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G. MOUSSAVI et al., Effectiveness of Hydrogen Peroxide in H2S Removal by a Packed , Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q. 22 (1) 914 (2008)
a Department
Removal of H2S from waste air streams was investigated in a chemical scrubber
packed with new low-cost and high specific surface area media and in the presence of
H2O2 in scrubbing liquid. The experimental conditions included superficial gas velocities
of n = 500 and n = 840 m h1, inlet H2S volume fraction in the range of j = 50 to
250 106, scrubbing liquid flow rate ranging from QL = 1 to 10 L min1 and liquid phase
pH of 7 to 12. The results showed H2S removal efficiencies of h = 97.5 % to more than h
= 99 % at liquid flow rate of QL = 5 L min1 and pH of 10 to 11. Overall, it was determined that the media tested and H2O2 can be used in scrubbers for efficient H2S removal
without the possibility of forming any toxic byproducts.
Key words:
Hydrogen sulfide, treatment methods, chemical scrubber, hydrogen peroxide
Introduction
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a toxic, odorous, and
corrosive colorless gas that is released to the atmosphere from different industrial processes including
petroleum refining, sour gas sweetening, pulp and
paper manufacturing, tanning and waste management facilities such as wastewater treatment and
composting plants.1 Chemical scrubbing, physical
adsorption,
electrochemical
treatment,
and
biofiltration techniques have been used to purify
H2S from waste gas streams.2,3 Chemical scrubbing
is among the most popular and successful of these
technologies because it is very effective at removing H2S and is flexible with respect to the use of
many different scrubbing solutions.4 The most
widely applied oxidant in the scrubbing solutions
for the control of odorous compounds has been the
various forms of chlorine.4 However, the use of
chlorine has a major drawback of producing chlorinated byproducts such as halomethanes, which are
known toxics.5 To avoid forming these toxic byproducts, research has been focused on finding an
efficient surrogate oxidant. Hydrogen peroxide
(H2O2), which is the strongest oxidant after O3, has
been considered a suitable replacement for chlorine
compounds. H2O2 is a very selective and clean oxidant that does not produce toxic and corrosive by* Corresponding
(1)
(2)
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the overall experimental setup. A bench scale packed-bed
scrubber was constructed from Plexiglas and had a
diameter of D = 13.5 cm and a total height of H =
120 cm. The packing materials were low-cost high
specific surface area corrugated plastic tube parts.
The total bed height and volume of scrubber were
D = 70 cm and V = 10 L, respectively. The porosity
of the bed was 92 %. The scrubber bed medium had
a specific surface area of S = 625 m2 m3 which was
10
G. MOUSSAVI et al., Effectiveness of Hydrogen Peroxide in H2S Removal by a Packed , Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q. 22 (1) 914 (2008)
G. MOUSSAVI et al., Effectiveness of Hydrogen Peroxide in H2S Removal by a Packed , Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q. 22 (1) 914 (2008)
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G. MOUSSAVI et al., Effectiveness of Hydrogen Peroxide in H2S Removal by a Packed , Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q. 22 (1) 914 (2008)
The selection of the scrubbing liquid conditions is critical in designing an efficient scrubber. In
addition to pH, the flow rate is another key parameter for scrubbing liquid, because absorption is directly proportional to the amount of liquid exposed
to the gas stream. In this regard, the effect of flow
rate of the scrubbing liquid containing H2O2, in
range of QL = 1 to 10 L min1 at the optimum pH
was studied. These flow rates correspond to liquid
velocities of n = 4 to 20 m h1 in the scrubber. This
step of the study was carried out at two different superficial gas velocities of n = 500 and 840 m h1
and the inlet H2S fractions of j = 50 and 250 106
for each velocity. Fig. 4 shows the removal efficiency of H2S at two gas velocities of n = 500 and
840 m h1 with j = 50 106 H2S in the inlet air.
The H2S percent removal increased proportionally
with the increase of the scrubbing liquid velocity
from n = 4 to 20 m h1 in both gas velocities tested.
H2S removal efficiency increased from h = 72 % to
more than 99 % and from 63 % to more than 99 %
at gas velocities of n = 500 and 840 m h1, respectively. Liquid velocities of greater than n= 20 m h1
did not affect the performance of the scrubber for
both superficial gas velocities. These experiments
were repeated for the inlet H2S fraction of j =
250 106 to determine the combined effects of liquid flow rate and fraction on the H2S removal efficiency of the scrubber.
The results shown in Fig. 5 reveal that the H2S
removal efficiency had the same trend vs. liquid ve-
G. MOUSSAVI et al., Effectiveness of Hydrogen Peroxide in H2S Removal by a Packed , Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q. 22 (1) 914 (2008)
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G. MOUSSAVI et al., Effectiveness of Hydrogen Peroxide in H2S Removal by a Packed , Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q. 22 (1) 914 (2008)
Conclusion
An experimental study was conducted on the
effectiveness of H2O2 as an oxidant for the removal
of H2S in a chemical scrubber with a new packing
medium. The results have demonstrated that the
H2O2 in the packed bed scrubber successfully
treated the air containing H2S in range of j = 50 to
250 106 at bed contact time of t = 3 s, with removal efficiencies between h = 97.5 % and more
than h = 99 %. To achieve this high performance in
the scrubber, minimum liquid flow rate and pH
were QL = 5 L min1 and 10, respectively. The most
important advantages of this chemical scrubber are
high removal efficiency, no production of toxic byproducts, and efficient low cost media. H2O2 is an
oxidant as effective as NaOCl, with the advantage
of being much safer and more environmentally
friendly for application in scrubbers for H2S removal. In addition, corrugated tube parts are very
efficient media to increase contact surface of the
gas and liquid phases where packed into scrubbers.
List of symbols
D
H
Qa
diameter, cm
height, cm
volume air flow rate, L min1
QL
S
t
n
V
h
l
j
References
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