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Chapter 18
The French Revolution
The Crisis of the French Monarchy
1.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
2.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
3.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
He was responsible for the introduction of the revolutionary land tax that all landowners would have to pay
regardless of their social status:
Jacques Necker.
Louis XIV.
Rene Maupeou.
Charles Alexandre de Calonne.
Louis XV.
4.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
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Chapter 18
6.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
By which of the following ways did the aristocracy attempt to limit the influence of the Third Estate:
they demanded that each estate have an equal number of representatives.
they levied excessive luxury taxes on the estate.
they demanded that each individual should have a vote in the Estates General.
they attempted to disband the estate all together.
they prevented delegates from attending the Estates General.
7.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The cahiers de doleances presented to the king included all of the following grievances EXCEPT criticism of:
government waste.
indirect taxes.
the hunting rights of the aristocracy.
the institution of monarchy as a whole.
corruption.
8.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
9.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Throughout the winter and spring of 1789, the high prices for this commodity produced many riots:
wine.
cotton.
cheese.
bread.
beef.
10.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen was proclaimed by:
Louis XVI.
the National Constituent Assembly.
the National Assembly.
the First Estate.
Olympe de Gouges.
11.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
159
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Chapter 18
12. The two most powerful, universal political ideas of ______________________ were civic equality and popular
sovereignty.
13. On June 1, 1789 the Third Estate invited the clergy and the nobles to join them in organizing a new legislative
body, which was later named the ___________.
14. The fall of the ___________ marked the first time the populace of Paris redirected the course of the revolution.
15. The French term ___________ refers to the days on which the populace of Paris redirected the course of the
revolution.
16. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen claimed that natural rights included liberty, property,
security, and resistance to ________.
The Reconstruction of France
17.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Which of the following best describes the form of government pursued by the National Constituent Assembly:
democracy.
constitutional monarchy.
oligarchy.
theocracy.
dictatorship.
160
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Chapter 18
18. According to the suffrage stipulations of the Constitution of 1791, approximately how many of Frances 25
million citizens were qualified to vote?
A. 50,000
B. 250,000
C. 1 million
D. 25 million
E. 10 million
19.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
20.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
21. In 1791, ____________, a butchers daughter from Montauban in northwest France who became a major
revolutionary radical in Paris, composed a Declaration of the Rights of Woman.
22. The National Constituent Assembly abolished the ancient French provinces and established in their place 83
administrative units called __________.
23. Known as __________, over 16,000 French aristocrats settled in countries near the French border, where they
sought to foment counterrevolution.
The End of the Monarchy: A Second Revolution
24.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
All of the following statements about the Jacobins are true EXCEPT:
they established a network of local clubs throughout the provinces.
they contributed to the radicalization of the French Revolution.
embraced Rousseaus emphasis on equality, popular sovereignty, and civic virtue
they were the most famous and best organized club of the Third Estate.
they were the most conservative political group in the National Constituent Assembly.
25.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
26.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
161
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Chapter 18
27.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
28. In 1792, the Paris Commune compelled the Legislative Assembly to call for the election of a new assembly,
called the ___________, to write a democratic constitution.
29. What political and social factors led to the outbreak of the Second Revolution? How could this revolution have
been avoided? Explain.
162
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Chapter 18
31.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Which of the following best summarizes Edmund Burkes view of the French Revolution:
he wholeheartedly supported the uprising.
he believed it was shortsighted and politically ignorant.
he believed it was the inevitable extension of Enlightenment ideals.
he was rather ambivalent toward the revolutionary events.
he supported its ideals, but was unsure if they would be realized.
32. ___________, the hero of the American Revolution, composed The Rights of Man in direct response to Burke
and in defense of the revolutionary principles.
33. On November 4 in the single bloodiest day of combat in the decade, __________ troops killed well over 10,000
Poles outside Warsaw.
The Reign of Terror
34.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
By April 1793, which of the following countries was NOT at war with France?:
Austria.
Great Britain.
Spain.
Sweden.
Prussia.
163
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Chapter 18
35.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
36.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
37.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The core value of the republic of virtue created by the revolution was:
public good over the private good.
individual interests over the general will.
private good over the public good.
liberty for all.
equality of all, including men and women.
38.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Which of the following was not part of the ideology embraced by Maximilien de Robespierre:
wholehearted support of the republican government.
renunciation of self-interested politics.
the assault on foreign and domestic enemies of the revolution.
embrace of Christianity.
establishment of equal rights for women.
39.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Many victims of the Reign of Terror were subject to this humane form of execution:
hanging.
guillotine.
starvation.
poisoning.
shooting.
40.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
164
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Chapter 18
41. The immediate need to protect the revolution from enemies, real or imagined, from across the spectrum of
French political and social life manifested itself in what became known as the _____________.
42. As part of a policy of de-Christianization, the Convention, in November of 1793, decreed the Cathedral of
_____________ a Temple of Reason.
43. In May 1794, at the height of his power, Robespierre, considering the worship of Reason too abstract for most
citizens, replaced it with the ____________.
The Thermidorian Reaction
44.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
45.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Bands of Jesus:
rejected the legitimacy of traditional clergy.
called for an end to violence and revenge.
were a figment of the popular imagination.
advocated perpetual war.
murdered suspected Jacobins.
46. Which of the following best summarizes the comparison of freedoms exercised by women before 1789 versus
after 1795:
A. women had less freedom before 1789.
B. women had more freedom after 1795.
C. women had more freedom before 1789.
D. the degree of freedom exercised was comparable.
E. women gained political rights after 1795.
165
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Chapter 18
47.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
48.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The Treaties of Basel in March and June 1795 concluded peace with:
Poland and Spain.
Prussia and Poland.
Spain and Prussia.
Poland and Great Britain.
Switzerland and Prussia.
166
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