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CONFIDENTIAL
COURSE
FLUID MECHANICS II
COURSE CODE
MEC442/KJM492
EXAMINATION
OCTOBER 2010
TIME
3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1.
2.
Answer any five (5) questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page.
Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the
invigilator.
Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of:
i)
ii)
iii)
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EM/OCT 2010/MEC442/KJM492
QUESTION 1
a)
i)
ii)
Calculate the acceleration of a fluid particle located at the point (x,y) = (3,2)
(10 marks)
b)
i)
ii)
Determine if there are any stagnation points in this flow-field and if so, specify the
locations.
(10 marks)
QUESTION 2
a)
Explain briefly by using superposition principle, how the stream function for flow past a
circular cylinder without circulation is obtained for potential flow.
(10 marks)
b)
A source with a strength 0.2 m3/s/m and an irrotational vortex with strength 1.0 m2/s/m are
located at the origin.
i)
ii)
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EM/OCT 2010/MEC442/KJM492
QUESTION 3
a)
fy]
(8 marks)
b)
A thin flat plate is installed in a water tunnel as a splitter. The plate is 0.3 m long and 1m
wide. The free stream velocity is 1.6 m/s. Laminar boundary layers form on both sides of the
plate. The boundary layer velocity profile is approximated as parabolic
TT.
V V2
KSJ
\ J
Determine the total viscous drag force on the plate assuming that the pressure drag is
negligible. Assume the kinematic viscosity, v = 1x10" m Is.
(12 marks)
QUESTION 4
a)
Outline carefully the derivation of the following equations relating temperature, 7", density, p,
and pressure, P to the Mach number, M, in isentropic flow. The subscript 0 refers to
isentropic stagnation conditions and y is the ratio of specific heats.
r
"'
b)
(?) = i + r-n M
\r J
(10 marks)
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EM/OCT 2010/MEC442/KJM492
QUESTION 5
a)
b)
The requirement for water circulation in an Olympic size swimming pool consists of pumping
water continuously to the inlets located at the base of the swimming pool measuring 50 m
long by 30 m wide by 1.8 m deep as shown in Figure Q5. The over flow channels at the top
water level of the pool drains into a balancing tank the volume of which is approximately
15% of the volume of the swimming pool. If the pressure head losses through each of the
pipe fittings and sand filter may be assumed to be 0.5V2/2g, and the requirement for flow
rate being to replace the entire pool water once every 6 hours, using a flow velocity of 1.6
m/s maximum,
i)
ii)
Calculate the total pressure head required for pump to deliver if the total equivalent
length of pipe used is 100 m and the friction factor f=0.001.
iii)
Determine the power required to pump the water round assuming no losses.
(12 marks)
Explain at least four important design considerations behind the use of balancing tank for
swimming pool installations.
(8 marks)
Overflow gutter
Balancing Tank
Olympic size pool SO m by 30 m
by 1.8 m deep
Sand filter
Pump
valves
Figure Q5
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EM/OCT 2010/MEC442/KJM492
QUESTION 6
Due to poor workmanship in the construction of the Olympic size swimming pool the dimensions
of which are given in Q5, a 1 m wide horizontal hair-line crack appeared at the bottom of a vertical
wall of the pool.
a)
b)
Hence calculate the total volumetric flow due to this leakage from the hair-line crack. You
may assume the absolute viscosity for water to be ^=0.001 kg/ms and that the density as
1=1000 kg/m3.
(10 marks)
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APPENDIX 1
EM/OCT 2010/MEC442/KJM492
FORMULA LIST
Equations of Motion in Cartesian Coordinate System.
du
d/
du
Ar
du
r9y
du\
dz
i>
dp
dx
Id~u
\dx2
d~u
dv2
.,>
d~u
dz2
(y direction)
(dv
c)V
dv
dv\
dp
(d2V
d2v
d2v\
p + u
h v + w ) = - + p + a \ j2 H
r + z)
\dt
dx
dy.
dzj
By
^ \dx
dy7
dZ2J
(z direction)
(dw
dw
dw
dw\
P T~ + " + V + w
\M
dx
8y
dzj
dp
+ pg. +
dz
-
(' drw
UL
d2W
d2w\
7 + 72 + 7
\dx2
dy
dz2 J
-^-(rvr)+r dr
(v6) + (vz) = 0
r ad
dz
Laplacian operator:
_2
i a /
a\
, az
a,+
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