,hs=
3,85 m
thicknessoftheslab,h=
0,16 m
highofthebeams,hb=
0,70 m
slabtoslab:h=
3,69 m
g=
3,4 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
12,55 KN/m'
slabtobeam:h=
3,15 m
g=
3,4 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
10,71 KN/m'
1.5
Wallsofglass,t=2x6mm:
slabtobeam:h=
3,15 m
g=
0,50 KN/m2
1.6
Fenceofconcretehollowblocks,t=150mm:
h=
1,60 m
g=
2,55 KN/m2
gw=g*h=
4,08 KN/m'
2.VariableLoad,
CategoryA:
Internalareas,qk=
CategoryC1:
Internalareas,qk=
Balkonies&overhangings,qk=

Qkload
(1)x(2)

5,00
0,10
1,47
0,25
1,82

KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2

1.4

gw=g*h=

2,00 KN/m2
3,00 KN/m2
3,00 KN/m2

1,58 KN/m'

ROOFTOP
Thickness
(m)
(1)

density
(KN/m3)
(2)

1.PermanentLoads
SelfWeight
1.1
calculatedby
Programme

0,16

25

4,00 KN/m2

Concretelayer,
avg.thick.
Termoisolation

0,06
0,1

21
0,1

1,26 KN/m2
0,01 KN/m2
1,27 KN/m2

1.2
1.3

Qkload
(1)x(2)

gk=
1.4
Parapetwallsofhollowconcreteblocks,t=20cm:
h=
0,25 m
g=
2,55 KN/m2
gpw=g*h=
0,64 KN/m'
2.VariableLoad,
CategoryH:roofs
qk=

0,60 KN/m2

Greenspace

1.PermanentLoads
SelfWeight
1.1
calculatedby
Programme
1.2
Concretelayer
1.3
Gravel
1.4
Soil
1.5
Vegetation

Thickness
(m)
(1)

density
(KN/m3)
(2)

0,2
0,1
0,1
0,4

25
24
20
20

Qkload
(1)x(2)

gk=
2.VariableLoad,
CategoryA:

qk=

5,00
2,40
2,00
8,00
1,00
13,40

KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2

2,00 KN/m2

2.2STAIRS
1.PermanentLoads

1.1

1.2
1.3
1.4

SelfWeight
calculatedby
Programme
Concretesteps1
Concretelayer
Ceramictiles

Thickness
(m)
(1)

density
(KN/m3)
(2)

0,14
0,085
0,05
0,012

25
24
24
24

Qkload
(1)x(2)

gk=
1.4

3,50
2,04
1,20
0,29
3,53

KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2

Wallsofhollowconcreteblocks,t=20cm:

clearhigh,hs=
thicknessoftheslab,h=
highofthebeams,hb=
slabtobeam:h=
g=
gw=g*h=
2.VariableLoad,

1,50
0,16
0,50
1,00
3,4
3,40

m
m
m
m
KN/m2
KN/m'
qk=

3,00 KN/m2

2.2LATERALLOADS
2.2.1SEISMICLOADS
EN19981(2004)(English):Eurocode8:Designofstructuresforearthquakeresistance
Returnperiod
475 years
Modalresponsespectrumanalysisiscarriedoutindesignaccordingtosubclose4.3.3.3
2.2.1.1CalculationofImportancefactor
l
p
e
class
Buildings
I
Buildingsofminorimportanceforpublicsafety,e.g.
II
III

IV

agriculturalbuildings,etc.
Ordinarybuildings,notbelongingintheothercategories.
Buildingswhoseseismicresistanceisofimportanceinviewof
theconsequencesassociatedwithacollapse,e.g.schools,
assemblyhalls,culturalinstitutionsetc.
Buildingswhoseintegrityduringearthquakesisofvital
importanceforcivilprotection,e.g.hospitals,firestations,
powerplants,etc.
Fordesignimportancefactorl=1.0isadopted.

