UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR

MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF MARINE ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC SYSTEM (LGD 20402)

WORKSTATION NO :5
GROUP NAME :

NAME
NOORZARIWAN IKHMAR BIN
NORIZAN
MOHAMMAD AMIRUDDIN BIN
AZNI
MOHD IKRAM NAJIHUDDIN BIN

ID. NO
56120313321
56120313320
56120313303

SALMAN
LECTURER NAME : MR.ABDUL AZIZ BIN ABDUL RAHIM

TABLE OF CONTENT

NO.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

CONTENT

PAGE

No
.
1

Picture

Description
Indirect control of
double acting
cylinder

Indirect control of
single acting cylinder

Rathless cylinder
3

5/2 way pneumatic

double pilot

5/2 way pneumatically

actuated,single pilot

3/2 way pneumatic

valve,one side

Symbol/Series
No

Function
are mechanical
devices which
use the power of
compressed gas
to produce a
force in
recipricating
linear motion an
both side.
-produce thrust
in one direction
-to provide the
driving force for
machines.
Are generally
used as drive for
rapid more.

A devices that
regulates the
flow of air by
opening and
closing or
prctically
obstructing
passage ways.
A devices that
regulates the
flow of air by
opening and
closing or
partically
obstructing
passage ways.
A devices that
regulates the
flow of air by
opening and
closing or
partically
obstructing
passage ways.

5/3 way valve

pneumatically
actuated,both
sides,normally closed

A devices that
regulated the
flow of air on
both sides.

One way flow control

valve

Regulate the
piston speed of
pneumatic
drives during
advance and
return stroke.
The importance
of pressure
gauge becomes
clear when there
is no posibility
of indicating the
pressure of air
compress.
Suitable for
monitoring and
display of
operational
status.
Returns the
valve to the
normal position
via a return
spring
It is actuated by
turning the
selector
switch,switching
is maintained
after the
selector.switch
has been release.
-filter: can
remove
impurities from
compressed air
before it is fed
to the pneumatic
components.
-pressure
regulator: to
stabilize the
pressure and

Pressure gauge
9

Optical display(red)
10

11

3/2 way valve with

push button,normally
closed

12

5/2 way valve with

selector

13

Pressure regulator
valve with gauge

14

15

Time delay valve

normally closed

3/2 way valve with

mushroom,head
emergency
swittech(red)
normally open

Quick exhaust valve

16

3/2 way roller level

valve,normally closed
17
3/2 way way roller
level valve with idie
return normally
closed
18

regulated the
operation of
pneumatic
component
-lubricator: to
provide
lubrication for
pneumatic
component.
The time delay
valve is actuated
by a pnuematic
signal port12
after a pressure
time delay has
elapsed.it is
return spring
when the signal
is removed
When the push
button is
released, the
circuit state is
returned acts as
emergency stop
button.
These compent
allow higher
piston speeds to
be achieved on
the return stroke
of struggle and
double acting
cylinder.
The valve is
actuated by
pressing the
roller valve.
The valve is
actuated when
the trip roller
has been
tranverd by al
cylinder trip
cam possing in
the positive
direction.

Counter

19

Air distributor

20

Shuttle valve

21
Connecting pipe

23

Service unit

24
Releasing tools
25

Is a sequential
number
generator is can
be used with or
without o
database.
Compressed air
distributor
together with the
supplementary
function of
water seperation
and stable air
supply
To isolate one
part of a system
from an aternate
part of circuit
Can be used in
water or other
liquid
environment or
to convey air or
other gasses
-use to carry
fluids through
air or fluid
environmnet.
-filter regulator
-lubricator
-other function
modules
To re-assembled
the component
from the
working table.

INTRODUCTION

A fluid power system is one that transmits and control energy through the use of pressurized liquid or
gas. In Pneumatics, this power is air. This of course from the atmosphere and is reduced in volume by
compression, thus increasing its pressure. Compressed air mainly used to do work by acting on a
piston or vane. While this energy can be used in many facets of industry, the field of industrial
pneumatics is considered here. The correct use of pneumatic control requires an adequate knowledge
of pneumatic components and their function to ensure their integration into an efficient working
system. Although electronic control using a programmable sequencer or other logic controller is
currently specified, it is still necessary to know the function of the pneumatic components in this type
of system.

