5 TENSES DASAR

1. Simple Present Tense

Terdapat 2 kegunaan :
a. Habitual Action( Tindakan Sehari-hari )
Contoh:
Dhika goes to school
My Father reads a newspaper every morning
b. General Truth( Kebenaran Umum )
Contoh:
Water boils at 1000C
24 hours in a day
Predikat dalam bentuk simple Present Tense adalah kata kerja asal / kata kerja bentuk pertama.
Contoh:
See
Go
Write
Etc.
Khusus untuk subject orang ketiga tunggal misalnya: He, she, it, the man, dsb, kata kerjanya
selalu mendapat tambahan akhiran s/es/ies. Selain subject tersebut kata kerjanya tidak
mengalami perubahan.
Contoh:
I go to school every day
He goes to school every day
They play football
Andi plays football
Kalimat tanya menggunakan Do/Does sebelum subject, sedangkan kalimat negative
menambahakn Do not / Does not setelah subject.
Contoh:
Do you come late?
Does she study English?
I do not speak English
Pattern
Positive sentence S + VI(s/es) + O/C
Negative sentence S + do not/does not + VI +O/C
Interrogative sentence Do/does + S + VI + O/C

Example:
1) Iron sinks in water
2) They often come to school
3) Do you understand that lesson?
4) We dont know about that problem
5) Every day her mother cooks some vegetables
2. Simple past Tense
Terdapat 3 ciri khas Simple Past tense
a. Predikat kalimat dalam bentuk tense ini selalu menggunakan kata kerja bentuk 2
Contoh:
They played tennis
We studied Physic
Etc.
b. Kalimat tanya dibentuk dengan menambahkan kata DID di depan kalimat sebelum subject.
Dan DID Not pada kalimat negative.
Contoh:
Did they play football yesterday?
Did he go to campus yesterday?
c. Kata keterangan waktu yang biasa digunakan
Yesterday = kemarin
The day before yesterday = kemarin dulu
Last week = minggu lalu
Last month = bulan lalu
Two days ago = 2 hari yang lalu
Just now = baru saja
Pattern
Positive sentence S + VII + O/C
Negative sentence S + Did not + VI + O/C
Interrogative sentence Did + S + VI + O/C
Example:
1) They came to the party last night
2) He understood this lesson
3) Did you bring dictionary?
4) The cat caught the ball
5) Merlyn explained the lesson last week
3. Simple Future Tense
Terdapat 3 ciri khas simple future tense
a. Predikat kalimat dalam tense ini selalu terdiri dari WILL / SHALL

Subject yang menggunakan will adalah they, you, she, he, it. Subject yang menggunakan shall
adalah I dan We. Namun I juga dapat menggunakan will.
Contoh:
I will go to school tomorrow
They will bring the dictionary
We shall study history
b. Kalimat tanya dibentuk dengan memindahkan will / shall di depan kalimat sebelum subject.
Dan shall not atau will not pada kalimat negative.
Contoh:
We shall not go together
They will not bring the umbrella
Will they come to the party tomorrow?
c. Keterangan waktu yang biasa digunakan
Tomorrow = besok
The day after tomorrow = lusa
Tomorrow morning = besok pagi
Soon = segera
Next time = lain kali
Next week = minggu depan
Pattern
Positive sentence S + will/shall + VI + O/C
Negative sentence S + will not/shall not + VI + O/C
Interrogative sentence Will/shall + S + VI + O/C
Example:
1) They will come to the party next week
2) His father will go to Paris tomorrow morning by plane
3) We shall do this task soon
4) Will they write this note?
5) Barry wont bring his laptop
4. Present Continuous Tense
Cirri-cirinya adalah:
a. Predikat dalam kalimat continuous tense ini selalu menggunakan VI+ing dan terdapat tobe(is,
am, are) setelah subject.
Contoh :
We are studying English now
He is writing notes
b. Kalimat Tanya dibentuk dengan memindahkan tobe(is, am, are) ke depan sebelum subject, dan
kalimat negative hanya menambahkan kata Not setelah tobe.
Contoh:
We arent studying English
Are you playing football?

Pattern
Positive sentence S + tobe (is, am, are) + VI + ing + O/C
Negative sentence S + tobe (is, am, are) + not + VI + ing + O/C
Interrogative sentence Tobe + S + VI + ing + O/C
Example:
1) They are going to campus
2) Diky and juna are doing their homework
3) He is seeing the picture
4) The teacher isnt bring her pen
5) Are you reading the newspaper?
5. Present Perfect Tense
Ciri khas Present Perfect Tense
a. Predikat kalimat dalam tense ini selalu terdiri dari HAS / HAVE
Subject yang menggunakan have adalah I, we, they, you. Subject yang menggunakan has
adalah he, she, it.
Contoh:
I have read the book
He has done his task for 2 days
b. Kalimat tanya dibentuk dengan memindahkan has / have di depan kalimat sebelum subject.
Dan has not atau have not pada kalimat negative.
Contoh:
I havent read the book
Has he done his task?
c. Keterangan waktu yang biasa digunakan
Since = sejak
For = selama
Already = sudah / sudah selesai
Recently = akhir-akhir ini
Pattern
Positive sentence S + has/have + VIII + O/C
Negative sentence S + has/have + not + VIII+ O/C
Interrogative sentence Has/have + S + VIII+ O/C
Example:
1) I have done my task since 2 days
2) Have you helped your mother?
3) She hasnt buy the car
4) The girl has borrowed his pen
5) Mr. Brown has visited this place