0,8
1,0

1,2

1,4

2.2.1.2Groundconditions
Paranleters
Ground
type
A

Descriptionofstratigraphicprofile
Rockorotherrocklikegeologicalformations,
includingatmost5mofweakermaterialatthe
surface.

Vs.30(m/s)

NSPT
(blows/30cm
)
c

>800

>50

>250

Depositsofverydensesand,gravel,orverystiffclay,
atleastseveraltensofmetresinthickness,
characterisedbyagradualincreaseofmechanical
propertieswithdepth.
360800
Deepdepositsofdenseormediumdensesand,
gravelorstiffclaywiththicknessfrolnseveraltens
tomanyhundredsofmetres.

180360

u(kPa)

1550 70250

Depositsofdensetomediumcohesionlesssoil(with
orwithoutsomesoftcohesivelayers),orof
predominantlysofttofinncohesivesoil.

<180

<15

<70

1020

E
Asoilprofileconsistingofasurfacealluviumlayer
withvsvaluesoftypeCorDandthicknessvarying
betweenabout5mand20m,underlainbystiffer
materialwithvs>800m/s.
S1
Depositsconsisting,orcontainingalayeratleastm
thick,ofsoft(indicative)clays/siltswithahigh
plasticityindex(PI>40)andhighwatercontent.

<100
(indicative)

S2
Depositsofliquefiablesoils,ofsensitiveclays,orany
othersoilprofilenotincludedintypesA,EorSI
Note: The
site should be classified according to the value of the average shear wave velocity,
VS,30,ifthisisavailable.OtherwisethevalueofNSPTshouldbeused.
TheaverageshearwavevelocityVs,30shouldbecomputedinaccordancewiththefollowing
expression:
30
,

wherehiandvidenotethethickness(inmetres)andshearwavevelocity(atashearstrain
5
levelof10 orless)ofthei thformationorlayer,inatotalofN,existinginthetop30m.
2.2.1.3Horizontalelasticresponsespectrum
RecommendedTypeIelasticresponsespectraisused,becauseitispresumedthatthesite
haveasurfacewavemagnitude,Ms,greaterthan5,5
ValuesoftheparametersdescribingtherecommendedTypeIelasticresponsespectra
TC(s)
TD(s)
TB(s)
Groundtype
S
A
B
C
D
E

1,00
1,20
1,15
1,35
1,40

0,150
0,150
0,200
0,200
0,150

0,4
0,5
0,6
0,8
0,5

2,00
2,00
2,00
2,00
2,00

Note:ForgroundS1andS2specialstudiessllouldprovidethecorrespondingvaluesofS,TB,TCandTD
Actualbuildingisconsideredasabuildingwithasignificantcontributionfromtorsionalmodes,thus
theminimumnumberkofmodestobetakenintoaccountinaspatialanalysisshouldsatisfyboththe
twofollowingconditions:
1)Minimumnumberofmodes,k3nwherenisnumberofstorysabovetherigidbasementand
2)Atleastonenaturalperiodofvibrationofmodek,shouldbeTk<0,2s
Thenumberofstorysaboverigidbasementis,n=
7
k=
8
Tkwillbecheckedafterthecalculationofthestrucuresvibrationmodes.

10

2.2.1.4Viscousdampingratioofthestruct =5%
2.2.1.5Calculationofthebehaviourfactor,q
Thebehaviourfactorq isanapproximationoftheratiooftheseismicforcesthat
thestructurewouldexperienceifitsresponsewascompletelyelasticwith5%viscous
damping,totheseismicforcesthatmaybeusedinthedesign,withaconventional
elasticanalysismodel,stillensuringasatisfactoryresponseofthestructure.
q=q0*kw1.5
kwisthefactorassociatedwiththeprevailingfailuremodeinstructuralsystemwithwalls
DCMDuctilityClassMediumstructure,forbuildingswithhighresistencetoearthquake
DCHDuctilityClassHighstructure,forbuildingswithhighhystereticdissipationcapacity.
Bothclassescorrespondtobuildingsdesigned,dimensionedanddetailedinaccordance
withspecificearthquakeresistantprovisions,enablingthestructuretodevelopstable
mechanismsassociatedwithlargedissipationofhystereticenergyunderrepeatedreversed
loading,withoutsufferingbrittlefailures.
InthiscasethestructurewillbedesignedasDCM.
2.2.1.5.1CalculationoftheBasicvalueofthebehaviourfactor,q 0 :
STRUCTURALTYPE
Framesystem,dual
system,coupledwall
system