BACKGROUND

During 17th century,German physicist and engineer Otto von Guericke experimented with and
improved air compressors. In 1650, Guericke invented the first air pump. It could produce a partial
vacuum and Guericke used it to study the phenomenon of vacuum and the role of air in combustion
and respiration.In 1829, the first stage or compound air compressor was patented. A compound air
compressor compresses air in successive cylinders.By 1872, compressor efficiency was improved by
having the cylinders cooled by water jets, which led to the invention of water-jacketed cylinders.

OBJECTIVE

1. Perform the safety and regulations apply in engineering workshop and/or laboratory.
2. Describe briefly about pneumatic control system.
3. Design the pneumatic circuit diagram and elements.
4. Correctly install components in the pneumatic system according to the given circuit diagrams.
5. Test runs the assembled system components base on the given circuit diagrams.

ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE

The advantages of pneumatic systems
Pneumatic control systems are widely used in our society, especially in the industrial sectors
for the driving of automatic machines. Pneumatic systems have a lot of advantages.

(i) High effectiveness

Many factories have equipped their production lines with compressed air supplies and movable
compressors. There is an unlimited supply of air in our atmosphere to produce compressed air.
Moreover, the use of compressed air is not restricted by distance, as it can easily be transported
through pipes. After use, compressed air can be released directly into the atmosphere without the
need of processing.

(ii) High durability and reliability

Pneumatic components are extremely durable and can not be damaged easily. Compared to
electromotive components, pneumatic components are more durable and reliable.

(iii) Simple design

The designs of pneumatic components are relatively simple. They are thus more suitable for
use in simple automatic control systems.

(iv) High adaptability to harsh environment

Compared to the elements of other systems, compressed air is less affected by high
temperature, dust, corrosion, etc.
(v) Safety
Pneumatic systems are safer than electromotive systems because they can work in inflammable
environment without causing fire or explosion. Apart from that, overloading in pneumatic system
will only lead to sliding or cessation of operation. Unlike electromotive components, pneumatic
components do not burn or get overheated when overloaded.

(vi) Easy selection of speed and pressure

The speeds of rectilinear and oscillating movement of pneumatic systems are easy to adjust
and subject to few limitations. The pressure and the volume of air can easily be adjusted by a
pressure regulator.

(vii) Environmental friendly

The operation of pneumatic systems do not produce pollutants. The air released is also
processed in special ways. Therefore, pneumatic systems can work in environments that demand
high level of cleanliness. One example is the production lines of integrated circuits.

(viii) Economical
As pneumatic components are not expensive, the costs of pneumatic systems are quite low.

Moreover, as pneumatic systems are very durable, the cost of repair is significantly lower than that
of other systems.

The disadvantages of pneumatic systems

Although pneumatic systems possess a lot of advantages, they are also subject to many
limitations.

(i) Relatively low accuracy

As pneumatic systems are powered by the force provided by compressed air, their operation is
subject to the volume of the compressed air. As the volume of air may change when compressed or
heated, the supply of air to the system may not be accurate, causing a decrease in the overall
accuracy of the system.

(ii) Low loading

As the cylinders of pneumatic components are not very large, a pneumatic system cannot drive
loads that are too heavy.

(iii) Processing required before use

Compressed air must be processed before use to ensure the absence of water vapour or dust.
Otherwise, the moving parts of the pneumatic components may wear out quickly due to friction.

(iv) Uneven moving speed

As air can easily be compressed, the moving speeds of the pistons are relatively uneven.

(v) Noise
Noise will be produced when compressed air is released from the pneumatic components.

CONCLUSION

Our conclusion is we can know how to construct accurately and can arrange the component of
pneumatic circuit systematically. Then we can know how to report and explain briefly the operation of
pneumatic experiment in group. Next we can learn to find out the correct component and equipment.
For our recommendation there are components that have been damaged mixed with the component
that can work. Components should be separated so that students do not use these components to build
the circuit. Components need to be replaced with new components so that students can use enough
components to build the circuit mainly used by many groups.

REFRENCE
1. http://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/engines-equipment/hydraulic1.htm
2. http://www.smartcape.org.za/learner-support/school-projectinformation/technology/hydraulic-and-pneumatic-system.html
3. http://www.festo.com/cat/en-kr_kr/products
4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatics
5. http://accessengineeringlibrary.com/browse/fluid-powerengineering/p200194069970367001