Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
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- ASTMUL BRONSIC-
Tratament
Clasificare:
-dupa mecanismul fiziopatogenic ameliorator:
a)BRONHODILATATOARE
-adrenomimetice: adrenalina,efedrina,izoprenalina,orciprenalina,
terbutalina,
fenoterol,salbutamol,pirbuterol,reproterol,carbuterol,salmetrol,formoterol,
clenbuterol.
-parasimpatolitice: atropina,ipratropium,oxitropium,tiotropium.
-musculotrope: teofilina,aminofilina.
-antibucotriene: montelukast,zafirlukast,pranlukast,zileuton.
b)INHIBITOARE ALE DEGRANULARII MASTOCITELOR
-acid cromoglicic,nedocromil,ketotifen.
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c)ANTIINFLAMATOARE
-corticoizi: beclometazona,budesonid,flunisolid,fluticason,mometason,
triamcinolon, hidrocortizon
hemisuccinat,prednison,prednisolon,metilprednisolon.
-antiinflamatoare nesteroidiene: fenspirida.
A.BRONHODILATATOARE ADRENOMIMETICE
-derivati fenolici:efedrina
-catecolamine:adrenalina,izoprenalina,izoetarina
-rezorcinolamine: orciprenalina(carbuterol,pirbuterol,salmeterol),
terbutalina, fenoterol,reproterol
-saligenine:salbutamol,carbuterol,pirbuterol,salmeterol
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-derivati ortodiclorfenilici:clenbuterol
SALBUTAMOL
FENOTEROL
FORMOTEROL
SALMETEROL
prelungita)
Specialitati:-Seretide
diskus 50/100;50/250;50/500
(salmeterol+fluticazona)-pulbere unidoza pt. inhalat-60 de doze
-Seretide CFC FREE INHALER 25/50;25/125;25/250
-Duaspir diskus 50/100;50/250;50/500
(Salbuterol+fluticazona)
-Flusamer 50/250;50/500 (Salbuterol+fluticazona)
B.BRONHODILATATOARE PARASIMPATOLITICE
-atropina,ipratropium,tiotropium
ATROPINA
IPRATROPII BROMIDUM
-susp.inhal.presurizata 20 mg/doza
TIOTROPIUM
AMINOFILINA
-bronhodilatator astmatic
-stimuleaza :-SNC,centrul respirator bulbar
- cordul: produce tahicardie,creste necesarul de O 2
-secretia gastrica
-are actiune diuretica slaba
-vasodilatator cu hipotensiune arteriala
Specialitati:-Aminofilina
-cp. 100,200 mg
TEOFILINA
-cps. 200,350 mg
-Theo SR 100,200,300 mg
D.ANTILEUCOTRIENE
MONTELUKAST
Specialitati:
mg
-Spirokast -cpr.mast. 4,5 mg; cp.film. 10 mg
ZAFIRLUKAST
ZILEUTON
ROFLUMILASTUM
Specialitati:-Daxas
-cpr. 500 mg
-aerosol 1 mg/doza
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KETOTIFEN
-antialergic
-indicat in astm alergic ,rinita si conjunctivita alergica,urticarie
Specialitati:-Ketotifen
-cp. 1 mg
F.CORTICOSTEROIZI
-se administreaza inhalator,oral,I.M. sau I.V.
-au actiune antiinflamatoare,antialergica
-dozele se scad treptat
-indicati in crizele de astm bronsic,tratament de fond,stare de rau
astmatica
-efectul antiastmatic debuteaza dupa 1-3 ore si e maxim la 6-12 ore
-terapia trebuie sa fie de scurta durata
BECLOMETAZONA
250 mg/doza
BUDESONIDA
FLUTICASONUM
mg/doza
-Flixotide nebules susp. inh. prin nebulizator 0,5 ,2 mg/2
ml
-Flixotide diskus pulb.inhal. 100,200,500 mg/doza
-Avamys
-Flixonase
MOMETAZONA
Specialitati:-Asmanex
CICLESONIDUM
-TUSEA-
Tipuri de tuse:
Tratament
-sintetice: dextrometorfan,
levopropoxifen, folcodeina
-neopioide(nu stimuleaza
SNC):noscapina,
glaucina,butamirat,clobutinol,pentoxiverina,oxeladina,benzonatat
b)Substante cu actiune periferica:
-mucilaginoase:-lubrefiaza mucoasa faringiana
-antiseptice si decongestionante nazale
-anestezice locale:clofedanol,benzonatat
-expectorante-favorizeaza fluidificarea si eliminarea sputei
-bronhospasmolitice
-altele
CODEINA
fosfat-15 mg
-Ultracod(codeine+paracetamol)
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-Tusocalm(codeine+guaifenesina)-7,5/120 mg
MORFINA
STUPEFIANT!