Selected:

DCM

DCH

3,0u/1

4,5u/1

3,0 u/1

Uncoupledwallsystem

4,0u/1
3,0
Torsionallyflexible
2,0
3,0
1,5
2,0
Invertedpendulunl
DefiningtheStructuraltype(5.2.2.1)
1.Checkifthestructureiswallsystem"
1.1ThebuildinghastwoRCwallsinboth,ortogonaldirections.
Xdirection:
1stcondition:Min.lenghtoftheonewall,lw=
4,1 m
2hw/3=2*34.4/3=
22,9 m(hwfromthelevel0.00rigidbasement)
lessvalueis:
4,1 m>4mconditionisfulfilled.
Ydirection:
1stcondition:Min.lenghtoftheonewall,lw=
6,4 m
2hw/3=2*34.4/3=
22,9 m(hwfromthelevel0.00rigidbasement)
lessvalueis:
6,4 m>4mconditionisfulfilled.

Forbuildingswhicharenotregularinelevation,thevalueofqushouldbereducedby20%
landuaredefinedasfollows:
a)Framesorframeequivalentdualsystems:
Onestoreybuildings:/1=

Selected:
1,1

multistorey,onebayframes:/1=

1,2

frameequivalentdualstructures:
/1=

1,3

11

b)Wallorwallequivalentdual
wallsystemswithonlytwo
uncoupledwallsperhorizontal
direction:/1=

1,1

otheruncoupledwalIsystems:
u/1=

1,2

Forbuildingswhicharenotregularin
planthevalueof/1=

1,0

1,1

Forbuildingswhicharenotregular
alongthehight,valueofq=0.8qo
0,8
Selected:/1=
1,10
q0=0,8*1,1=
2,4 u/1 = 2,64
2.2.1.5.2Calculationofthevalueofthefactor,k w :
k w = 1,0
fortheframesorframeequivalentdualsystems
k w =(1+o)/31,0.5 forwall,wallequivalentandtorsionallyflexiblesystems
whereoistheprevailingaspectratioofthewallsofthestructuralsystem.
Highofthewall,hw=

32 m

Lenghtofthecross
sectionofthewall,lw=
o=hw/lw=

6,2 m
5,16

k w =
adoptedvalueofk w =

2,05
1,00

Finaldesignvalue:
q=k w qo=

2,64

mustbe

1
0.5

12

2.2.1.6Calculationofthea g /g
agisthedesigngroundaccelerationontypeAground
gisaccelerationofgravity
ag40hz=peakvalueofgroundacceleration<03,0m/s>
ag=0,8*ag40hz*1=designgroundacceleration
1=

importancefactor=

1,0

HorizontalPeakGroundAccelerationseismichazardmap representingstiffsiteconditionsfor
anexceedanceoroccurrencerateof10%within50yearsfortheMediterraneanregion
(source:GSHAPGLOBALSEISMICHAZARDASSESSMENTPROGRAM)
ag40hz=
1,3 m/sfromthemapabove
ag=
ag/g=

1,04 m/s
0,11 >istobeusedindesign

2.2.1.7Criteriaforregularityinplan
Theslendernessofthebuildinginplanwhichisrepresentedbyfollowingequation:

Lmax/Lmin 4

tobefulfilled
where:Lmax isthelargerinplandimension
Lmin isthesmalerinplandimension
Lmax
Lmin
(m)
(m)
20,00
11,20

1,79

Result
<4conditionisfulfilled

13