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Mole concept
1 mole of any substance refers to the
presence as many entities as in the
Avogadros constant which is equal to
6.022 x 1023.
It has major application in chemistry
and is used in quantitative analysis of
compounds.
1 mole of any substance =6.022 x
1023 atoms/molecules/ions
Law of Equivalence
The law of equivalence states that the
equivalence of the reactant is same to
the equivalence of product in a chemical
reaction whether the reactant is
neutralized, oxidized or reduced.
We find this concept extremely useful
in determining gram quantity of
participants of the reaction.
Concentration terms
1. Molarity - It refers to the number of
moles of solute present in 1L volume of
the solution.
MOLARITY =
no . of moles of a component
total number of molesthe solution
4.
5. Equivalent weight It refers to the
weight of a substance required to
directly or indirectly combine or replace
1 part by mass of hydrogen, 8 parts by
mass of oxygen, 35.5 parts by mass of
chlorine, 80 parts by mass of bromine,
127 parts by mass of Iodine, 17 parts
by mass of 1 OH formula unit, etc. in a
chemical reaction.
6. Normality The number of gram
equivalents of solute present in 1 L
volume of the solution.
No. of gramequivalent=
NORMALITY =