PENTOXIVERINA
-antitusiv,bronhodilatator
DEXTROMETORFAN
paracetamol +clorfeniramin)
OXELADINA
0,2 g %
BUTAMIRAT
Specialitati:-Sinecod-sirop
CLOFEDANOL
CLOBUTINOL
7,5 mg/5 ml
Specialitati:-Tussamed-sirop
0,4%
-EXPECTORATIA-
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A.SECRETOSTIMULENTE
-substante volatile(saruri de amoniu) si sublimabile (benzoate de
sodium,ioduri,derivati de guaiacol ,ca guaifenesina si guaiacol sulfonat
de potasiu),produse vegetale expectorante.
-se administreaza oral si se elimina la nivelul glandelor bronsice
stimuland secretia apoasa a glandelor traheobronsice,alcalinizand
secretia si fluidificand-o.
-produc iritatie nespecifica gastrica
-unele sunt iritante pentru receptorii din mucoase(Ipeca,Primula)
B.BRONHOSECRETOLITICE
-au actiune de fluidificare directa a secretiei bronsice
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A.SECRETOSTIMULENTE
-cresc si fluidifica secretia glandelor traheobronsice
SARURILE DE AMONIU
expectorant
BENZOAT DE SODIU
de Na+tiocol+Tinctura Aconiti
IODURI
-oficinale in FR X (NaI,KI)
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(KI+morfina+cofeina+salicilat de Na)
-Asmofug E-KI+morfina+cofeina+salicilat de
Na+efedrina
GUAIACOL
-Sirop de tiocol
b)GUAIFENEZINA-esterul guaiacolului cu glicerina
-are actiune antiseptica ,expectoranta,usor sedative a tusei
-Indicatii:-bronsite,traheite,laringite
Specialitati:-Robitussin
expectorant
-Bioflu expectorant
-Karvol
Specialitati:-Herbion
ivy-sirop
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-Prospan-solutie 1 ml pic.orale
-sirop
-cpr. efervescente
-Hedelix-pic.orale
-Bronchicum elixir-tinctura
ULEIURI VOLATILE
-ulei de menta,eucalipt,anisi
B.BRONHOSECRETOLITICE,MUCOLITICE
-actioneaza direct asupra secretiei bronsice fluidificand-o si
ameliorandu-i proprietatile cu favorizarea transportului mucociliar
ACETILCISTEINA
antidot
in intoxicatia cu paracetamol
cps. 200 mg
CARBOCISTEINA
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sirop 1%
BROMHEXIN
8 ,12 mg
-Bromhexin-cp.8,12 mg
-Bromhexin-pic.orale 2 mg/ml
AMBROXOL
-metabolit al bromhexinului
-stimuleaza secretia bronsica
-Indicatii:-bronsita,traheobronsita,bronhopneumonii,emfizem
Specialitati:-Ambroxol-cp.
-Flavamed-cp.,sirop
-Mucosin cu miere-sirop,cp.
-Mucosolvan-cp.,sirop 15,30 mg/ml,guma orala ,cps.
cu eliberare prelungita
-Revigrip-sirop copii,adulti
-Ambrohexal-sirop 0,3%,cp.30 mg
ERDOSTEINA
antibioterapiei
Specialitati:-Erdomed-cps.
30 mg
FENSPIRIDA
80 mg
-sirop 10 mg/5 ml
Tratament
-Decongestionante
-Secretolitice
antibiotice,deoarece bronsiolita este cauzata de
o infectie virala si nu bacteriana
-!!! NU SE ADMINISTREAZA
Factori favorizanti:-agenti
infectiosi:pneumococi,stafilococi,streptococci
-tuse convulsiva
-inflamatia cailor respiratorii
-poluarea aerului prin substante chimice
-fumul de tigara
-frigul
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Tipuri de bronsite
Tratament
-MUCOLITICE
mucusului
Specialitati:-
Sinupret
-Prospan
-Mucosin
-Mucosolvan
-Humex
-Rhinatiol
-Erdomed
-Eurespal-reduce si inflamatia
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-DECONGESTINANTE NAZALE
Specialitati:-
Oximetazolina-Afrin
-Xylometazolina-Bixtonim xylo
-Olynth
-Otrinase
-Nafazolina-Rinofug
-Phenylpherina-Vibrocil
-Dexpanthenol+xylometazolina-Nasic
-Iprotropium+xylometazoina Vibrocil duo
-Neomicina+Ephedrina-Rinonef
-Beclometazona-Rinoclenil
-Budesonidum-Rhinocort aqua
-Tixocortolum-Pivalone
-Fluticosonum propionate-Flixonase
-Fluticosonum furoatum-Avamys
-Mometasona-Nasonex
-Betametazona(combinatii)-Biorinil
-Efedrina+hidroc.+nafazolina-Bixtonim
-uleiuri-Pinasol
-ANTIBIOTICE
Specialitati:-
Augmentin
-Amoksiklav
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-Enhancin
-Eritromicina
-Azitrox
-Azitromicina
-Sumamed
-Fromilid
-Klacid
-Klabax
-VITAMINA C
-PNEUMONIILE-
Tratament
A.ANTIBIOTICE
-peniciline-penicilina- doze intre 2-4 mil. / 24 h (I.V. sau I.M.)-Ospen
-oxacilina
-macrolide-eritromicina
-claritromicina:24
Claritromicina,Fromlid,Klacid,Klabax,Roclarin
-azitromicina:-Azitromicina ,Azitrox,Sumamed
-levofloxacina:-Levofloxacina,Tavanic
-cefalosporine:Cefuroxim,Ospexin,Zinnat,Eficef,Ceforan,Ceclor,Ceclodyne,Cedax
B.MUCOLITICE
-acetilcisteina-ACC,Fluimucil
- bromhexin-Bromhexin
-carbocisteina-Humex,Rhinatiol
-ambroxol-Flavamed,Mucosin,Mucosolvan
-erdocisteina-Erdomed
C.VITAMINE
-vit C.-Upsavit,Redoxon,Cetebe,Vitamina C,Propolis C,Propolis
C+Echinaceea
D.PROBIOTICE
-pt refacerea florei intestinale-Bio-sun,Linex,Probio,Eubiotic,Zir-fos
E.ANTIMICOTICE
-pt prevenirea candidozei-Nistatin,Fluconazol,Diflucan, Diflazon,
Fluconazol
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-RINITA-
Rinita
nazale.
alergica-se manifesta prin scurgere nazala,printr-o
obstructie nazala, stranut
Clasificare:-
-tabagism
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- genetice
Simptome:-secretie
nazala apoasa
-congestie nazala
-prurit nazal
-stranuturi
-lacrimare abundenta si inrosirea ochilor
-alterarea gustului
- oboseala,iritabilitate
suieratoare
- cefalee
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Tratament
Specialitati:-Oximetazolina-Afrin
-Xylometazolina-Bixtonim xylo
-Olynth
-Otrinase
-Nafazolina-Rinofug
-Phenylpherina-Vibrocil
-Dexpanthenol+xylometazolina-Nasic
-Iprotropium+xylometazoina Vibrocil duo
-Neomicina+Ephedrina-Rinonef
-Beclometazona-Rinoclenil
-Budesonidum-Rhinocort aqua
-Tixocortolum-Pivalone
-Fluticosonum propionate-Flixonase
-Fluticosonum furoatum-Avamys
-Mometasona-Nasonex
-Betametazona(combinatii)-Biorinil
-Efedrina+hidroc.+nafazolina-Bixtonim
-uleiuri-Pinasol
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Tipurile sinuzitei:
Simptome:
Tratament
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A.ANTIBIOTICE
B.SECRETOLITICE
C.MUCOLITICE
D.DECONGESTIONANTE NAZALE
A.ANTIBIOTICE
-cefalosporine: cefaclor, cefuroxima,cefalexina, cefixima,ceclor
-peniciline de semisinteza:amoxicilina, amoxicilina+acid clavulanic
Specialitati:-Zinnat
-Cefalexin
-Augmentin
-Eficef
-Amoksiklav
-Amoxiplus
-Cefaclor
-Ceclor
-Probiotice-protejeaza flora intestinala dupa administrarea de
antibiotice
Specialitati:
-Bio-sun
-Linex
-Eubiotic
-Zir-fos
-Pro-bio6
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-Enterol
B.SECRETOLITICE
Specialitati:-Sinupret
-Helidex
-Prospan
C.MUCOLITICE
Specialitati:-Acetilcisteina
-ACC
-Fluimucil
-Mucosolvan
-Ambroxol
-Mucosin
-Prospan
-Flavamed
-Erdomed
-Humex
-Bioflu
D.DECONGESTIONANTE NAZALE
Specialitati:-Vibrocil
-Olynth
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-Bixtonim
-Rinofug
-Muconasal
-Bioflu
a)acuta-prezinta debut
b)cronica-recutizari frecvente
-la consult se pot observa amigdalele palatine care pot fi mici intravelice sau hipertrofice, in functie de
tipul de amigdalita;
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1.Antiseptice :-Ambazona-Faringosept
-Clorhexidum-Hexoraletten
-Hexetidinum-Hexoral
Combinatii:-Strepsils orange
-Strepsils classic
-Strepsils miere+lamiae
-Strepsils plus(lidocain)
-Trachisept
-Neoangine
-Orofar
-Decasept
-Decasept+propolis
-Septolete plus
-Septolete D
-Septolete apple+cherry
-Cholinex
-Trachisan
-Tantum
-Doktor mom
-Doloangin
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